COVID-19 Trends and Impact Survey (CTIS), United States, 2020-2022 (ICPSR 39207)

Version Date: Feb 28, 2025

Cite this study |

Principal Investigator(s):
Alex Reinhart, Carnegie Mellon University; Robin Mejia, Carnegie Mellon University; Ryan J. Tibshirani, University of California-Berkeley

https://doi.org/10.3886/ICPSR39207.v1

Version V1

Slide tabs to view more

Summary

The United States COVID-19 Trends and Impact Survey (CTIS) was a voluntary survey of Facebook users in the United States conducted from April 2020 to June 2022. CTIS was intended to aid in pandemic forecasting and response at fine spatiotemporal detail. Through collaboration with Meta, it randomly sampled Facebook active users at a rate sufficient to provide roughly 35,000 responses per day, on average. Survey questions covered topics including COVID-like symptoms, behavior (such as social distancing), COVID testing, mental health, health-related beliefs, trust in officials and information sources, schooling, vaccination acceptance and hesitancy, and related subjects. Respondents provided their ZIP code. Demographic variables include age, gender, education, race/ethnicity, and occupation. Meta generated survey weights to correct for non-response and to match the US adult population age and gender distribution.

The 27 datasets make up the microdata. Users should see the Microdata User Guide for documentation on the use and interpretation of the microdata files.

Two zip files are available for public download: a monthly data zip file and a weekly data zip file. These include the aggregate data. To access these files, go to the "Download" tab and select "Other." Ensure you have enough storage space before proceeding, as the files are large.

Citation

Reinhart, Alex, Mejia, Robin, and Tibshirani, Ryan J. COVID-19 Trends and Impact Survey (CTIS), United States, 2020-2022. Inter-university Consortium for Political and Social Research [distributor], 2025-02-28. https://doi.org/10.3886/ICPSR39207.v1

Export Citation:

  • RIS (generic format for RefWorks, EndNote, etc.)
  • EndNote

Funding

United States Department of Health and Human Services. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (U01IP001121), Meta Inc., Google.org

Subject Terms

Geographic Coverage

Smallest Geographic Unit

FIPS code

Restrictions

This data collection may not be used for any purpose other than statistical reporting and analysis. Use of these data to learn the identity of any person or establishment is prohibited. To protect respondent privacy, some of the data files in this collection are restricted from general dissemination. To obtain these restricted files researchers must agree to the terms and conditions of a Restricted Data Use Agreement.

Distributor(s)

Inter-university Consortium for Political and Social Research
Hide

Time Period(s)

2020-04 -- 2022-06

Date of Collection

2020-04-06 -- 2022-06-26

Data Collection Notes

  1. A global version of CTIS was conducted by the University of Maryland Social Data Science Center and is available separately.

  2. Please visit the CTIS website for additional information.
Hide

Study Purpose

The aim of this study was to support research and inform public health decisions relating to the COVID-19 pandemic.

Study Design

CTIS was a daily repeated cross-sectional survey that ran continuously starting April 6, 2020 in the US. The sampling frame was Facebook users aged 18 years or older who have been active on the platform in the last month. Sampled Facebook users saw the invitation at the top of their Feed, but the surveys were collected by the universities using Qualtrics hosted by Carnegie Mellon University or University of Maryland. Meta neither collected nor received survey responses. There were 12 versions of the survey questionnaires. The Delphi US CTIS was translated into 8 languages.

Sample

Daily stratified random sample of the adult Facebook Active User Base in the United States.

Time Method

Longitudinal: Trend / Repeated Cross-section

Universe

Adult residents of the United States who are active Facebook users.

Unit(s) of Observation

Individual

Data Type(s)

Mode of Data Collection

Response Rates

See section 4.6 of the Methodology Report for the COVID-19 Trends and Impact Survey, provided with this data, for cooperation rates and their method of calculation.

Hide

Original Release Date

2025-02-27

Version History

2025-02-27 ICPSR data undergo a confidentiality review and are altered when necessary to limit the risk of disclosure. ICPSR also routinely creates ready-to-go data files along with setups in the major statistical software formats as well as standard codebooks to accompany the data. In addition to these procedures, ICPSR performed the following processing steps for this data collection:

  • Created variable labels and/or value labels.
  • Performed recodes and/or calculated derived variables.
  • Checked for undocumented or out-of-range codes.

Hide

Weight

A weight variable is provided to correct for non-response bias and to post-stratify to match the United States age and gender distribution. See the User Guide for the COVID-19 Trends and Impact Survey Weights for details on use of the weights.

Hide

Notes