Showing 1 – 38 of 38 results.
Curated
Affect, Reason, and Decision Making (ICPSR 24610)
Released/updated on: 2009-09-22
Geographic coverage: Oregon, United States, Australia
This study examines the commonly observed inverse relationship between perceived risk and perceived benefit. The researchers proposed that this relationship occurs because people rely on affect when judging the risk and benefit of specific hazards. The study tested and confirmed the hypothesis that providing information designed to alter the favorability of one's overall affective evaluation of an item (say nuclear power, natural gas, and food preservatives) would systematically change the risk and benefit judgments for that item. The study suggests that people seem prone to using an "affect heuristic" which improves judgmental efficiency by deriving both risk and benefit evaluations from a common source -- affective reactions to the stimulus item.
Curated
Partially restricted
Anti-Terror Lessons of American Muslim Communities in Buffalo, New York, Houston, Texas, Raleigh-Durham, North Carolina, and Seattle, Washington, 2008-2009 (ICPSR 26921)
Released/updated on: 2015-02-27
Geographic coverage: North Carolina, Seattle, Raleigh, United States, Texas, New York (state), Durham, Washington, Buffalo, Houston
Time period: 2007-01-01--2009-01-01
In the aftermath of the attacks on September 11, 2001, and subsequent terrorist attacks elsewhere around the world, a key counterterrorism concern was the possible radicalization of Muslims living in the United States. The purpose of the study was to examine and identify characteristics and practices of four American Muslim communities that have experienced varying levels of radicalization. The communities were selected because they were home to Muslim-Americans that had experienced isolated instances of radicalization. They were located in four distinct regions of the United States, and they each had distinctive histories and patterns of ethnic diversity.
This objective was mainly pursued through interviews of over 120 Muslims located within four different Muslim-American communities across the country (Buffalo, New York; Houston, Texas; Seattle, Washington; and Raleigh-Durham, North Carolina), a comprehensive review of studies an literature on Muslim-American communities, a review of websites and publications of Muslim-American organizations and a compilation of data on prosecutions of Muslim-Americans on violent terrorism-related offenses.
Curated
Restricted
Assessing the Delivery of Community Policing Services in Ada County, Idaho, 2002 (ICPSR 4152)
Released/updated on: 2006-01-31
Geographic coverage: United States, Idaho
Time period: 2002-03-01--2002-04-01
This study was conducted to explore the ways that enable the Ada County Sheriff's Office (ACSO) to examine its behavior in five areas that embody its adoption of community policing elements: (1) periodic assessments of citizens' perceptions of crime and police services, (2) substation policing, (3) patrol based in problem-oriented identification and resolution, (4) performance evaluation in a community-oriented policing (COP)/problem-oriented policing (POP) environment, and (5) the building of community partnerships. The researchers strived to obtain both transitive and recursive effects. One of the goals of this project was to facilitate the ACSO's efforts toward self-reflection, and by doing so, become a learning organization. In order to do this, data were collected, via survey, from both citizens of Ada County and from deputies employed by the ACSO. The citizen survey was a random, stratified telephone survey, using CATI technology, administered to 761 Ada County residents who received patrol services from the ACSO. The survey was designed to correspond to a similar survey conducted in 1997 (DEVELOPING A PROBLEM-ORIENTED POLICING MODEL IN ADA COUNTY, IDAHO, 1997-1998 [ICPSR 2654]) in the same area regarding similar issues: citizens' fear of crime, citizens' satisfaction with police services, the extent of public knowledge about and interest in ideas of community policing, citizens' police service needs, sheriff's office service needs and their views of the community policing mandate. The deputy survey was a self-enumerated questionnaire administered to 54 deputies and sergeants of the ACSO during a pre-arranged, regular monthly training. This survey consisted of four sections: the deputies' perception of crime problems, rating of the deputy performance evaluation, ethical issues in policing, and departmental relations.
Curated
Attitudes and Perceptions of Police Officers in Boston, Chicago, and Washington, DC, 1966 (ICPSR 9087)
Released/updated on: 2005-11-04
Geographic coverage: District of Columbia, United States, Chicago, Illinois, Massachusetts, Boston
This survey was designed to explore perceptions and attitudes of police officers in three metropolitan areas toward their work and the organizations and publics with which they interact. Issues of interest include (1) the nature of police careers and police work, and officers' satisfaction with their jobs, (2) officers' orientations toward policing tasks and their relationships with the public, and (3) officers' perceptions of organizations and systems that influence or change police work.
Curated
Criminal Justice Response to Victim Harm in the United States, 1981 (ICPSR 8249)
Released/updated on: 2006-01-12
Geographic coverage: United States
This data collection examines the ways in which victim harm affects decisions regarding arrest, prosecution, and sentencing, and the impact of these decisions on the victim's perception of the criminal justice system. Five types of offenses were studied: homicide, sexual assault, burglary, robbery, and aggravated assault. The victim file contains information on personal characteristics, results of victimization, involvement in case processing, use of victim assistance service, satisfaction with case outcomes, and opinions about the court system. The police file and the prosecutor file variables cover personal background, screening decisions on scenario cases, communication with victims, and opinions about the role of victims in the criminal justice system. The prosecutor file also includes sentencing recommendations on the scenarios. Data in the judge file cover personal background, sentencing recommendations on the scenario cases, communications with victims, sources of information regarding victim harm, and opinions about the role of victims in the criminal justice system.
Curated
Criminal Victimization and Perceptions of Community Safety in 12 United States Cities, 1998 (ICPSR 2743)
Released/updated on: 2006-01-18
Geographic coverage: Madison, District of Columbia, Savannah, United States, Chicago, Tennessee, Tucson, Kansas City (Missouri), California, New York (state), Spokane, Washington, New York City, Knoxville, San Diego, Illinois, Massachusetts, Missouri, Los Angeles, Georgia, Springfield (Massachusetts), Wisconsin, Arizona
This collection presents survey data from 12 cities in the United States regarding criminal victimization, perceptions of community safety, and satisfaction with local police. Participating cities included Chicago, IL, Kansas City, MO, Knoxville, TN, Los Angeles, CA, Madison, WI, New York, NY, San Diego, CA, Savannah, GA, Spokane, WA, Springfield, MA, Tucson, AZ, and Washington, DC. The survey used the current National Crime Victimization Survey (NCVS) questionnaire with a series of supplemental questions measuring the attitudes in each city. Respondents were asked about incidents that occurred within the past 12 months. Information on the following crimes was collected: violent crimes of rape, robbery, aggravated assault, and simple assault, personal crimes of theft, and household crimes of burglary, larceny, and motor vehicle theft. Part 1, Household-Level Data, covers the number of household respondents, their ages, type of housing, size of residence, number of telephone lines and numbers, and language spoken in the household. Part 2, Person-Level Data, includes information on respondents' sex, relationship to householder, age, marital status, education, race, time spent in the housing unit, personal crime and victimization experiences, perceptions of neighborhood crime, job and professional demographics, and experience and satisfaction with local police. Variables in Part 3, Incident-Level Data, concern the details of crimes in which the respondents were involved, and the police response to the crimes.
Curated
Developing a Problem-Oriented Policing Model in Ada County, Idaho, 1997-1998 (ICPSR 2654)
Released/updated on: 2005-11-04
Geographic coverage: United States, Idaho
Time period: 1997-01-01--1998-01-01
To explore the idea of community policing and to get an understanding of citizens' policing needs, representatives from the Ada County Sheriff's Office and Boise State University formed a research partnership and conducted surveys of county residents and sheriff's deputies. The county-wide survey of residents (Part 1) was designed to enhance the sheriff's current community policing program and to assist in the deployment of community policing officers by measuring citizens' perceptions and fear of crime, perceptions of deputies, knowledge of sheriff's services, and support for community policing. Questions in the citizen survey focused on feelings of safety in Ada County, such as perception of drugs, gangs, safety of youth, and safety at night, satisfaction with the Sheriff's Office, including ratings of the friendliness and fairness of the department and how well deputies and citizens worked together, attitudes regarding community-oriented policing, such as whether this type of policing would be a good use of resources and would reduce crime, and neighborhood problems, including how problematic auto theft, vandalism, physical decay, and excessive noise were for citizens. Other questions were asked regarding the sheriff's deputy website, including whether citizens would like the site to post current crime reports, and whether the site should have more information about the jail. Respondents were also queried about their encounters with police, including their ratings of recent services they received for traffic violations, requests for service, and visits to the jail, and familiarity with several programs, such as the inmate substance abuse program and the employee robbery prevention program. Demographic variables in the citizen survey include ethnicity, gender, level of schooling, occupation, income, age, and length of time residing in Ada County. The second survey (Part 2), created for the sheriff's deputies, used questions from the citizen survey about the Sheriff's Office service needs. Deputies were asked to respond to questions in the way they thought that citizens would answer these same questions in the citizen survey. The purpose was to investigate the extent to which sheriff's deputies' attitudes mirrored citizens' attitudes about the quality of service.
Curated
Dissociating Affect and Deliberation in Choice Processes, 2001 (ICPSR 26281)
Released/updated on: 2010-01-25
Geographic coverage: Oregon, United States
This study was conducted to examine hypotheses derived from an emotion-based model of stigma responses to radiation sources. A model of stigma susceptibility was proposed in which affective reactions and cognitive worldviews activate predispositions to appraise and experience events in systematic ways that result in the generation of negative emotion, risk perceptions, and stigma responses. For this study, a total of 198 respondents were asked about a series of 15 objects and activities: sun-tanning, radiation therapy for cancer control, microwave ovens, nuclear power plants, radiation from air travel, death of a favorite pet, medical x-rays, the upcoming spring break, natural background radiation, final exams for the term, radiation from nuclear weapons testing, radiation to prevent bacteria in food, a series of thefts or crimes in their neighborhoods, cosmic radiation, and radioactive waste from nuclear power plants. Providing ratings on 17 scales, respondents gave their feelings about each object or activity, offered their opinions on situations wherein the object or activity would or would not be of concern, the impact of the object or activity in their lives, and their adjustment to situations involving the object or activity. Queries also included how angry and afraid the object or activity made respondents, and how risky, disgraceful, moral, acceptable, and stigmatized they felt it was. Finally, participants provided self-report ratings of affective reactivity and worldviews.
Curated
Drinking and Driving: A Survey of Licensed Drivers in the United States, 1986 (ICPSR 9599)
Released/updated on: 2005-11-04
Geographic coverage: United States
This data collection focuses on perceptions and experiences regarding driving and alcohol consumption. Respondents were asked questions about their average alcohol consumption, whether they refrained from drinking or moderated their behavior if they knew they would be driving, whether they ever drove while intoxicated, how many drinks they estimated it would take to make them legally drunk as defined by the laws of their state, whether they had been arrested for driving under the influence of liquor during the past year, and whether they and their friends ever had a designated driver when they went to a place where alcohol was served. Questions were also asked about perceptions of other people's behavior, such as whether designating a driver or refraining from driving after drinking is a common practice, and whether drunk driving is viewed as a serious offense in the community. Additional questions concerned knowledge of local laws and penalties regarding drunk driving. Demographic questions included age, education, family income, and whether employed.
Curated
Restricted
Ethno-Methodological Study of the Subculture of Prison Inmate Sexuality in the United States, 2004-2005 (ICPSR 4556)
Released/updated on: 2006-12-21
Geographic coverage: United States
Time period: 2004-01-01--2005-01-01
This study of prison rapes used an ethnographic, culturally relativistic methodology and was conducted between April 2004 and September 2005. The study was conducted in 30 correctional institutions, 23 men's and 7 women's, in 10 states. All 23 men's institutions were the highest-security level men's prison available in each state. When women's institutions were multi-security level and housed minimum, medium, and high-security inmates, they were selected from the highest-security level housing units within the institution. A total of 564 (409 male and 155 female) inmates were interviewed. The inmates to be interviewed were selected from the general prison population using a probability sample design. Average interview length was just under an hour. The sole mode of data collection was an open-ended, semistructured inmate interview. To ensure comparability of answers, surveys were designed with each query resting on a particular concept or variable. The same interview instrument was used for both male and female inmates. Questions were asked about inmate prison history, mental health, rape, social process, domestic violence and relationships, staff, institutional factors, and perception of social roles, and demographic information. Also included are lexical responses and free list questions such as "Why do inmates have sex with other inmates?"
Curated
Evaluation of the Weed and Seed Initiative in the United States, 1994 (ICPSR 6789)
Released/updated on: 2005-11-04
Geographic coverage: United States
The Department of Justice launched Operation Weed and Seed in 1991 as a means of mobilizing a large and varied array of resources in a comprehensive, coordinated effort to control crime and drug problems and improve the quality of life in targeted high-crime neighborhoods. In the long term, Weed and Seed programs are intended to reduce levels of crime, violence, drug trafficking, and fear of crime, and to create new jobs, improve housing, enhance the quality of neighborhood life, and reduce alcohol and drug use. This baseline data collection effort is the initial step toward assessing the achievement of the long-term objectives. The evaluation was conducted using a quasi-experimental design, matching households in comparison neighborhoods with the Weed and Seed target neighborhoods. Comparison neighborhoods were chosen to match Weed and Seed target neighborhoods on the basis of crime rates, population demographics, housing characteristics, and size and density. Neighborhoods in eight sites were selected: Akron, OH, Bradenton (North Manatee), FL, Hartford, CT, Las Vegas, NV, Pittsburgh, PA, Salt Lake City, UT, Seattle, WA, and Shreveport, LA. The "neighborhood" in Hartford, CT, was actually a public housing development, which is part of the reason for the smaller number of interviews at this site. Baseline data collection tasks included the completion of in-person surveys with residents in the target and matched comparison neighborhoods, and the provision of guidance to the sites in the collection of important process data on a routine uniform basis. The survey questions can be broadly divided into these areas: (1) respondent demographics, (2) household size and income, (3) perceptions of the neighborhood, and (4) perceptions of city services. Questions addressed in the course of gathering the baseline data include: Are the target and comparison areas sufficiently well-matched that analytic contrasts between the areas over time are valid? Is there evidence that the survey measures are accurate and valid measures of the dependent variables of interest -- fear of crime, victimization, etc.? Are the sample sizes and response rates sufficient to provide ample statistical power for later analyses? Variables cover respondents' perceptions of the neighborhood, safety and observed security measures, police effectiveness, and city services, as well as their ratings of neighborhood crime, disorder, and other problems. Other items included respondents' experiences with victimization, calls/contacts with police and satisfaction with police response, and involvement in community meetings and events. Demographic information on respondents includes year of birth, gender, ethnicity, household income, and employment status.
Curated
Eyewitness Identification: A Systematic Investigation of Lineup Composition and Fairness, United States, 2019-2022 (ICPSR 38761)
Released/updated on: 2025-06-26
Geographic coverage: United States
Time period: 2019-01-01--2022-01-01
The major objective of this project was to investigate photo array composition in order to improve eyewitness identification procedures. Photo array composition involves the fillers, or known-innocent individuals that police add to a photo array so that the perpetrator/suspect (referred to as the "target" in experimental design) does not stand out. An unbiased (fair) photo array contains fillers that match the description of the suspect provided by one or more eyewitnesses. In contrast, in a biased photo array, the suspect stands out from the fillers. Another popular procedure used by police is the showup, when the suspect is presented without any fillers. This project involved all three of these procedures.
This collection contains raw and aggregated data from 12 sets of experiments that investigated different aspects of eyewitness identification, including fair vs. biased lineups, lineup size, distinctive facial features, target-filler similarity, impact of sleep on eyewitness accuracy, memory strength, number of suspects presented, impact of courtroom instructions and expert expertise, and speed and confidence of eyewitness identification. Each experiment set followed a similar general design, with variations based on the purpose and hypotheses of the specific study. United States-based adult participants recruited via SurveyMonkey were asked to complete an online experiment in which they would be presented with a crime vignette and a suspect facial image (created from a faces database), given a distractor task, and then asked to select the suspect from a lineup and rate the confidence level of their decision.
The data were provided to ICPSR in Excel workbook format (41 data files, 3 codebooks) and are available for download as a zipped package. ICPSR has not modified the files from the format in which they were supplied. Data files are organized into subfolders that are named with a short content descriptor and citation of the relevant publication. Unless noted, data files contain a "codes" sheet that explains the variables and experimental condition groups. Articles and theses/dissertations that used each dataset are available under Data-related Publications. Please refer to the ICPSR README for more information.
Curated
Partially restricted
The Healthy Adolescent Relationship Trajectories (HART) Study, Baltimore, Maryland, 2018-2021 (ICPSR 38273)
Released/updated on: 2023-05-30
Geographic coverage: Baltimore, United States, Maryland
Time period: 2018-01-01--2021-01-01
Teen dating violence (TDV) is a prevalent criminal justice problem. The field urgently needs more effective interventions that are relevant to the lives of diverse adolescents; developing these interventions requires understanding of how violent episodes unfold within the greater romantic context, which generally includes not only violence but also positive feelings and behaviors. This study recruited 144 urban, primarily African American adolescent females from disadvantaged communities between 16 and 19 years of age who reported being in a romantic relationship with TDV in the past month.
The objectives of this study include examining the inter-play between emotional connectedness, pro-relationship behaviors, jealousy and TDV victimization and perpetration. Specifically, researchers will (1A) determine the same day and previous day associations between adolescent females' perceptions of emotional connectedness (love, communication, dyadic trust, intimate self-disclosure, commitment and enmeshment), jealousy and TDV victimization and perpetration, (1B) compare the frequency and patterns of emotional connectedness and jealousy across relationships that initiate, continue and/or escalate TDV victimization and perpetration; (2A) determine the same day and previous day associations between adolescent females' reports of pro-relationship behaviors and TDV victimization and perpetration, (2B) compare the frequency and patterns of pro-relationship behaviors across relationships that initiate, continue and/or escalate TDV victimization and perpetration; and (3) determine cycles of rupture (TDV incidents) and repair within adolescent relationships over time.
Researchers leveraged the infrastructure from the prior NIJ grant to recruit participants from community venues in Baltimore that have been identified as locations where adolescent females congregate, as well as recruited in the Johns Hopkins Pediatric Emergency Department and online through social media posts. Eligible females with informed consent completed the baseline survey which includes socio-demographic questions about the participant and her partner. From baseline, participants completed four months of diaries by responding to daily web-based questions on their Smart Phone about TDV victimization and perpetration, emotional connectedness and pro-relationship behaviors.
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Simple Crosstabs
Homeland Security in Small Law Enforcement Jurisdictions: Preparedness, Efficacy, and Proximity to Big-City Peers, 2011 (ICPSR 33941)
Released/updated on: 2015-12-22
Geographic coverage: United States
The Homeland Security in Small Law Enforcement Jurisdictions study drew upon data collected from 350 small (1-25 full time sworn officers) law enforcement agencies nationwide to address four gaps in the homeland security research literature and clarify/expand upon an empirically-derived model of homeland security preparedness and organizational efficacy.
- Whether physical and relational proximity to large agency peers facilitates the development of homeland security preparedness and improves perceptions of organizational efficacy (the capacity of an organization to respond) in small agencies and, conversely, whether the geographic isolation of small, rural agencies inhibits homeland security efforts.
- Whether efficacy of efforts to enhance homeland security is not just a function of perceived/actual risk or funding, but also other "institutional pressures", such as books and journal publications, as well as conferences, training, and other professional networks and channels.
- Assessments of preparedness outcomes through "organizational efficacy", the perception about the organization's ability to accomplish its goals.
- The lack of theoretical context, such as contingency and institutional theory frameworks, used to examine data on preparedness and organizational efficacy.
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Jurors' Judgments About Forensic Identification Evidence, Arizona, 2011-2014 (ICPSR 36169)
Released/updated on: 2021-08-31
Geographic coverage: United States, Arizona
This data file describes three different experiments that were designed to examine how differences in the way forensic scientific evidence is communicated affects jurors.
In each experiment, participants consisted of jury-eligible community members in Maricopa County, Arizona. Groups of participants attended a research session in which they were shown a 35-40-minute videotapes of one of two mock criminal trials (one, a rape case, centers around bitemark evidence, and the other, an attempted murder, centers around fingerprint evidence). Within each trial the content of a forensic scientist's testimony was manipulated. These manipulations involved: 1) whether the technique used by the forensic scientist was "high tech" or "low tech," 2) the amount of experience possessed by the forensic scientist, 3) whether the technique used by the forensic scientist had been scientifically validated, 4) whether the forensic scientist conceded that an error was possible, and 5) whether any exculpatory evidence was present at the crime scene.
Immediately following the trial, each individual participants completed a questionnaire in which they gave their individual impressions of the strength of the case. Following that, the group of participant would deliberate and attempt to reach a unanimous verdict. Finally, each individual participant completed an additional questionnaire that again measured perceptions of the case along with individual difference measures and demographics.
Curated
Justifying Violence: Attitudes of American Men, 1969 (ICPSR 3504)
Released/updated on: 2005-11-04
Geographic coverage: United States
This study contains data on the attitudes of 1,374 American men aged 16-64 toward violence in 1969. The study was undertaken to examine the levels of violence that can be viewed as justified to bring about social control or social change. Also emphasized were the role of the respondents' personal values, their definitions of violence, and their identification with the groups involved in violence. Some of the open-ended questions in the structured interview probed the respondents' general concerns, their attitudes toward violence, and their views on the causes of and ways of preventing violence. In questions grouped into categories of "violence for social control" and "violence for social change", respondents were asked to react to situations involving protests and other disturbances such as hoodlum gang disturbances, students' protests, and Black protest demonstrations. Repondents' opinions were sought on the appropriate police actions in these situations and the frequency with which certain control measures should be utilized. Respondents were also asked in three different situations whether they believed change could be effected without action involving property damage or injury, or if change could only be effected with protests in which some people were killed. Demographic variables describe age, sex, date of birth, nationality, occupation, education, religion, and family income. A supplementary sample of Black men is also included in this study in order to permit separate analysis on the basis of race.
Curated
Media Crime Prevention Campaign in the United States, 1980 (ICPSR 8050)
Released/updated on: 1992-02-16
Geographic coverage: United States
This data collection evaluated the effects of the "Take a Bite Out of Crime" public service advertising campaign. It sought to determine whether mass communications contribute to motivating the public to participate in crime prevention activities, and in what way the media could forge effective public communications on behalf of crime prevention. Variables cover perceptions and fear of crime, media use, sources of information about crime, and protective measures taken to prevent crime.
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National Evaluation of the Juvenile Accountability Incentive Block Grant Program, 1998-2002 (ICPSR 4046)
Released/updated on: 2006-09-22
Geographic coverage: United States
Time period: 1998-01-01--2000-01-01
This study examined the operation of the Juvenile Accountability Incentive Block Grant program (JAIBG) from fiscal years 1998 through 2000. In order to describe how states implemented the JAIBG program, this study examined the program's effects on state and local juvenile justice policies and practices, which included studying how states awarded the grant funds to localities and for what purposes, and an assessment of how states changed their policies and practices during this period. Variables in Part 1 (Juvenile Accountability Incentive Block Grant (JAIBG) Subgrant Follow-Up Information Form Data) provide grant information, jurisdiction type, planning typology of state, amount of funds budgeted for administrative purposes, and for each of 12 purpose areas, total amount of funds spent in subgrant, and number of the various entities involved in juvenile crime prevention. Variables in Part 2 (Fiscal Year 1998 Supplemental Programmatic Information Form Data) provide grant information, jurisdiction type, planning typology of state, type of program, primary purpose of funded programs in each of the 12 purpose areas (if the funds supported a new program in that purpose area), as well as allocation of funds and total funds in each purpose area. Variables in Parts 3-5 (Perceptions and Attitudes About the JAIBG Program Survey Data for JAIBG Subgrant Recipients, Perceptions and Attitudes About the JAIBG Program Survey Data for State Juvenile Crime Enforcement Coalition (JCEC) Members, and Perceptions and Attitudes About the JAIBG Program Survey Data for Local Juvenile Crime Enforcement Coalition (JCEC) Members) provide state, planning typology of state, and recipient's professional affiliations (by category). The surveys also included questions to measure the recipient's satisfaction with the JAIBG program and the funding received. Data available in this collection were obtained from the following two sources: (1) data collected by Follow-Up Information Forms (FIFs) for fiscal years 1998, 1999, and 2000 (Part 1), and (2) mail survey data collected by Abt Associates Inc., which included: programmatic and financial data for a sample of fiscal year 1998 programs (Part 2), attitudinal and opinion surveys of a sample of subgrant recipients (Part 3), state Juvenile Crime Enforcement Coalition (JCEC) members (Part 4), and a sample of local JCEC members (Part 5).
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A Place-based Approach to Address Youth-Police Officer Interactions in Crime Hotspots: A Randomized Controlled Trial, 3 U.S. cities, 2021-2023 (ICPSR 38930)
Released/updated on: 2025-03-27
Geographic coverage: United States
Time period: 2021-01-01--2023-01-01
This study combines elements of community policing and problem-oriented policing (POP) to examine the effect of a place-based policing strategy that emphasizes POP and patrol officer training in law enforcement officers (LEO)-youth interactions and youth crime prevention (POP for Youth[YPOP]) on crime outcomes and related community outcomes in 128 crime hotspots across three mid-Atlantic sites within the same county. Between July 2021 and November 2022, one third of the hotspots received traditional POP services, one third received POP for Youth treatment (POP with an emphasis on positive youth interactions), and the remaining third received regular patrol services for an intervention period of 13-16 months. The YPOP intervention was evaluated using multiple data sources, including reported intervention activities, official police data, and community surveys. The main objectives of this YPOP initiative were to: (1) Examine the impact of YPOP on crime; and (2) explore the impact of YPOP on young community member's perception of safety (victimization and fear of crime), perceptions of police and relations with the community, police legitimacy, and community collective efficacy in targeted areas.
Curated
Police Corruption in Thirty Agencies in the United States, 1997 (ICPSR 2629)
Released/updated on: 2005-11-04
Geographic coverage: United States
This study examined police officers' perceptions of and tolerance for corruption. In contrast to the popular viewpoint that police corruption is a result of moral defects in the individual police officer, this study investigated corruption from an organizational viewpoint. The approach examined the ways rules are communicated to officers, how rules are enforced by supervisors, including sanctions for violation of ethical guidelines, the unspoken code against reporting the misconduct of a fellow officer, and the influence of public expectations about police behavior. For the survey, a questionnaire describing 11 hypothetical scenarios of police misconduct was administered to 30 police agencies in the United States. Specifically, officers were asked to compare the violations in terms of seriousness and to assess the level of sanctions each violation of policies and procedures both should and would likely receive. For each instance of misconduct, officers were asked about the extent to which they supported agency discipline for it and their willingness to report it. Scenarios included issues such as off-duty private business, free meals, bribes for speeding, free gifts, stealing, drinking on duty, and use of excessive force. Additional information was collected about the officers' personal characteristics, such as length of time in the police force (in general and at their agency), the size of the agency, and the level of rank the officer held.
Curated
Prejudice and Violence in the American Workplace, 1988-1991: Survey of an Eastern Corporation (ICPSR 6135)
Released/updated on: 2005-11-04
Geographic coverage: United States
Time period: 1988-10-01--1991-10-01
This study was conducted to examine the nature and extent of prejudice-based mistreatment of employees in the workplace. The researchers investigated the effects of mistreatment on employees' psychological well-being, interpersonal relationships, and perceptions of the work environment. Personal interviews were conducted with 327 first-line workers at an American corporation in the middle Atlantic states to determine workers' experiences of violence, discrimination, and prejudice and their responses to such victimization. Three dimensions of victimization were explored: personal victimization, prejudiced victimization, and co-victimization. Self-reported symptoms of post-traumatic stress were identified. Data were also collected to ascertain job satisfaction and job autonomy and to determine if these factors mitigate the effects of mistreatment. Demographic information includes age, race, sex, income, education, marital status, ethnicity, religion, handicap, and sexual orientation. The company involved in the research has been kept anonymous.
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Project on Human Development in Chicago Neighborhoods: Community Survey, 1994-1995 (ICPSR 2766)
Released/updated on: 2023-03-29
Geographic coverage: United States, Chicago, Illinois
The Project on Human Development in Chicago Neighborhoods is an interdisciplinary study aimed at deepening society's understanding of the causes and pathways of juvenile delinquency, adult crime, substance abuse, and violence. In particular, it is a study of children's social and psychological development from birth to young adulthood in urban neighborhoods. This collection contains data from a cross-sectional survey of Chicago residents in 1994 and is the first product of an eight-year project. The survey gathered information from adult residents of Chicago on their perceptions of the neighborhoods in which they live. The survey questionnaire was a multidimensional assessment of the structural conditions and organization of the neighborhoods. Data collection consisted of a household interview of residents aged 18 and older to assess key neighborhood dimensions, including the dynamic structure of the local community, organizational and political structure, cultural values, informal social control, formal social control, and social cohesion. Variables include measures of the best and worst aspects of living in Chicago, how long residents had lived in a particular neighborhood, characteristics of their neighborhood, including types of social service agencies available, and if they would consider moving to a different neighborhood and why. Other community variables measure the relationships among neighbors, including how many neighbors a respondent would recognize, how often neighbors socialized, and how often neighbors participated in other activities together. Variables that capture neighborhood social order include respondents' perceptions of neighborhood problems such as litter, graffiti, drinking, drugs, and excessive use of force by police. Respondents were also asked about their normative beliefs regarding violence, money, and various children's behaviors. Victimization variables cover how often the respondent was the victim of a fight with a weapon, a violent argument, a gang fight, sexual assault, robbery, theft, or vandalism. Other variables measure fear of crime and attitudes toward the police. Demographic variables include age, gender, education, living arrangement, national origin, and employment status. In addition, a number of scales created by the study's scientific directors are included such as social disorder, perceived neighborhood danger, and neighborhood activism. Part 1 of this study contains individual responses to survey questions. Part 2 contains data aggregated to the neighborhood cluster (NC) level (see Study Design for explanation of NC).
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Project on Human Development in Chicago Neighborhoods (PHDCN): Interviewer Impressions (Primary Caregiver), Wave 2, 1997-2000 (ICPSR 13631)
Released/updated on: 2006-06-20
Geographic coverage: United States, Chicago, Illinois
Time period: 1997-01-01--2000-01-01
The Project on Human Development in Chicago Neighborhoods (PHDCN) was a large-scale, interdisciplinary study of how families, schools, and neighborhoods affect child and adolescent development. One component of the PHDCN was the Longitudinal Cohort Study, which was a series of coordinated longitudinal studies that followed over 6,000 randomly selected children, adolescents, and young adults, and their primary caregivers over time to examine the changing circumstances of their lives, as well as the personal characteristics, that might lead them toward or away from a variety of antisocial behaviors. Numerous measures were administered to respondents to gauge various aspects of human development, including individual differences, as well as family, peer, and school influences. One such measure was the Interviewer Impressions (Primary Caregiver). This set of questions was completed by the interviewer at the end of each interview with a primary caregiver(PC). Basic demographic information was collected. Also, the interviewer was asked to rate the behavior of the PC toward the interviewer and the PC's behavior and attitude toward the subject and other household members. It was completed for Cohorts 0, 3, 6, 9, 12, and 15.
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Project on Human Development in Chicago Neighborhoods (PHDCN): Interviewer Impressions (Primary Caregiver), Wave 3, 2000-2002 (ICPSR 13718)
Released/updated on: 2007-04-20
Geographic coverage: United States, Chicago, Illinois
Time period: 2000-01-01--2002-01-01
The Project on Human Development in Chicago Neighborhoods (PHDCN) was a large-scale, interdisciplinary study of how families, schools, and neighborhoods affect child and adolescent development. One component of the PHDCN was the Longitudinal Cohort Study, which was a series of coordinated longitudinal studies that followed over 6,000 randomly selected children, adolescents, and young adults, and their primary caregivers over time to examine the changing circumstances of their lives, as well as the personal characteristics, that might lead them toward or away from a variety of antisocial behaviors. Numerous measures were administered to respondents to gauge various aspects of human development, including individual differences, as well as family, peer, and school influences. One such measure was the Interviewer Impressions (Primary Caregiver). This set of questions was completed by the interviewer at the end of each interview with a primary caregiver (PC). The interviewer supplied basic demographic information and rated the behavior of the PC toward the interviewer, as well as the PC's behavior and attitude toward the subject and other household members. It was completed for Cohorts 0, 3, 6, 9, and 12 and it is closely related to PROJECT ON HUMAN DEVELOPMENT IN CHICAGO NEIGHBORHOODS (PHDCN): INTERVIEWER IMPRESSIONS (PRIMARY CAREGIVER), WAVE 2, 1997-2000 (ICPSR 13631).
Curated
Partially restricted
Project on Human Development in Chicago Neighborhoods (PHDCN): Interviewer Impressions (Subject), Wave 2, 1997-2000 (ICPSR 13632)
Released/updated on: 2006-06-20
Geographic coverage: United States, Chicago, Illinois
Time period: 1997-01-01--2000-01-01
The Project on Human Development in Chicago Neighborhoods (PHDCN) was a large-scale, interdisciplinary study of how families, schools, and neighborhoods affect child and adolescent development. One component of the PHDCN was the Longitudinal Cohort Study, which was a series of coordinated longitudinal studies that followed over 6,000 randomly selected children, adolescents, and young adults, and their primary caregivers over time to examine the changing circumstances of their lives, as well as the personal characteristics, that might lead them toward or away from a variety of antisocial behaviors. Numerous measures were administered to respondents to gauge various aspects of human development, including individual differences, as well as family, peer, and school influences. One such measure was the Interviewer Impressions (Subject). This set of questions was completed by the interviewer at the end of each interview with a subject (SP). The interviewer gave their impressions regarding the subject and the interview itself. Basic demographic information was also collected. It was completed for Cohorts 3, 6, 9, 12, and 15.
Curated
Partially restricted
Project on Human Development in Chicago Neighborhoods (PHDCN): Interviewer Impressions (Subject), Wave 3, 2000-2002 (ICPSR 13719)
Released/updated on: 2007-04-27
Geographic coverage: United States, Chicago, Illinois
Time period: 2000-01-01--2002-01-01
The Project on Human Development in Chicago Neighborhoods (PHDCN) was a large-scale, interdisciplinary study of how families, schools, and neighborhoods affect child and adolescent development. One component of the PHDCN was the Longitudinal Cohort Study, which was a series of coordinated longitudinal studies that followed over 6,000 randomly selected children, adolescents, and young adults, and their primary caregivers over time to examine the changing circumstances of their lives, as well as the personal characteristics, that might lead them toward or away from a variety of antisocial behaviors. Numerous measures were administered to respondents to gauge various aspects of human development, including individual differences, as well as family, peer, and school influences. One such measure was the Interviewer Impressions (Subject). This set of questions was completed by the interviewer at the end of each interview with a subject (SP). The interviewer provided his or her impressions of the subject and the interview, itself. It was completed for Cohorts 0, 3, 6, 9, and 12 and is closely related to PROJECT ON HUMAN DEVELOPMENT IN CHICAGO NEIGHBORHOODS (PHDCN): INTERVIEWER IMPRESSIONS (SUBJECT), WAVE 2, 1997-2000 (ICPSR 13632).
Curated
Partially restricted
Project on Human Development in Chicago Neighborhoods (PHDCN): Interviewer Impressions (Young Adult), Wave 2, 1997-2000 (ICPSR 13633)
Released/updated on: 2006-06-20
Geographic coverage: United States, Chicago, Illinois
Time period: 1997-01-01--2000-01-01
The Project on Human Development in Chicago Neighborhoods (PHDCN) was a large-scale, interdisciplinary study of how families, schools, and neighborhoods affect child and adolescent development. One component of the PHDCN was the Longitudinal Cohort Study, which was a series of coordinated longitudinal studies that followed over 6,000 randomly selected children, adolescents, and young adults, and their primary caregivers over time to examine the changing circumstances of their lives, as well as the personal characteristics, that might lead them toward or away from a variety of antisocial behaviors. Numerous measures were administered to respondents to gauge various aspects of human development, including individual differences, as well as family, peer, and school influences. One such measure was the Interviewer Impressions (Young Adult). This set of questions was completed by the interviewer at the end of each interview with a young adult (YA). Basic demographic information was collected along with interviewer ratings of the interior and exterior of the home. It was completed for Cohort 18.
Curated
Partially restricted
Project on Human Development in Chicago Neighborhoods (PHDCN): Interviewer Impressions (Young Adult), Wave 3, 2000-2002 (ICPSR 13720)
Released/updated on: 2007-04-20
Geographic coverage: United States, Chicago, Illinois
Time period: 2000-01-01--2002-01-01
The Project on Human Development in Chicago Neighborhoods (PHDCN) was a large-scale, interdisciplinary study of how families, schools, and neighborhoods affect child and adolescent development. One component of the PHDCN was the Longitudinal Cohort Study, which was a series of coordinated longitudinal studies that followed over 6,000 randomly selected children, adolescents, and young adults, and their primary caregivers over time to examine the changing circumstances of their lives, as well as the personal characteristics, that might lead them toward or away from a variety of antisocial behaviors. Numerous measures were administered to respondents to gauge various aspects of human development, including individual differences, as well as family, peer, and school influences. One such measure was the Interviewer Impressions (Young Adult). This set of questions was completed by the interviewer at the end of each interview with a young adult (YA). The interviewer gave his or her impressions regarding the subject and the interview, itself, as well as information relating to the interior and exterior of the YA's home. It was completed for Cohorts 15 and 18 and is closely related to PROJECT ON HUMAN DEVELOPMENT IN CHICAGO NEIGHBORHOODS (PHDCN): INTERVIEWER IMPRESSIONS (YOUNG ADULT), WAVE 2, 1997-2000 (ICPSR 13633).
Curated
Partially restricted
Project on Human Development in Chicago Neighborhoods (PHDCN): Provision of Social Relations (Primary Caregiver), Wave 1, 1994-1995 (ICPSR 13597)
Released/updated on: 2006-03-01
Geographic coverage: United States, Chicago, Illinois
Time period: 1994-01-01--1997-01-01
The Project on Human Development in Chicago Neighborhoods (PHDCN) was a large-scale, interdisciplinary study of how families, schools, and neighborhoods affect child and adolescent development. One component of the PHDCN was the Longitudinal Cohort Study, which was a series of coordinated longitudinal studies that followed over 6,000 randomly selected children, adolescents, and young adults, and their primary caregivers over time to examine the changing circumstances of their lives, as well as the personal characteristics, that might lead them toward or away from a variety of antisocial behaviors. Numerous measures were administered to respondents to gauge various aspects of human development, including individual differences, as well as family, peer, and school influences. One such measure was the Provision of Social Relations (Primary Caregiver), or PSRP. The PSRP was an interview administered to the primary caregivers (PC) of the subjects belonging to Cohorts 0 to 18 to evaluate the social support received by the PC from family and friends.
Curated
Partially restricted
Project on Human Development in Chicago Neighborhoods (PHDCN): Provision of Social Relations (Primary Caregiver), Wave 3, 2000-2002 (ICPSR 13733)
Released/updated on: 2007-02-23
Geographic coverage: United States, Chicago, Illinois
Time period: 2000-01-01--2002-01-01
The Project on Human Development in Chicago Neighborhoods (PHDCN) was a large-scale, interdisciplinary study of how families, schools, and neighborhoods affect child and adolescent development. One component of the PHDCN was the Longitudinal Cohort Study, which was a series of coordinated longitudinal studies that followed over 6,000 randomly selected children, adolescents, and young adults, and their primary caregivers over time to examine the changing circumstances of their lives, as well as the personal characteristics, that might lead them toward or away from a variety of antisocial behaviors. Numerous measures were administered to respondents to gauge various aspects of human development, including individual differences, as well as family, peer, and school influences. One such measure was the Provision of Social Relations (Primary Caregiver) instrument. It was administered to the primary caregivers of the subjects belonging to Cohorts 0 to 15 to evaluate the social support received by the primary caregiver from family and friends. It is closely related to PROJECT ON HUMAN DEVELOPMENT IN CHICAGO NEIGHBORHOODS (PHDCN): PROVISION OF SOCIAL RELATIONS (PRIMARY CAREGIVER), WAVE 1, 1994-1995 (ICPSR 13597).
Curated
Partially restricted
Project on Human Development in Chicago Neighborhoods (PHDCN): Provision of Social Relations (Subject and Young Adult), Wave 3, 2000-2002 (ICPSR 13734)
Released/updated on: 2007-02-06
Geographic coverage: United States, Chicago, Illinois
Time period: 2000-01-01--2002-01-01
The Project on Human Development in Chicago Neighborhoods (PHDCN) was a large-scale, interdisciplinary study of how families, schools, and neighborhoods affect child and adolescent development. One component of the PHDCN was the Longitudinal Cohort Study, which was a series of coordinated longitudinal studies that followed over 6,000 randomly selected children, adolescents, and young adults, and their primary caregivers over time to examine the changing circumstances of their lives, as well as the personal characteristics, that might lead them toward or away from a variety of antisocial behaviors. Numerous measures were administered to respondents to gauge various aspects of human development, including individual differences, as well as family, peer, and school influences. One such measure was the Provision of Social Relations (Subject and Young Adult) instrument. It was administered to the subjects belonging to Cohorts 6 to 18 to evaluate the social support received by the subject from family and friends. It is closely related to PROJECT ON HUMAN DEVELOPMENT IN CHICAGO NEIGHBORHOODS (PHDCN): PROVISION OF SOCIAL RELATIONS (SUBJECT), WAVE 1, 1994-1995 (ICPSR 13598).
Curated
Partially restricted
Project on Human Development in Chicago Neighborhoods (PHDCN): Provision of Social Relations (Subject), Wave 1, 1994-1995 (ICPSR 13598)
Released/updated on: 2006-03-01
Geographic coverage: United States, Chicago, Illinois
Time period: 1994-01-01--1997-01-01
The Project on Human Development in Chicago Neighborhoods (PHDCN) was a large-scale, interdisciplinary study of how families, schools, and neighborhoods affect child and adolescent development. One component of the PHDCN was the Longitudinal Cohort Study, which was a series of coordinated longitudinal studies that followed over 6,000 randomly selected children, adolescents, and young adults, and their primary caregivers over time to examine the changing circumstances of their lives, as well as the personal characteristics, that might lead them toward or away from a variety of antisocial behaviors. Numerous measures were administered to respondents to gauge various aspects of human development, including individual differences, as well as family, peer, and school influences. One such measure was the Provision of Social Relations (Subject), or PSRS. The PSRS was an interview administered to the subjects belonging to Cohorts 9, 12, 15, and 18. Like the Provision of Social Relations (Primary Caregiver), the PSRS was included as part of the Longitudinal Cohort Study to evaluate the social support received by the subject from family and friends.
Curated
Partially restricted
Project on Human Development in Chicago Neighborhoods (PHDCN): Self Perceptions, Wave 3, 2000-2002 (ICPSR 13741)
Released/updated on: 2007-02-07
Geographic coverage: United States, Chicago, Illinois
Time period: 2000-01-01--2002-01-01
The Project on Human Development in Chicago Neighborhoods (PHDCN) was a large-scale, interdisciplinary study of how families, schools, and neighborhoods affect child and adolescent development. One component of the PHDCN was the Longitudinal Cohort Study, which was a series of coordinated longitudinal studies that followed over 6,000 randomly selected children, adolescents, and young adults, and their primary caregivers over time to examine the changing circumstances of their lives, as well as the personal characteristics, that might lead them toward or away from a variety of antisocial behaviors. Numerous measures were administered to respondents to gauge various aspects of human development, including individual differences, as well as family, peer, and school influences. One such measure was the Self Perceptions instrument. It was administered to subjects in Cohorts 3 and 6 and obtained preliminary information about the subjects' views of their abilities in math and reading, as well as overall self worth, social competence, and safety in their neighborhoods.
Curated
Project on Human Development in Chicago Neighborhoods (PHDCN): Systematic Social Observation, 1995 (ICPSR 13578)
Released/updated on: 2005-07-18
Geographic coverage: United States, Chicago, Illinois
Time period: 1995-06-01--1995-10-01
The Project on Human Development in Chicago Neighborhoods (PHDCN) was a large-scale, interdisciplinary study of how families, schools, and neighborhoods affect child and adolescent development. One component of the PHDCN was the Systematic Social Observation (SSO). The SSO was a standardized approach for directly observing the physical, social, and economic characteristics of neighborhoods, one block at a time. In 1995, the PHDCN initiated a combined person-based and videotaped approach to collecting systematic observations of neighborhoods. Eighty of the 343 Neighborhood Clusters were used in this study. Once the sampling was complete, the block face (the block segment on one side of the street) became the unit of observation. Using videotape and observer logs, data were collected in the 80 sampled Chicago neighborhoods. Only a sample of block faces were selected for coding due to budget expenses. The National Opinion Research Center (NORC) collected the data for the SSO. Between June and October of 1995, trained observers from NORC drove a sports utility vehicle down every block within the 80 sampled neighborhoods. A videographer videotaped both sides of each block, while two observers recorded characteristics of each block face on observer logs. Further coding of the videotapes and observer logs was conducted by NORC staff.
Curated
Restricted
Public Opinion on the Courts in the United States, 2000 (ICPSR 3864)
Released/updated on: 2006-12-15
Geographic coverage: United States
Time period: 2000-03-22--2000-05-03
This study centered on two questions fundamental to understanding public opinion about the courts: (1) Do African Americans, Latinos, and Whites view the state courts differently? and (2) What impact did recent direct court experience have on people's opinions about state courts? Between March 22, 2000, and May 3, 2000, interviewers conducted 1,567 telephone interviews with randomly selected United States residents. Variables include respondents' gender, race, age, education, and other demographic information, respondents' perception of the fairness of local courts, including whether African Americans and Latinos were discriminated against, whether the respondent or a member of the respondent's household had been involved with the courts in the past 12 months, and if so, how fairly that case was conducted.
Curated
Reducing Disorder, Fear, and Crime in Public Housing: Evaluation of a Drug-Crime Elimination Program in Spokane, Washington, 1992-1995 (ICPSR 2628)
Released/updated on: 2006-03-30
Geographic coverage: United States, Spokane, Washington
Time period: 1992-01-01--1995-12-31
Established in 1994, Project ROAR (Reclaiming Our Area Residences) is a public housing drug-crime elimination program sponsored by the Spokane Police Department and the Spokane Housing Authority. This study was undertaken to examine and evaluate the effects and outcomes of Project ROAR as it was implemented in the Parsons' Public Housing Complex, located in downtown Spokane, Washington. In addition, the study sought to determine to what extent the project as implemented reflected Project ROAR as originally conceived, and whether Project ROAR could be considered a comprehensive community policing crime prevention program. Further, the study attempted to determine what effects this collaborative anti-crime program might have on: (1) residents' perceptions of the quality of their neighborhood life, including perceptions of neighborhood inhabitants, satisfaction with their neighborhood, fear of crime, and neighborhood physical and social disorder, (2) objective measures of physical and social disorder, (3) levels of neighborhood crime, and (4) subjective perceptions of the level and quality of policing services. To assess the implementation and short-term impacts of Project ROAR, data were collected from various sources. First, four waves of face-to-face interviews were conducted with Parsons' Public Housing residents at approximately six-month intervals: April 1994, December 1994, May 1995, and November 1995 (Part 1, Public Housing Residents Survey Data). Information collected from interviews with the Parsons' residents focused on their involvement with Project ROAR, community block watches, and tenant councils. Residents commented on whether there had been any changes in the level of police presence, drug-related crimes, prostitution, or any other physical or social changes in their neighborhood since the inception of Project ROAR. Residents were asked to rate their satisfaction with the housing complex, the neighborhood, the Spokane Police Department, the number of police present in the neighborhood, and the level of police service. Residents were also asked if they had been the victim of any crimes and to rate their level of fear of crime in the complex during the day and night, pre- and post-Project ROAR. The gender and age of each survey participant was also recorded. The second source of data was a city-wide survey mailed to the residents of Spokane (Part 2, Spokane Citizens Survey Data). Information collected from the survey includes demographics on ethnicity, gender, age, highest level of education, present occupation, and family income. The city residents were also asked to assess the level of police service, the number of police present in their neighborhood, the helpfulness of neighbors, whether they felt safe alone in their neighborhood, and overall satisfaction with their neighborhood. Third, a block-level physical and social disorder inventory was taken in April 1994, October 1994, April 1994, and October 1995 (Part 3, Neighborhood Inventory Data). The sex, age, and behavior of the first ten people observed during the inventory period were recorded, as well as the number of people observed loitering. Other observations made included the number of panhandlers, prostitutes, open drug sales, and displays of public drunkenness. The number of residential and commercial properties, restaurants, bars, office buildings, empty lots, unboarded and boarded abandoned buildings, potholes, barriers (walls or fences), abandoned cars, and for-sale signs, along with the amount of graffiti on public and private properties and the amount of litter and broken glass observed in each neighborhood, completed the inventory data. Finally, crime reports were collected from the Spokane Police Department's Crime Analysis Unit (Part 4, Disaggregated Crime Data, and Part 5, Aggregated Crime Data). These data contain monthly counts of robberies and burglaries for the public housing neighborhood, a constructed controlled comparison neighborhood, and the city of Spokane for the period January 1, 1992, through December 31, 1995.
Curated
Sex Discrimination as Perceived by Adult Males and Females, 1985: [New Jersey] (ICPSR 9250)
Released/updated on: 2005-11-04
Geographic coverage: United States, New Jersey
This data collection provides information on the ways in which men and women perceive the existence or non-existence of sex discrimination, how they react to it, and how they assign blame for it. The data explored "minority consciousness" among women and investigated how this group-shared consciousness affected women's orientation toward the political system as well as toward each other. Variables designed to measure minority consciousness include respondents' views on the existence of societal, work-related, and domestic sex discrimination, attitudes regarding such discrimination, and the extent to which women identify with other women. Variables regarding personal experiences with sex discrimination and sexual harassment are also included. Other questions explored attitudes toward recent changes in women's status, responsibility for both past and future changes in status, and the effect of such changes on the respondent's own life. Additional information was gathered on the role of the government in bringing about change in the status of women. Demographic variables include sex, age, race, education, religion, marital status, number of and ages of children, occupation, and family and personal income, as well as political party identification and ideology.
Curated
Tribal Justice, Tribal Court: Strengthening Tribal Justice Systems Using Restorative Approaches, South Dakota, 2022 (ICPSR 38825)
Released/updated on: 2024-02-13
Geographic coverage: United States
The purpose of this project was to develop a culturally relevant crime seriousness index specific to the Sisseton-Wahpeton Oyate (SWO) tribe while working closely with community partners. Informal background interviews with key stakeholders provided a foundation on traditional crime management by the community. These interviews informed the creation of an SWO-specific adaptation of the Sellin-Wolfgang crime seriousness index following an online survey conducted in 2022 with SWO community members (n=44 completed surveys).
Aggregated survey data have been released as a zipped package as it was received by ICPSR. Please refer to the study documentation for details on the index items and instructions on how to obtain the raw research data. The Final Report released by NIJ contains the full SRO crime seriousness index as Appendix D.