Showing 1 – 37 of 37 results.
Curated
Capital Punishment in the United States, 1973-1987 (ICPSR 9210)
Released/updated on: 2008-11-12
Geographic coverage: United States
Time period: 1973-01-01--1987-01-01
This data collection provides annual data on prisoners under a sentence of death and on prisoners whose sentences were commuted or vacated. The data furnish basic sociodemographic classifications including age, sex, race and ethnicity, marital status at time of imprisonment, level of education, and state and region of incarceration. Criminal history information includes prior felony convictions, prior convictions for criminal homicide, and legal status at the time of the capital offense. Additional information is provided on those inmates removed from death row by yearend 1986, inmates receiving a second capital punishment sentence in 1987, and inmates who were executed.
Curated
Capital Punishment in the United States, 1973-1988 (ICPSR 9337)
Released/updated on: 2008-11-12
Geographic coverage: United States
Time period: 1973-01-01--1988-01-01
This data collection provides annual data on prisoners under a sentence of death and on those whose offense sentences were commuted or vacated. Information is available on basic sociodemographic characteristics such as age, sex, race and ethnicity, marital status at time of imprisonment, level of education, and state of incarceration. Criminal history data include prior felony convictions for criminal homicide and legal status at the time of the capital offense. Additional information is provided on those inmates removed from death row by yearend 1988 and those inmates who were executed.
Curated
Capital Punishment in the United States, 1973-1989 (ICPSR 9507)
Released/updated on: 2008-11-12
Geographic coverage: United States
Time period: 1973-01-01--1989-01-01
This data collection provides annual data on prisoners under a sentence of death and on those whose offense sentences were commuted or vacated during the period 1973-1989. Information is supplied on basic sociodemographic characteristics such as age, sex, race and ethnicity, marital status at time of imprisonment, level of education, and state of incarceration. Criminal history data include prior felony convictions for criminal homicide and legal status at the time of the capital offense. Additional information is available for those inmates removed from death row by yearend 1989 and for those inmates who were executed.
Curated
Capital Punishment in the United States, 1973-1990 (ICPSR 9819)
Released/updated on: 2008-11-12
Geographic coverage: United States
Time period: 1973-01-01--1990-01-01
This data collection provides annual data on prisoners under a sentence of death and on those whose offense sentences were commuted or vacated during the period 1973-1990. Information is supplied for basic sociodemographic characteristics such as age, sex, race, ethnicity, marital status at time of imprisonment, level of education, and state of incarceration. Criminal history data include prior felony convictions for criminal homicide and legal status at the time of the capital offense. Additional information is available for those inmates removed from death row by yearend 1990 and for those inmates who were executed.
Curated
Capital Punishment in the United States, 1973-1991 (ICPSR 6514)
Released/updated on: 2008-11-12
Geographic coverage: United States
Time period: 1973-01-01--1991-01-01
This data collection provides annual data on prisoners under a sentence of death and on those whose offense sentences were commuted or vacated during the period 1973-1991. Information is supplied for basic sociodemographic characteristics such as age, sex, race, ethnicity, marital status at time of imprisonment, level of education, and state of incarceration. Criminal history data include prior felony convictions for criminal homicide and legal status at the time of the capital offense. Additional information is available for inmates removed from death row by yearend 1991 and for inmates who were executed.
Curated
Capital Punishment in the United States, 1973-1992 (ICPSR 6513)
Released/updated on: 2008-11-12
Geographic coverage: United States
Time period: 1973-01-01--1992-01-01
This data collection provides annual data on prisoners under a sentence of death and on those whose offense sentences were commuted or vacated during the period 1973-1992. Information is supplied for basic sociodemographic characteristics such as age, sex, race, ethnicity, marital status at time of imprisonment, level of education, and state of incarceration. Criminal history data include prior felony convictions for criminal homicide and legal status at the time of the capital offense. Additional information is available for inmates removed from death row by yearend 1992 and for inmates who were executed.
Curated
Capital Punishment in the United States, 1973-1993 (ICPSR 6512)
Released/updated on: 2008-11-12
Geographic coverage: United States
Time period: 1973-01-01--1993-01-01
This data collection provides annual data on prisoners under a sentence of death and on those whose offense sentences were commuted or vacated during the period 1973-1993. Information is supplied for basic sociodemographic characteristics such as age, sex, race, ethnicity, marital status at the time of imprisonment, level of education, and state of incarceration. Criminal history data include prior felony convictions for criminal homicide and legal status at the time of the capital offense. Additional information is available for inmates removed from death row by yearend 1993 and for inmates who were executed.
Curated
Capital Punishment in the United States, 1973-1994 (ICPSR 6691)
Released/updated on: 2008-11-12
Geographic coverage: United States
Time period: 1973-01-01--1994-01-01
This data collection provides annual data on prisoners under a sentence of death and prisoners whose offense sentences were commuted or vacated during the period 1973-1994. Information is supplied for basic sociodemographic characteristics such as age, sex, race, ethnicity, marital status at the time of imprisonment, level of education, and state of incarceration. Criminal history data include prior felony convictions for criminal homicide and legal status at the time of the capital offense. Additional information is available for inmates removed from death row by yearend 1994 and for inmates who were executed.
Curated
Capital Punishment in the United States, 1973-1995 (ICPSR 6956)
Released/updated on: 2008-11-12
Geographic coverage: United States
Time period: 1973-01-01--1995-01-01
This data collection provides annual data on prisoners under a sentence of death and prisoners whose offense sentences were commuted or vacated during the period 1973-1995. Information is supplied for basic sociodemographic characteristics such as age, sex, race, ethnicity, marital status at the time of imprisonment, level of education, and state of incarceration. Criminal history data include prior felony convictions for criminal homicide and legal status at the time of the capital offense. Additional information is available for inmates removed from death row by yearend 1995 and for inmates who were executed.
Curated
Capital Punishment in the United States, 1973-1996 (ICPSR 2736)
Released/updated on: 2008-11-05
Geographic coverage: United States
Time period: 1973-01-01--1996-01-01
This data collection provides annual data on prisoners under a sentence of death and prisoners whose offense sentences were commuted or vacated during the period 1973-1996. Information is supplied for basic sociodemographic characteristics such as age, sex, race, ethnicity, marital status at the time of imprisonment, level of education, and state of incarceration. Criminal history data include prior felony convictions for criminal homicide and legal status at the time of the capital offense. Additional information is available for inmates removed from death row by yearend 1996 and for inmates who were executed.
Curated
Capital Punishment in the United States, 1973-1997 (ICPSR 2737)
Released/updated on: 2008-11-05
Geographic coverage: United States
Time period: 1973-01-01--1997-01-01
This data collection provides annual data on prisoners under a sentence of death and prisoners whose offense sentences were commuted or vacated during the period 1973-1997. Information is supplied for basic sociodemographic characteristics such as age, sex, education, and state of incarceration. Criminal history data include prior felony convictions for criminal homicide and legal status at the time of the capital offense. Additional information is available for inmates removed from death row by yearend 1997 and for inmates who were executed.
Curated
Capital Punishment in the United States, 1973-1998 (ICPSR 2977)
Released/updated on: 2008-11-05
Geographic coverage: United States
Time period: 1973-01-01--1998-01-01
This data collection provides annual data on prisoners under a sentence of death and prisoners whose offense sentences were commuted or vacated during the period 1973-1998. Information is supplied on basic sociodemographic characteristics such as age, sex, education, and state of incarceration. Criminal history data include prior felony convictions for criminal homicide and legal status at the time of the capital offense. Additional information is available for inmates removed from death row by yearend 1998 and for inmates who were executed.
Curated
Capital Punishment in the United States, 1973-1999 (ICPSR 3201)
Released/updated on: 2008-11-05
Geographic coverage: United States
Time period: 1973-01-01--1999-01-01
This data collection provides annual data on prisoners under a sentence of death and prisoners whose offense sentences were commuted or vacated during the period 1973-1999. Information is supplied for basic sociodemographic characteristics such as age, sex, education, and state of incarceration. Criminal history data include prior felony convictions for criminal homicide and legal status at the time of the capital offense. Additional information is available for inmates removed from death row by yearend 1999 and for inmates who were executed.
Curated
Capital Punishment in the United States, 1973-2000 (ICPSR 3667)
Released/updated on: 2008-11-05
Geographic coverage: United States
Time period: 1973-01-01--2000-01-01
This data collection provides annual data on prisoners under a sentence of death and prisoners whose offense sentences were commuted or vacated during the period 1973-2000. Information is supplied for basic sociodemographic characteristics such as age, sex, education, and state of incarceration. Criminal history data include prior felony convictions for criminal homicide and legal status at the time of the capital offense. Additional information is available for inmates removed from death row by yearend 2000 and for inmates who were executed.
Curated
Capital Punishment in the United States, 1973-2001 (ICPSR 3947)
Released/updated on: 2008-11-05
Geographic coverage: United States
Time period: 1973-01-01--2001-01-01
This data collection provides annual data on prisoners under a sentence of death and prisoners whose offense sentences were commuted or vacated during the period 1973-2001. Information is supplied for basic sociodemographic characteristics such as age, sex, education, and state of incarceration. Criminal history data include prior felony convictions for criminal homicide and legal status at the time of the capital offense. Additional information is available for inmates removed from death row by year-end 2001 and for inmates who were executed.
Curated
Capital Punishment in the United States, 1973-2002 (ICPSR 3958)
Released/updated on: 2008-11-04
Geographic coverage: United States
Time period: 1973-01-01--2002-01-01
This data collection provides annual data on prisoners under a sentence of death and prisoners whose offense sentences were commuted or vacated during the period 1973-2002. Information is supplied for basic sociodemographic characteristics such as age, sex, education, and state of incarceration. Criminal history data include prior felony convictions for criminal homicide and legal status at the time of the capital offense. Additional information is available for inmates removed from death row by year-end 2002 and for inmates who were executed.
Curated
Capital Punishment in the United States, 1973-2003 (ICPSR 4404)
Released/updated on: 2008-11-04
Geographic coverage: United States
Time period: 1973-01-01--2003-01-01
This data collection provides annual data on prisoners under a sentence of death and prisoners whose offense sentences were commuted or vacated during the period 1973-2003. Information is supplied for basic sociodemographic characteristics such as age, sex, education, and state of incarceration. Criminal history data include prior felony convictions for criminal homicide and legal status at the time of the capital offense. Additional information is available for inmates removed from death row by year-end 2003 and for inmates who were executed.
Curated
Capital Punishment in the United States, 1973-2004 (ICPSR 4430)
Released/updated on: 2008-10-24
Geographic coverage: United States
Time period: 1973-01-01--2004-01-01
This data collection provides annual data on prisoners under a sentence of death and prisoners whose offense sentences were commuted or vacated during the period 1973-2004. Information is supplied for basic sociodemographic characteristics such as age, sex, education, and state of incarceration. Criminal history data include prior felony convictions for criminal homicide and legal status at the time of the capital offense. Additional information is available for inmates removed from death row by year-end 2004 and for inmates who were executed.
Curated
Capital Punishment in the United States, 1973-2005 (ICPSR 20580)
Released/updated on: 2008-10-21
Geographic coverage: United States
Time period: 1973-01-01--2005-01-01
This data collection provides annual data on prisoners under a sentence of death and prisoners whose offense sentences were commuted or vacated during the period 1973-2005. Information is supplied for basic sociodemographic characteristics such as age, sex, education, and state of incarceration. Criminal history data include prior felony convictions for criminal homicide and legal status at the time of the capital offense. Additional information is available for inmates removed from death row by year-end 2005 and for inmates who were executed.
Curated
Capital Punishment in the United States, 1973-2006 (ICPSR 23360)
Released/updated on: 2008-10-06
Geographic coverage: United States
Time period: 1973-01-01--2006-01-01
This data collection provides annual data on prisoners under a sentence of death and prisoners whose offense sentences were commuted or vacated during the period 1973-2005. Information is supplied for basic sociodemographic characteristics such as age, sex, education, and state of incarceration. Criminal history data include prior felony convictions for criminal homicide and legal status at the time of the capital offense. Additional information is available for inmates removed from death row by year-end 2006 and for inmates who were executed.
Curated
Capital Punishment in the United States, 1973-2007 (ICPSR 24961)
Released/updated on: 2009-03-11
Geographic coverage: United States
Time period: 1973-01-01--2007-01-01
This data collection provides annual data on prisoners under a sentence of death and prisoners whose offense sentences were commuted or vacated during the period 1973-2007. Information is supplied for basic sociodemographic characteristics such as age, sex, education, and state of incarceration. Criminal history data include prior felony convictions for criminal homicide and legal status at the time of the capital offense. Additional information is available for inmates removed from death row by year-end 2007 and for inmates who were executed.
Curated
Capital Punishment in the United States, 1973-2008 (ICPSR 27982)
Released/updated on: 2010-09-07
Geographic coverage: United States
Time period: 1973-01-01--2008-01-01
This data collection provides annual data on prisoners under a sentence of death and prisoners whose offense sentences were commuted or vacated during the period 1973-2008. Information is supplied for basic sociodemographic characteristics such as age, sex, education, and state of incarceration. Criminal history data include prior felony convictions for criminal homicide and legal status at the time of the capital offense. Additional information is available for inmates removed from death row by year-end 2008 and for inmates who were executed.
Curated
Capital Punishment in the United States, 1973-2009 (ICPSR 31443)
Released/updated on: 2011-12-08
Geographic coverage: United States
Time period: 1973-01-01--2009-01-01
This data collection provides annual data on prisoners under a sentence of death and prisoners whose offense sentences were commuted or vacated during the period 1973-2009. Information is supplied for basic sociodemographic characteristics such as age, sex, education, and state of incarceration. Criminal history data include prior felony convictions for criminal homicide and legal status at the time of the capital offense. Additional information is available for inmates removed from death row by year-end 2009 and for inmates who were executed.
Curated
Capital Punishment in the United States, 1973-2010 (ICPSR 34366)
Released/updated on: 2020-11-17
Geographic coverage: United States
Time period: 1973-01-01--2010-01-01
CAPITAL PUNISHMENT IN THE UNITED STATES, 1973-2010 provides annual data on prisoners under a sentence of death, as well as those who had their sentences commuted or vacated and prisoners who were executed. This study examines basic sociodemographic classifications including age, sex, race and ethnicity, marital status at time of imprisonment, level of education, and State and region of incarceration. Criminal history information includes prior felony convictions and prior convictions for criminal homicide and the legal status at the time of the capital offense. Additional information is provided on those inmates removed from death row by yearend 2010. The dataset consists of one part which contains 9,058 cases. The file provides information on inmates whose death sentences were removed in addition to information on those inmates who were executed. The file also gives information about inmates who received a second death sentence by yearend 2010 as well as inmates who were already on death row.
Curated
Capital Punishment in the United States, 1973-2011 (ICPSR 36165)
Released/updated on: 2020-12-02
Geographic coverage: United States
Time period: 1973-01-01--2011-01-01
CAPITAL PUNISHMENT IN THE UNITED STATES, 1973-2011 provides annual data on prisoners under a sentence of death, as well as those who had their sentences commuted or vacated and prisoners who were executed. This study examines basic sociodemographic classifications including age, sex, race and ethnicity, marital status at time of imprisonment, level of education, and state and region of incarceration. Criminal history information includes prior felony convictions and prior convictions for criminal homicide and the legal status at the time of the capital offense. Additional information is provided on those inmates removed from death row by yearend 2011. The dataset consists of one part which contains 9,058 cases. The file provides information on inmates whose death sentences were removed in addition to information on those inmates who were executed. The file also gives information about inmates who received a second death sentence by yearend 2011 as well as inmates who were already on death row.
Curated
Capital Punishment in the United States, 1973-2012 (ICPSR 36166)
Released/updated on: 2020-12-17
Geographic coverage: United States
Time period: 1973-01-01--2012-01-01
CAPITAL PUNISHMENT IN THE UNITED STATES, 1973-2012 provides annual data on prisoners under a sentence of death, as well as those who had their sentences commuted or vacated and prisoners who were executed. This study examines basic sociodemographic classifications including age, sex, race and ethnicity, marital status at time of imprisonment, level of education, and state and region of incarceration. Criminal history information includes prior felony convictions and prior convictions for criminal homicide and the legal status at the time of the capital offense. Additional information is provided on those inmates removed from death row by yearend 2012. The dataset consists of one part which contains 9,058 cases. The file provides information on inmates whose death sentences were removed in addition to information on those inmates who were executed. The file also gives information about inmates who received a second death sentence by yearend 2012 as well as inmates who were already on death row.
Curated
Capital Punishment in the United States, 1973-2013 (ICPSR 36139)
Released/updated on: 2020-12-17
Geographic coverage: United States
Time period: 1973-01-01--2013-01-01
CAPITAL PUNISHMENT IN THE UNITED STATES, 1973-2013 provides annual data on prisoners under a sentence of death, as well as those who had their sentences commuted or vacated and prisoners who were executed. This study examines basic sociodemographic classifications including age, sex, race and ethnicity, marital status at time of imprisonment, level of education, and state and region of incarceration. Criminal history information includes prior felony convictions and prior convictions for criminal homicide and the legal status at the time of the capital offense. Additional information is provided on those inmates removed from death row by yearend 2013. The dataset consists of one part which contains 9,058 cases. The file provides information on inmates whose death sentences were removed in addition to information on those inmates who were executed. The file also gives information about inmates who received a second death sentence by yearend 2013 as well as inmates who were already on death row.
Curated
Capital Punishment in the United States, 1973-2017 (ICPSR 37824)
Released/updated on: 2022-05-31
Geographic coverage: United States
Time period: 1973-01-01--2017-01-01
CAPITAL PUNISHMENT IN THE UNITED STATES, 1973-2017 provides annual data on prisoners under a sentence of death, as well as those who had their sentences commuted or vacated and prisoners who were executed. This study examines basic sociodemographic classifications including age, sex, race and ethnicity, marital status at time of imprisonment, level of education, and state and region of incarceration. Criminal history information includes prior felony convictions and prior convictions for criminal homicide and the legal status at the time of the capital offense. Additional information is provided on those inmates removed from death row by yearend 2017. The dataset consists of one part which contains 9,543 cases. The file provides information on inmates whose death sentences were removed in addition to information on those inmates who were executed. The file also gives information about inmates who received a second death sentence by yearend 2017 as well as inmates who were already on death row.
Curated
Capital Punishment in the United States, 1973-2018 (ICPSR 37879)
Released/updated on: 2022-05-31
Geographic coverage: United States
Time period: 1973-01-01--2018-01-01
CAPITAL PUNISHMENT IN THE UNITED STATES, 1973-2018 provides annual data on prisoners under a sentence of death, as well as those who had their sentences commuted or vacated and prisoners who were executed. This study examines basic sociodemographic classifications including age, sex, race and ethnicity, marital status at time of imprisonment, level of education, and state and region of incarceration. Criminal history information includes prior felony convictions and prior convictions for criminal homicide and the legal status at the time of the capital offense. Additional information is provided on those inmates removed from death row by yearend 2018. The dataset consists of one part which contains 9,583 cases. The file provides information on inmates whose death sentences were removed in addition to information on those inmates who were executed. The file also gives information about inmates who received a second death sentence by yearend 2018 as well as inmates who were already on death row.
Curated
Capital Punishment in the United States, 1973-2019 (ICPSR 37998)
Released/updated on: 2022-05-31
Geographic coverage: United States
Time period: 1973-01-01--2019-01-01
CAPITAL PUNISHMENT IN THE UNITED STATES, 1973-2019 provides annual data on prisoners under a sentence of death, as well as those who had their sentences commuted or vacated and prisoners who were executed. This study examines basic sociodemographic classifications including age, sex, race and ethnicity, marital status at time of imprisonment, level of education, and state and region of incarceration. Criminal history information includes prior felony convictions and prior convictions for criminal homicide and the legal status at the time of the capital offense. Additional information is provided on those inmates removed from death row by yearend 2019. The dataset consists of one part which contains 9,617 cases. The file provides information on inmates whose death sentences were removed in addition to information on those inmates who were executed. The file also gives information about inmates who received a second death sentence by yearend 2019 as well as inmates who were already on death row.
Curated
Capital Punishment in the United States, 1973-2020 (ICPSR 38393)
Released/updated on: 2022-03-31
Geographic coverage: United States
Time period: 1973-01-01--2020-01-01
CAPITAL PUNISHMENT IN THE UNITED STATES, 1973-2020 provides annual data on prisoners under a sentence of death, as well as those who had their sentences commuted or vacated and prisoners who were executed. This study examines basic sociodemographic classifications including age, sex, race and ethnicity, marital status at time of imprisonment, level of education, and state and region of incarceration. Criminal history information includes prior felony convictions and prior convictions for criminal homicide and the legal status at the time of the capital offense. Additional information is provided on those inmates removed from death row by yearend 2020. The dataset consists of one part which contains 9,636 cases. The file provides information on inmates whose death sentences were removed in addition to information on those inmates who were executed. The file also gives information about inmates who received a second death sentence by yearend 2020 as well as inmates who were already on death row.
Curated
Capital Punishment in the United States, 1973-2021 (ICPSR 38924)
Released/updated on: 2023-11-16
Geographic coverage: United States
Time period: 1973-01-01--2021-01-01
CAPITAL PUNISHMENT IN THE UNITED STATES, 1973-2021 provides annual data on prisoners under a sentence of death, as well as those who had their sentences commuted or vacated and prisoners who were executed. This study examines basic sociodemographic classifications including age, sex, race and ethnicity, marital status at time of imprisonment, level of education, and state and region of incarceration. Criminal history information includes prior felony convictions and prior convictions for criminal homicide and the legal status at the time of the capital offense. Additional information is provided on those inmates removed from death row by yearend 2021. The dataset consists of one part which contains 9,657 cases. The file provides information on inmates whose death sentences were removed in addition to information on those inmates who were executed. The file also gives information about inmates who received a second death sentence by yearend 2021 as well as inmates who were already on death row.
Curated
Capital Punishment in the United States, 1973-2022 (ICPSR 39405)
Released/updated on: 2025-07-23
Geographic coverage: United States
Time period: 1973-01-01--2022-01-01
CAPITAL PUNISHMENT IN THE UNITED STATES, 1973-2022 provides annual data on prisoners under a sentence of death, as well as those who had their sentences commuted or vacated and prisoners who were executed. This study examines basic sociodemographic classifications including age, sex, race and ethnicity, marital status at time of imprisonment, level of education, and state and region of incarceration. Criminal history information includes prior felony convictions and prior convictions for criminal homicide and the legal status at the time of the capital offense. Additional information is provided on those inmates removed from death row by year-end 2022. The dataset consists of one part which contains 9,675 cases and 33 variables. The file provides information on inmates whose death sentences were removed in addition to information on those inmates who were executed. The file also gives information about inmates who received a second death sentence by year-end 2022 as well as inmates who were already on death row.
Curated
Capital Punishment in the United States, 1973-2023 (ICPSR 39406)
Released/updated on: 2025-07-23
Geographic coverage: United States
Time period: 1973-01-01--2023-01-01
CAPITAL PUNISHMENT IN THE UNITED STATES, 1973-2023 provides annual data on prisoners under a sentence of death, as well as those who had their sentences commuted or vacated and prisoners who were executed. This study examines basic sociodemographic classifications including age, sex, race and ethnicity, marital status at time of imprisonment, level of education, and state and region of incarceration. Criminal history information includes prior felony convictions and prior convictions for criminal homicide and the legal status at the time of the capital offense. Additional information is provided on those inmates removed from death row by year-end 2023. The dataset consists of one part which contains 9,692 cases and 33 variables. The file provides information on inmates whose death sentences were removed in addition to information on those inmates who were executed. The file also gives information about inmates who received a second death sentence by year-end 2023 as well as inmates who were already on death row.
Curated
Management of Death Row Inmates, 1986-1987: [United States] (ICPSR 9917)
Released/updated on: 2006-01-12
Geographic coverage: United States
Time period: 1986-01-01--1987-01-01
These data offer objective and subjective information about current death row inmates and the management policies and procedures related to their incarceration. The major objectives of the study were to gather data about the inmate population and current management policies and procedures, to identify issues facing correctional administrators in supervising the growing number of condemned inmates, and to offer options for improved management. Four survey instruments were developed: (1) a form for the Department of Corrections in each of the 37 states that had a capital punishment statute as of March 1986, (2) a form for each warden of an institution that housed death-sentenced inmates, (3) a form for staff members who worked with such inmates, and (4) a form for a sample of the inmates. The surveys included questions about inmate demographics (e.g., date of birth, sex, race, Hispanic origin, level of education, marital status, and number of children), the institutional facilities available to death row inmates, state laws pertaining to them, training for staff who deal with them, the usefulness of various counseling, medical, and recreational programs, whether the inmates expected to be executed, and the challenges in managing the death row population. The surveys did not probe legal, moral, or political arguments about the death penalty itself.
Curated
Partially restricted
Multistate Analysis of Time Consumption in Capital Appeals, 1992-2002 (ICPSR 21680)
Released/updated on: 2008-03-25
Geographic coverage: North Carolina, United States, Tennessee, Kentucky, Florida, New Jersey, Washington, South Carolina, Texas, Missouri, Ohio, Georgia, Virginia, Arizona, Nevada
Time period: 1992-01-01--2002-12-31
Despite public controversy over the length of death penalty appeals, little empirical work has been done on the time allocated to the capital appeals process. The purpose of this study was to perform a multistate empirical analysis of the time expended in direct appeals of capital cases. The researchers included decisions from 14 states that they believed to be representative of the 37 states that have enforceable death penalty laws. For each of the 14 states included in the study, the researchers examined every capital case decided on direct appeal by the courts of last resort between the dates January 1, 1992, and December 31, 2002. The researchers developed a case database by examining a variety of sources. For each of the 1,676 cases in the multistate database, the research team collected time consumption data for each of the following five phases of the direct appeal process: (1) the postsentence stage, (2) the preparation stage, (3) the argument stage, (4) the decision stage, and (5) the supreme court stage. Variables include state, case characteristics, court opinion variables, dates, and time consumption variables.
Curated
Processing and Outcome of Death Penalty Appeals After Furman v. Georgia, 1973-1995: [United States] (ICPSR 3468)
Released/updated on: 2006-03-30
Geographic coverage: United States
Time period: 1973-01-01--1995-01-01
This data collection effort was undertaken to analyze the outcomes of capital appeals in the United States between 1973 and 1995 and as a means of assessing the reliability of death penalty verdicts (also referred to herein as "capital judgments" or "death penalty judgments") imposed under modern death-sentencing procedures. Those procedures have been adopted since the decision in Furman v. Georgia in 1972. The United States Supreme Court's ruling in that case invalidated all then-existing death penalty laws, determining that the death penalty was applied in an "arbitrary and capricious" manner and violated Eighth Amendment protections against cruel and unusual punishment. Data provided in this collection include state characteristics and the outcomes of review of death verdicts by state and year at the state direct appeal, state post-conviction, federal habeas corpus, and all three stages of review (Part 1). Data were compiled from published and unpublished official and archived sources. Also provided in this collection are state and county characteristics and the outcome of review of death verdicts by county, state, and year at the state direct appeal, state post-conviction, federal habeas corpus, and all three stages of review (Part 2). After designing a systematic method for identifying official court decisions in capital appeals and state and federal post-conviction proceedings (no official or unofficial lists of those decisions existed prior to this study), the authors created three databases original to this study using information reported in those decisions. The first of the three original databases assembled as part of this project was the Direct Appeal Database (DADB) (Part 3). This database contains information on the timing and outcome of decisions on state direct appeals of capital verdicts imposed in all years during the 1973-1995 study period in which the relevant state had a valid post-Furman capital statute. The appeals in this database include all those that were identified as having been finally decided during the 1973 to 1995 period (sometimes called "the study period"). The second original database, State Post-Conviction Database (SPCDB) (Part 4), contains a list of capital verdicts that were imposed during the years between 1973 and 2000 when the relevant state had a valid post-Furman capital statute and that were finally reversed on state post-conviction review between 1973 and April 2000. The third original database, Habeas Corpus Database (HCDB) (Part 5), contains information on all decisions of initial (non-successive) capital federal habeas corpus cases between 1973 and 1995 that finally reviewed capital verdicts imposed during the years 1973 to 1995 when the relevant state had a valid post-Furman capital statute. Part 1 variables include state and state population, population density, death sentence year, year the state enacted a valid post-Furman capital statute, total homicides, number of African-Americans in the state population, number of white and African-American homicide victims, number of prison inmates, number of FBI Index Crimes, number of civil, criminal, and felony court cases awaiting decision, number of death verdicts, number of Black defendants sentenced to death, rate of white victims of homicides for which defendants were sentenced to death per 100 white homicide victims, percentage of death row inmates sentenced to death for offenses against at least one white victim, number of death verdicts reviewed, awaiting review, and granted relief at all three states of review, number of welfare recipients and welfare expenditures, direct expenditures on the court system, party-adjusted judicial ideology index, political pressure index, and several other created variables. Part 2 provides this same state-level information and also provides similar variables at the county level. Court expenditure and welfare data are not provided in Part 2, however. Part 3 provides data on each capital direct appeal decision, including state, FIPS state and county code for trial court county, year of death verdict, year of decision, whether the verdict was affirmed or reversed, and year of first fully valid post-Furman statute. The date and citation for rehearing in the state system and on certiorari to the United States Supreme Court are provided in some cases. For reversals in Part 4 information was collected about state of death verdict, FIPS state and county code for trial court county, year of death verdict, date of relief, basis for reversal, stage of trial and aspect of verdict (guilty of aggravated capital murder, death sentence) affected by reversal, outcome on retrial, and citation. Part 5 variables include state, FIPS state and county codes for trial court county, year of death verdict, defendant's history of alcohol or drug abuse, whether the defendant was intoxicated at the time of the crime, whether the defense attorney was from in-state, whether the defendant was connected to the community where the crime occurred, whether the victim had a high standing in the community, sex of the victim, whether the defendant had a prior record, whether a state evidentiary hearing was held, number of claims for final federal decision, whether a majority of the judges voting to reverse were appointed by Republican presidents, aggravating and mitigating circumstances, whether habeas corpus relief was granted, what claims for habeas corpus relief were presented, and the outcome on each claim that was presented. Part 5 also includes citations to the direct appeal decision, the state post-conviction decision (last state decision on merits), the judicial decision at the pre-penultimate federal stage, the decision at the penultimate federal stage, and the final federal decision.