Arrestee Drug Abuse Monitoring Program II in the United States, 2007 (ICPSR 25821)
Arrestee Drug Abuse Monitoring Program II in the United States, 2008 (ICPSR 27221)
Consequences of Childhood Exposure to Intimate Partner Violence in Chicago, Illinois, 1994-2000 (ICPSR 20344)
Criminality Among Narcotic Addicts in Baltimore: The Role of Nonnarcotic Drugs, 1973-1978 (ICPSR 8604)
Criminal Justice Drug Abuse Treatment Studies (CJ-DATS): National Criminal Justice Treatment Program (NCJTP) Survey in the United States, 2002-2008 (ICPSR 27382)
Developing Methods for Assessing Outcomes of Law and Policy on Drug Trafficking Offenders, Organizations, and Criminal Justice Responses, United States, 2000-2018 (ICPSR 38441)
This project sought to gather and analyze data on the effects of marijuana legalization from primary and secondary data sources that are both local and national in scope, and at both the individual and aggregate level. Since 1996, 37 states have passed statutes legalizing marijuana for medical and/or recreational use, while it has remained illegal under federal law. Jurisdictional and temporal variation in law creates a complex environment and substantial challenges for police and prosecutors charged with enforcement, and little is known about the justice system processing, public safety, and public health outcomes of evolving laws and policies.
Secondary criminal justice and public health data were gathered from federal, state, and local sources. Each source has a sufficiently long time series to provide statistical power and to allow for sometimes gradual implementation. The design exploits geographic and temporal variation in the implementation of marijuana law, using a difference-in-differences design that compares outcomes in states which implemented the policies with states that did not, before and after implementation.
Differences in the Validity of Self-Reported Drug Use Across Five Factors in Indianapolis, Fort Lauderdale, Phoenix, and Dallas, 1994 (ICPSR 2706)
Effects of Marijuana Legalization on Law Enforcement and Crime, Washington, 2004-2018 (ICPSR 37661)
This study sought to examine the effects of cannabis legalization on crime and law enforcement in Washington State. In 2012 citizens voted to legalize possession of small amounts of cannabis, with the first licensed retail outlets opening on July 1, 2014. Researchers crafted their analysis around two questions. First, how are law enforcement agencies handling crime and offenders, particularly involving marijuana, before and after legalization? Second, what are the effects of marijuana legalization on crime, crime clearance, and other policing activities statewide, as well as in urban, rural, tribal, and border areas?
Research participants and crime data were collected from 14 police organizations across Washington, as well as Idaho police organizations situated by the Washington-Idaho border where marijuana possession is illegal. Additional subjects were recruited from other police agencies across Washington, prosecutors, and officials from the Washington State Department of Fish and Wildlife, Washington State Liquor and Cannabis Board, and the National Association of State Boating Law Administrators for focus groups and individual interviews. Variables included dates of calls for service from 2004 through 2018, circumstances surrounding calls for service, geographic beats, agency, whether calls were dispatch or officer initiated, and whether the agency was in a jurisdiction with legal cannabis.
Gender, Mental Illness, and Crime in the United States, 2004 (ICPSR 27521)
Monitoring Drug Epidemics and the Markets That Sustain Them, Arrestee Drug Abuse Monitoring (ADAM) and ADAM II Data, 2000-2003 and 2007-2010 (ICPSR 33201)
Monitoring the Future: Base Year & Follow-Up Core Panel Data, Ages 18-30, United States, 1976-2021 [Restricted-Use] (ICPSR 39223)
The Monitoring the Future (MTF) project is a long-term epidemiologic and etiologic study of substance use among youth and adults in the United States. It is conducted at the University of Michigan's Institute for Social Research and is funded by a series of investigator-initiated research grants from the National Institute on Drug Abuse.
The MTF panel study consists of six different survey forms (five forms from 1976-1988), and each survey contains a "core" set of questions about demographics and substance use. This study contains the "core" data for these questions compiled across all survey forms and years in which they are included for the longitudinal panel participants. Each record in the core panel dataset includes the respondent's data for their base year (BY) 12th grade survey (modal age 18) and their young adult follow-up FU surveys (modal ages 19-30).
The core panel dataset should be selected by all researchers. Use the linking variable available on all datasets, MTFID, to link the core dataset with all other MTF panel datasets.
Here is a list of subjects included in the core dataset:
Administrative variables
- Year of administration
- Survey form
- Survey date
- BY survey weight, sampling stratum and cluster
- FU panel analysis weights
Demographics
BY only
- #Parents in household
- Parent education levels
- Respondent's age in months
- Sex
- Race/Ethnicity
- Region of the country (school location)
- Population density/Urbanicity (school location)
- High school Zip Code, State and County FIPS codes (can be linked to user-provided data; results can be reported at no unit smaller than US geographical region)
- Absenteeism (illness, cutting, skipping class)
- High school program, Grades, post-high school plans
FU only
- Pregnancy status
- Household type
- Urbanicity
- Absenteeism (missing work due to illness, other)
- Vocational/Technical education, Armed forces, College attendance
- College grades, attendance, Greek life
BY and FU
- Marital status
- Household composition
- Political preference
- Religious attendance, importance, preference
- Evenings out, Dating
- Employment
- Salary/earned Income and Other Income
- Driving, tickets, and accidents related to alcohol and other substance use
Substance use
- Cigarette use
- Alcohol use (including binge drinking (e.g. 5+ drinks in a row/2 weeks), drunkenness)
- Marijuana/cannabis, hashish use
- LSD use
- Hallucinogen use, other than LSD
- Cocaine use (including cocaine, crack, other forms)
- Amphetamine use
- Sedatives/Barbiturate use
- Tranquilizer use
- Heroin use (with and without needles)
- Narcotics use (other than Heroin)
- Inhalant use
- Steroid use
- Ice use
- Methamphetamine use
- MDMA use
- Vaping: nicotine, marijuana, flavoring
Please see the study documentation available on the MTF Panel series page for question-specific details.
More information about the MTF project can be accessed through the Monitoring the Future website. Annual reports are published by the research team, describing the data collection and trends over time.
Monitoring the Future: Restricted-Use Panel Data, United States, 1976-2019 (ICPSR 37072)
The Monitoring the Future (MTF) project is a long-term epidemiologic and etiologic study of substance use among youth and adults in the United States. It is conducted at the University of Michigan's Institute for Social Research, and funded by a series of investigator-initiated research grants from the National Institute on Drug Abuse. MTF has two components: MTF Main and MTF Panel.
From its inception in 1975, the cross-sectional MTF Main study has collected data annually from nationally representative samples of 12,000-19,000 high school seniors in 12th grade located in approximately 135 schools nationwide. Beginning in 1991, similar annual cross-sectional surveys of nationally representative samples of 8th and 10th graders have been conducted. In all, approximately 45,000 students annually respond to about 100 drug use and demographic questions, as well as to about 200 additional questions divided among multiple survey forms on other topics such as attitudes toward government, social institutions, race relations, changing gender roles, educational aspirations, occupational aims, and marital plans.
The longitudinal MTF Panel study conducts follow-up surveys with representative subsamples of respondents from each 12th grade cohort participating in MTF Main. From each cohort, a sample of about 2,450 students are selected for longitudinal follow-up, with an oversampling of students who reported prior drug use during their 12th grade survey. Longitudinal follow-up currently spans modal ages 19-30 and 35-60. For surveys at modal ages 19-30, the sample is randomly split into two halves (approx. 1,225 each) to be followed every other year. One half-sample begins its first follow-up the year after high school (at modal age 19), and the other half-sample begins its first follow-up in the second year after high school (at modal age 20). Thus, six young adult follow-up (FU) surveys occur between modal ages 19-30, at modal ages 19/20 (FU1), 21/22 (FU2), 23/24 (FU3), 25/26 (FU4), 27/28 (FU5), and 29/30 (FU6). After age 30, respondents are surveyed every five years: 35, 40, 45, 50, 55, and 60 (these are referred to as FZ surveys). The FZ surveys cover many of the same topics as the 12th grade and FU surveys and include additional questions on life events and health.
MTF Panel surveys for the young adults (ages 19-30) were conducted using mailed paper surveys from 1977-2017. In 2018 and 2019, a random half of all those aged 19-30 received a mailed paper survey, while the other half were surveyed using a new procedure that encouraged participation using web surveys (web-push). The FZ surveys (ages 35-60) were conducted using mailed paper surveys through the 2019 data collection.
More information about the MTF project can be accessed through the Monitoring the Future website. Annual reports are published by the research team, describing the data collection and trends over time.
National Health Interview Survey, 1991: Drug and Alcohol Use Supplement (ICPSR 6132)
National Household Survey on Drug Abuse, 1979 (ICPSR 6843)
National Household Survey on Drug Abuse, 1982 (ICPSR 6845)
National Household Survey on Drug Abuse, 1985 (ICPSR 6844)
National Household Survey on Drug Abuse, 1988 (ICPSR 9522)
National Household Survey on Drug Abuse, 1990 (ICPSR 9833)
National Household Survey on Drug Abuse, 1991 (ICPSR 6128)
National Household Survey on Drug Abuse, 1992 (ICPSR 6887)
National Household Survey on Drug Abuse, 1993 (ICPSR 6852)
National Household Survey on Drug Abuse, 1994 (ICPSR 6949)
National Household Survey on Drug Abuse, 1995 (ICPSR 6950)
National Household Survey on Drug Abuse, 1996 (ICPSR 2391)
National Household Survey on Drug Abuse, 1997 (ICPSR 2755)
National Household Survey on Drug Abuse, 1998 (ICPSR 2934)
National Household Survey on Drug Abuse, 1999 (ICPSR 3239)
National Household Survey on Drug Abuse, 2000 (ICPSR 3262)
National Household Survey on Drug Abuse, 2001 (ICPSR 3580)
National Survey on Drug Use and Health, 2002 (ICPSR 3903)
National Survey on Drug Use and Health, 2003 (ICPSR 4138)
National Survey on Drug Use and Health, 2004 (ICPSR 4373)
National Survey on Drug Use and Health, 2005 (ICPSR 4596)
National Survey on Drug Use and Health, 2006 (ICPSR 21240)
National Survey on Drug Use and Health, 2007 (ICPSR 23782)
National Survey on Drug Use and Health, 2008 (ICPSR 26701)
The National Survey on Drug Use and Health (NSDUH) series (formerly titled National Household Survey on Drug Abuse) primarily measures the prevalence and correlates of drug use in the United States. Detailed NSDUH 2008 documentation is available from SAMHSA. The surveys are designed to provide quarterly, as well as annual, estimates. Information is provided on the use of illicit drugs, alcohol, and tobacco among members of United States households aged 12 and older. Questions included age at first use as well as lifetime, annual, and past-month usage for the following drug classes: marijuana, cocaine (and crack), hallucinogens, heroin, inhalants, alcohol, tobacco, and nonmedical use of prescription drugs, including pain relievers, tranquilizers, stimulants, and sedatives. The survey covered substance abuse treatment history and perceived need for treatment, and included questions from the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual (DSM) of Mental Disorders that allow diagnostic criteria to be applied. The survey included questions concerning treatment for both substance abuse and mental health related disorders. Respondents were also asked about personal and family income sources and amounts, health care access and coverage, illegal activities and arrest record, problems resulting from the use of drugs, and needle-sharing. Questions introduced in previous administrations were retained in the 2008 survey, including questions asked only of respondents aged 12 to 17. These "youth experiences" items covered a variety of topics, such as neighborhood environment, illegal activities, drug use by friends, social support, extracurricular activities, exposure to substance abuse prevention and education programs, and perceived adult attitudes toward drug use and activities such as school work. Several measures focused on prevention-related themes in this section. Also retained were questions on mental health and access to care, perceived risk of using drugs, perceived availability of drugs, driving and personal behavior, and cigar smoking. Questions on the tobacco brand used most often were introduced with the 1999 survey. For this 2008 survey, Adult mental health questions were added to measure symptoms of psychological distress in the worst period of distress that a person experienced in the past 30 days and suicidal ideation. A split-sample design also was included to administer separate sets of questions to assess impairment due to mental health problems. Background information includes gender, race, age, ethnicity, marital status, educational level, job status, veteran status, and current household composition.