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Curated

Chinese Household Income Project, 1988 (ICPSR 9836)

Released/updated on: 2010-07-06

Geographic coverage: China (Peoples Republic)

The purpose of this project was to measure and estimate the distribution of income in both rural and urban areas of the People's Republic of China. The principal investigators based their definition of income on cash payments and on a broad range of additional components: payments in kind valued at market prices, agricultural output produced for self-consumption valued at market prices, the value of ration coupons and other direct subsidies, and the imputed value of housing. The rural component of this collection consists of two data files, one in which the individual is the unit of analysis and a second in which the household is the unit of analysis. Individual rural respondents reported on their employment status, level of education, Communist Party membership, type of employer (e.g., public, private, or foreign), type of economic sector in which employed, occupation, whether they held a second job, retirement status, monthly pension, monthly wage, and other sources of income. Demographic variables include relationship to householder, gender, age, and student status. Rural households reported extensively on the character of the household and residence. Information was elicited on type of terrain surrounding the house, geographic position, type of house, and availability of electricity. Also reported were sources of household income (e.g., farming, industry, government, rents, and interest), taxes paid, value of farm, total amount and type of cultivated land, financial assets and debts, quantity and value of various crops (e.g., grains, cotton, flax, sugar, tobacco, fruits and vegetables, tea, seeds, nuts, lumber, livestock and poultry, eggs, fish and shrimp, wool, honey, and silkworm cocoons), amount of grain purchased or provided by a collective, use of chemical fertilizers, gasoline, and oil, quantity and value of agricultural machinery, and all household expenditures (e.g., food, fuel, medicine, education, transportation, and electricity). The urban component of this collection also consists of two data files, one in which the individual is the unit of analysis and a second in which the household is the unit of analysis. Individual urban respondents reported on their economic status within the household, Communist Party membership, sex, age, nature of employment, and relationship to the household head. Information was collected on all types and sources of income from each member of the household whether working, nonworking, or retired, all revenue received by owners of private or individual enterprises, and all in-kind payments (e.g., food and durable and non-durable goods). Urban households reported total income (including salaries, interest on savings and bonds, dividends, rent, leases, alimony, gifts, and boarding fees), all types and values of food rations received, and total debt. Information was also gathered on household accommodations and living conditions, including number of rooms, total living area in square meters, availability and cost of running water, sanitary facilities, heating and air-conditioning equipment, kitchen availability, location of residence, ownership of home, and availability of electricity and telephone. Households reported on all of their expenditures including amounts spent on food items such as wheat, rice, edible oils, pork, beef and mutton, poultry, fish and seafood, sugar, and vegetables by means of both coupons in state-owned stores and at free market prices. Information was also collected on rents paid by the households, fuel available, type of transportation used, and availability and use of medical and child care.

The Chinese Household Income Project collected data in 1988, 1995, 2002, and 2007. ICPSR holds data from the first three collections, and information about these can be found on the series description page. Data collected in 2007 are available through the China Institute for Income Distribution.

Curated

Simple Crosstabs

Retirement History Longitudinal Survey, 1971 (ICPSR 7684)

Released/updated on: 2015-05-14

Geographic coverage: United States

This longitudinal study is the second in a series of six surveys conducted to investigate the nature of retirement and the transition to a retirement lifestyle in the United States. The first longitudinal study to concentrate on the process of retirement and to include change over a period of time as an object of study, the six surveys in the Retirement History Longitudinal Survey (RHLS) aimed at learning in detail the connections between worklife characteristics, retirement timing, and the determinants of style, quality, and conduct of retirement. With the 1969 study as a baseline, this study, along with subsequent biennial studies, record the retirement process as it developed. To provide information on pre-retirement lives and attitudes of respondents, questions were asked regarding labor force history, retirement and retirement plans, health, household, family and social activities, income, assets, and debts for respondents and their spouses. Detailed information is provided on the sources and size of income and assets, as well as debts. Questions also focussed on retirement patterns and determinants of retirement timing, especially the relationship between pre-retirement income and expected post-retirement income. Also examined was the influence exerted by health, anticipated post-retirement needs and resources, employer policies, and significant work history. Labor force questions covered the respondents' occupation and attitudes toward that occupation, number of hours worked, salary, and unemployment and job-seeking behavior. Information on retirement plans included whether and when the respondents planned to retire, reasons for retirement, whether they had made retirement plans, such as moving residences or working after retirement, expected expenses and resources, workplace pension plans, amount of benefits, Social Security benefits, and subjective attitudes toward retirement. Respondents who were already partially or fully retired were asked to report retrospectively on retirement age, reasons for retirement, and whether they had planned for retirement prior to actually retiring. Questions on health experience included a measure of the respondents' physical health, hospitalization, health insurance coverage and other resources for payment of medical expenses, prescription and non-prescription medicines, and other medical supplies and services. Questions were asked concerning activity and income, including proximity and frequency of contact with close relatives, and receipt of financial support from relatives. Information on food and housing, transportation, gifts, and travel expenses was also gathered to provide a measure of changes in retirement lifestyle. Demographic items specify sex, age, marital status, education, income, benefits amount, assets, debts, number of children and children attending school, and household composition and relationship. Of the 10,169 cases contained in the data file, 245 cases represent interviews with surviving spouses of respondents who died sometime after the original 1969 survey.

Curated

Retirement History Longitudinal Survey, 1973 (ICPSR 7685)

Released/updated on: 2008-03-18

Geographic coverage: United States

This longitudinal study is the third in a series of six surveys conducted to investigate the nature of retirement and the transition to a retirement lifestyle in the United States. The first longitudinal study to concentrate on the process of retirement and to include change over a period of time as an object of study, the six surveys in the Retirement History Longitudinal Survey (RHLS) aimed at learning in detail the connections between worklife characteristics, retirement timing, and the determinants of style, quality, and conduct of retirement. With the 1969 study as a baseline, this study, along with subsequent biennial studies, record the retirement process as it developed. To provide information on pre-retirement lives and attitudes of respondents, questions were asked regarding labor force history, retirement and retirement plans, health, household, family and social activities, income, assets, and debts for respondents and their spouses. Detailed information is provided on the sources and size of income and assets, as well as debts. Questions also focussed on retirement patterns and determinants of retirement timing, especially the relationship between pre-retirement income and expected post-retirement income. Also examined was the influence exerted by health, anticipated post-retirement needs and resources, employer policies, and significant work history. Labor force questions covered the respondents' occupation and attitude toward that occupation, number of hours worked, salary, unemployment, and job-seeking behavior. Information on retirement plans included whether and when the respondents planned to retire, reasons for retirement, whether they had made retirement plans, such as moving residences or working, expected expenses and resources, and subjective attitudes toward retirement. Respondents who were already partially or fully retired were asked to report retrospectively on retirement age, reasons for retirement, and whether they had planned for retirement prior to actually retiring. Questions on health experience pertained to the calendar year prior to the interview, and included receipts and costs of physical examinations and dentist visits, hospitalization, prescription and non-prescription medicines, other medical supplies and services, health insurance coverage and other resources for payment of medical expenses, and a measure of the respondent's own physical health. Questions were also asked concerning activity and income, including proximity and frequency of contact with close relatives, and receipt of financial support from relatives. Information on food and housing, transportation, gifts, and travel expenses was also gathered to provide a measure of changes in retirement lifestyle. Demographic items specify sex, age, marital status, education, income, benefits amount, assets, debts, number of children and children attending school, and household composition and relationship. Of the 9,423 cases included in the data file, 495 cases represent interviews with surviving spouses of the original respondents who died sometime after the original 1969 survey.