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Annual Health Survey (AHS), India, 2007-2012 (ICPSR 38097)

Released/updated on: 2022-04-13
Geographic coverage: India
Time period: 2007-01-01--2012-01-01

The Annual Health Survey (AHS), conducted by the Government of India between July 2010 and May 2013, investigates maternal and child health in nine states: Assam, Bihar, Chhattisgarh, Jharkhand, Madhya Pradesh, Orissa, Rajasthan, Uttarakhand, and Uttar Pradesh. These states constitute about 70 percent of neonatal deaths in India and about one-in-five neonatal deaths globally. The AHS consists of a three-round panel that interviewed over 4 million households in each round, as well as a one-time Clinical, Anthropometric, and Bio-Chemical Survey (CAB). The data were originally released to the public in 2015 as a set of 45 .csv files. The .csv files are included in a restricted-use zipped package as part of the ICPSR release (see dataset 21).

The survey focused on topics such as household composition, caste, fertility, family planning, pre- and post-natal care, breastfeeding, infant mortality, illness, disease, disability, and health care practices. Demographic information includes sex, age, education, occupation, marital status, household size, and religion. The CAB files contain biometric data including but not limited to height, weight, blood pressure, hemoglobin, pulse, and blood glucose.

Potential data users should note that the public-use and restricted-use versions of the datasets are the same except for the masking of day component variables for certain dates in the public-use versions of the files (please see the Description of Variables section for full details). Therefore, only researchers with a limited set of research questions that require full birth, marriage, and death dates will need to apply for the restricted-use versions of the data files.

Additionally, because the final data files are very large and potentially very time consuming to analyze on personal computers, researchers have the option to download ten-percent samples of each file (see datasets 3, 4, 7, 8, 11, 12, 15, 16, 19, and 20). These samples contain the same variables as the original files but only ten percent of the records. The samples were determined by taking a randomly selected ten percent of households in each district. P.I. codebooks were not produced for these samples. Please note that the ten-percent samples for each dataset were selected independently, so it is not advised to merge across datasets within the AHS using these samples, as the match rates will be very low.

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Biodemographic Models of Reproductive Aging (BIMORA) Project, 1998-2002 [United States] (ICPSR 4452)

Released/updated on: 2006-10-25
Geographic coverage: United States
Time period: 1998-01-01--2002-01-01
In the early 1990s, researchers at Georgetown University, Pennsylvania State University, and the University of Utah proposed a five-year longitudinal study of female reproductive aging that would include the collection of hormonal, menstrual cycle, and health data from a group of women in order to advance the current understanding of the transition through menopause. The women selected for the BIMORA project were a subset of women belonging to the Tremin Research Program on Women's Health (TREMIN), a longitudinal, prospective study of menstrual cycles and female reproductive health that was begun in the 1930s by Dr. Alan Treloar at the University of Minnesota. As part of the TREMIN study, women recorded their menstrual cycles on calendar cards and were also asked to fill out annual and later biannual health surveys. The first cohort of women was recruited in the 1930s when many of them were attending the University of Minnesota. Some of their daughters, along with additional women, were recruited in the 1960s as part of a second cohort. Recruitment continued after the second cohort, and a total of 156 TREMIN women participated in the five-year BIMORA project. At the beginning of the study, they ranged in age from 25 to 58 years of age and many were from the second TREMIN cohort. Women could not be using exogenous hormones and had to have at least one intact ovary. The participating women had TREMIN data going back as far as the early 1960s, and they continued sending menstrual bleeding and health data to TREMIN during the BIMORA project. In addition, from January 15 to July 14 in each of the five years of the BIMORA project, participants collected daily urine specimens and made a daily record of medication use, health conditions, and menstrual bleeding. These data were analyzed in the BIMORA laboratory. The urine specimens were assayed for urinary conjugates of estrogen, progesterone, LH, and FSH. The TREMIN data and laboratory data were then merged into a single dataset.
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Chitwan Valley Family Study: Labour Outmigration, Agricultural Productivity and Food Security, Nepal, 2015-2017 (ICPSR 36755)

Released/updated on: 2022-05-02
Geographic coverage: Asia, Nepal
Time period: 2015-07-15--2015-12-20, 2016-03-02--2017-02-21, 2016-01-07--2017-11-01, 2016-01-12--2017-12-01, 2016-01-06--2017-05-07, 2016-03-11--2016-04-03, 2017-02-28--2017-04-04, 2016-06-13--2016-08-19, 2017-06-28--2017-08-10, 2016-02-03--2016-03-10, 2017-01-05--2017-03-26, 2015-10-26--2015-12-03, 2016-10-20--2016-11-27, 2016-03-26--2016-04-10, 2017-03-06--2017-04-10, 2015-03-01--2017-01-01, 2015-08-23--2017-06-21, 2015-08-23--2015-12-02, 2016-01-01--2016-05-08, 2016-05-16--2016-09-22, 2016-09-25--2017-01-29, 2017-03-02--2017-06-21, 2017-02-22--2017-06-21, 2015-07-15--2015-12-20, 2015-07-15--2015-12-20

The Chitwan Valley [Nepal] Family Study: Labor Outmigration, Agricultural Productivity and Food Security is a three year project with the aim to investigate the consequences of labor outmigration on agricultural productivity in a poor agricultural country persistently facing food security problems. A Data Guide for this study is available as a web page and for download.

This project's data collection is made up of twenty-five datasets:

Datasets 1-6: The Household Agriculture and Migration Survey includes information on household agricultural practices and remittances received by the household. Face-to-face interviews were conducted to collect data from household members who previously participated in the Chitwan Valley Family Study (ICPSR 4538).

Topics of the survey include crop production and farm technology use, wealth, assets, income, consumption, food security and information about each household member currently away from home. The survey also collected information on gender, ethnicity, and age.

Datasets 7-16: Measured yields of major crops grown by farm households that previously participated in the Chitwan Valley Family Study (ICPSR 4538).

Dataset 17: A monthly demographic event registry administered to all households that previously participated in the Chitwan Valley Family Study (ICPSR 4538).

Datasets 18-23: The Women's Time Use Survey was designed and administered to married, Nepalese women to collect information on changes in their time and involvement in agriculture and other activities. Face-to-face interviews and telephone interviews were conducted to collect data from women who previously participated in the Chitwan Valley Family Study (ICPSR 4538).

The collection covered a range of topics including farm work, hygiene, finances, health, and religion. Further, respondents were queried concerning socialization and assisting children and the elderly.

Datasets 24-25: The Women's Time Use Survey was designed and administered to married, Nepalese women to collect information on changes in their time and involvement in agriculture and other activities. Face-to-face interviews and telephone interviews were conducted to collect data from women who previously participated in the Chitwan Valley Family Study (ICPSR 4538).

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Effects of Early Abuse on Adult Intimate Relationships (ICPSR 35895)

Released/updated on: 2015-05-14
Geographic coverage: United States
This project conducts two studies that collect data to examine effects of a history of childhood abuse (CA) on adult intimate relationships. In Study 1, information on intimacy schemas is derived by conducting human-aided content analyses and computer-aided language analyses of control and intimacy through relevant essays written by 150 women with and 150 women without a history of CA. In Study 2, 165 women with a history of CA and intimacy difficulties are randomly assigned to write about either: 1) time management (control), 2) a past traumatic experience, or 3) intimacy-relevant schemas. Pre- and post- (1, 3, 6, months) writing intervention assessments are conducted to examine the impact of the writing interventions on intimacy variables.
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Efficacy of HIV Posttest Support for ANC in South Africa (ICPSR 35916)

Released/updated on: 2015-06-09
Geographic coverage: Africa, South Africa
This project collects data to examine the efficacy of an integrated model of HIV post-test support for women attending the King Edward VIII Hospital (KEH) Antenatal Care (ANC) Clinic in Durban, South Africa. This project first interviews a cohort of 1,495 HIV-positive and HIV-negative participants to determine baseline biological characteristics (gonorrhea, trichomonas vaginalis, chlamydia), as well as behavioral and psychosocial characteristics. After the interview, the project follows participants into 9 months post-partum to compare sexual risk factors associated with HIV transmission from mother to child.
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Financial Incentives for Smoking Cessation Among Disadvantaged Pregnant Women (ICPSR 35886)

Released/updated on: 2015-05-14
Geographic coverage: United States
This project consists of a randomized, controlled clinical trial comparing the efficacy and cost effectiveness through one-year postpartum of current best practices for smoking cessation during pregnancy vs. best practices plus financial incentives among 230 pregnant Medicaid recipients. It also includes a third condition of 115 pregnant non-smokers matched to the smokers on socio-demographic and health conditions to compare the extent to which the treatments reduce the burden of smoking and to estimate how much more might be accomplished by further improvements in the incentives intervention without exceeding cost-effectiveness.
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HIV Intervention Among Women at High Risk (ICPSR 35920)

Released/updated on: 2015-06-11
Geographic coverage: China (Peoples Republic)
This study is a cluster-randomized controlled trial of a peer-led multilevel and multi-component HIV intervention among women at high risk in China. The intervention is tested on 712 women working in the entertainment industry, divided at random into two groups. Both groups receive standard voluntary counseling and testing (VCT). The intervention group receives additional motivation-enhancing and gender-specific empowerment skills trainings delivered by trained peer educators, peer outreach, and a structural intervention to promote social, normative, and working environments supportive of HIV risk reduction. The intervention's efficacy is evaluated through assessments of self-reported HIV risk and preventive behaviors and newly detected STIs at 3-, 6-, and 12-month follow-ups.
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The Impact of Environmental and Physiological Factors on Sexual Assault and HIV (ICPSR 35889)

Released/updated on: 2015-05-14
Geographic coverage: Baltimore, United States, Maryland
This project recruits 400 HIV-negative African American women at increased risk for HIV from low-income health clinics in inner-city Baltimore, MD into a retrospective cohort study. By study design, at least one-third of the sample has experienced forced sex since the age of 18 and two-thirds have not experienced any abuse. In Phase I, participants complete a quantitative survey and biological data collection to measure salivary cortisol levels. In Phase II, a subset of women with a history of forced sex in adulthood (N=20) participate in qualitative in-depth interviews.
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Influences of Women's Empowerment on Marriage and Violence in Bangladesh (ICPSR 35858)

Released/updated on: 2015-05-01
Geographic coverage: Bangladesh
This study uses qualitative data to examine young women's relationships with their mothers and mothers-in-law to understand how these relationships foster empowerment in the younger generation or fail to do so. These data consist of ethnographic interviews with 20 triads of women - young married women, their mothers and their mothers-in-law.
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Knowledge, Attitudes, and Practice of Contraception in Taiwan: Fifth Province-Wide Fertility Survey (KAP V), 1979 (ICPSR 6866)

Released/updated on: 2002-03-07
Geographic coverage: Asia, Taiwan, Global
Time period: 1979-01-01--1980-01-01
The fifth of six province-wide surveys of married women in Taiwan was conducted in 1979 and 1980 to add to the information previously gathered in 1965 (KAP I, ICPSR 6862), 1967 (KAP II, ICPSR 6863), 1970 (KAP III, ICPSR 6864), and 1973 (KAP IV, ICPSR 6865) regarding women's knowledge of, attitudes toward, and practice of contraception. Along with continuing questions about family relations, fertility, family planning, and family demographics, the surveys collected additional information about the marriage process itself, premarital sex, how marriages were arranged, living arrangements prior to marriage, and attitudes and behavior regarding the influence of deceased relatives on the living. Demographic information such as age, education, employment, and family history was collected for both husband and wife.
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Knowledge, Attitudes, and Practice of Contraception in Taiwan: First Province-Wide Fertility Survey (KAP I), 1965 (ICPSR 6862)

Released/updated on: 2005-11-04
Geographic coverage: Asia, Taiwan, Global
The first of six province-wide surveys of married women in Taiwan was conducted in 1965 to obtain information on women's knowledge of, attitudes toward, and practice of contraception. Information about family relations, fertility, family planning, date and sex of live births, number of pregnancies, and family demographics was gathered from 3,719 women between the ages of 20 and 44. Detailed information was also gathered regarding contraceptive use (past and present), including the side effects of and satisfaction with intrauterine devices (IUDs). Demographic items such as age, education, employment, and family history are included for both husband and wife.
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Knowledge, Attitudes, and Practice of Contraception in Taiwan: Fourth Province-Wide Fertility Survey (KAP IV), 1973 (ICPSR 6865)

Released/updated on: 2005-11-04
Geographic coverage: Asia, Taiwan, Global
The fourth of six province-wide surveys of married women in Taiwan was conducted in 1973 to add to the information previously gathered in 1965 (KAP I, ICPSR 6862), 1967 (KAP II, ICPSR 6863), and 1970 (KAP III, ICPSR 6864) regarding women's knowledge of, attitudes toward, and practice of contraception. Questions were posed regarding family relations, fertility, family planning, and family demographics. Additional detailed questions focused on contraceptive use, including types of contraception and period of time that each type was used. Another primary focus of the fourth survey was the premarital family and nonfamily experiences of both husband and wife, with questions being asked about education, employment, and living arrangements prior to marriage. Demographic information such as age, education, employment, and family history was collected for both husband and wife.
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Knowledge, Attitudes, and Practice of Contraception in Taiwan: Second Province-Wide Fertility Survey (KAP II), 1967 (ICPSR 6863)

Released/updated on: 2005-11-04
Geographic coverage: Asia, Taiwan, Global
The second of six province-wide surveys of married women in Taiwan was conducted in 1967 to examine changes since 1965 (see KAP I, ICPSR 6862) regarding knowledge of, attitudes toward, and practice of contraception. Data were again collected regarding family relations, fertility, and family planning, along with family demographics. In addition, detailed information was gathered on each pregnancy and on topics such as the total number of live births, fetal deaths, induced abortions, and sterilization. Demographic information such as age, education, employment, and family history who collected for both husband and wife.
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Knowledge, Attitudes, and Practice of Contraception in Taiwan: Sixth Province-Wide Fertility Survey (KAP VI), 1986 (ICPSR 6867)

Released/updated on: 2005-11-04
Geographic coverage: Asia, Taiwan, Global
The last of six province-wide surveys of married women in Taiwan was conducted in 1986 to add to the information previously gathered in 1965 (KAP I, ICPSR 6862), 1967 (KAP II, ICPSR 6863), 1970 (KAP III, ICPSR 6864), 1973 (KAP IV, ICPSR 6865), and 1979 (KAP V, ICPSR 6866) regarding women's knowledge of, attitudes toward, and practice of contraception. In addition to continuing questions about family relations, fertility, family planning, and family demographics, this survey gathered additional information on current and past residential arrangements and whether the parents lived with any of the husband's married siblings. Also examined were employment and nonfamily residence prior to marriage, along with an in-depth look at the courtship process itself, including how the couple met, dating, and engagement. Demographic information such as age, education, employment, and family history was collected for both husband and wife.
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Knowledge, Attitudes, and Practice of Contraception in Taiwan: Third Province-Wide Fertility Survey (KAP III), 1970 (ICPSR 6864)

Released/updated on: 2005-11-04
Geographic coverage: Asia, Taiwan, Global
The third of six province-wide surveys of married women in Taiwan was conducted in 1970 to add to the information previously collected in 1965 (KAP I, ICPSR 6862) and 1967 (KAP II, ICPSR 6863) regarding women's knowledge of, attitudes toward, and practice of contraception. Data were again collected on family relations, fertility, and family planning. Changes in contraceptive knowledge and use were examined, and an additional sample of women married between 1967 and 1969 was added. Demographic information such as age, education, employment, and family history were collected for both husband and wife.
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Longitudinal Narrative Study of Women Who Were Unsuccessful in Work-based Welfare (ICPSR 35898)

Released/updated on: 2015-06-03
Geographic coverage: United States
This project conducts a longitudinal interview by following 40 women who have exhausted their 5-year lifetime limit of cash assistance from Temporary Assistance for Needy Families (TANF). Each woman is interviewed four times over a 12-month period.
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MI: Empowering Women to Make Contraceptive Choices While Incarcerated (ICPSR 35935)

Released/updated on: 2015-06-03
Geographic coverage: United States
This project evaluates an intervention aimed at increasing contraceptive use for incarcerated women as they re-enter their communities. 400 women from Rhode Island women's jails are randomly assigned to one of two interventions: three sessions of personalized Motivational Interviewing with Computer Assistance (MICA) or three sessions of Didactic Educational Counseling (DEC). MICA is based on the principles of the Transtheoretical Model (TTM) and on Motivational Interviewing (MI), an empirically supported counseling technique designed to enhance readiness to change targeted behaviors. The DEC provides didactic information about contraception, and sexually transmitted infection (STI) prevention and abstinence.
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Mode of First Delivery and Subsequent Child-bearing (ICPSR 35924)

Released/updated on: 2015-06-11
Geographic coverage: United States
This study collects interview data from women before and after their first childbirth, comparing those who have vaginal deliveries to those who have Cesarean sections. A diverse sample of 2,790 women is interviewed pre-delivery on their childbearing desires and intentions, and labor and delivery information are collected as well. Then, these women are followed for three years with assessments at 1, 6, 12, 18, 24, 30, and 36 months after their first delivery.
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National Pregnancy and Health Survey: Drug Use Among Women Delivering Live Births, 1992 (ICPSR 2835)

Released/updated on: 2008-07-31
Geographic coverage: United States
Time period: 1992-01-01--1993-01-01
The primary objective of the National Pregnancy and Health Survey (NPHS) was to produce national annual estimates of the percentages and numbers of mothers of live newborns in the United States who used selected licit and illicit drugs in the 12 months prior to delivery. A further objective was to describe patterns of prenatal substance use among demographic subgroups of women. Information on demographic and socioeconomic characteristics, obstetric history, and drug treatment of women who delivered infants at sampled hospitals was obtained through an interviewer-administered questionnaire, while data on substance use before and during pregnancy were collected through a questionnaire completed by the respondent and concealed from the interviewer. Respondents were asked about use of the following substances: alcohol, amphetamines, analgesics, cocaine, crack cocaine, barbiturates, hallucinogens, hashish, heroin, marijuana, methadone, methamphetamine, sedatives, stimulants, tobacco, and tranquilizers. Additionally, information was collected on the respondent's pregnancy, prenatal care, delivery, previous pregnancies, and background. Additional data were obtained from the mothers' and infants' medical records. Urine specimens collected routinely by the hospital on obstetric admissions were tested for selected drugs. Finally, in a subsample of six hospitals, hair specimens were requested from respondents to evaluate the potential of hair as a source of toxicological data in future studies.
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National Survey on HIV Risk for African-American Women (ICPSR 35902)

Released/updated on: 2015-06-03
Geographic coverage: United States
This study recruits 1,000 African American women between 18 and 44 years of age who are unmarried and sexually active to examine the gendered HIV risk factors in this population. Computer-Assisted Telephone Interviews are conducted over a 24-month follow-up period. Data are collected on the sexual division of labor, the sexual division of power, the structure of cathexis (norms and affective influences), unprotected sex, and number of sexual partners.
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Study of Women's Health Across the Nation (SWAN), 2003-2005: Visit 07 Dataset (ICPSR 31901)

Released/updated on: 2025-07-10
Geographic coverage: Inkster, Contra Costa County, Alameda County, United States, Chicago, Ypsilanti, California, Michigan, Pennsylvania, Illinois, Massachusetts, Los Angeles, Boston, Pittsburgh
Time period: 2003-05-15--2005-01-31
The Study of Women's Health Across the Nation (SWAN), is a multi-site longitudinal, epidemiologic study designed to examine the health of women during their middle years. The study examines the physical, biological, psychological and social changes during this transitional period. The goal of SWAN's research is to help scientists, health care providers and women learn how mid-life experiences affect health and quality of life during aging. Data were collected about doctor visits, medical conditions, medications, treatments, medical procedures, relationships, smoking, and menopause related information such as age at pre-, peri- and post-menopause, self-attitudes, feelings, and common physical problems associated with menopause. The study began in 1994. Between 2003 and 2005, 2,327 of the 3,302 women that joined SWAN were seen for their seventh follow-up visit. The research centers are located in the following communities: Ypsilanti and Inkster, MI (University of Michigan); Boston, MA (Massachusetts General Hospital); Chicago, IL (Rush Presbyterian-St. Luke's Medical Center); Alameda and Contra Costa County, CA (University of California-Davis and Kaiser Permanente); Los Angeles, CA (University of California-Los Angeles); Hackensack, NJ (Hackensack University Medical Center); and Pittsburgh, PA (University of Pittsburgh). SWAN participants represent five racial/ethnic groups and a variety of backgrounds and cultures. Though the New Jersey site was still part of the study, data was not collected from this site for the seventh visit. Demographic and background information includes age, language of interview, marital status, household composition, and employment.
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Study of Women's Health Across the Nation (SWAN): Cross-Sectional Screener Dataset, [United States], 1995-1997 (ICPSR 4368)

Released/updated on: 2019-03-11
Geographic coverage: Detroit, United States, Chicago, California, Oakland, New Jersey, Michigan, Pennsylvania, Illinois, Massachusetts, Los Angeles, Newark, Boston, Pittsburgh
Time period: 1995-01-01--1997-01-01

This collection includes screener data collected as part of the Study of Women's Health Across the Nation (SWAN), which is a multi-site longitudinal, epidemiologic study which began in 1994 and was designed to examine the health of women during their middle years. The study examines the physical, biological, psychological, and social changes during this transitional period. The goal of SWAN's research is to help scientists, health care providers, and women learn how mid-life experiences affect health and quality of life during aging. This data includes questions about doctor visits, medical conditions, medications, treatments, medical procedures, relationships, smoking, and menopause related information such as age at pre-, peri- and post-menopause, self-attitudes, feelings, and common physical problems associated with menopause. Also included in the data are background characteristics (age, race, occupation, education, marital status, and family size).

The SWAN study is co-sponsored by the National Institute on Aging (NIA), the National Institute of Nursing Research (NINR), the National Institutes of Health (NIH), and the NIH Office of Research on Women's Health. The screener dataset contains information from 16,142 women who responded to the SWAN cross-sectional screening interview during the period from 11/1/1995 through 12/1/1997 from the 7 clinical sites participating in the SWAN longitudinal study. The sites include Boston, Massachusetts, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, Oakland and Los Angeles, California, Detroit, Michigan, Newark, New Jersey and Chicago, Illinois. SWAN participants represent five racial/ethnic groups and a variety of backgrounds and cultures.

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Women Empowerment and Child Health in Developing Countries - Continuation 2 (ICPSR 35890)

Released/updated on: 2015-05-14
Geographic coverage: Ghana, Kenya, Sub-Saharan Africa
The project takes advantage of two unique randomized experiments to study the impact of education on early fertility and child health in Sub-Saharan Africa (specifically Kenya and Ghana). It collects detailed data on students several years after an initial intervention. In Ghana, the study cohort is followed yearly and detailed interviews are collected in 2012, 2015 and 2018. Datasets contain information on attitudes, cognitive and noncognitive skills, and preferences.
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The Women's Employment Study, Genesee County, Michigan, 1997-2004 (ICPSR 37077)

Released/updated on: 2025-10-16
Geographic coverage: United States, Michigan
Time period: 1997-01-01--1998-01-01, 1998-01-01--1999-01-01, 1999-01-01--2000-01-01, 2001-01-01--2002-01-01, 2003-01-01--2004-01-01

The Women's Employment Study, or "WES" combined the insights of poverty researchers, epidemiologists, and social workers by analyzing the ways in which a broad range of labor market, mental health, physical health, and family problems affect a welfare recipient's ability to obtain and retain employment over time.

WES initially began in the Fall of 1997, and five waves of the survey were completed by early 2004, with a high proportion of the original panel sample retained throughout the study.

The unique aspects of WES rest largely with the broad range of barriers it measures, and the longitudinal nature of the study that allows researchers to look at employment and welfare experiences over time.