National Wellbeing Survey, United States, 2023 (ICPSR 39192)

Time Period(s) View help for Time Period(s)

Date of Collection View help for Date of Collection

Data Collection Notes View help for Data Collection Notes

Study Purpose View help for Study Purpose

The purpose of this study was to develop an overall understanding of wellbeing of adults aged 18 to 64 in the United States.

Study Design View help for Study Design

This study used a non-probability, opt-in, online panel of U.S. adults administered through Qualtrics Panels. The sample design included an oversample of rural residents; 26% of respondents (N=1,862) reside in a non-metropolitan county.

Sample View help for Sample

Non-probability, opt-in, online panel of 7,105 non-institutionalized U.S. adults administered through Qualtrics Panels.

Time Method View help for Time Method

Universe View help for Universe

Noninstitutionalized adults in the United States who ranged in age from 18 to 64 years old and who were able to read English.

Unit(s) of Observation View help for Unit(s) of Observation

Data Type(s) View help for Data Type(s)

Mode of Data Collection View help for Mode of Data Collection

Description of Variables View help for Description of Variables

Survey topics include psychosocial wellbeing, social relationships and support, participation in social activities, physical health, mental health, health behaviors, health care use, employment quality and experiences, drug use, COVID-19 experiences, socioeconomic measures, political orientation, and demographic measures (race/ethnicity, sex/gender, sexual orientation, and age).

Response Rates View help for Response Rates

The traditional response rate is not a useful measure for opt-in online panels because they use passive recruitment (e.g., invitation could be embedded in a longer email, repeated invitations are not sent), and the traditional response rate does not account for whether the email was opened or sent to junk folders. Qualtrics sent a request to complete the survey to 167,451 email addresses. Of those, 38,519 clicked the link to enter to survey landing page. Of those, 20,020 were ineligible to proceed with the survey due to sample quota requirements (i.e., they represented a demographic category for which we had already achieved our sample quota). Therefore, 18,499 people who opened the email were eligible. From there, a total of 14,891 respondents completed the survey.

Collectively, Qualtrics and the research team dropped 7,786 surveys due to concerns about data quality (e.g., speeding, straight lining), resulting in 7,105 completed quality surveys. Accordingly, the overall response rate as traditionally defined would be 8.9% (14,891 completed surveys/167,451 email requests). However, the quality survey completion rate among those who accessed the survey landing page and were eligible to complete the survey was 38.4% (7,105 quality surveys/18,499).

Presence of Common Scales View help for Presence of Common Scales

• "McArthur Scale of Subjective Social Status" Adler, N. E., Epel, E. S., Castellazzo, G., & Ickovics, J. R. (2000). Relationship of subjective and objective social status with psychological and physiological functioning: Preliminary data in healthy, White women. Health Psychology, 19(6), 586-592.
• "PHQ-4: The Four-Item Patient Health Questionnaire for Anxiety and Depression" Kroenke, K., Spitzer, R. L., Williams, J. B., & Löwe, B. (2009). An ultra-brief screening scale for anxiety and depression: the PHQ-4. Psychosomatics, 50(6), 613-621.
• "The Brief Resilience Scale" Smith, B. W., Dalen, J., Wiggins, K., Tooley, E., Christopher, P., & Bernard, J. (2008). The brief resilience scale: assessing the ability to bounce back. International journal of behavioral medicine, 15(3), 194-200.
• "The Cantril Self-Anchoring Striving Scale" Gallup. (2012). Understanding how Gallup uses the Cantril Scale. Retrieved from https://news.gallup.com/poll/122453/understanding-gallup-uses-cantril-scale.aspx
• "The Satisfaction With Life Scale" Diener, E., Emmons, R. A., Larsen, R. J., & Griffin, S. (1985). The satisfaction with life scale. Journal of personality assessment, 49(1), 71-75.
• "UCLA 20-Item Loneliness Scale & UCLA 3-Item Loneliness Scale" Russell, D. W. (1996). UCLA Loneliness Scale (Version 3): Reliability, validity, and factor structure. Journal of personality assessment, 66(1), 20-40.

Original Release Date View help for Original Release Date

2024-10-30

Version History View help for Version History

Weight View help for Weight

The NWS dataset includes a final global survey weight (FINAL_WEIGHT) that serves the dual purpose of helping to correct for the non-probability design of the NWS, as well as maximize national representativeness. The dataset also includes replicate weights that facilitate estimates of sampling variability. Users should review the Methodology Report to determine which weights are most appropriate for their analyses.