Showing 1 – 12 of 12 results.
Curated
Drinking and Driving: A Survey of Licensed Drivers in the United States, 1983 (ICPSR 8356)
Released/updated on: 2005-11-04
This study focuses on the drinking and driving habits of Americans. The questionnaire contained 51 questions. Respondents were interviewed over the telephone and asked about their frequency of consumption of alcoholic beverages, where they most often drank, their mode of transportation to and from this location, their driving and drinking experiences, and their age, sex, educational attainment, and socioeconomic status.
Curated
Drinking and Driving: A Survey of Licensed Drivers in the United States, 1986 (ICPSR 9599)
Released/updated on: 2005-11-04
Geographic coverage: United States
This data collection focuses on perceptions and experiences regarding driving and alcohol consumption. Respondents were asked questions about their average alcohol consumption, whether they refrained from drinking or moderated their behavior if they knew they would be driving, whether they ever drove while intoxicated, how many drinks they estimated it would take to make them legally drunk as defined by the laws of their state, whether they had been arrested for driving under the influence of liquor during the past year, and whether they and their friends ever had a designated driver when they went to a place where alcohol was served. Questions were also asked about perceptions of other people's behavior, such as whether designating a driver or refraining from driving after drinking is a common practice, and whether drunk driving is viewed as a serious offense in the community. Additional questions concerned knowledge of local laws and penalties regarding drunk driving. Demographic questions included age, education, family income, and whether employed.
Curated
Evaluating a Driving While Intoxicated (DWI) Night Drug Court in Las Cruces, New Mexico, 1997-1998 (ICPSR 3186)
Released/updated on: 2006-01-18
Geographic coverage: Las Cruces, United States, New Mexico
The purpose of this study was twofold. First, researchers wanted to assess the benefits of the driving while intoxicated (DWI) drug court established in the Las Cruces, New Mexico, Municipal Court in an effort to determine its future viability. This was accomplished by examining the behaviors and attitudes of three groups of convicted drunk-drivers and determining the extent to which these groups were different or similar. The three groups included: (1) non-alcoholic first- and second-time offenders (non-alcoholic offenders), (2) alcoholic first- and second-time DWI offenders (alcoholic offenders), and (3) chronic three-time (or more) DWI offenders (chronic offenders). The second purpose of this study was to explore police officers' attitudes toward court-based treatment programs for DWI offenders, while examining the distinguishing characteristics between police officers who support court-based programs for drunk drivers and those who are less likely to support such sanctions. Data for Part 1, Drug Court Survey Data, were collected using a survey questionnaire distributed to non-alcoholic, alcoholic, and chronic offenders. Part 1 variables include blood alcohol level, jail time, total number of prior arrests and convictions, the level of support from the respondents' family and friends, and whether the respondent thought DWI was wrong, could cause injury, or could ruin lives. Respondents were also asked whether they acted spontaneously in general, took risks, found trouble exciting, ever assaulted anyone, ever destroyed property, ever extorted money, ever sold or used drugs, thought lying or stealing was OK, ever stole a car, attempted breaking and entering, or had been a victim of extortion. Demographic variables for Part 1 include the age, gender, race, and marital status of each respondent. Data for Part 2, Police Officer Survey Data, were collected using a survey questionnaire designed to capture what police officers knew about the DWI Drug Court, where they learned about it, and what factors accounted for their attitudes toward the program. Variables for Part 2 include police officers' responses to whether DWI court was effective, whether DWI laws were successful, the perceived effect of mandatory jail time versus treatment alone, major problems seen with DWI policies, if DWI was considered dangerous, and how the officer had learned or been briefed about the drug court. Other variables include the number of DWI arrests, and whether respondents believed that reforms weaken police power, that DWI caused more work for them, that citizens have bad attitudes, that the public has too many rights, and that stiffer penalties for DWI offenders were more successful.
Curated
Simple Crosstabs
An Evaluation of 24/7 Sobriety Program Implementation, North Dakota, 2001-2015 (ICPSR 37369)
Released/updated on: 2024-01-30
Geographic coverage: United States, North Dakota
Time period: 2001-01-01--2015-01-01
The 24/7 Sobriety Program was created in South Dakota in 2005 to reduce repeat driving under the influence (DUI) offenses and jail populations, with the idea being to compel DUI defendants to abstain from alcohol and/or drug use for a period of time (Jackley and Long, 2017). The evidence-based program works as a continuous monitoring program where DUI defendants submit to scheduled and/or random testing for controlled substances. If a participant does not appear for testing or tests positive, they are subject to swift, certain, proportional, and consistent sanctions (e.g., immediate short-term incarceration). Compliant participants receive immediate positive feedback. As of March 2017, 24/7 Sobriety programs were authorized in 9 states: South Dakota, North Dakota, Montana, Washington, Idaho, Wyoming, Wisconsin, Utah, and Alaska.
In this study, the research team examined the implementation of the 24/7 Sobriety program in South Dakota, Montana, North Dakota, Jacksonville (Duval County), Florida, and Yavapai County, Arizona. The researchers sought to answer questions about the program's mechanics and effectiveness across several states, and to illuminate what aspects of program delivery are central to achieving outcomes that are relevant to criminal justice researchers and practitioners, such as recidivism, public safety, and alternatives to incarceration. This multi-site, mixed-methods evaluation consisted of secondary analysis of administrative program data and arrest records from North Dakota, case studies of pilot programs in Jacksonville and Yavapai County involving stakeholder interviews and on-site observations, and secondary analysis of breathalyzer test results from South Dakota, North Dakota, and Montana.
The North Dakota 24/7 Sobriety implementation and outcomes data are a county-by-month panel of driving under the influence of alcohol (DUI) arrest events compiled from state Department of Transportation reports and a set of variables based on restricted 24/7 Sobriety program data describing program implementation by county in North Dakota from 2008 to 2015, with pre-program arrest data dating back to 2001.
Curated
Impact of Legislation to Prohibit 'Happy Hours' in Indiana, 1983-1986 (ICPSR 9732)
Released/updated on: 2006-01-18
Geographic coverage: Indiana, United States
Time period: 1983-01-01--1986-06-01
This research program was undertaken in Indiana to evaluate the effectiveness of legislation that prohibited "happy hours," the sale of alcoholic beverages at reduced prices during specified times. The happy hour ban sought to curb abusive drinking that can occur when alcoholic beverages are served at significantly reduced prices for a limited time only. The goal of the data collection was to determine whether any reduction in automobile accidents could be attributed to the ban on happy hours. Researchers used an interrupted time-series design to observe trends over time. Data used in this evaluation were extracted from the Accident Statistical Master Tapes for 1983 through 1986 for the state of Indiana, which include annual compilations of all accidents. Variables measure the number of accidents during the specified times. The first data file has as its unit of analysis weeks, defined as beginning Monday and ending on Friday. The second data file has as its unit of analysis bi-weekly periods.
Curated
Minimum Legal Drinking Age and Crime in the United States, 1980-1987 (ICPSR 9685)
Released/updated on: 2006-03-30
Geographic coverage: United States
Time period: 1980-01-01--1987-01-01
This collection focuses on how changes in the legal drinking age affect the number of fatal motor vehicle accidents and crime rates. The principal investigators identified three areas of study. First, they looked at blood alcohol content of drivers involved in fatal accidents in relation to changes in the drinking age. Second, they looked at how arrest rates correlated with changes in the drinking age. Finally, they looked at the relationship between blood alcohol content and arrest rates. In this context, the investigators used the percentage of drivers killed in fatal automobile accidents who had positive blood alcohol content as an indicator of drinking in the population. Arrests were used as a measure of crime, and arrest rates per capita were used to create comparability across states and over time. Arrests for certain crimes as a proportion of all arrests were used for other analyses to compensate for trends that affect the probability of arrests in general. This collection contains three parts. Variables in the Federal Bureau of Investigation Crime Data file (Part 1) include the state and year to which the data apply, the type of crime, and the sex and age category of those arrested for crimes. A single arrest is the unit of analysis for this file. Information in the Population Data file (Part 2) includes population counts for the number of individuals within each of seven age categories, as well as the number in the total population. There is also a figure for the number of individuals covered by the reporting police agencies from which data were gathered. The individual is the unit of analysis. The Fatal Accident Data file (Part 3) includes six variables: the FIPS code for the state, year of accident, and the sex, age group, and blood alcohol content of the individual killed. The final variable in each record is a count of the number of drivers killed in fatal motor vehicle accidents for that state and year who fit into the given sex, age, and blood alcohol content grouping. A driver killed in a fatal accident is the unit of analysis.
Curated
Operation Hardcore [Crime] Evaluation: Los Angeles, 1976-1980 (ICPSR 9038)
Released/updated on: 2006-01-12
Geographic coverage: United States, Los Angeles, California
Time period: 1976-01-01--1980-01-01
This evaluation was developed and implemented by the Los Angeles District Attorney's Office to examine the effectiveness of specialized prosecutorial activities in dealing with the local problem of rising gang violence, in particular the special gang prosecution unit Operation Hardcore. One part of the evaluation was a system performance analysis. The purposes of this system performance analysis were (1) to describe the problems of gang violence in Los Angeles and the ways that incidents of gang violence were handled by the Los Angeles criminal justice system, and (2) to document the activities of Operation Hardcore and its effect on the criminal justice system's handling of the cases prosecuted by that unit. Computer-generated listings from the Los Angeles District Attorney's Office of all individuals referred for prosecution by local police agencies were used to identify those individuals who were subsequently prosecuted by the District Attorney. Data from working files on all cases prosecuted, including copies of police, court, and criminal history records as well as information on case prosecution, were used to describe criminal justice handling. Information from several supplementary sources was also included, such as the automated Prosecutors Management Information System (PROMIS) maintained by the District Attorney's Office, and court records from the Superior Court of California in Los Angeles County, the local felony court.
Curated
Restricted
Participatory Evaluation of the Sisseton Wahepton Oyate Indian Alcohol and Substance Abuse Program Demonstration Project in the United States, 2006-2007 (ICPSR 22640)
Released/updated on: 2015-01-20
Geographic coverage: United States, South Dakota, Minnesota, North Dakota
Time period: 2006-08-01--2007-04-01, 2006-10-01--2007-04-01
A participatory evaluation model was used to evaluate the Sisseton Wahpeton Oyate (SWO) Indian Alcohol Substance Abuse Program (IASAP) project. The Community Survey (Part 1, Community Survey Quantitative Data) was used to obtain tribal members' perceptions related to the welfare of the community and their perceived levels of satisfaction with how their challenges and problems were being addressed. Data were collected between August 2006 and April 2007 using a convenience sample (n=100). Focus groups (Part 2, Focus Group Interview Qualitative Data) were held with key stake holders from five groups: past adult clients (n=6), parents of juvenile probationers (n=4), service providers and key project staff (n=4), elders (n=5), and policy-makers (n=2). The focus groups were held during three site visits between October 2006 and April 2007. Part 1 (Community Survey Quantitative Data) includes demographic variables such as gender, age, tribal enrollment status, number of years in the community, and experiences with criminal justice systems (both on and off the reservation). Other questions asked the respondent about major problems within the community (i.e., alcohol and drug use, violent crime, child and elder abuse or neglect, gang activity, and property crime) and what was being done to address the problem. Part 2 (Focus Group Interview Qualitative Data) variables were developed based on the type of focus group. Questions for past drug court participants and parents of the juvenile probationers focused on their experiences with the Indian Alcohol and Substance Abuse Program (IASAP). Questions for policy-makers, service providers, and program staff focused on the impact and sustainability of the IASAP. Questions for elders focused on issues related to culture, traditional practices, and the barriers to providing cultural and/or traditional services.
Curated
Police Documentation of Drunk Driving Arrests, 1984-1987: Los Angeles, Denver, and Boston (ICPSR 9400)
Released/updated on: 2005-11-04
Geographic coverage: United States, Massachusetts, Colorado, Los Angeles, Denver, California, Boston
Time period: 1984-01-01--1987-01-01
These data measure the effects of blood alcohol content coupled with officer reports at the time of arrest on driving while intoxicated (DWI) case outcomes (jury verdicts and guilty pleas). Court records and relevant police reports for drunk-driving cases drawn from the greater metropolitan areas of Boston, Denver, and Los Angeles were compiled to produce this data collection. Cases were selected to include roughly equal proportions of guilty pleas, guilty verdicts, and not-guilty verdicts. DWI cases were compared on the quality and quantity of evidence concerning the suspect's behavior, with the evidence coming from any mention of 20 standard visual detection cues prior to the stop, 13 attributes of general appearance and behavior immediately after the stop, and the results of as many as 7 field sobriety tests. Questions concerned driving-under-the-influence cues (scoring sheet), observed traffic violations and actual traffic accidents, the verdict, DWI history, whether the stop resulted from an accident, whether the attorney was public or private, and sanctions that followed the verdict. Also included were demographic questions on age, sex, and ethnicity.
Curated
Project on Human Development in Chicago Neighborhoods (PHDCN): Short Michigan Alcohol Screening Test, Wave 2, 1997-2000 (ICPSR 13657)
Released/updated on: 2006-05-26
Geographic coverage: United States, Chicago, Illinois
Time period: 1997-01-01--2000-01-01
The Project on Human Development in Chicago Neighborhoods (PHDCN) was a large-scale, interdisciplinary study of how families, schools, and neighborhoods affect child and adolescent development. One component of the PHDCN was the Longitudinal Cohort Study, which was a series of coordinated longitudinal studies that followed over 6,000 randomly selected children, adolescents, and young adults, and their primary caregivers over time to examine the changing circumstances of their lives, as well as the personal characteristics, that might lead them toward or away from a variety of antisocial behaviors. Numerous measures were administered to respondents to gauge various aspects of human development, including individual differences, as well as family, peer, and school influences. One such measure was the Short Michigan Alcohol Screening Test (SMAST). It was administered to subjects' primary caregivers (PCs) in Cohorts 0, 3, 6, 9, 12, and 15, and it obtained information about the PCs use of alcohol and alcohol-related problems.
Curated
Recidivism Among Convicted Drunk Drivers: Minnesota, 1982 (ICPSR 8601)
Released/updated on: 2005-11-04
Geographic coverage: United States, Minnesota
This data collection focuses on recidivism among persons convicted for driving while intoxicated. It contains information about the charging and sentencing of drunk driving offenders and repeat offenders. Variables include charge, conviction, sentence, number of alcohol and non-alcohol related violations, subsequent action, sex, age, and date of sentencing.
Curated
Reintegrative Shaming Experiments (RISE) in Australia, 1995-1999 (ICPSR 2993)
Released/updated on: 2006-03-30
Geographic coverage: Australia
Time period: 1995-01-01--1999-01-01
The Reintegrative Shaming Experiments (RISE) project compared the effects of standard court processing with the effects of a restorative justice intervention known as conferencing for four kinds of cases: drunk driving (over .08 blood alcohol content) at any age, juvenile property offending with personal victims, juvenile shoplifting offenses detected by store security officers, and youth violent crimes (under age 30). Reintegrative shaming theory underpins the conferencing alternative. It entails offenders facing those harmed by their actions in the presence of family and friends whose opinions they care about, discussing their wrongdoing, and making repayment to society and to their victims for the costs of their crimes, both material and emotional. These conferences were facilitated by police officers and usually took around 90 minutes, compared with around ten minutes for court processing time. The researchers sought to test the hypotheses that (1) there would be less repeat offending after a conference than after a court treatment, (2) victims would be more satisfied with conferences than with court, (3) both offenders and victims would find conferences to be fairer than court, and (4) the public costs of providing a conference would be no greater than, and perhaps less than, the costs of processing offenders in court. This study contains data from ongoing experiments comparing the effects of court versus diversionary conferences for a select group of offenders. Part 1, Administrative Data for All Cases, consists of data from reports by police officers. These data include information on the offender's attitude, the police station and officer that referred the case, blood alcohol content level (drunk driving only), offense type, and RISE assigned treatment. Parts 2-5 are data from observations by trained RISE research staff of court and conference treatments to which offenders had been randomly assigned. Variables for Parts 2-5 include duration of the court or conference, if there was any violence or threat of violence in the court or conference, supports that the offender and victim had, how much reintegrative shaming was expressed, the extent to which the offender accepted guilt, if and in what form the offender apologized (e.g., verbal, handshake, hug, kiss), how defiant or sullen the offender was, how much the offender contributed to the outcome, what the outcome was (e.g., dismissed, imprisonment, fine, community service, bail release, driving license cancelled, counseling program), and what the outcome reflected (punishment, repaying community, repaying victims, preventing future offense, restoration). Data for Parts 6 and 7, Year 0 Survey Data from Non-Drunk-Driving Offenders Assigned to Court and Conferences and Year 0 Survey Data from Drunk-Driving Offenders Assigned to Court and Conferences, were taken from interviews with offenders by trained RISE interview staff after the court or conference proceedings. Variables for Parts 6 and 7 include how much the court or conference respected the respondent's rights, how much influence the respondent had over the agreement, the outcome that the respondent received, if the court or conference solved any problems, if police explained that the respondent had the right to refuse the court or conference, if the respondent was consulted about whom to invite to court or conference, how the respondent was treated, and if the respondent's respect for the justice system had gone up or down as a result of the court or conference. Additional variables focused on how nervous the respondent was about attending the court or conference, how severe the respondent felt the outcome was, how severe the respondent thought the punishment would be if he/she were caught again, if the respondent thought the court or conference would prevent him/her from breaking the law, if the respondent was bitter about the way he/she was treated, if the respondent understood what was going on in the court or conference, if the court or conference took account of what the respondent said, if the respondent felt pushed around by people with more power, if the respondent felt disadvantaged because of race, sex, age, or income, how police treated the respondent when arrested, if the respondent regretted what he/she did, if the respondent felt ashamed of what he/she did, what his/her family, friends, and other people thought of what the respondent did, and if the respondent had used drugs or alcohol the past year. Demographic variables in this data collection include offender's country of birth, gender, race, education, income, and employment.