Northwestern Juvenile Project (Cook County, Illinois), Follow-up 5, 2002-2006 (ICPSR 36949)

Version Date: Apr 4, 2019

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Principal Investigator(s):
Linda A. Teplin, Feinberg School of Medicine

Series:

https://doi.org/10.3886/ICPSR36949.v1

Version V1

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Alternate Title

NJP Follow-up 5

Summary

This study contains data from the fifth follow-up interview of the Northwestern Juvenile Project (NJP), a longitudinal assessment of alcohol, drug, or mental service treatment needs of juvenile detainees. The fifth follow-up occurred approximately 6 years after the baseline interview and focused on studying the development and persistence of psychiatric disorders, related predictive variables, patterns of drug use, and other risk behaviors.

The project's aims included studying (1) development and persistence of alcohol, drug, and mental disorders and (2) pathways and patterns of risky behaviors. Changes in disorders over time were studied (including onset, remission, and recurrence), comorbidity, associated functional impairments, and the risk and protective factors related to these disorders and impairments. This study addressed patterns and sequences of the development of drug use and related variables, focusing on gender differences, racial/ethnic differences, the antecedents of these risky behaviors (risk and protective factors), and how these behaviors were interrelated.

The original sample included 1829 randomly selected youth, 1172 males and 657 females, then 10 to 18 years old, enrolled in the study as they entered the Cook County Juvenile Temporary Detention Center from 1995 to 1998. Among the sample were 1005 African Americans, 524 Hispanics, and 296 non-Hispanic white respondents. Participants were tracked from the time they left detention. All participants were eligible for the fifth follow-up interview. Re-interviews were conducted regardless of where respondents were living when their follow-up interview was due: in the community, correctional settings, or by telephone if they lived farther than two hours from Chicago.

Citation

Teplin, Linda A. Northwestern Juvenile Project (Cook County, Illinois), Follow-up 5, 2002-2006. Inter-university Consortium for Political and Social Research [distributor], 2019-04-04. https://doi.org/10.3886/ICPSR36949.v1

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Funding

United States Department of Health and Human Services. National Institutes of Health. National Institute of Mental Health (R01MH59463), United States Department of Justice. Office of Justice Programs. Office of Juvenile Justice and Delinquency Prevention (99-JE-FX-1001), United States Department of Health and Human Services. National Institutes of Health. National Institute on Drug Abuse, United States Department of Health and Human Services. National Institutes of Health. National Institute on Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism

Subject Terms

Geographic Coverage

Smallest Geographic Unit

None

Restrictions

Access to these data is restricted. Users interested in obtaining these data must complete a Restricted Data Use Agreement. Data are provided via ICPSR's Virtual Data Enclave (VDE). Apply for access to these data through the ICPSR VDE portal. Information and instructions are available within the data portal. For further assistance please reference the VDE Guide to learn about the application process, about using the VDE, and how to request disclosure review of VDE output.

Distributor(s)

Inter-university Consortium for Political and Social Research
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Time Period(s)

2002 -- 2006

Date of Collection

2002 -- 2006

Data Collection Notes

  1. Supporting documentation for DIS Dx (da36949-0005) and WMH-CIDI Dx (da36949-0007) data files contain proprietary descriptions and algorithms. This information is included in text files available only through restricted access procedures. See Appendix 3 of the User Guide for a detailed explanation of how diagnosis variables were derived.

  2. To avoid participant burden, the screening criteria for DIS Section R and Section S was changed from "lifetime" to "since the last interview" beginning with Follow-up 5 and all subsequent follow-up interviews. To determine lifetime substance use disorders, users must draw from prior waves to determine whether the participant had ever met criteria for a substance use disorder.

  3. A software error was discovered in the WMH-CIDI PTSD module that affected the Follow-up 5 interviews. This error - which skipped participants out of the module prematurely and apparently at random - resulted in a high number of missing PTSD diagnoses. Follow-up 5 participants who are missing a PTSD diagnosis (n=504, variable D_PTS12) should be considered missing completely at random. The software error was repaired for subsequent interviews.

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Study Purpose

The project's aims included studying (1) development and persistence of alcohol, drug, and mental disorders and (2) pathways and patterns of risky behaviors. Changes in disorders over time were studied (including onset, remission, and recurrence), comorbidity, associated functional impairments, and the risk and protective factors related to these disorders and impairments. This study addressed patterns and sequences of the development of drug use and related variables, focusing on gender differences, racial/ethnic differences, the antecedents of these risky behaviors (risk and protective factors), and how these behaviors were interrelated. The development and persistence of alcohol, drug, and mental disorders of delinquent youth are examined.

Data from the baseline interview were deposited at the National Addiction and HIV Data Archive Program with the Inter-University Consortium for Political and Social Research. Data from the first follow-up (conducted approximately three years after the baseline), second follow-up (conducted approximately three and a half years after the baseline), third follow-up (conducted approximately four years after the baseline), and fourth follow-up (conducted approximately 4.5 years after baseline) were deposited with ICPSR's National Archive of Criminal Justice Data.

Study Design

A random subsample of participants was scheduled for a follow-up interview approximately 6 years after their baseline interview (Follow-up 5). Participants were tracked until they were found for an interview, withdrew, or were known to have died. Some participants who were difficult to locate received their follow-up interviews substantially later than the planned interview dates.

Follow-up interviews were conducted face-to-face wherever the participant was living--in the community or in any correctional facility in Illinois--at the time their interview was due. However, community interviews were conducted by telephone if the participant lived more than 2 hours away. Diagnostic modules were administered via pencil and paper interviewing (PAPI) or computer assisted personal interviewing (CAPI). Non-diagnostic modules were initially administered via PAPI; however beginning with the fifth follow-up, they were administered via CAPI.

Sample

A stratified random sample of 1,829 youth at intake from Cook County Juvenile Temporary Detention Center (CCJTDC) in Chicago, Illinois, was recruited between November 20, 1995, and June 14, 1998. This baseline sample was stratified by gender, race/ethnicity (African American, non-Hispanic white, Hispanic, "other" race/ethnicity), age (10-13 years or 14 years and older), and legal status (processed in juvenile or adult court) to obtain enough participants to examine key subgroups (e.g., females, Hispanics, younger persons). There were a total of 13 strata, as listed below. There were too few female detainees of each race/ethnicity and detainees identified as "other" race/ethnicity to further stratify these groups. Detainees aged 10 to 13 years were not stratified by legal status because they were generally too young to be considered for transfer to adult court.

Sampling Strata:

  1. African American females
  2. Non-Hispanic white females
  3. Hispanic females
  4. African American males, aged 10-13 years
  5. Non-Hispanic white males, aged 10-13 years
  6. Hispanic males, aged 10-13 years
  7. African American males, 14 years or older and processed as adult transfer
  8. Non-Hispanic white males, 14 years or older and processed as adult transfer
  9. Hispanic males, 14 years or older and processed as adult transfer
  10. African American males, 14 years or older and processed as a juvenile
  11. Non-Hispanic white males, 14 years or older and processed as a juvenile
  12. Hispanic white males, 14 years or older and processed as a juvenile
  13. Other race/ethnicity

Detainees were eligible to be sampled regardless of their psychiatric morbidity, state of drug or alcohol intoxication, or fitness to stand trial. Within each stratum, the project used a random-numbers table to select names from Cook County Juvenile Temporary Detention Center's intake log. The final sampling fractions for the stratum ranged from 0.018 to 0.689.

The fifth follow-up was conducted approximately 6 years after the baseline with a random subsample.

Time Method

Longitudinal: Panel: Continuous

Universe

Male and female juvenile detainees, ages 10 to 18, at intake to the Cook County (IL) Juvenile Temporary Detention Center (CCJTDC) between November 20, 1995 and June 14, 1998.

Unit(s) of Observation

Individual

Data Type(s)

Mode of Data Collection

Description of Variables

Follow-up 5, consists of 47 data files. Follow-up interview data are stored in separate datasets corresponding to each interview module.

  • The main dataset (Main) includes administrative information on what measures were conducted, the location of and type of interview, interview date and age of respondent at interview. This dataset (da36949-0001) has 19 variables, 1829 observations.
  • The interviewer comments (Comments) asked the interviewer to record their observations of how participants managed the interview, including whether participants had any difficulties with particular measures, whether participants seemed to be truthful, and whether the participant exhibited any psychotic symptoms. Interviewers filled out this observational measure following the interview. The dataset (da36949-0002) includes 64 variables, 1482 observations
  • The Child and Adolescent Functional Assessment Scale (CAFAS) includes multidimensional measurements of functional impairment and scales of role performance, behavior toward others, mood, self-harmful behavior, substance use, and thinking. This dataset (da36949-0003) includes 37 variables and 1483 observations.
  • The Children's Global Assessment Scale (CGAS) module summarizes the interviewer's impression of the lowest level of the participant's functioning at home, in school and/or work, and in other social environments. This dataset (da36949-0004) has 4 variables and 1482 observations.
  • The Diagnostic Interview Schedule (DIS), Version IV is a structured interview that assesses psychiatric disorders based on DSM-IV (Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, 4th Edition) criteria. The dataset referencing the interview questionnaire (da36949-0006) contains 734 variables and 1485 observations. These variables include demographics, alcohol withdrawal, dependence, and abuse; amphetamine withdrawal, dependence, and abuse; Antisocial Personality Disorder, and Conduct Disorder. The diagnostic dataset (da36949-0005) contains 902 variables and 1485 observations. These variables were generated by scoring algorithms using items from the interview questionnaire.
  • World Mental Health Composite International Diagnostic Interview (WMH-CIDI), is a comprehensive, fully-structured interview designed to be used by trained lay interviewers to assess mental disorders based on the definitions and criteria of DSM-IV. The dataset referencing the interview questionnaire (da36949-0008) contains information regarding: depression, generalized anxiety disorders, Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder, Panic Disorder, Mania, and Suicidality. This dataset includes 648 variables and 1481 observations. An additional dataset, (da36949-0007) with 288 variables and 1481 observations, contains variables regarding the diagnoses for mental disorders that were generated by scoring algorithms using items from the interview questionnaire.
  • Northwestern Juvenile Project Interview (Interview). Beginning with Follow-Up 5, the "non-diagnostic" components of the interview (e.g., the Child and Family Assessment (CFA) and the Risky Behavior Assessment Profile (RBAP)) were integrated into a unified interview called the NJP Interview (see eTable 1). The NJP Interview has 38 data sets. The topics covered were as follows:
    2. Non-School Services
    3. Service Sectors
    4. Referral Sources
    5. Payment information
    6. Attitudes and Barriers to Treatment: Receptivity to services
    7. Attitudes and Barriers to Treatment: Perception of barriers to services
    8. Arrest, Violence, and Gun Questions
    9. Gang Activity
    10. Victimization
    11. Sexual risk behavior
    12. Drug use history and recent drug use
    13. Drug Injection and Needle Use
  • The Incarceration data (Incarceration) (da36949-0047: 10 variables, 1489 observations) comes from a combination of correctional records and self-report, and includes information on the number of days incarcerated prior to the interview.

    • Response Rates

    By 8 years after their baseline interview, 1388 participants had received a Follow-up 5 interview. A total of 101 participants received Follow-up 5 interviews more than 8 years after their baseline interview. Other reasons for non-response at Follow-up 5 were: died before the 8-year cut-off (n=61); withdrew from the study (n=39); and could not be located (n=240).

    Presence of Common Scales

    BAS - Bidimensional Acculturation Scale

    CAFAS - Child and Adolescent Functional Assessment Scale

    CGAS - Children's Global Assessment Scale

    DIS - Diagnostic Interview Schedule, Version IV

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    Original Release Date

    2019-04-04

    Version History

    2019-04-04 ICPSR data undergo a confidentiality review and are altered when necessary to limit the risk of disclosure. ICPSR also routinely creates ready-to-go data files along with setups in the major statistical software formats as well as standard codebooks to accompany the data. In addition to these procedures, ICPSR performed the following processing steps for this data collection:

    • Performed consistency checks.
    • Created variable labels and/or value labels.
    • Standardized missing values.
    • Performed recodes and/or calculated derived variables.
    • Checked for undocumented or out-of-range codes.

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    Weight

    Follow-up weights are sampling weights augmented with adjustments for nonresponse (e.g., withdrew, died) at the follow-up. Sampling weights and normalized sampling weights are also provided for follow-up subsamples in dataset da36949-0001.

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    Notes

    • The public-use data files in this collection are available for access by the general public. Access does not require affiliation with an ICPSR member institution.

    • One or more files in this data collection have special restrictions. Restricted data files are not available for direct download from the website; click on the Restricted Data button to learn more.