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Curated

Juvenile Defendants in Criminal Courts (JDCC): Survey of 40 Counties in the United States, 1998 (ICPSR 3750)

Released/updated on: 2003-09-25

Geographic coverage: United States

This is an independent sample of juvenile defendants drawn from the State Court Processing Statistics (SCPS) for 1998 (see ICPSR 2038). SCPS 1998 tracked felony cases filed in May 1998 until final disposition or until one year had elapsed from the date of filing. SCPS 1998 presents data on felony cases filed in approximately 40 of the nation's 75 most populous counties in 1998. These 75 counties account for more than a third of the United States population and approximately half of all reported crimes. The cases from these 40 jurisdictions were weighted to represent all felony filings during the month of May in the 75 most populous counties. Data were collected on arrest charges, demographic characteristics, criminal history, pretrial release and detention, adjudication, and sentencing. Within each sampled site, data were gathered on each juvenile felony case. Cases were tracked through adjudication or for up to one year. The source used to identify the upper age for juveniles and the filing mechanism appropriate to each state was the OJJDP publication, Trying Juveniles as Adults in Criminal Court: An Analysis of State Transfer Provisions (December 1998).

Curated

Pretrial Home Detention with Electronic Monitoring: An Evaluation in Marion County, Indiana, 1988-1989 (ICPSR 9734)

Released/updated on: 1992-03-04

Geographic coverage: Indiana, United States

Time period: 1988-01-01--1989-01-01

For this data collection a pretrial home detention program in Marion County, Indiana, that relied on electronic monitoring of clients was subjected to a nonexperimental evaluation. The data address whether the pretrial electronic monitoring program was effective in ensuring that clients appeared at their court hearings, whether the pretrial electronic monitoring program was effective in ensuring public safety, and the extent to which field contact officers experienced difficulties in attempting to contact clients. To gauge the success of the program, investigators compared the number of successful terminations (i.e., home detention followed by a court appearance) to the number of unsuccessful terminations (technical violations and absconding). Each client in the pretrial program was fitted with a coded wristlet that matched a base unit receptacle. A successful contact between the coded wristlet and the base unit verified the client's presence. Defendants on home detention were monitored by a field contact officer. Variables in this collection include charged offense, prior criminal history, living arrangements, employment status, number of telephone calls, summary of program violations, reason for program termination, program entry and termination dates, and disposition after program release. The unit of observation is the individual program client.

Curated

Pretrial Release Data, 1969 (ICPSR 7538)

Released/updated on: 1992-02-16

This data collection contains information gathered about pretrial release policies, procedures, and outcomes in a 1969 survey of police chiefs, judges, prosecutors, defense attorneys, and bail project directors in 72 cities across the United States (with a higher proportion in Illinois). The research objectives included: (1) developing a model designed to determine the optimum percentage of defendants to hold prior to trial, (2) developing a model designed to make decisions on whether a defendant should be released or held in jail prior to trial, (3) comparing cities having bail reform projects with cities not having them, (4) comparing cities that required arrested persons to provide 10 percent of the bond with cities requiring 100 percent of the bond, and (5) determining the causes and effects of variations across cities in the percentage of defendants held in jail prior to trial. The survey focused on the processing of arrested persons prior to trial. Respondents answered questions about the organization and procedures in pretrial release, supplied approximate statistical data (e.g., percent of arraigned individuals who were released prior to their trial and failed to appear in court for their trial), estimated statistical trends in pretrial release during the previous five years, reported on attitudes in their communities toward administration of bail, rated the importance of several criteria when determining if a defendant was to be allowed pretrial release, and indicated whether their city had a bail reform program, and if so, its characteristics. Demographic data (ranging from population to income to crime rates) about the 72 cities represented in the survey are also included in the file.

Curated

Partially restricted

Research on District Attorneys' Pretrial Diversion Programs: A Proposal for a Comprehensive Multi-Method Study, Vermont, Illinois, and Wisconsin, 2012-2016 (ICPSR 37084)

Released/updated on: 2023-01-30

Geographic coverage: Vermont, Milwaukee, United States, Chittenden County, Illinois, Cook County, Wisconsin

Time period: 2012-01-01--2016-01-01

With state courts facing record-breaking caseloads and tightening budgets, jurisdictions around the country have begun to seek alternatives to traditional case processing as early as possible in the criminal justice process. One existing alternative is prosecutor-led diversion, a model which allows jurisdictions to reroute low-level offenders from traditional case-processing at the front-end of the justice process, in many cases prior to formal charge or arraignment. Although prosecutor-led diversion programs (PDPs) have been a part of the American legal landscape for several decades, there is little to no descriptive literature of the model and only sporadic impact evaluations of specific programs. In response, the Center for Court Innovation, the RAND Corporation, and the Association of Prosecuting Attorneys conducted a national, multi-method study with the following goals: (1) to synthesize existing knowledge of PDPs, (2) to produce a rich understanding of existing programs through in-depth case studies of programs in 11 sites nationwide, including program goals, target populations, and policies, and (3) to test PDP effectiveness in reducing recidivism, incarceration, psychosocial problems, and costs to the society and the economy through a prospective impact evaluation of 5 programs at 3 sites. Phase 1 consisted of in-depth interviews with key stakeholders at the 11 sites. Phase 2 consisted of focus groups with program participants, and an impact study of the effects of PDPs on case disposition, use of jail, re-arrest, and cost effectiveness.

This collection includes data from the Phase 2 impact study. Five programs from 3 of the 11 sites (Cook County, Illinois, Chittenden County, Vermont, and Milwaukee County, Wisconsin) were selected for quasi-experimental impact evaluations. For each program, the research team obtained a de-identified dataset containing demographics, criminal histories, and instant case outcomes.

Curated

Partially restricted

State Court Processing Statistics, 1990-2009: Felony Defendants in Large Urban Counties (ICPSR 2038)

Released/updated on: 2014-06-24

Geographic coverage: United States

Originally known as the National Pretrial Reporting Program, the State Court Processing Statistics (SCPS) program tracks felony cases filed in May of a given year until final disposition or until one year has elapsed from the date of filing. This collection presents data on felony cases filed in approximately 40 of the nation's 75 most populous counties in even numbered years from 1990-2006 and 2009. These 75 counties account for more than a third of the United States population and approximately half of all reported crimes. The cases from these 40 jurisdictions are weighted to represent all felony filings during the month of May in the 75 most populous counties. Data were collected on arrest charges, demographic characteristics, criminal history, pretrial release and detention, adjudication, and sentencing.

Curated

Partially restricted

State Court Processing Statistics, 2002: Felony and Domestic Violence Defendants in Large Urban Counties (ICPSR 34892)

Released/updated on: 2019-03-28

Geographic coverage: United States

This study provides incident-based, case processing, and criminal history data on defendants charged in state courts during May 2002. The State Court Processing Statistics Program tracked the processing of about 15,000 felony defendants charged in 40 of the 75 largest counties during May 2002. The BJS study entitled Processing of Domestic Violence Cases in State Courts collected additional incident-based and case processing data on more than 5,000 felony and misdemeanor domestic violence defendants in 16 of the 40 counties.