Search results

This study aimed to comparatively explore the risk factors of a sample of homegrown violent extremist (HVE) civilians (n=30) and veterans (people with a military background; n=30), who enacted or planned an HVE event between 2003-2019, as informed by people from their various social networks. A HVE event is defined as acts of terrorism within the context of ideologically motivated violence or plots (Southers, 2013). For veterans these ideologies include White Supremacy/Neo-Nazi/Anti-Muslim/Anti-LGBTQ, Anti-Government, Radical Islam, and Black Nationalism. A group of non-HVE veterans (n=10) served as a comparison group. For both HVE and non-HVE veterans, this investigation was conducted across the military lifecycle (premilitary, military, postmilitary), and included an exploration of protective factors against HVE across the military lifecycle for the non-HVE comparison group.

The collection includes three relational data files with information about demographics (DS1), radical experience (DS2), and military experience (DS3). A fourth dataset tabulates the type of social network informant for each HVE civilian, HVE veteran, and non-HVE veteran (DS4).

There have been many studies about how sex traffickers recruit sex workers. However, very few studies evaluated how sex traffickers are recruited and learn to recruit sex workers or sex trafficking victims or facilitate sex work, along with facilitation strategies, including interpersonal and economic coercion. This study aimed to close the gap in the literature by investigating the etiology of becoming a sex trafficker or a sex market facilitator and how this knowledge is transmitted across the generations.

This mixed methods study used Respondent Driven Sampling (RDS) to recruit and survey sex traffickers in New York City and Chicago. Both cities have a long history of many types of sex market facilitation, ranging from ancillary roles in sex market facilitation up to sex trafficking. Qualitative data was collected through in-depth, semi-structured interviews with 183 sex market facilitators (New York City (n=84) and Chicago (n=99)) about facilitators' social learning processes and social and criminal networks. Additionally, this study collected rich qualitative narratives, revealing how facilitators perceived themselves, their self-identities, and their roles as mentors. These data were recorded, stored securely, and later coded by researchers into a quantitative dataset deposited with ICPSR. This quantitative dataset captures facilitator/trafficker demographic characteristics and includes variables describing how sex traffickers are groomed or mentored to be traffickers, how they groom new traffickers, and how they interact and network socially with other traffickers and sex workers. The aforementioned qualitative data are not included in this release.

These data are part of NACJD's Fast Track Release and are distributed as they were received from the data depositor. The files have been zipped by NACJD for release, but not checked or processed except for the removal of direct identifiers. Users should refer to the accompanying readme file for a brief description of the files available with this collection and consult the investigator(s) if further information is needed.

Financial elder exploitation (FE) is an increasing problem for vulnerable elders exploited by opportunists and for the social service and criminal justice system designed to protect them. This study systematically investigated both objective and subjective measures of social support and isolation, along with common risk factors mentioned in FE theories, including dependency, physical health, depression, cognition, and demographic characteristics. Researchers collected data on individual difference variables with an emphasis on cognitive factors and data on contextual factors using an individually administered survey approach. The framework for this project was derived from known factors for FE, predicted protective factors for FE, and conceptual approaches from the child mistreatment literature on risk and resilience.

The study includes 1 SPSS data file with 216 cases and 297 variables.

The current study sought to examine the impact of select psychological, cognitive, professional experience and social network factors on police officers' decisions to use force. Additionally, the study examined the impact of a brief citizen education intervention (i.e. the completion of police officer training simulations) on citizens' attitudes toward police and use of force. All participants completed three training scenarios inside a firearms training simulator.

A sample of law enforcement officers and civilians took part in the study. Participants completed a series of questionnaires designed to measure, among other things:

• Positive and Negative Emotionality
• Need for Cognition
• Cognitive Reflection
• Professional experiences as a police officer (law enforcement participants only)
• Size of friendship networks within the workplace (law enforcement participants only)
• Perceptions of how their friendship networks would be impacted if the participant were to use excessive force (law enforcement participants only)
• Pre-post measures of attitudes toward police (civilian participants only)

Current research that seeks to inform terrorism prevention, intervention, and interdiction efforts has been hampered by at least three problems: the lack of adequate control groups, a tendency to conceptually conflate radicalization with mobilization, and a preponderance of research designs that only include data on the perpetrator or the event, but not both. This project addresses these shortcomings by collecting data that includes control groups consisting of non-violent offenders, non-mobilized ideologues, and unsuccessful terrorists, and by modeling mobilization as the interaction between individual characteristics, social networks, and event-level situational opportunities for action. The integrated approach of this research isolates the interactive factors that distinguish violent from nonviolent offenders, identifies the individual, network, and event-level variables that are significantly related to extremist mobilization, and determines which law enforcement interdiction strategies are most likely to succeed in stopping terrorist attacks.

This research expands on the NIJ-funded Profiles of Individual Radicalization in the United States (PIRUS) and Social Networks of American Radicals (SoNAR) datasets to include event-level information on more than 1,400 United States-based extremist plots and financial crimes from 1974-2021. These event data can be linked to data on the individuals and networks contained in the PIRUS and SoNAR datasets, respectively, in order to build a fully relational database on radicalization characteristics, social-network dynamics, and event-level details and outcomes. Data collection used open-sources, including media reports, unsealed court documents, unclassified government reports, and other open-source archived content. To strengthen the reliability and validity of the analyses, at least 25% of the data were double coded, and the project team dedicated the last phase of data collection to conduct rigorous quality control. To analyze these data, the project team used three methods: descriptive and bivariate analyses, advanced regression methods with regularization, and multi-step configurational methods on a subset of 50 event cases.

These data are currently available as an Excel workbook. The "Plots" sheet contains data on premeditated violent and non-violent crimes. The "Financial Crimes" sheet contains data on financial crimes only. Please refer to the ICPSR README for more information.

Two years of school observations and interviews with parents, educators, and adolescents led to the creation of an application to investigate how adolescents respond when peers are threatened, and how those actions relate to cultural norms, identity and victim well-being. The resulting project attempted to address questions raised by community members and by developmental theories of caregiving and bystander intervention. Surveys and in-depth interviews were conducted with 300 7th to 12th grade adolescents, evenly divided between African American, European American, Mexican American and Native American. Five research studies are published or submitted for publication.

The first study describes the specific bystander actions that victims identified as moderating or amplifying their negative emotions. The second study shows that victims experienced greater emotional well-being and social connection after bystanders calmed their emotions and helped resolve conflicts, than when bystander amplified victim anger or took revenge on behalf of the victim. The bystander perspective on those four actions is the topic of the third and fourth studies. Bystanders felt more pride, less guilt and shame, and more like a good friend when they calmed and resolved than when they amplified and avenged. Third-party resolution was followed by strong feelings of competence, while third-party revenge was often followed by feelings that actions were inconsistent with values and one's "true self." Study 5 developed a measure of adolescent honor, dignity and face norm endorsement. It shows the predicted associations with threat response and self-evaluation of responses. Implications of the results for educational practice are discussed.

The Rochester Intergenerational Study (RIGS), is an extension of the Rochester Youth Development Study (RYDS). RIGS investigates intergenerational continuity and discontinuity of drug use in a three-generation prospective design. The focal participant is the oldest biological child (G3) of the original participant in the RYDS study. The project contains developmental data collected since 1988 on the G2 parents and G1 grandparents; combining those data with the prospective data collected from 1999 to 2019 allows examination of how the parent's own developmental course influences their transition to adulthood and their behavior as parents which, in turn, can be used to explain the onset and development of the G3 child's drug use.

Variables included pertain to the parent's stressors, drug use and problem behaviors, prosocial bonds, peer networks, gang affiliation, family context, major family events, and parenting behaviors. G3 assessments include their general psychosocial development, with detailed information on the onset and course of their drug use, problem behaviors, school behavior, and prosocial behavior.

These data are part of NACJD's Fast Track Release and are distributed as they were received from the data depositor. The files have been zipped by NACJD for release, but not checked or processed except for the removal of direct identifiers. Users should refer to the accompanying readme file for a brief description of the files available with this collection and consult the investigator(s) if further information is needed.

The School Health Center Healthy Adolescent Relationship Program (SHARP) was a school health center (SHC) provider-delivered multi-level intervention to reduce adolescent relationship abuse (ARA) among adolescents ages 14-19 seeking care in SHCs. This study tested the effectiveness of a brief relationship abuse education and counseling intervention in SHCs.

The SHARP intervention consisted of three levels of integrated intervention:

1. A brief clinical intervention on healthy and unhealthy relationships for SHC (cisgender and transgender) male and female patients delivered by SHC providers during all clinic visits (evaluated via client pre- and post-surveys and chart review)
2. Development of an ARA-informed SHC staff and clinic environment (evaluated via provider pre and post-training surveys and interviews)
3. SHC-based youth-led outreach activities within the school to promote healthy relationships and improve student safety (evaluated by focus groups with youth leaders and measures of school climate)

The collection consists of:

3 SAS data files

1. sharp_abuse_data_archive.sas7bdat (n=1,011; 272 variables)
2. sharp_blt2exit_long_data_archive.sas7bdat (n=1,949; 259 variables)
3. sharp_chart_data_archive_icpsr.sas7bdat (n=936; 24 variables)

1. SHARP_Provider Immediate Post_0829 and 0905 training_final-ICPSR.dta (n=38; 21 variables)
2. SHARP_Provider Pre and Followup_final.dta-ICPSR.dta (n=66; 102 variables)

5 SAS syntax files

1. NIJ SHARP - Analyses.sas
2. NIJ SHARP - DataMgmt_Final.sas
3. NIJ SHARP - Formats.sas
4. SHARP - Chart Extraction Data-MASKED.sas
5. SHARP - Chart Extraction Formats.sas

3 Stata syntax files

1. code-for-SHARP-dating-violence-analyses-deidentified-MASKED.do
2. SHARP_Provider Data to Archive-MASKED.do
3. SHARP-analyses-deidentified-MASKED.do

3 PI provided codebooks

1. SHARP Codebook_Client Chart Data.xlsx (1 worksheet)
2. SHARP Codebook_Client Survey Data.xlsx (3 worksheets)
3. SHARP Codebook_Provider Survey Data.xlsx (1 worksheet)

For confidentiality reasons, qualitative data from focus groups are not currently available. Focus groups were conducted with each student outreach team following the conclusion of data collection. Discussions focused on awareness about ARA, the school-wide campaign, using the SHC as a resource, and what else can be done to prevent ARA in schools.

This study advances the understanding of incarceration and reentry, and their consequences for women by focusing on prison social systems and their informal network structures. The data for this project are aimed at four research questions: (1) What is the informal social structure within prison? (2) How are inmates' positions within the informal structure correlated with their health? (3) What are the consequences of informal social structure and inmates' positions within it for inmate-level and prison-level outcomes? and (4) How does in-prison and out-of-prison social capital correspond with community reentry and family reintegration?

In phase 1, network data were collected for "get along with best" and "power and influence" nominations along with survey data to contextualize the measured networks. In phase 2, semi-structured interviews were conducted with eligible respondents to gather expectations for re-entry and anticipated egocentric support networks. Phase 3 followed paroled inmates for two subsequent interviews, and also gathered interviews with their children, and the children's caretakers. Administrative records were used to construct a recidivism supplement that is appropriate for modeling the hazard of recidivism following release. Behavioral data are combined from multiple sources, including inmate surveys, prison work records, misconduct records, drug tests, visitation lists, and gang classification data.

The study examined the networks of service delivery around violent assaults involving street conflicts and disputes. The research was designed to expand understanding of the situational and contextual factors around street violence that impact how individuals who have past justice system involvement access (or do not access) victim services after being violently injured. The project used a mixed-method design that yielded both qualitative and quantitative data. Qualitative data were drawn from focus groups, semi-structured interview with victim services providers, and in-depth interviews with 103 victims of street crime. Quantitative data were drawn from surveys and social network data collection with those same 103 victims of violent street assaults.