Preventing Substance Use Among Youth, Michigan, 2021-2022 (ICPSR 39871)
Version Date: Jul 29, 2026 View help for published
Principal Investigator(s): View help for Principal Investigator(s)
Andria B. Eisman, Wayne State University
https://doi.org/10.3886/ICPSR39871.v1
Version V1
Summary View help for Summary
Drug use remains a major public health problem among youth in the United States. Effective implementation of evidence-based interventions for youth is critical for reducing the burden of drug use and its consequences. The Michigan Model for Health (MMH) is a universal prevention curriculum that has demonstrated efficacy in reducing adolescent substance use. Fidelity is essential to intervention effectiveness, yet youth rarely receive evidence-based interventions (EBIs) as intended; this is partly due to a poor fit between the intervention and the context. The disconnect between the EBI and context is especially pronounced among underserved and vulnerable populations, including among youth exposed to trauma. Trauma is a potent risk factor for substance use, abuse, and the development of substance use disorders. Consequently, there is a critical need to design and test effective, cost-efficient implementation strategies to optimize the fidelity of school-based drug use prevention to meet better the needs of youth exposed to trauma. The study designed and tested a multi-component implementation strategy to improve intervention-context fit and enhance fidelity and effectiveness.
This study was using a 2-group, mixed method, randomized trial design, this pilot study compared standard implementation (Replicating Effective Programs [REP]) versus enhanced REP to deliver MMH. REP is an implementation strategy bundle that promotes EBI fidelity through curriculum packaging, training, and as-needed technical assistance. Enhanced REP incorporates tailoring of the EBI package and training and deploys customized implementation support (i.e., implementation facilitation). The research focuses on youth at heightened risk of drug use and its consequences due to trauma exposure.
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Access to these data is restricted. Users interested in obtaining these data must complete a Restricted Data Use Agreement, specify the reason for the request, and obtain IRB approval or notice of exemption for their research.
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Study Purpose View help for Study Purpose
The purpose of this study is to design and test a multicomponent implementation strategy that improves intervention-context fit and enhances implementation fidelity and intervention effectiveness.
Sample View help for Sample
The study used a purposeful sampling approach to select high schools meeting specific eligibility criteria. Eligible schools were required to have at least 20% of students eligible for free or reduced-price lunch, deliver less than 80% of the required health curriculum, and/or report at least one significant barrier to curriculum delivery. Additionally, schools needed to be located within the regions the two participating coordinators served. From the universe of all high schools in these regions, coordinators contacted schools that fit the criteria through direct communication and collaboration with school administrators. High school health teachers in these schools were then invited to participate in the study. This sampling approach ensured that the selected cases were relevant to the study's objectives and allowed for a focused exploration of implementation barriers and facilitators in schools serving populations with higher socioeconomic needs.
Universe View help for Universe
Students ages 13-17 enrolled in a high school health class in the schools recruited to participate in the study.
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The implementation strategy was delivered at the school level. The data were gathered during 2021-2022 school year, during the COVID-19 pandemic. Schools withdrew (n=1) or were lost to follow-up (n=2), automatically resulting in the student data loss. Among the 815 students completing the baseline survey, 288 were matched pre-post using a unique identifier algorithm and matching process in R. The final sample includes only pre-post-matched data.
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Several Likert-type scales were used.
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Due to the unbalanced differences between the control and treatment groups, the study team used entropy balancing, a method developed by Hainmueller (Hainmueller, 2012), that develops a specific weighting scheme to balance the control and treatment groups based on pre-determined covariates. Specifically, the study team recommends this approach to balance the treatment and control groups on race and food insecurity status at baseline to account for differential loss to follow-up between the groups.
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