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Altering Administrative Segregation for Inmates and Staff: A Mixed-Methods Analysis of the Effects of Living and Working in Restrictive Housing, Arizona, 2017-2019 (ICPSR 37851)

Released/updated on: 2023-06-15
Geographic coverage: United States, Arizona
Time period: 2017-01-01--2019-01-01

The Arizona Working and Living in Prison (AZWLP) project examined the impact of living and working in restrictive status housing, with a particular focus on the impact of restrictive housing on prisoner and staff well-being. The prisoner data represents three waves of data: baseline (within 3 weeks of placement in permanent housing), six months, and twelve months across medium, close, and maximum security custody levels. The critical measure of well-being is the Symptom Checklist-90 Revised (SCL-90-R). Prisoners were assessed at all three time points to determine whether placement in maximum custody impacted well-being as compared to placements in close or medium custody.

The staff data represents cross-sectional data of staff working in medium, close, and maximum security custody levels and asked staff to report on the emotional and physical impacts of the job, psychosomatic symptoms, organizational commitment, and social support.

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Assessing the Impact of Post-Release Community Supervision on Post-Release Recidivism and Employment, United States, 2004-2011 (ICPSR 36148)

Released/updated on: 2021-09-15
Geographic coverage: United States, Florida
Time period: 2004-01-01--2011-12-31
This study sought to examine the effect of of two separate forms of post-prison supervision on offender recidivism and employment outcomes: split supervision and conditional release supervision. In order to assess the effect of post-prison supervision on reentry outcomes for Florida inmates, this study addressed the following research questions:
  1. What is the impact of post-release supervision on employment and recidivism?
  2. Do various types of post-release supervision result in different outcomes of employment and recidivism?
  3. How does the length of post-release supervision impact employment and recidivism?
Florida was chosen as the state of focus because of its shift from indeterminate to determinate sentencing and elimination of parole in the 1980s. Researchers used arrest data, corrections data, and employment data from the Federal Department of Corrections, the Florida Department of Law Enforcement, and the Florida Department of Revenue.
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Battering, Work, and Welfare in Allegheny County, Pennsylvania, 2001-2002 (ICPSR 4081)

Released/updated on: 2012-04-24
Geographic coverage: United States, Pennsylvania
Time period: 2001-05-01--2002-11-01
The project's primary research objective was to assess the degree to which violence, sabotage, and control present obstacles to waged work and job training for women in Allegheny County, Pennsylvania. It sought to develop and assess instruments and generate data to serve as guideposts for policy and service delivery. The study consisted of two parts: (1) a series of interviews with 40 female welfare recipients, and (2) a community literacy project that resulted in a collection of narratives by female welfare recipients. Interviews were conducted with 40 Temporary Assistance to Needy Families (TANF) recipients who were enrolled at the Reemployment Transition Center (RTC) in Allegheny County, Pennsylvania, between May 29, 2001, and June 27, 2001. After explaining the research project to the intake group, the interviewers met in private with interested potential subjects. The interviews consisted of an initial face-to-face retrospective interview (Parts 1 through 5), conducted when subjects enrolled at RTC, and three follow-up interviews designed to be administered quarterly. The first follow-up interview (Part 6) was conducted between October 15, 2001, and May 7, 2002. The second follow-up interview (Part 7) was conducted between March 12, 2002, and May 21, 2002. The final follow-up (Part 8) interview was conducted between July 3, 2002, and November 15, 2002. Follow-up interviews were in person or by telephone (depending on the respondent's preference). A key innovation of this research project was to gather data on school, work, welfare, and relationships with enough precision to trace the complex connections among battering, work, and welfare over the course of poor women's lives (Part 9). To do so, researchers collected data on the start and end dates of each period of education, each job, each period on welfare, and each relationship. These data enabled researchers to compare the number and length of spells at work and on welfare for women who did and women who did not report various obstacles, including battering. Finally, researchers summarized some elements of the longitudinal data such as relationship and employment information into a data file (Part 10). In all, there are 10 quantitative data files encompassing 1,895 variables. In addition to the 10 quantitative data files, there are respondent answers to open text questions (Part 11). Interviewers were able to record field notes, which included observations about the interview context, overall impressions of the process, elaborated answers to open-ended questions, etc. (Part 12). There are also 8 autobiographical narratives to serve as sources of qualitative data on the ways current and former welfare recipients experience and perceive work, welfare, and relationships (including abuse) (Part 13). The Part 1 (Retrospective Demographic and Hardship Data) data file contains demographic information including living arrangements and income. The Part 2 (Retrospective Education Data) data file contains information related to the respondent's prior education. The Part 3 (Retrospective Employment Data) data file contains information related to the respondent's employment history. The Part 4 (Retrospective Welfare Data) contains information related to the respondent's welfare history. The Part 5 (Retrospective Relationship Data) data file contains information related to the Work-Related Control, Abuse, and Sabotage Checklist (WORCASC) and the Work/School Abuse Scale (W/SAS), which asked questions about interference, sabotage, and violence in relationships. The Part 6 (First Follow-Up Interview Data), Part 7 (Second Follow-Up Interview Data), and Part 8 (Final Follow-Up Interview Data) data files include follow-up information to that collected in Parts 1-5. The Part 9 (Date and Spell Data) data file provides data on the start and end dates of each period of education, each job, each period on welfare, and each relationship, and the Part 10 (Summary Longitudinal Data) data file summarizes some elements of the longitudinal data.
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The Changing Geography of American Immigration and its Effects on Violent Victimization: Evidence from the National Crime Victimization Survey, [United States], 1980-2012 (ICPSR 36579)

Released/updated on: 2018-03-16
Geographic coverage: United States
Time period: 1980-01-01--2010-01-01, 2007-01-01--2012-01-01, 2007-01-01--2012-01-01

These data are part of NACJD's Fast Track Release and are distributed as they were received from the data depositor. The files have been zipped by NACJD for release, but not checked or processed except for the removal of direct identifiers. Users should refer to the accompanying readme file for a brief description of the files available with this collection and consult the investigator(s) if further information is needed.

This project used data from multiple sources-the area-identified National Crime Victimization Survey (NCVS, 2008-2012), and data from other public data sources such as the American Community Survey (ACS) and the decennial Census data-to study how the changing geography of American immigration has influenced violent victimization among different racial and ethnic groups, particularly Blacks, Hispanics, and Whites.

This collection includes three Stata data files:

  1. "Data_File1_county_foreignborn_1980_2010.dta" with 6 variables and 3,103 cases
  2. "Data_File2_county_variables_2007_2012.dta" with 19 variables and 18,618 cases
  3. "Data_File3_tract_variables_2007_2012.dta" with 16 variables and 440,083 cases.

The area-identified NCVS data are only accessible through the Census Research Data Centers and could not be archived.

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County Characteristics, 2000-2007 [United States] (ICPSR 20660)

Released/updated on: 2008-01-24
Geographic coverage: United States
Time period: 2000-01-01--2007-01-01
This file contains an array of county characteristics by which researchers can investigate contextual influences at the county level. Included are population size and the components of population change during 2000-2005 and a wide range of characteristics on or about 2005: (1) population by age, sex, race, and Hispanic origin, (2) labor force size and unemployment, (3) personal income, (4) earnings and employment by industry, (5) land surface form topography, (6) climate, (7) government revenue and expenditures, (8) crimes reported to police, (9) presidential election results (10) housing authorized by building permits, (11) Medicare enrollment, and (12) health profession shortage areas.
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Cross-Site Evaluation of the Bureau of Justice Assistance Second Chance Act Adult Offender Reentry Demonstration Programs, United States, 2011-2016 (ICPSR 37042)

Released/updated on: 2021-07-29
Geographic coverage: United States, Massachusetts, Connecticut, Minnesota, California, Florida, New Jersey, Pennsylvania
Time period: 2011-01-01--2016-01-01

The cross-site evaluation of the Adult Offender Reentry Demonstration Projects (AORDP) was a seven-site study designed to 1) describe the implementation and sustainability of each AORDP project through a process evaluation, 2) determine the per capita program costs of each AORDP project through a cost study, and 3) determine the effectiveness of the programs through a multicomponent outcome study. The seven evaluation sites were located in California, Connecticut, Florida, Massachusetts, Minnesota, New Jersey, and Pennsylvania. The objectives of the outcome evaluation were to determine the effects of program participation on recidivism and other outcomes and assess whether program participation increased engagement in services, including substance abuse treatment and mental health services. The outcome evaluation consisted of two components:

1. Cross-site prospective study designed to collect longitudinal survey data with a sample of program participants and appropriate comparison or control subjects to assess the impact of the SCA funding on access to services and reentry outcomes, such as substance use, employment, housing, and health.

2. Site-specific recidivism analyses using administrative data to assess the impact of AORDP program participation on recidivism outcomes for all individuals enrolled in the AORDP programs and a matched comparison group in each site

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Efficacy of Court-Mandated Counseling for Domestic Violence Offenders in Broward County, Florida, 1997-1998 (ICPSR 21901)

Released/updated on: 2011-03-31
Geographic coverage: United States, Florida
Time period: 1997-05-01--1998-09-30
The ultimate purpose of the study was to test whether court-mandated counseling reduced the likelihood of repeat violence by men convicted of misdemeanor domestic violence. Researchers also tested the underlying theory arising from the reanalyses of the Minneapolis experiment (MINNEAPOLIS INTERVENTION PROJECT, 1986-1987 [ICPSR 9808]) and Spouse Assault Replication Programs (SARPs). This theory proposes that having a stake in conformity predicts when an intervention (whether an arrest or court-mandated treatment) will be effective in reducing the likelihood of subsequent violence. The study used a classical experimental design to test whether courts can effect change in men convicted of misdemeanor domestic violence by mandating them to participate in a spouse abuse abatement program (SAAP). All men convicted of misdemeanor domestic violence in Broward County, Florida, between May 1 and September 30, 1997, were randomly assigned to either an experimental or control group. The only exceptions were for those couples in which either defendant or victim did not speak English or Spanish; either defendant or victim was under 18 years of age; the defendant was severely mentally ill; or the judge, at the time of sentencing, allowed the defendant to move to another jurisdiction and serve his probation through mail contact. Of the remaining 404 defendants, men in the control group were sentenced to 1 year's probation and men in the experimental group were sentenced to 1 year's probation and mandated into one of the five local SAAPs. In an effort to determine the true amount of change in individuals undergoing court-mandated counseling, the researchers included various measures from several sources. Each batterer was interviewed at time of adjudication and again six months after adjudication. The victim was also interviewed at adjudication and 6 and 12 months after adjudication. Standardized measures with known reliability were used when possible. Probation records and computer checks with the local police for all new arrests were used to track the defendants for one year after adjudication. The defendant interviews asked questions to assess the defendant's stake in conformity including those dealing with his relationship to the victim, his employment, his residential stability and his relationship to others. Included in these interviews were questions from an abbreviated version of the Crowne-Marlowe Social Desirability Scale, the Shortened Attitudes Towards Women Scale, the Inventory of Beliefs About Wife Beating (IBWB), and the Revised Conflict Tactics Scale. The data file also includes questions dealing with offenders' perceptions of the fairness of the criminal justice process they had just been through, who they believed was responsible for the instant offense that brought them to court, and whether they felt coerced into the batterer's program. The victim interviews were similar to the defendants though most of the questions asked the victim to provide information about the offender and his relationship with her. The woman was also asked to provide information on her work history, who she regularly spent time with, whether she had spoken with family, friends, and neighbors about her relationship with the offender and, if she had, if they were critical of her or her partner's actions in the particular incident leading to this court case. Similar to the offender's interviews, victims were asked about the history of violence in their home of origin and the particular incident bringing the offender to court. The probation reports provided information on the offender's criminal history, behavior in the community for the year while under supervision, and compliance with the batterer program.
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Employment Services for Ex-Offenders, 1981-1984: Boston, Chicago, and San Diego (ICPSR 8619)

Released/updated on: 2006-01-18
Geographic coverage: San Diego, United States, Chicago, Illinois, Massachusetts, California, Boston
Time period: 1981-01-01--1984-01-01
This study was conducted to test whether job counseling and placement services, accompanied by intensive follow-up after placement, would significantly increase the effectiveness of employment programs for individuals recently released from prison. Data were collected on personal, criminal, and employment backgrounds, including the type, duration, and pay of previous employment, living arrangements, marital status, criminal history, and characteristics of the employment placement.
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An Examination of Child Support, Debt and Prisoner Reentry Using the SVORI Adult Male Dataset, 2004-2007 (United States) (ICPSR 36066)

Released/updated on: 2018-01-23
Geographic coverage: Indiana, United States, Oklahoma, Maine, Kansas, Washington, South Carolina, Pennsylvania, Iowa, Missouri, Ohio, Maryland, Nevada
Time period: 2004-01-01--2011-01-01

These data are part of NACJD's Fast Track Release and are distributed as they were received from the data depositor. The files have been zipped by NACJD for release, but not checked or processed except for the removal of direct identifiers. Users should refer to the accompanying readme file for a brief description of the files available with this collection and consult the investigator(s) if further information is needed.

This study is a secondary analysis of data from ICPSR Study Number 27101, Serious and Violent Offender Reentry Initiative (SVORI) Multi-site Impact Evaluation, 2004-2011 [United States]- specifically the adult male dataset -to examine the associations among child support obligations, employment and reentry outcomes. The study addressed the following research questions:

  1. Are the demographic, criminal justice and employment-related characteristics of incarcerated men with child support orders significantly different in any important way from incarcerated males without child support orders?
  2. Did SVORI clients receive more support and services related to child support orders and modification of debt after release from prison compared to non-SVORI participants?
  3. Does having legal child support obligations decrease the likelihood of employment in later waves, net of key demographic and criminal justice history factors?
  4. How does employment influence the relationship between child support debt and recidivism? and
  5. Is family instrumental support a significant predictor of reduced recidivism or increased employment in models assessing the relationship between child support obligations, employment and recidivism?

The study includes one document (Syntax_ChildSupport_Reentry_forICPSR_2012-IJ-CX-0012.docx) which contains SPSS and Stata syntax used to create research variables.

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Expanded Assessment of the Consequences of Imprisonment for Employment in Maricopa County, Arizona from 2011-2012 (ICPSR 35613)

Released/updated on: 2017-08-25
Geographic coverage: Phoenix, Maricopa County, Arizona
Time period: 2012-07-01--2012-09-01, 2011-01-01--2012-01-01, 2011-01-01--2012-01-01

These data are part of NACJD's Fast Track Release and are distributed as they were received from the data depositor. The files have been zipped by NACJD for release, but not checked or processed except for the removal of direct identifiers. Users should refer to the accompanying readme file for a brief description of the files available with this collection and consult the investigator(s) if further information is needed.

This research completed a three-year study of the impact of a prison record on gaining employment. It included two separate experiments and an employer survey in the research. The first experiment involved the submission of more than 6,000 online applications for entry-level jobs. The second experiment sent individuals (auditors) to apply for 60 jobs in-person. The third research method was a survey conducted among 49 employers, all of whom were included in the second experiment.

The collection contains 3 SPSS data files:

  1. file1-male_and_female_inperson_data.sav (n=518; 17 variables)
  2. file2-employer_survey-ICPSR.sav (n=48; 79 variables)
  3. file3-male_and_female_online_data.sav (n=6,198; 19 variables)
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Expenditure and Employment Data for the Criminal Justice System: CJEE Annual Files, 1971-1979 (ICPSR 7618)

Released/updated on: 2001-03-26
Geographic coverage: United States
Time period: 1971-01-01--1979-01-01
This survey provides information on criminal justice employment and expenditures for all states, counties, certain municipal governments, and Puerto Rico. Specific variables include full- and part-time employees and payroll, expenditures for current operations, capital outlay and contributions to employee benefits, and intergovernmental expenditures paid to state and local governments. Sectors represented in this survey include police protection, judicial services, legal services and prosecution, public defense, and corrections, as well as other criminal justice services.
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Expenditure and Employment Data for the Criminal Justice System: CJEE Individual Units File and Estimates File, 1985 (ICPSR 8650)

Released/updated on: 1993-03-04
Geographic coverage: United States
Time period: 1984-07-01--1985-06-30
This survey provides criminal justice expenditure and employment (CJEE) data and for all states, counties, and certain municipal governments. Specific variables include full- and part-time employees and payroll, expenditures for current operations, capital outlay and contributions to employee benefits, and intergovernmental expenditures paid to state and local governments. Sectors represented in this survey include police protection, judicial services, legal services and prosecution, public defense, and corrections, as well as other criminal justice services.
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Expenditure and Employment Data for the Criminal Justice System: CJEE individual Units File and Estimates File, 1988 (ICPSR 9446)

Released/updated on: 1996-12-19
Geographic coverage: United States
Time period: 1987-07-01--1988-06-30
This survey provides criminal justice expenditure and employment (CJEE) data for all states, counties, and certain municipal governments. Specific variables include full- and part-time employees and payroll, expenditures for current operations, capital outlay and contributions to employee benefits, and intergovernmental expenditures paid to state and local governments. Sectors represented in this survey include police protection, judicial services, legal services and prosecution, public defense, and corrections, as well as other criminal justice services.
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Expenditure and Employment Data for the Criminal Justice System: CJEE Longitudinal File, 1971-1979, 1985, 1988 (ICPSR 7636)

Released/updated on: 1996-11-21
Geographic coverage: United States
This survey provides criminal justice expenditure and employment (CJEE) data for all states and counties in the United States, certain municipal governments, and Puerto Rico. Specific variables include full- and part-time employees and payroll, expenditures for current operations, capital outlay, equipment, construction, land, and contributions to employee benefits, and intergovernmental expenditures paid to state and local governments. Sectors represented in this survey include police protection, judicial, legal services and prosecution, public defense, corrections, and other criminal justice services.
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Expenditure and Employment Data for the Criminal Justice System [United States]: CJEE Extracts File, 1982 (ICPSR 8382)

Released/updated on: 1997-02-13
Geographic coverage: United States
These criminal justice expenditure and employment (CJEE) data are taken from a special compilation of sources available from the Census Bureau's Annual Surveys of Governments, Finance Statistics and Employment Statistics. Levels of government covered are federal, state, county, municipal, and towns and townships. Information is included on total employment, total police protection, police protection with arrest powers, other police protection, judicial-legal employment, corrections employment, total expenditures, police protection expenditures, judicial-legal expenditures, and corrections expenditures. Types of expenditures include direct current, capital outlay, equipment, and intergovernmental. Types of employment include total, full-time, part-time, and full-time equivalent.
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Expenditure and Employment Data for the Criminal Justice System [United States]: CJEE Extracts File, 1983 (ICPSR 8455)

Released/updated on: 1997-04-14
Geographic coverage: United States
These criminal justice expenditure and employment (CJEE) data are taken from a special compilation of sources available from the Census Bureau's Annual Surveys of Governments, Finance Statistics and Employment Statistics. Levels of government covered are federal, state, county, municipal, and towns and townships. Information is included on total employment, total police protection, police protection with arrest powers, other police protection, judicial-legal employment, corrections employment, total expenditures, police protection expenditures, judicial-legal expenditures, and corrections expenditures. Types of expenditures include direct current, capital outlay, equipment, and intergovernmental. Types of employment include total, full-time, part-time, and full-time equivalent.
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Expenditure and Employment Data for the Criminal Justice System [United States]: CJEE Extracts File, 1984 (ICPSR 9162)

Released/updated on: 1998-04-20
Geographic coverage: United States
Time period: 1983-07-01--1984-06-30
These criminal justice expenditure and employment (CJEE) data are taken from a special compilation of sources available from the Census Bureau's Annual Surveys of Governments, Finance Statistics and Employment Statistics. Levels of government covered are federal, state, county, municipal, and towns and townships. Information is included on total employment, total police protection, police protection with arrest powers, other police protection, judicial-legal employment, corrections employment, total expenditures, police protection expenditures, judicial-legal expenditures, and corrections expenditures. Types of expenditures include direct current, capital outlay, equipment, and intergovernmental. Types of employment include total, full-time, part-time, and full-time equivalent.
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Expenditure and Employment Data for the Criminal Justice System [United States]: CJEE Extracts File, 1985 (ICPSR 9161)

Released/updated on: 1998-05-20
Geographic coverage: United States
Time period: 1984-07-01--1985-06-30
These criminal justice expenditure and employment (CJEE) data are taken from a special compilation of sources available from the Census Bureau's Annual Surveys of Governments, Finance Statistics and Employment Statistics. Levels of government covered are federal, state, county, municipal, and towns and townships. Information is included on total employment, total police protection, police protection with arrest powers, other police protection, judicial-legal employment, corrections employment, total expenditures, police protection expenditures, judicial-legal expenditures, and corrections expenditures. Types of expenditures include direct current, capital outlay, equipment, and intergovernmental. Types of employment include total, full-time, part-time, and full-time equivalent.
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Expenditure and Employment Data for the Criminal Justice System [United States]: CJEE Extracts File, 1986 (ICPSR 9160)

Released/updated on: 2005-11-04
Geographic coverage: United States
Time period: 1985-07-01--1986-06-30
These criminal justice expenditure and employment (CJEE) data are taken from a special compilation of sources available from the Census Bureau's Annual Surveys of Governments, Finance Statistics and Employment Statistics. Levels of government covered are federal, state, county, municipal, and towns and townships. Information is included on total employment, total police protection, police protection with arrest powers, other police protection, judicial-legal employment, corrections employment, total expenditures, police protection expenditures, judicial-legal expenditures, and corrections expenditures. Types of expenditures include direct current, capital outlay, equipment, and intergovernmental. Types of employment include total, full-time, part-time, and full-time equivalent.
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Expenditure and Employment Data for the Criminal Justice System [United States]: CJEE Extracts File, 1987 (ICPSR 9396)

Released/updated on: 1997-12-12
Geographic coverage: United States
These criminal justice expenditure and employment (CJEE) data are taken from a special compilation of sources available from the Census Bureau's Annual Surveys of Governments, Finance Statistics and Employment Statistics. Levels of government covered are federal, state, county, municipal, and towns and townships. Information is included on total employment, total police protection, police protection with arrest powers, other police protection, judicial-legal employment, corrections employment, total expenditures, police protection expenditures, judicial-legal expenditures, and corrections expenditures. Types of expenditures include direct current, capital outlay, equipment, and intergovernmental. Types of employment include total, full-time, part-time, and full-time equivalent.
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Expenditure and Employment Data for the Criminal Justice System [United States]: CJEE Extracts File, 1988 (ICPSR 9554)

Released/updated on: 1997-08-25
Geographic coverage: United States
These criminal justice expenditure and employment (CJEE) data are taken from a special compilation of sources available from the Census Bureau's Annual Surveys of Governments, Finance Statistics and Employment Statistics. Levels of government covered are federal, state, county, municipal, and towns and townships. Information is included on total employment, total police protection, police protection with arrest powers, other police protection, judicial-legal employment, corrections employment, total expenditures, police protection expenditures, judicial-legal expenditures, and corrections expenditures. Types of expenditures include direct current, capital outlay, equipment, and intergovernmental. Types of employment include total, full-time, part-time, and full-time equivalent.
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Expenditure and Employment Data for the Criminal Justice System [United States]: CJEE Extracts File, 1989 (ICPSR 9773)

Released/updated on: 2004-04-07
Geographic coverage: United States
These criminal justice expenditure and employment (CJEE) data are taken from a special compilation of sources available from the Census Bureau's Annual Surveys of Governments, Finance Statistics and Employment Statistics. Levels of government covered are federal, state, county, municipal, and towns and townships. Information is included on total employment, total police protection, police protection with arrest powers, other police protection, judicial-legal employment, corrections employment, total expenditures, police protection expenditures, judicial-legal expenditures, and corrections expenditures. Types of expenditures include direct current, capital outlay, equipment, and intergovernmental. Types of employment include total, full-time, part-time, and full-time equivalent.
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Expenditure and Employment Data for the Criminal Justice System [United States]: CJEE Extracts File, 1990 (ICPSR 6006)

Released/updated on: 1993-05-13
Geographic coverage: United States
These criminal justice expenditure and employment (CJEE) data are taken from a special compilation of sources available from the Census Bureau's Annual Surveys of Governments, Finance Statistics and Employment Statistics. Levels of government covered are federal, state, county, municipal, and towns and townships. Information is included on total employment, total police protection, police protection with arrest powers, other police protection, judicial-legal employment, corrections employment, total expenditures, police protection expenditures, judicial-legal expenditures, and corrections expenditures. Types of expenditures include direct current, capital outlay, equipment, and intergovernmental. Types of employment include total, full-time, part-time, and full-time equivalent.
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Expenditure and Employment Data for the Criminal Justice System [United States]: CJEE Extracts File, 1991 (ICPSR 6259)

Released/updated on: 1994-05-20
Geographic coverage: United States
These criminal justice expenditure and employment (CJEE) data are taken from a special compilation of sources available from the Census Bureau's Annual Surveys of Governments, Finance Statistics and Employment Statistics. Levels of government covered are federal, state, county, municipal, and towns and townships. Information is included on total employment, total police protection, police protection with arrest powers, other police protection, judicial-legal employment, corrections employment, total expenditures, police protection expenditures, judicial-legal expenditures, and corrections expenditures. Types of expenditures include direct current, capital outlay, equipment, and intergovernmental. Types of employment include total, full-time, part-time, and full-time equivalent.
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Expenditure and Employment Data for the Criminal Justice System [United States]: CJEE Extracts File, 1992 (ICPSR 6579)

Released/updated on: 1996-01-22
Geographic coverage: United States
These criminal justice expenditure and employment (CJEE) data are taken from a special compilation of sources available from the Census Bureau's Annual Surveys of Governments, Finance Statistics and Employment Statistics. Levels of government covered are federal, state, county, municipal, and towns and townships. Information is included on total employment, total police protection, police protection with arrest powers, other police protection, judicial-legal employment, corrections employment, total expenditures, police protection expenditures, judicial-legal expenditures, and corrections expenditures. Types of expenditures include direct current, capital outlay, equipment, and intergovernmental. Types of employment include total, full-time, part-time, and full-time equivalent.
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Expenditure and Employment Data for the Criminal Justice System [United States]: CJEE Extracts File, 1993 (ICPSR 6795)

Released/updated on: 2007-04-18
Geographic coverage: United States
This file provides data on federal, state, and local governmental expenditures and employment for criminal justice activities in the United States. Information is supplied on police protection, judicial and legal services, and correctional institutions and agencies. Variables describing each of these criminal justice functions include number of and payroll for full-time, part-time, and full-time equivalent employees, current total and general expenditures, capital outlay, and intergovernmental expenditures.
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Expenditure and Employment Data for the Criminal Justice System [United States]: CJEE Extracts File, 1994 (ICPSR 2257)

Released/updated on: 2001-02-01
Geographic coverage: United States
This file provides data on federal, state, and local governmental expenditures and employment for criminal justice activities in the United States. Information is supplied on police protection, judicial and legal services, and correctional institutions and agencies. Variables describing each of these criminal justice functions include number of and payroll for full-time, part-time, and full-time equivalent employees, current total and general expenditures, capital outlay, and intergovernmental expenditures.
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Expenditure and Employment Data for the Criminal Justice System [United States]: CJEE Extracts File, 1995 (ICPSR 2840)

Released/updated on: 2001-01-25
Geographic coverage: United States
This file provides data on federal, state, and local governmental expenditures and employment for criminal justice activities in the United States. Information is supplied on police protection, judicial and legal services, and correctional institutions and agencies. Variables describing each of these criminal justice functions include number of and payroll for full-time, part-time, and full-time equivalent employees, current total and general expenditures, capital outlay, and intergovernmental expenditures.
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Expenditure and Employment Data for the Criminal Justice System [United States]: CJEE Extracts File, 1996 (ICPSR 3063)

Released/updated on: 2001-08-24
Geographic coverage: United States
This file provides data on federal, state, and local governmental expenditures and employment for criminal justice activities in the United States. Information is supplied on police protection, judicial and legal services, and correctional institutions and agencies. Variables describing each of these criminal justice functions include number of and payroll for full-time, part-time, and full-time equivalent employees, current total and general expenditures, capital outlay, and intergovernmental expenditures.
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Expenditure and Employment Data for the Criminal Justice System [United States]: CJEE Extracts File, 1997 (ICPSR 3229)

Released/updated on: 2001-08-06
Geographic coverage: United States
This file provides data on federal, state, and local governmental expenditures and employment for criminal justice activities in the United States. Information is supplied on police protection, judicial and legal services, and correctional institutions and agencies. Variables describing each of these criminal justice functions include number of and payroll for full-time, part-time, and full-time equivalent employees, current total and general expenditures, capital outlay, and intergovernmental expenditures.
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Expenditure and Employment Data for the Criminal Justice System [United States]: CJEE Extracts File, 1998 (ICPSR 3408)

Released/updated on: 2002-06-07
Geographic coverage: United States
This file provides data on federal, state, and local governmental expenditures and employment for criminal justice activities in the United States. Information is supplied on police protection, judicial and legal services, and correctional institutions and agencies. Variables describing each of these criminal justice functions include number of and payroll for full-time, part-time, and full-time-equivalent employees, current total and general expenditures, capital outlay, and intergovernmental expenditures.
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Expenditure and Employment Data for the Criminal Justice System [United States]: CJEE Extracts File, 1999 (ICPSR 3409)

Released/updated on: 2002-06-07
Geographic coverage: United States
This file provides data on federal, state, and local governmental expenditures and employment for criminal justice activities in the United States. Information is supplied on police protection, judicial and legal services, and correctional institutions and agencies. Variables describing each of these criminal justice functions include number of and payroll for full-time, part-time, and full-time-equivalent employees, current total and general expenditures, capital outlay, and intergovernmental expenditures.
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Expenditure and Employment Data for the Criminal Justice System [United States]: CJEE Extracts File, 2000 (ICPSR 3961)

Released/updated on: 2004-05-05
Geographic coverage: United States
This file provides data on federal, state, and local governmental expenditures and employment for criminal justice activities in the United States. Information is supplied on police protection, judicial and legal services, and correctional institutions and agencies. Variables describing each of these criminal justice functions include number of and payroll for full-time, part-time, and full-time-equivalent employees, current total and general expenditures, capital outlay, and intergovernmental expenditures.
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Expenditure and Employment Data for the Criminal Justice System [United States]: CJEE Extracts File, 2001 (ICPSR 3962)

Released/updated on: 2004-04-28
Geographic coverage: United States
This file provides data on federal, state, and local governmental expenditures and employment for criminal justice activities in the United States. Information is supplied on police protection, judicial and legal services, and correctional institutions and agencies. Variables describing each of these criminal justice functions include number of, and payroll for, full-time, part-time, and full-time-equivalent employees, current total and general expenditures, capital outlay, and intergovernmental expenditures.
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Expenditure and Employment Data for the Criminal Justice System [United States]: CJEE Extracts File, 2002 (ICPSR 4365)

Released/updated on: 2005-12-19
Geographic coverage: United States
This file provides data on federal, state, and local governmental expenditures and employment for criminal justice activities in the United States. Information is supplied on police protection, judicial and legal services, and correctional institutions and agencies. Variables describing each of these criminal justice functions include number of, and payroll for, full-time, part-time, and full-time-equivalent employees, current total and general expenditures, capital outlay, and intergovernmental expenditures.
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Expenditure and Employment Data for the Criminal Justice System [United States]: CJEE Extracts File, 2003 (ICPSR 4366)

Released/updated on: 2005-12-19
Geographic coverage: United States
This file provides data on federal, state, and local governmental expenditures and employment for criminal justice activities in the United States. Information is supplied on police protection, judicial and legal services, and correctional institutions and agencies. Variables describing each of these criminal justice functions include number of, and payroll for, full-time, part-time, and full-time-equivalent employees, current total and general expenditures, capital outlay, and intergovernmental expenditures.
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Experience of Violence in the Lives of Homeless Persons: The Florida Four City Study, 2003-2004 (ICPSR 20363)

Released/updated on: 2010-11-22
Geographic coverage: United States, Orlando, Florida, Tampa, Jacksonville, Miami
Time period: 2003-01-01--2004-01-01
The primary goal of this study was to develop an understanding of the role of violence in the lives of homeless women and men. The objectives were to determine how many women and men have experienced some form of violence in their lives either as children or adults, the factors associated with experiences of violence, the consequences of violence, and the types of interactions with the justice system. The survey sample was comprised of about 200 face-to-face interviews with homeless women in each of four Florida cities (Jacksonville, Miami, Orlando, and Tampa). In all, 737 women were interviewed. In addition, 91 face-to-face interviews with homeless men were also conducted only in Orlando. For Part 1 (Female Interviews), the data include information related to the respondent's living conditions in the past month, as well as experiences with homelessness, childhood violence, adult violence, forced sexual situations, and stalking. Additional variables include basic demographic information, a self-report of criminal history, information related to how the respondent spent her days and evenings, and the physical environment surrounding the respondent during the day and evening. For Part 2 (Male Interviews), the data include much of the same information as was collected in Part 1. Information from Part 1 not included in Part 2 primarily includes questions pertaining to experience with forced sexual situations, and questions related to pregnancy and children.
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Explaining Developmental Crime Trajectories at Places: A Study of "Crime Waves" and "Crime Drops" at Micro Units of Geography in Seattle, Washington, 1989-2004 (ICPSR 28161)

Released/updated on: 2013-08-05
Geographic coverage: Seattle, United States, Washington
Time period: 1989-01-01--2004-01-01
This study extends a prior National Institute (NIJ) funded study on mirco level places that examined the concentration of crime at places over time. The current study links longitudinal crime data to a series of other databases. The purpose of the study was to examine the possible correlates of variability in crime trends over time. The focus was on how crime distributes across very small units of geography. Specifically, this study investigated the geographic distribution of crime and the specific correlates of crime at the micro level of geography. The study reported on a large empirical study that investigated the "criminology of place." The study linked 16 years of official crime data on street segments (a street block between two intersections) in Seattle, Washington, to a series of datasets examining social and physical characteristics of micro places over time, and examined not only the geography of developmental patterns of crime at place but also the specific factors that are related to different trajectories of crime. The study used two key criminological perspectives, social disorganization theories and opportunity theories, to inform their identification of risk factors in the study and then contrast the impacts of these perspectives in the context of multivariate statistical models.
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Impact of Intimate Partner Violence on Women's Labor Force Participation in Illinois, 1999-2002 (ICPSR 4126)

Released/updated on: 2012-05-23
Geographic coverage: United States, Illinois
Time period: 1999-01-01--2000-01-01

The first goal of this study was to identify the incidence of partner violence among Temporary Assistance for Needy Families (TANF) recipients over a three-year period. The second goal of this study was to examine the impact of partner violence on women's labor force participation over time. A final goal of this research was to explore the short and longer-term consequences of victimization on women's employment and economic well-being, as well as their physical and mental health.

This study used the first three years of data from the Illinois Families Study (IFS). The first of the annual surveys was administered between November 1999 and September 2000, the second between February 2001 and September 2001, and the third between February 2002 and September 2002.

The three data files contain very similar information including such items as a household roster, housing and neighborhood characteristics, employment, literacy and skills, parenting, and children. There is also information related to the respondent's history, health, self-efficacy, life events, experiences with domestic violence, civic participation and social support, income resources, and experiences with welfare.

The Part 1 (Wave 1 Data) data file contains 1,323 cases and 942 variables. The Part 2 (Wave 2 Data) data file contains 1,183 cases and 763 variables. The Part 3 (Wave 3 Data) data file contains 1,072 cases and 778 variables.

Additional information about the Illinois Families Study (IFS) is available on the IFS Web site.

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The Impact of Juvenile Correctional Confinement on the Transition to Adulthood and Desistance from Crime, 1994-2008 [United States] (ICPSR 36401)

Released/updated on: 2016-09-27
Geographic coverage: United States
Time period: 1994-01-01--2008-01-01

These data are part of NACJD's Fast Track Release and are distributed as they were received from the data depositor. The files have been zipped by NACJD for release, but not checked or processed except for the removal of direct identifiers. Users should refer to the accompanying readme file for a brief description of the files available with this collection and consult the investigator(s) if further information is needed.

To assess "double transition" (the transition from confinement to community in addition to the transition from adolescence to adulthood), the study used nationally representative data from the National Longitudinal Study of Adolescent Health (Add Health) to compare psychosocial maturity for three groups: approximately 162 adolescents placed in correctional confinement, 398 young adults who reported an arrest before age 18 but no juvenile correctional confinement, and 11,614 youths who reported no arrests before age 18.

Three dimensions of psychosocial maturity (responsibility, temperance, and perspective) were assessed at Waves 1 (baseline) and Wave 3 (post-confinement) in models assessing the effects of confinement on the attainment (or non-attainment) of markers of successful transition to adulthood at Wave 4.

Results were contextualized with data from the Survey of Youth in Residential Facilities and discussed with respect to the role of confinement in interrupting the development of psychosocial maturity in the transition to adulthood and for young adult attainment more generally.

There are no data files available with this study. Only syntax files used by the researchers are provided.

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Impact of Legal Representation on Child Custody Decisions among Families with a History of Intimate Partner Violence in King County, Washington, 2000-2010 (ICPSR 35356)

Released/updated on: 2017-06-13
Geographic coverage: United States, King County, Washington

These data are part of NACJD's Fast Track Release and are distributed as they there received from the data depositor. The files have been zipped by NACJD for release, but not checked or processed except of the removal of direct identifiers. Users should refer to the accompany readme file for a brief description of the files available with this collections and consult the investigator(s) if further information is needed.

The major aim of this study was to test the hypothesis that legal representation of the Intimate Partner Violence (IPV) victim in child custody decisions leads to greater legal protections being awarded in these decisions compared to similar cases of unrepresented IPV victims. A retrospective cohort study was conducted among King County couples with minor children filing for marriage dissolution in King County, Washington between January 1, 2000 and December 31, 2010 who had a history of police or court documented intimate partner violence (IPV). The study examined the separate effects of private legal representation and legal aid representation relative to propensity score-matched, unrepresented comparison subjects. Primary study outcomes were measured at the time the first "Final Parenting Plan" was awarded. Researchers also examined the two-year period post-decree among the subset of cases with filing between January 1, 2000 and December 31, 2009 for post-decree court proceedings indicative of continued child custody or visitation disputes.

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Intergenerational Study of Parents and Children, 1962-1993: [Detroit] (ICPSR 9902)

Released/updated on: 2005-11-04
Geographic coverage: Detroit, United States, Michigan
Time period: 1962-01-01--1993-01-01
This data collection provides information on family formation and dissolution among young adults. Families who had given birth to their first, second, or fourth child in 1961 comprised the group of Detroit-area Caucasian couples who were interviewed and surveyed over the period 1962-1993. The resulting longitudinal study encompasses seven waves of data collected from mothers across the entire span of their offspring's childhood. Included are demographic, social, and economic information about the parental family, information about the attitudes, values, and behavior of both the mother and the father, and information about the mother's desires and expectations for her child's education, career attainments, and marriage. The collection also offers three waves of interview data collected from the children at ages 18 through 23. These data describe the young adults' attitudes and values, their expectations for school, work, marriage, and childbearing, and their perceptions of their parents' willingness to be of assistance to them. Life history calendar files for 1985 and 1993 detail the young adults' periods of cohabitation, marriage, separation, divorce, childbearing, living arrangements, education, paid employment, and military service.
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Long-term Mentoring Relationships and Extending the Impacts of the Youth Mentoring Experience into Young Adulthood, Missouri, 2017-2019 (ICPSR 37839)

Released/updated on: 2021-09-15
Geographic coverage: United States, Missouri
Time period: 2017-01-01--2019-01-01
The focus of this study is on the relationship between participants in a mentoring program for youths at risk and program staff. A motive for this study is to determine the existence of a genuine long-term impact between these two groups. Although numerous mentoring programs argue that there are benefits to their existence, there had been previously little data to justify these claims. This study contains a mixture of statistical data and qualitative information.
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Michigan Study of Life After Prison, Administrative Data on 2003 Cohort of Michigan Parolees (ICPSR 32681)

Released/updated on: 2019-03-28
Geographic coverage: United States, Michigan

These data are part of NACJD's Fast Track Release and are distributed as they were received from the data depositor. The files have been zipped by NACJD for release, but not checked or processed except for the removal of direct identifiers. Users should refer to the accompanying readme file for a brief description of files available with this collection and consult the investigator(s) if further information is needed.

The Michigan Study of Life After Prison examined the association between neighborhood context and outcomes related to employment and recidivism among the cohort of former prisoners released on parole from Michigan state prisons in one calendar year (2003), controlling for pre-incarceration neighborhood context, local labor market conditions, and a large set of individual characteristics. The primary goals of this study were to answer two questions: (1) "Are ex-offenders who are released to more disadvantaged neighborhoods (those with greater poverty, unemployment, residential turnover, etc.) more likely to recidivate?" (2) "Are ex-offenders who are released to more disadvantaged neighborhoods less likely to gain stable employment?" This research sought to supplement available literature on prisoner reentry and criminal desistance, which the researchers posit existing literature has largely ignored the role that neighborhoods play in shaping the recidivism and employment of returning prisoners.

The 31 data files included as part of this collection are as follows:

Cleaned Data Files:

  • casenotearrestsreps1-4_ICPSR-EDITED.dta: 4,932 Cases, 12 Variables
  • casenotearrestsreps5-8_ICPSR-EDITED.dta: 5,302 Cases, 13 Variables
  • casenotearrestsrep9_ICPSR-EDITED.dta: 2,321 Cases, 13 Variables
  • casenoteemploymentreps1-4_ICPSR-EDITED.dta: 4,871 Cases, 28 Variables
  • casenoteemploymentreps5-8_ICPSR-EDITED.dta: 4,754 Cases, 23 Variables
  • casenoteemploymentrep9_ICPSR-EDITED.dta: 2,610 Cases, 23 Variables
  • cleanedcasenoteaddressesreps1-8_ICPSR-EDITED.dta: 50,207 Cases, 72 Variables
  • cleanedcasenoteaddressesrep9_ICPSR-EDITED.dta: 10,309 Cases, 69 Variables
  • preprisonaddress_all_ICPSR-EDITED.dta: 5,183 Cases, 30 Variables
  • preprisonaddress_all_rep9_ICPSR-EDITED.dta: 1,017 Cases, 63 Variables
  • postprisads_ICPSR-EDITED.dta: 11,064 Cases, 41 Variables
  • cleaned-demographics-population_ICPSR-EDITED.dta: 11,064 Cases, 57 Variables
  • simplecrimhistory.dta: 11,064 Cases, 4 Variables
  • popSAhistory.dta: 11,064 Cases, 8 Variables
  • deathdates_ICPSR-EDITED.dta: 308 Cases, 3 Variables
  • popprisonenterdates.dta: 11,064 Cases, 7 Variables
  • discharge dates.dta: 7,369 Cases, 5 Variables
  • parole and release dates for pop.dta: 11,064 cases, 3 Variables
  • mdoc_recidivism_measures.dta: 11,064 Cases, 6 Variables
  • recidivism dates from transits.dta: 11,064 Cases, 8 Variables
  • recidivism from bir.dta: 11,064 Cases, 3 Variables
  • sample marker.dta: 3,689 Cases, 2 Variables
  • samplereps.dta: 3,689 Cases, 2 Variables
  • tta_rsid_rep.dta: 1,363 Cases, 2 Variables

  • Contextual Data Files:

  • Complete.data.file.dta: 2,757 Cases, 1,055 Variables
  • countyemployment.dta: 10,956 Cases, 6 Variables
  • places.dta: 5,004 Cases, 5 Variables
  • TractDataInterpolated-long.dta: 57,036 Cases, 50 Variables
  • TractDataInterpolated-wide.dta: 2,716 Cases, 1,009 Variables
  • tractscales2000.dta: 2,716 Cases, 49 Variables
  • urbanicity + density.dta: 2,716 Cases, 9 Variables

  • Demographic variables included: gender, race, educational attainment, age, employment, and marital status.

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    Monitoring the Future: Base Year & Follow-Up Core Panel Data, Ages 18-30, United States, 1976-2021 [Restricted-Use] (ICPSR 39223)

    Released/updated on: 2025-07-02
    Geographic coverage: United States
    Time period: 1976-01-01--2021-01-01

    The Monitoring the Future (MTF) project is a long-term epidemiologic and etiologic study of substance use among youth and adults in the United States. It is conducted at the University of Michigan's Institute for Social Research and is funded by a series of investigator-initiated research grants from the National Institute on Drug Abuse.

    The MTF panel study consists of six different survey forms (five forms from 1976-1988), and each survey contains a "core" set of questions about demographics and substance use. This study contains the "core" data for these questions compiled across all survey forms and years in which they are included for the longitudinal panel participants. Each record in the core panel dataset includes the respondent's data for their base year (BY) 12th grade survey (modal age 18) and their young adult follow-up FU surveys (modal ages 19-30).

    The core panel dataset should be selected by all researchers. Use the linking variable available on all datasets, MTFID, to link the core dataset with all other MTF panel datasets.

    Here is a list of subjects included in the core dataset:

    Administrative variables

    • Year of administration
    • Survey form
    • Survey date
    • BY survey weight, sampling stratum and cluster
    • FU panel analysis weights

    Demographics

    BY only

    • #Parents in household
    • Parent education levels
    • Respondent's age in months
    • Sex
    • Race/Ethnicity
    • Region of the country (school location)
    • Population density/Urbanicity (school location)
    • High school Zip Code, State and County FIPS codes (can be linked to user-provided data; results can be reported at no unit smaller than US geographical region)
    • Absenteeism (illness, cutting, skipping class)
    • High school program, Grades, post-high school plans

    FU only

    • Pregnancy status
    • Household type
    • Urbanicity
    • Absenteeism (missing work due to illness, other)
    • Vocational/Technical education, Armed forces, College attendance
    • College grades, attendance, Greek life

    BY and FU

    • Marital status
    • Household composition
    • Political preference
    • Religious attendance, importance, preference
    • Evenings out, Dating
    • Employment
    • Salary/earned Income and Other Income
    • Driving, tickets, and accidents related to alcohol and other substance use

    Substance use

    • Cigarette use
    • Alcohol use (including binge drinking (e.g. 5+ drinks in a row/2 weeks), drunkenness)
    • Marijuana/cannabis, hashish use
    • LSD use
    • Hallucinogen use, other than LSD
    • Cocaine use (including cocaine, crack, other forms)
    • Amphetamine use
    • Sedatives/Barbiturate use
    • Tranquilizer use
    • Heroin use (with and without needles)
    • Narcotics use (other than Heroin)
    • Inhalant use
    • Steroid use
    • Ice use
    • Methamphetamine use
    • MDMA use
    • Vaping: nicotine, marijuana, flavoring

    Please see the study documentation available on the MTF Panel series page for question-specific details.

    More information about the MTF project can be accessed through the Monitoring the Future website. Annual reports are published by the research team, describing the data collection and trends over time.

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    Monitoring the Future: Restricted-Use Panel Data, United States, 1976-2019 (ICPSR 37072)

    Released/updated on: 2023-03-27
    Geographic coverage: United States
    Time period: 1976-01-01--2019-01-01

    The Monitoring the Future (MTF) project is a long-term epidemiologic and etiologic study of substance use among youth and adults in the United States. It is conducted at the University of Michigan's Institute for Social Research, and funded by a series of investigator-initiated research grants from the National Institute on Drug Abuse. MTF has two components: MTF Main and MTF Panel.

    From its inception in 1975, the cross-sectional MTF Main study has collected data annually from nationally representative samples of 12,000-19,000 high school seniors in 12th grade located in approximately 135 schools nationwide. Beginning in 1991, similar annual cross-sectional surveys of nationally representative samples of 8th and 10th graders have been conducted. In all, approximately 45,000 students annually respond to about 100 drug use and demographic questions, as well as to about 200 additional questions divided among multiple survey forms on other topics such as attitudes toward government, social institutions, race relations, changing gender roles, educational aspirations, occupational aims, and marital plans.

    The longitudinal MTF Panel study conducts follow-up surveys with representative subsamples of respondents from each 12th grade cohort participating in MTF Main. From each cohort, a sample of about 2,450 students are selected for longitudinal follow-up, with an oversampling of students who reported prior drug use during their 12th grade survey. Longitudinal follow-up currently spans modal ages 19-30 and 35-60. For surveys at modal ages 19-30, the sample is randomly split into two halves (approx. 1,225 each) to be followed every other year. One half-sample begins its first follow-up the year after high school (at modal age 19), and the other half-sample begins its first follow-up in the second year after high school (at modal age 20). Thus, six young adult follow-up (FU) surveys occur between modal ages 19-30, at modal ages 19/20 (FU1), 21/22 (FU2), 23/24 (FU3), 25/26 (FU4), 27/28 (FU5), and 29/30 (FU6). After age 30, respondents are surveyed every five years: 35, 40, 45, 50, 55, and 60 (these are referred to as FZ surveys). The FZ surveys cover many of the same topics as the 12th grade and FU surveys and include additional questions on life events and health.

    MTF Panel surveys for the young adults (ages 19-30) were conducted using mailed paper surveys from 1977-2017. In 2018 and 2019, a random half of all those aged 19-30 received a mailed paper survey, while the other half were surveyed using a new procedure that encouraged participation using web surveys (web-push). The FZ surveys (ages 35-60) were conducted using mailed paper surveys through the 2019 data collection.

    More information about the MTF project can be accessed through the Monitoring the Future website. Annual reports are published by the research team, describing the data collection and trends over time.

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    National Evaluation of Prison Industry Enhancement Certification Program (PIECP), 1996-2003 [United States] (ICPSR 20740)

    Released/updated on: 2009-01-29
    Geographic coverage: United States
    Time period: 1996-01-01--2003-06-01
    The goal of this study was to conduct a national empirical assessment of post-release employment and recidivism effects based on legislative intent for inmates participating in Prison Industries Enhancement Certification Program (PIECP) as compared to participants in traditional industries (TI) and those involved in other than work (OTW) activities. The research design for this study was a quasi-experimental design using matched samples. The inmates were matched using six criteria. Exact matches were made on race, gender, crime type, and category matches on age, time served, and number of disciplinary reports. A cluster sampling strategy was used for site selection. This strategy resulted in a selection of five states which were not identified in the study. The researchers then collected data on 6,464 individuals by completing record reviews of outcomes for the 3 matched samples, each of approximately 2,200 inmates released from 46 prisons across 5 PIECP states between January 1, 1996, and June 30, 2001. Variables include demographic information, time incarcerated, number of disciplinary reports, crime type, number of major disciplinary reports reviewed, group type, number of quarters from release to employment, censored variables, number of quarters from employed to job loss, time from release variables, number of possible follow-up quarters, proportion of follow-up time worked, wage variables, number of quarters worked variables, no work ever, and cluster number of case.
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    National Supported Work Evaluation Study, 1975-1979: Public Use Files (ICPSR 7865)

    Released/updated on: 2009-02-02
    Geographic coverage: United States, Chicago, California, Oakland, New York (state), New Jersey, Pennsylvania, New York City, Atlanta, Illinois, Connecticut, Hartford, Georgia, Wisconsin, Philadelphia
    Time period: 1975-01-01--1979-01-01
    This study is an evaluation of the National Supported Work Demonstration project, a transitional, subsidized work experience program for four target groups of people with longstanding employment problems: ex-offenders, former drug addicts, women who were long-term recipients of welfare benefits, and school dropouts, many with criminal records. The program provided up to 12-18 months of employment to about 10,000 individuals at 15 locations across the country for four years. In ten of these sites -- Atlanta, Chicago, Hartford, Jersey City, Newark, New York, Philadelphia, Oakland, San Francisco, and Wisconsin, 6,600 eligible applicants were randomly assigned either to experimental groups (offered a job in supported work) or to control groups, and an evaluation was conducted on the effects of the Supported Work Program. At the time of enrollment, each respondent was given a retrospective baseline interview, generally covering the previous two years, followed by up to four follow-up interviews scheduled at nine-month intervals. Two public use files were originally distributed for this data collection: Supported Work Employment and Earnings File, and Supported Work Deviant Behavior File. Each file contained data for up to five interviews, a cross-document dataset and an Aid to Families with Dependent Children (AFDC) recipients follow-up. The Employment and Earnings File contains data from all interview modules except the drug and crime sections, and the Deviant Behavior File contains all variables on the Employment and Earnings File as well as additional information on drugs and crime. Aid to Families with Dependent Children (AFDC) recipients were further asked about children in school and welfare participation, while all non-AFDC respondents were questioned about any extralegal activities. Demographic items specify age, sex, race, marital status, education, number of children, employment history, job search, job training, mobility, household income, welfare assistance, housing, military discharge status, and drug use. Each respondent has up to six logical, fixed-length records, with each record corresponding to a completed interview (up to five) and one additional short "cross-document" record. A User's Guide describing the collection and its components is available and should be read before the collection or any part of it is ordered.
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    National Survey on Drug Use and Health, 2006 (ICPSR 21240)

    Released/updated on: 2013-06-21
    Geographic coverage: United States
    The National Survey on Drug Use and Health (NSDUH) series (formerly titled National Household Survey on Drug Abuse) primarily measures the prevalence and correlates of drug use in the United States. The surveys are designed to provide quarterly, as well as annual, estimates. Information is provided on the use of illicit drugs, alcohol, and tobacco among members of United States households aged 12 and older. Questions included age at first use as well as lifetime, annual, and past-month usage for the following drug classes: marijuana, cocaine (and crack), hallucinogens, heroin, inhalants, alcohol, tobacco, and nonmedical use of prescription drugs, including pain relievers, tranquilizers, stimulants, and sedatives. The survey covered substance abuse treatment history and perceived need for treatment, and included questions from the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual (DSM) of Mental Disorders that allow diagnostic criteria to be applied. The survey included questions concerning treatment for both substance abuse and mental health related disorders. Respondents were also asked about personal and family income sources and amounts, health care access and coverage, illegal activities and arrest record, problems resulting from the use of drugs, and needle-sharing. Questions introduced in previous administrations were retained in the 2006 survey, including questions asked only of respondents aged 12 to 17. These "youth experiences" items covered a variety of topics, such as neighborhood environment, illegal activities, drug use by friends, social support, extracurricular activities, exposure to substance abuse prevention and education programs, and perceived adult attitudes toward drug use and activities such as school work. Several measures focused on prevention-related themes in this section. Also retained were questions on mental health and access to care, perceived risk of using drugs, perceived availability of drugs, driving and personal behavior, and cigar smoking. Questions on the tobacco brand used most often were introduced with the 1999 survey. Background information includes gender, race, age, ethnicity, marital status, educational level, job status, veteran status, and current household composition.
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    National Survey on Drug Use and Health, 2007 (ICPSR 23782)

    Released/updated on: 2015-11-23
    Geographic coverage: United States
    The National Survey on Drug Use and Health (NSDUH) series (formerly titled National Household Survey on Drug Abuse) primarily measures the prevalence and correlates of drug use in the United States. The surveys are designed to provide quarterly, as well as annual, estimates. Information is provided on the use of illicit drugs, alcohol, and tobacco among members of United States households aged 12 and older. Questions included age at first use as well as lifetime, annual, and past-month usage for the following drug classes: marijuana, cocaine (and crack), hallucinogens, heroin, inhalants, alcohol, tobacco, and nonmedical use of prescription drugs, including pain relievers, tranquilizers, stimulants, and sedatives. The survey covered substance abuse treatment history and perceived need for treatment, and included questions from the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual (DSM) of Mental Disorders that allow diagnostic criteria to be applied. The survey included questions concerning treatment for both substance abuse and mental health related disorders. Respondents were also asked about personal and family income sources and amounts, health care access and coverage, illegal activities and arrest record, problems resulting from the use of drugs, and needle-sharing. Questions introduced in previous administrations were retained in the 2007 survey, including questions asked only of respondents aged 12 to 17. These "youth experiences" items covered a variety of topics, such as neighborhood environment, illegal activities, drug use by friends, social support, extracurricular activities, exposure to substance abuse prevention and education programs, and perceived adult attitudes toward drug use and activities such as school work. Several measures focused on prevention-related themes in this section. Also retained were questions on mental health and access to care, perceived risk of using drugs, perceived availability of drugs, driving and personal behavior, and cigar smoking. Questions on the tobacco brand used most often were introduced with the 1999 survey. Background information includes gender, race, age, ethnicity, marital status, educational level, job status, veteran status, and current household composition.
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