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The Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance System (BRFSS) is a system of health-related telephone surveys that collect state data about U.S. residents regarding their health-related risk behaviors, chronic health conditions, and use of preventive services. Established in 1984 with 15 states, BRFSS now collects data in all 50 states as well as the District of Columbia and three U.S. territories. BRFSS completes more than 400,000 adult interviews each year.

This data collection is comprised of responses from two sets of survey questionnaires, the basic Current Population Survey (CPS) and a survey administered as a supplement to the August 2006 basic CPS questionnaire on the topic of tobacco use in the United States. The Tobacco Use Supplement (TUS), sponsored by the National Cancer Institute and the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, was also administered in May 2006 (ICPSR 24781) and January 2007 (ICPSR 24783). These three supplements comprise the 2006-2007 waves of TUS data.

The basic CPS, administered monthly, collects labor force data about the civilian noninstitutional population living in the United States. Moreover, the CPS provides current estimates of the economic status and activities of this population which includes estimates of total employment (both farm and nonfarm), nonfarm self-employed persons, domestics, and unpaid helpers in nonfarm family enterprises, wage and salaried employees, and estimates of total unemployment. Data from the CPS are provided for the week prior to the administration of the survey.

The TUS, like most CPS supplements, was designed to be a proxy response supplement, meaning a single respondent could provide answers for all eligible household members, provided the respondent was a household member 15 years of age or older. Unique to the TUS design were also a set of self-respondent supplement questions. All household members age 15 years and older who had completed the basic CPS core items were eligible for the August 2006 supplement items. Beginning in August 2006, 15-17 year old respondents were phased out of the TUS and they were entirely omitted from the January 2007 sample due to Census Bureau budget constraints.

The TUS consisted of items PEA1 through SINTTP. Self-respondents were eligible for the entire supplement, whereas proxy respondents were only eligible for certain items. Information was collected from proxies on topics such as smoking status (items PEA1-PEA3) and the use of other tobacco-related products, such as pipes, cigars, chewing tobacco, and snuff (items PEAJ1A1-PEAJ1A4 and PEJ2A1-PEJSA4).

In addition to these smoking and other tobacco use status questions, self-respondents were queried on the following topics depending on their smoking/tobacco use status (i.e., every day, some days, or former cigarette smokers and/or users of other non-cigarette tobacco products):

• Smoking history

• Current cigarette smoking prevalence and consumption

• Type of cigarettes smoked

• Price of last pack/carton of cigarettes purchased and state of purchase

• Medical and dental advice to quit smoking

• Attempts and intentions to quit smoking cigarettes and/or other forms of tobacco use

• Awareness of 1-800-QUIT-NOW

• Workplace smoking policies and smoking rules in the home

• Attitudes toward smoking in public places

Another generally unique feature to the 2006-2007 TUS-CPS was the administration of questions to former smokers on their previous level of addiction, use of quitlines, and advice from health professionals. This feature enables comparisons between characteristics of former smokers (or successful quitters) and current smokers attempting to quit.

Demographic information collected include age, sex, race, Hispanic origin, marital status, veteran status, educational attainment, family relationship, occupation, and income.

This data collection is comprised of responses from two sets of survey questionnaires, the basic Current Population Survey (CPS) and a survey administered as a supplement to the February 2002 questionnaire on the topic of tobacco use in the United States. The Tobacco Use Supplement (TUS), sponsored by the National Cancer Institute and the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, was also administered in June 2001 (ICPSR 4043) and November 2001 (ICPSR 4044). These three supplements comprise the 2001-2002 waves of TUS data.

The basic CPS, administered monthly, collects labor force data about the civilian noninstitutional population living in the United States. Moreover, the CPS provides current estimates of the economic status and activities of this population which includes estimates of total employment (both farm and nonfarm), nonfarm self-employed persons, domestics, and unpaid helpers in nonfarm family enterprises, wage and salaried employees, and estimates of total unemployment. Data from the CPS are provided for the week prior to the administration of the survey.

All household members age 15 years and older who had completed the basic CPS monthly items were eligible for the TUS, which consisted of items PES32 through PES77. The TUS was mainly designed to be a proxy response survey, meaning a single respondent could provide answers for all eligible household members. Unique to the TUS design were also a set of self-respondent questions. Self-respondents were eligible for the entire supplement, whereas proxy respondents were only eligible for questions on the topics of smoking status (items PES32-PES34) and the use of other tobacco products; for example, pipes, cigars, chewing tobacco, and snuff (items PES62A-PES63B).

Additionally, self-respondents were asked various questions depending on their smoking status -- former, everyday, or occasional (items PES36-PES46 and PES55-PES61). Current everyday and occasional smokers were then asked whether the medical community had advised them to quit smoking or if they were planning to quit in the near future (items PES47-PES54). Self-respondents were further queried on smoking policies in their work place (items PES67-PES71), smoking rules in the home (item PES73) and questions on opinions about smoking (items PES72, PES75-PES77).

Administrative information was collected on who the proxy respondents were, the language in which the interview was conducted, and the survey method (telephone vs. personal-visit interviews; Computer Assisted Telephone Interviewing (CATI) vs. Computer Assisted Personal Interviewing (CAPI)). Demographic information collected includes age, sex, race, Hispanic origin, marital status, veteran status, educational attainment, family relationship, occupation, and income.

This data collection is comprised of responses from two sets of survey questionnaires, the basic Current Population Survey (CPS) and a survey administered as a supplement to the February 2003 questionnaire on the topic of tobacco use in the United States. The Tobacco Use Supplement (TUS), sponsored by the National Cancer Institute and the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, was also administered in June 2003 (ICPSR 4527) and November 2003 (ICPSR 4528). These three supplements comprise the 2003 wave of TUS data.

The basic CPS, administered monthly, collects labor force data about the civilian noninstitutional population living in the United States. Moreover, the CPS provides current estimates of the economic status and activities of this population which includes estimates of total employment (both farm and nonfarm), nonfarm self-employed persons, domestics, and unpaid helpers in nonfarm family enterprises, wage and salaried employees, and estimates of total unemployment. Data from the CPS are provided for the week prior to the administration of the survey.

The TUS, like most CPS supplements, was designed to be a proxy response supplement, meaning a single respondent could provide answers for all eligible household members, provided the respondent was a household member 15 years of age or older. Unique to the TUS design were also a set of self-respondent supplement questions. All household members age 15 years and older who had completed the basic CPS core items were eligible for the February 2003 supplement items.

The TUS consisted of items PEA1 through PEK5. Self-respondents were eligible for the entire supplement, whereas proxy respondents were only eligible for certain items. Information was collected from proxies on topics such as smoking status (items PEA1-PEA3) and the use of other tobacco-related products, such as pipes, cigars, chewing tobacco, and snuff (items PEJ1a -PEJ2a).

In addition to these smoking status and other tobacco use questions, self-respondents were queried on the following topics depending on their smoking/tobacco use status (i.e., every day, some days, or former cigarette smokers and/or users of other non-cigarette tobacco products):

• Smoking history

• Current cigarette smoking prevalence and consumption

• Type of cigarettes smoked

• Price of last pack/carton of cigarettes purchased and state where purchased

• Medical and dental advice to quit smoking

• Attempts and intentions to quit smoking cigarettes and/or other forms of tobacco use

• Workplace smoking policies and smoking rules in the home

• Attitudes toward smoking in public places

Another generally unique feature to the 2003 TUS-CPS was the administration of questions to former smokers on their previous level of addiction, products/resources/methods used to quit smoking, and advice from health professionals. This feature enables comparisons between characteristics of former smokers (or successful quitters) and current smokers attempting to quit.

Administrative information was collected on who the proxy respondents were, the language in which the interview was conducted, and the survey method (telephone vs. personal-visit interviews; Computer Assisted Telephone Interviewing (CATI) vs. Computer Assisted Personal Interviewing (CAPI)). Demographic information collected include age, sex, race, Hispanic origin, marital status, veteran status, educational attainment, family relationship, occupation, and income.

This data collection is comprised of responses from two sets of survey questionnaires, the basic Current Population Survey (CPS) and a survey administered as a supplement to the January 2007 basic CPS questionnaire on the topic of tobacco use in the United States. The Tobacco Use Supplement (TUS), sponsored by the National Cancer Institute and the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, was also administered in May 2006 (ICPSR 24781) and August 2006 (ICPSR 24782). These three supplements comprise the 2006-2007 waves of TUS data.

The basic CPS, administered monthly, collects labor force data about the civilian noninstitutional population living in the United States. Moreover, the CPS provides current estimates of the economic status and activities of this population which includes estimates of total employment (both farm and nonfarm), nonfarm self-employed persons, domestics, and unpaid helpers in nonfarm family enterprises, wage and salaried employees, and estimates of total unemployment. Data from the CPS are provided for the week prior to the administration of the survey.

The TUS, like most CPS supplements, was designed to be a proxy response supplement, meaning a single respondent could provide answers for all eligible household members, provided the respondent was a household member 15 years of age or older. Unique to the TUS design were also a set of self-respondent supplement questions. All household members age 18 years and older who had completed the basic CPS core items were eligible for the January 2007 supplement items. Beginning in August 2006, 15-17 year old respondents were phased out of the TUS and they were entirely omitted from the January 2007 sample due to Census Bureau budget constraints (but remained for the May and August 2006 waves).

The TUS consisted of items PEA1 through SINTTP. Self-respondents were eligible for the entire supplement, whereas proxy respondents were only eligible for certain items. Information was collected from proxies on topics such as smoking status (items PEA1-PEA3) and the use of other tobacco-related products, such as pipes, cigars, chewing tobacco, and snuff (items PEAJ1A1-PEAJ1A4 and PEJ2A1-PEJSA4).

In addition to these smoking and other tobacco use status questions, self-respondents were queried on the following topics depending on their smoking/tobacco use status (i.e., every day, some days, or former cigarette smokers and/or users of other non-cigarette tobacco products):

• Smoking history

• Current cigarette smoking prevalence and consumption

• Type of cigarettes smoked

• Price of last pack/carton of cigarettes purchased and state of purchase

• Medical and dental advice to quit smoking

• Attempts and intentions to quit smoking cigarettes and/or other forms of tobacco use

• Awareness of 1-800-QUIT-NOW

• Workplace smoking policies and smoking rules in the home

• Attitudes toward smoking in public places

Another generally unique feature to the 2006-2007 TUS-CPS was the administration of questions to former smokers on their previous level of addiction, use of quitlines, and advice from health professionals. This feature enables comparisons between characteristics of former smokers (or successful quitters) and current smokers attempting to quit.

Demographic information collected include age, sex, race, Hispanic origin, marital status, veteran status, educational attainment, family relationship, occupation, and income.

The Current Population Survey Tobacco Use Supplement data collection from January 2015 is comprised of responses from two sets of survey questionnaires, the basic Current Population Survey (CPS) and a Tobacco Use Supplement (TUS) survey. The TUS 2014-2015 Wave consists of three collections: July 2014, January 2015, and May 2015.

The CPS, administered monthly, is the source of the official government statistics on employment and unemployment. From time to time, additional questions are included on health, education, and previous work experience. The Tobacco Use Supplement to the CPS is a National Cancer Institute sponsored survey of tobacco use that has been administered as part of the US Census Bureau's CPS approximately every 3-4 years since 1992-1993.

Similar to other CPS supplements, the Tobacco Use Supplement was designed for both proxy and self-respondents. All CPS household members age 18 and older who completed CPS core items in January 2015 were eligible for the supplement items. A new feature for the 2014-2015 cycle included random selection of self-interviewed respondents in larger households to reduce respondent burden. If the household had only 1 supplement eligible member then that person was selected for self-interview. If the household had only 2 supplement eligible members, then both of them were selected for self-interview. If the household had 3 or 4 supplement eligible members, then 2 of them were randomly selected for self-interview and the remaining were interviewed by proxy. If the household had more than 4 supplement eligible members, then 3 of them were randomly selected for self-interview and the rest of the eligible respondents were interviewed by proxy.

Those selected for self-interview were eligible for the entire supplement, whereas proxy respondents were only eligible for an abbreviated interview. Occasionally, those persons to be interviewed by proxy, if available for self- interview, were interviewed directly but asked the abbreviated proxy path questions.

Both proxy and self-respondents were asked about their smoking status and the use of other tobacco products. For self-respondents only, different questions were asked depending on their tobacco use status: for former/current smokers, questions were asked about type of cigarettes smoked, measures of addiction, attempts to quit smoking, methods and treatments used to quit smoking, and if they were planning to quit in the future. All self-respondents were asked about smoking policy at their work place and their attitudes towards smoking in different locations.

Demographic information within this collection includes age, sex, race, Hispanic origin, marital status, veteran status, immigration status, educational background, employment status, occupation, and income.

The Current Population Survey Tobacco Use Supplement data collection from July 2015 is comprised of responses from two sets of survey questionnaires, the basic Current Population Survey (CPS) and a Tobacco Use Supplement (TUS) survey. The TUS 2014-2015 Wave consists of three collections: July 2014, January 2015, and May 2015.

The CPS, administered monthly, is the source of the official government statistics on employment and unemployment. From time to time, additional questions are included on health, education, and previous work experience. The Tobacco Use Supplement to the CPS is a National Cancer Institute sponsored survey of tobacco use that has been administered as part of the US Census Bureau's CPS approximately every 3-4 years since 1992-1993.

Similar to other CPS supplements, the Tobacco Use Supplement was designed for both proxy and self-respondents. All CPS household members age 18 and older who completed CPS core items in July 2014 were eligible for the supplement items. A new feature for the 2014-2015 cycle included random selection of self-interviewed respondents in larger households to reduce respondent burden. If the household had only 1 supplement eligible member then that person was selected for self-interview. If the household had only 2 supplement eligible members, then both of them were selected for self-interview. If the household had 3 or 4 supplement eligible members, then 2 of them were randomly selected for self-interview and the remaining were interviewed by proxy. If the household had more than 4 supplement eligible members, then 3 of them were randomly selected for self-interview and the rest of the eligible respondents were interviewed by proxy.

Those selected for self-interview were eligible for the entire supplement, whereas proxy respondents were only eligible for an abbreviated interview. Occasionally, those persons to be interviewed by proxy, if available for self-interview, were interviewed directly but asked the abbreviated proxy path questions.

Both proxy and self-respondents were asked about their smoking status and the use of other tobacco products. For self-respondents only, different questions were asked depending on their tobacco use status: for former/current smokers, questions were asked about type of cigarettes smoked, measures of addiction, attempts to quit smoking, methods and treatments used to quit smoking, and if they were planning to quit in the future. All self-respondents were asked about smoking policy at their work place and their attitudes towards smoking in different locations.

Demographic information within this collection includes age, sex, race, Hispanic origin, marital status, veteran status, immigration status, educational background, employment status, occupation, and income.

This data collection is comprised of responses from two sets of survey questionnaires, the basic Current Population Survey (CPS) and a survey administered as a supplement to the June 2001 questionnaire on the topic of tobacco use in the United States. The Tobacco Use Supplement (TUS), sponsored by the National Cancer Institute and the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, was also administered in November 2001 (ICPSR 4044) and February 2002 (ICPSR 4031). These three supplements comprise the 2001-2002 waves of TUS data.

The basic CPS, administered monthly, collects labor force data about the civilian noninstitutional population living in the United States. Moreover, the CPS provides current estimates of the economic status and activities of this population which includes estimates of total employment (both farm and nonfarm), nonfarm self-employed persons, domestics, and unpaid helpers in nonfarm family enterprises, wage and salaried employees, and estimates of total unemployment. Data from the CPS are provided for the week prior to the administration of the survey.

All household members age 15 years and older who had completed the basic CPS monthly items were eligible for the TUS, which consisted of items PES32 through PES77. The TUS was mainly designed to be a proxy response survey, meaning a single respondent could provide answers for all eligible household members. Unique to the TUS design were also a set of self-respondent questions. Self-respondents were eligible for the entire supplement, whereas proxy respondents were only eligible for questions on the topics of smoking status (items PES32-PES34) and the use of other tobacco products; for example, pipes, cigars, chewing tobacco, and snuff (items PES62A-PES63B).

Additionally, self-respondents were asked various questions depending on their smoking status -- former, everyday, or occasional (items PES36-PES46 and PES55-PES61). Current everyday and occasional smokers were then asked whether the medical community had advised them to quit smoking or if they were planning to quit in the near future (items PES47-PES54). Self-respondents were further queried on smoking policies in their work place (items PES67-PES71), smoking rules in the home (item PES73) and questions on opinions about smoking (items PES72, PES75-PES77).

Administrative information was collected on who the proxy respondents were, the language in which the interview was conducted, and the survey method (telephone vs. personal-visit interviews; Computer Assisted Telephone Interviewing (CATI) vs. Computer Assisted Personal Interviewing (CAPI)). Demographic information collected includes age, sex, race, Hispanic origin, marital status, veteran status, educational attainment, family relationship, occupation, and income.

This data collection is comprised of responses from two sets of survey questionnaires, the basic Current Population Survey (CPS) and a survey administered as a supplement to the June 2003 questionnaire on the topic of tobacco use in the United States. The Tobacco Use Supplement (TUS), sponsored by the National Cancer Institute and the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, was also administered in February 2003 (ICPSR 4526) and November 2003 (ICPSR 4528). These three supplements comprise the 2003 wave of TUS data.

The basic CPS, administered monthly, collects labor force data about the civilian noninstitutional population living in the United States. Moreover, the CPS provides current estimates of the economic status and activities of this population which includes estimates of total employment (both farm and nonfarm), nonfarm self-employed persons, domestics, and unpaid helpers in nonfarm family enterprises, wage and salaried employees, and estimates of total unemployment. Data from the CPS are provided for the week prior to the administration of the survey.

The TUS, like most CPS supplements, was designed to be a proxy response supplement, meaning a single respondent could provide answers for all eligible household members, provided the respondent was a household member 15 years of age or older. Unique to the TUS design were also a set of self-respondent supplement questions. All household members age 15 years and older who had completed the basic CPS core items were eligible for the June 2003 supplement items.

The TUS consisted of items PEA1 through PEK5. Self-respondents were eligible for the entire supplement, whereas proxy respondents were only eligible for certain items. Information was collected from proxies on topics such as smoking status (items PEA1-PEA3) and the use of other tobacco-related products, such as pipes, cigars, chewing tobacco, and snuff (items PEJ1a -PEJ2a).

In addition to these smoking status and other tobacco use questions, self-respondents were queried on the following topics depending on their smoking/tobacco use status (i.e., every day, some days, or former cigarette smokers and/or users of other non-cigarette tobacco products):

• Smoking history

• Current cigarette smoking prevalence and consumption

• Type of cigarettes smoked

• Price of last pack/carton of cigarettes purchased and state where purchased

• Medical and dental advice to quit smoking

• Attempts and intentions to quit smoking cigarettes and/or other forms of tobacco use

• Workplace smoking policies and smoking rules in the home

• Attitudes toward smoking in public places

Another generally unique feature to the 2003 TUS-CPS was the administration of questions to former smokers on their previous level of addiction, products/resources/methods used to quit smoking, and advice from health professionals. This feature enables comparisons between characteristics of former smokers (or successful quitters) and current smokers attempting to quit.

Administrative information was collected on who the proxy respondents were, the language in which the interview was conducted, and the survey method (telephone vs. personal-visit interviews; Computer Assisted Telephone Interviewing (CATI) vs. Computer Assisted Personal Interviewing (CAPI)). Demographic information collected include age, sex, race, Hispanic origin, marital status, veteran status, educational attainment, family relationship, occupation, and income.

This data collection is comprised of responses from two sets of survey questionnaires, the basic Current Population Survey (CPS) and a survey administered as a supplement to the May 2006 questionnaire on the topic of tobacco use in the United States. The Tobacco Use Supplement (TUS), sponsored by the National Cancer Institute and the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, was also administered in August 2006 (ICPSR 24782) and January 2007 (ICPSR 24783). These three supplements comprise the 2006-2007 waves of TUS data.

The basic CPS, administered monthly, collects labor force data about the civilian noninstitutional population living in the United States. Moreover, the CPS provides current estimates of the economic status and activities of this population which includes estimates of total employment (both farm and nonfarm), nonfarm self-employed persons, domestics, and unpaid helpers in nonfarm family enterprises, wage and salaried employees, and estimates of total unemployment. Data from the CPS are provided for the week prior to the administration of the survey.

The TUS -- like most CPS supplements -- was designed to be a proxy response supplement, meaning a single respondent could provide answers for all eligible household members, provided the respondent was a household member 15 years of age or older. Unique to the TUS design were also a set of self-respondent supplement questions. All household members age 15 years and older who had completed the basic CPS core items were eligible for the May 2006 supplement items. Beginning in August 2006, 15-17 year old respondents were phased out of the TUS and they were entirely omitted from the January 2007 sample due to Census Bureau budget constraints.

The TUS consisted of items PEA1 through SINTTP. Self-respondents were eligible for the entire supplement, whereas proxy respondents were only eligible for certain items. Information was collected from proxies on topics such as smoking status (items PEA1-PEA3) and the use of other tobacco-related products, such as pipes, cigars, chewing tobacco, and snuff (items PEAJ1A1-PEAJ1A4 and PEJ2A1-PEJSA4).

In addition to these smoking and other tobacco use status questions, self-respondents were queried on the following topics depending on their smoking/tobacco use status (i.e., every day, some days, or former cigarette smokers and/or users of other non-cigarette tobacco products):

• Smoking history

• Current cigarette smoking prevalence and consumption

• Type of cigarettes smoked

• Price of last pack/carton of cigarettes purchased and state of purchase

• Medical and dental advice to quit smoking

• Attempts and intentions to quit smoking cigarettes and/or other forms of tobacco use

• Awareness of 1-800-QUIT-NOW

• Workplace smoking policies and smoking rules in the home

• Attitudes toward smoking in public places

Another generally unique feature to the 2006-2007 TUS-CPS was the administration of questions to former smokers on their previous level of addiction, use of quitlines, and advice from health professionals. This feature enables comparisons between characteristics of former smokers (or successful quitters) and current smokers attempting to quit.

Demographic information collected include age, sex, race, Hispanic origin, marital status, veteran status, educational attainment, family relationship, occupation, and income.

The Current Population Survey Tobacco Use Supplement data collection from May 2015 is comprised of responses from two sets of survey questionnaires, the basic Current Population Survey (CPS) and a Tobacco Use Supplement (TUS) survey. The TUS 2014-2015 Wave consists of three collections: July 2014, January 2015, and May 2015.

The CPS, administered monthly, is the source of the official government statistics on employment and unemployment. From time to time, additional questions are included on health, education, and previous work experience. The Tobacco Use Supplement to the CPS is a National Cancer Institute sponsored survey of tobacco use that has been administered as part of the US Census Bureau's CPS approximately every 3-4 years since 1992-1993.

Similar to other CPS supplements, the Tobacco Use Supplement was designed for both proxy and self-respondents. All CPS household members age 18 and older who had completed CPS core items were eligible for the supplement items. A new feature for the 2014-2015 cycle included random selection of self-interviewed respondents in larger households to reduce respondent burden. If the household had only 1 supplement eligible member then that person was selected for self-interview. If the household had only 2 supplement eligible members, then both of them were selected for self-interview. If the household had 3 or 4 supplement eligible members, then 2 of them were randomly selected for self-interview and the remaining were interviewed by proxy. If the household had more than 4 supplement eligible members, then 3 of them were randomly selected for self-interview and the rest of the eligible respondents were interviewed by proxy.

Those selected for self-interview were eligible for the entire supplement, whereas proxy respondents were only eligible for an abbreviated interview. Occasionally, those persons to be interviewed by proxy, if available for self- interview, were interviewed directly but asked the abbreviated proxy path questions.

Both proxy and self-respondents were asked about their smoking status and the use of other tobacco products. For self-respondents only, different questions were asked depending on their tobacco use status: for former/current smokers, questions were asked about type of cigarettes smoked, measures of addiction, attempts to quit smoking, methods and treatments used to quit smoking, and if they were planning to quit in the future. All self-respondents were asked about smoking policy at their work place and their attitudes towards smoking in different locations.

Demographic information within this collection includes age, sex, race, Hispanic origin, marital status, veteran status, immigration status, educational background, employment status, occupation, and income.

This data collection is comprised of responses from two sets of survey questionnaires, the basic Current Population Survey (CPS) and a survey administered as a supplement to the November 2001 questionnaire on the topic of tobacco use in the United States. The Tobacco Use Supplement (TUS), sponsored by the National Cancer Institute and the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, was also administered in June 2001 (ICPSR 4043) and February 2002 (ICPSR 4031). These three supplements comprise the 2001-2002 waves of TUS data.

The basic CPS, administered monthly, collects labor force data about the civilian noninstitutional population living in the United States. Moreover, the CPS provides current estimates of the economic status and activities of this population which includes estimates of total employment (both farm and nonfarm), nonfarm self-employed persons, domestics, and unpaid helpers in nonfarm family enterprises, wage and salaried employees, and estimates of total unemployment. Data from the CPS are provided for the week prior to the administration of the survey.

All household members age 15 years and older who had completed the basic CPS monthly items were eligible for the TUS, which consisted of items PES32 through PES77. The TUS was mainly designed to be a proxy response survey, meaning a single respondent could provide answers for all eligible household members. Unique to the TUS design were also a set of self-respondent questions. Self-respondents were eligible for the entire supplement, whereas proxy respondents were only eligible for questions on the topics of smoking status (items PES32-PES34) and the use of other tobacco products; for example, pipes, cigars, chewing tobacco, and snuff (items PES62A-PES63B).

Additionally, self-respondents were asked various questions depending on their smoking status -- former, everyday, or occasional (items PES36-PES46 and PES55-PES61). Current everyday and occasional smokers were then asked whether the medical community had advised them to quit smoking or if they were planning to quit in the near future (items PES47-PES54). Self-respondents were further queried on smoking policies in their work place (items PES67-PES71), smoking rules in the home (item PES73) and questions on opinions about smoking (items PES72, PES75-PES77).

Administrative information was collected on who the proxy respondents were, the language in which the interview was conducted, and the survey method (telephone vs. personal-visit interviews; Computer Assisted Telephone Interviewing (CATI) vs. Computer Assisted Personal Interviewing (CAPI)). Demographic information collected includes age, sex, race, Hispanic origin, marital status, veteran status, educational attainment, family relationship, occupation, and income.

This data collection is comprised of responses from two sets of survey questionnaires, the basic Current Population Survey (CPS) and a survey administered as a supplement to the November 2003 questionnaire on the topic of tobacco use in the United States. The Tobacco Use Supplement (TUS), sponsored by the National Cancer Institute and the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, was also administered in February 2003 (ICPSR 4526) and June 2003 (ICPSR 4527). These three supplements comprise the 2003 wave of TUS data.

The basic CPS, administered monthly, collects labor force data about the civilian noninstitutional population living in the United States. Moreover, the CPS provides current estimates of the economic status and activities of this population which includes estimates of total employment (both farm and nonfarm), nonfarm self-employed persons, domestics, and unpaid helpers in nonfarm family enterprises, wage and salaried employees, and estimates of total unemployment. Data from the CPS are provided for the week prior to the administration of the survey.

The TUS, like most CPS supplements, was designed to be a proxy response supplement, meaning a single respondent could provide answers for all eligible household members, provided the respondent was a household member 15 years of age or older. Unique to the TUS design were also a set of self-respondent supplement questions. All household members age 15 years and older who had completed the basic CPS core items were eligible for the November 2003 supplement items.

The TUS consisted of items PEA1 through PEK5. Self-respondents were eligible for the entire supplement, whereas proxy respondents were only eligible for certain items. Information was collected from proxies on topics such as smoking status (items PEA1-PEA3) and the use of other tobacco-related products, such as pipes, cigars, chewing tobacco, and snuff (items PEJ1a-PEJ2a).

In addition to these smoking status and other tobacco use questions, self-respondents were queried on the following topics depending on their smoking/tobacco use status (i.e., every day, some days, or former cigarette smokers and/or users of other non-cigarette tobacco products):

• Smoking history

• Current cigarette smoking prevalence and consumption

• Type of cigarettes smoked

• Price of last pack/carton of cigarettes purchased and state where purchased

• Medical and dental advice to quit smoking

• Attempts and intentions to quit smoking cigarettes and/or other forms of tobacco use

• Workplace smoking policies and smoking rules in the home

• Attitudes toward smoking in public places

Another generally unique feature to the 2003 TUS-CPS was the administration of questions to former smokers on their previous level of addiction, products/resources/methods used to quit smoking, and advice from health professionals. This feature enables comparisons between characteristics of former smokers (or successful quitters) and current smokers attempting to quit.

Administrative information was collected on who the proxy respondents were, the language in which the interview was conducted, and the survey method (telephone vs. personal-visit interviews; Computer Assisted Telephone Interviewing (CATI) vs. Computer Assisted Personal Interviewing (CAPI)). Demographic information collected include age, sex, race, Hispanic origin, marital status, veteran status, educational attainment, family relationship, occupation, and income.

Drug-Abuse Treatment Outcomes Study (DATOS) is a prospective study designed to determine the outcomes of adult drug abuse treatment delivered in typical, stable, community-based programs and to provide comprehensive information on continuing and new questions about the effectiveness of drug abuse treatment for adults currently available in a variety of publicly funded and private programs. The study examined the role of treatment outcomes and program type, client characteristics (including dependence, treatment history, and physical and mental health comorbidities), treatment received (e.g., length and intensity of services provided), therapeutic approaches, provision of aftercare, and research on the components of effective treatment, including factors that engage and retain clients in programs. Four types of programs were included: outpatient methadone (OPM), short-term inpatient (STI), long-term residential (LTR), and outpatient drug-free (ODF). Respondents were sampled from among adults admitted to drug abuse treatment programs in 11 representative U.S. cities during 1991-1993.

Clients entering treatment completed two comprehensive intake interviews (Intake 1 and Intake 2), approximately one week apart. This information is provided in Parts 1 and 2 of the data collection. These interviews were designed to obtain baseline data on drug use and other behaviors, as well as information on background and demographic characteristics, patterns of dependence, living situation and child custody status, education and training, income and expenditures, and HIV risk behaviors, along with assessments of dependence, mental health, physical health, and social functioning. Data on criminal justice status and criminal behavior are reported in Part 5, Illegal Activities Data, and are drawn from the Intake 1 interview. Data reflecting during-treatment progress, including service delivery and client satisfaction, were collected in the one-, three-, and six-month in-treatment interviews (Parts 3, 4, and 8). The 12-Month Post-Treatment Follow-Up Interview (Part 6) replicated many of the intake questions and focused on key behaviors in the year following treatment. Part 7 includes variables for time in treatment and interview availability indicators. The 12-Month Follow-Up Urine Result data (Part 9) provide the results from urine sample tests that were given to a sample of subjects at the time of the 12-Month Follow-Up Interview. Urine specimens were tested for eight categories of drugs (amphetamines, barbiturates, benzodiazepines, cannabinoids, cocaine metabolite, methaqualone, opiates, and phencyclidine). The drugs covered in the study were alcohol, tobacco, marijuana (hashish, THC), hallucinogens or psychedelics such as LSD, mescaline, and PCP, cocaine (including crack), heroin, narcotics or opiates such as morphine, codeine, Demerol, Dilaudid, and Talwin, downers or depressants such as sedatives, barbiturates, and tranquilizers, amphetamines or other stimulants such as speed or diet pills, and other drugs. Part 10 contains data for 1393 clients who were interviewed 5 years post treatment. This part contains many of the same types of questions asked during previous interviews.

The Helping Young Smokers Quit (HYSQ) initiative was a multi-phase project that addressed the critical need to disseminate effective, developmentally appropriate cessation programs for young smokers. Phase I identified and described tobacco treatment programs available for youth in the United States, Phase II evaluated smoking secession programs tailored for youth to help understand what works, and Phase III identified factors associated with program sustainability. Phase II collected data from five sources: (1) program participants, (2) program providers, (3) program curricula, (4) organizational leaders, and (5) community leaders and community ordinances.

Program participants were interviewed at baseline, end-of program, 6-month follow-up, and 12-month follow-up. Topics covered by the interviews include age, gender, race, Hispanic origin, language spoken at home, employment, income, religiosity, school enrollment, education level, school grades, height, weight, extracurricular activities, recreation, sports, exercise, aspirations after high school, psychological well-being, alcohol consumption, cigarette use and use of other tobacco products, attitudes about smoking, plans to stop/continue smoking, attempts to quit smoking, reasons for participating in the program, topics/issues covered by the program, opinions about the program, and smoking experience since the beginning of the program. In addition, for each follow-up survey, the participants provided a breath sample for carbon monoxide analysis to validate self-reported quit status.

After the last session of each program delivery, the program providers, such as program leaders and cessation counselors, were interviewed about the content and delivery of the program and the reactions of the participants and themselves to the program as delivered. The program providers also kept attendance records.

Curriculum content was abstracted from program manuals and other materials used in each program.

Organizational leaders of the organizations that offered the programs were surveyed about various aspects of each organization, including the organization's smoking cessation program and the organization's mission, general operations, and smoking-related policies and practices.

Community-level information was collected in two ways: (1) interviews of community leaders representing local health departments, school boards, and juvenile justice offices, and (2) archival research of public ordinances relevant to tobacco and control policies.

Nine data files/datasets constitute the data. Datasets 1-4 contain the participant questionnaire data, carbon monoxide measurement data, and program attendance data. Dataset 5 comprises information about each program and its curriculum, some information about the community in which the program was located, and summary data about enforcement of tobacco-related ordinances. Dataset 6 contains information about about the program providers and each program delivery, including recruitment, logistics, content, and the reactions of providers and participants. Dataset 7 covers administrative aspects of the smoking cessation programs and each offering organization's mission, general operations, and smoking-related policies and norms. Dataset 8 contains information about local and state-level tobacco-related ordinances for every state and local jurisdiction where each program was located, and Dataset 9 condenses the information in Dataset 8 into one summary record for each community. The unit of observation for Datasets 1-4 is the participant, for Datasets 5 and 7 the smoking cessation program/offering organization, for Dataset 6 the program delivery/program cohort, for Dataset 8 the ordinance, and for Dataset 9 the community.

The longitudinal MTF Panel study extends the work of the cross-sectional MTF Main study by following a subsample of graduating seniors through the entire adult life course. The selected respondents are surveyed every two years from ages 19-30. Starting at age 35, respondents are surveyed every five years, at ages 35, 40, 45, 50, 55, and 60 (FZ surveys). The FZ surveys cover many of the same topics as the 12th grade and follow-up surveys and include additional questions on life events and health.

This study contains only the survey data for ages 50 and 55 for the MTF longitudinal panel study participants that have reached age 50 (FZ4) and/or age 55 (FZ5) through the 2021 data collection.

NOTE: Users must also request the core panel data file: MTF: Base Year and Follow-Up Core Panel Data, Ages 18-30, 1976-2021 (ICPSR 39223) because demographic information (e.g. sex, race/ethnicity) for the participants of the age 50 and 55 surveys is included in the core panel data file.

Researchers can merge the Age 50-55 study data file with other MTF follow-up data in this series. This includes:

• MTF: Base Year and Follow-Up Core Data, Ages 18-30, 1976-2021 (ICPSR 39223)
• MTF: Base Year and Follow-Up Form 1 Panel Data, Ages 18-30, 1976-2021 (ICPSR 39282)
• MTF: Base Year and Follow-Up Form 2 Panel Data, Ages 18-30, 1976-2021 (ICPSR 39325)
• MTF: Base Year and Follow-Up Form 3 Panel Data, Ages 18-30, 1976-2021 (ICPSR 39389)
• MTF: Base Year and Follow-Up Form 4 Panel Data, Ages 18-30, 1976-2021 (ICPSR 39326)
• MTF: Base Year and Follow-Up Form 5 Panel Data, Ages 18-30, 1976-2021 (ICPSR 39283)
• MTF: Base Year and Follow-Up Form 6 Panel Data, Ages 18-30, 1989-2021 (ICPSR 39388)
• MTF: Age 35 Panel Data, 1993-2021 [Restricted-Use] (ICPSR 39749)
• MTF: Ages 40 and 45 Panel Data, 1998-2021 [Restricted-Use] (ICPSR 39767)
• MTF: Age 60 Panel Data, 2018-2021 [Restricted-Use] (ICPSR 39779)

In addition to questions about lifetime, annual, and 30-day substance use, the Age 50 (FZ4) and Age 55 (FZ5) surveys also includes questions covering:

• Substance use and its consequences (alcohol, marijuana/cannabis, other illicit drugs, substance use disorder symptoms)
• Methods of marijuana/cannabis use
• Own attitudes and perceptions about substance use
• Living arrangements and household characteristics
• Dating, marriage, and significant relationships
• Family roles, obligations, burdens, emotional support
• Employment: income, financial security, satisfaction
• Community involvement, social issues
• Local and global concerns
• Political interest and preferences
• Happiness; satisfaction with life domains and self
• Psychosocial constructs: self-esteem, locus of control, loneliness, risk-taking, boredom
• Health symptoms and illnesses, healthy behaviors, COVID-19, medical treatments

Please see the study documentation available on the MTF Panel series page for question-specific details, including content areas included in all survey forms.

HIGHLIGHTS of this update:

• Missing data coding has been changed/simplified in this release. Please see the User Guide for details.
• Panel analysis weights are now included in the data file instead of a stand-alone file. Please see the updated documentation for information.

Please be alert for variable coding differences between paper and web survey versions, especially for questions skipped based on answers to other questions. Note the following:

• The web-based version of the survey was introduced in 2020.
• Paper vs. Web coding differences will be most noticeable for the questions related to substance use, relationship/marital status, employment, and family composition.
• Users will need to explore their data using V50035/V55035 (89940:FZ PAPER OR WEB - RESPONSE) to look for and understand any coding differences

Extensive work has been done to document the history and use of the MTF substance use disorder questions and criteria. Please see Substance use disorder criteria sums in the Monitoring the Future Panel Study (Occasional Paper No. 101).

More information about the MTF project can be accessed through the Monitoring the Future website. Annual reports are published by the research team, describing the data collection and trends over time.

The MTF study consists of six different survey forms (five forms from 1976-1988). This study contains the data for Form 4 longitudinal panel participants. The MTF Form 4 restricted panel dataset includes data for the base year (BY) 12th grade surveys (modal age 18) and their young adult follow-up FU surveys (modal ages 19-30).

In addition to demographic-related questions and questions about lifetime, annual, and 30-day substance use that are included on all survey forms, Form 4 also includes questions covering:

• Beer, Wine, hard liquor, wine coolers use
• Vaping sources
• Flavored, small, and large cigars
• Hookah, dissolvable tobacco, snus, and smokeless tobacco use
• Own attitudes and perceptions about substance use
• Perceived risk of substance use
• Perceived friends' substance use
• Perceived addictiveness of substances
• Legal Issues Regarding Drugs
• Delinquency, victimization, and feeling safe at school
• Vocational plans, aspirations, expectations
• Preferences regarding job characteristics
• Desirability of different working arrangements and settings
• Work ethic/success orientation
• Dating and marriage: status, attitudes, expectations
• Parenthood: attitudes, expectations
• Values surrounding marriage and family
• Personal materialism
• Ecological concerns, conservation of resources
• Attitudes toward governmental policies and practices
• Local and global concerns
• Voting behavior
• Attitudes toward the military as an institution and occupation
• Happiness; satisfaction with life domains and self

Please see the study documentation available on the MTF Panel series page for question-specific details.

More information about the MTF project can be accessed through the Monitoring the Future website. Annual reports are published by the research team, describing the data collection and trends over time.

The NCS-2 was a re-interview of 5,001 individuals who participated in the Baseline (NCS-1). The study was conducted a decade after the initial baseline survey. The aim was to collect information about changes in mental disorders, substance use disorders, and the predictors and consequences of these changes over the ten years between the two surveys. The collection contains three major sections: the main survey, demographic data, and diagnostic data.

In the main survey, respondents were asked about general physical and mental health. Questions focused on a variety of health issues, including limitations caused by respondents' health issues, substance use, childhood health, life-threatening illnesses, chronic conditions, medications taken in the past 12 months, level of functioning and symptoms experienced in the past 30 days, and any services used by the respondents since the (NCS-1). Additional questions focused on mental disorders including depression, bipolar disorder, specific and social phobias, generalized anxiety, intermittent explosive disorder, suicidality, post-traumatic stress disorder, neurasthenia, pre-menstrual dysphoric disorder, attention deficit/hyperactivity disorder, oppositional defiant disorder, conduct disorder, and separation anxiety. Respondents were also asked about their lives in general, with topics including employment, finances, marriage, children, their social lives, and stressful life events experienced in the past 12 months. Additionally, two personality assessments were included consisting of respondents' opinions on whether various true/false statements accurately described their personalities. Another focus of the main survey dealt with substance use and abuse, nonmedical use of prescription drugs, and polysubstance use. Interview questions in the NCS-2 Main Survey were customized to each respondent based on previous responses in the Baseline (NCS-1).

The middle section contains demographic and other background information including age, education, employment, household composition, household income, marital status, and region.

The last section of the collection focused on whether respondents met diagnostic criteria for psychological disorders asked about in the main survey.

The NCS-2 was a re-interview of 5,001 individuals who participated in the Baseline (NCS-1). The study was conducted a decade after the initial baseline survey. The aim was to collect information about changes in mental disorders, substance use disorders, and the predictors and consequences of these changes over the ten years between the two surveys. The collection contains four major sections: the main survey, demographic data, diagnostic data, and state, county, and tract FIPS data.

In the main survey, respondents were asked about general physical and mental health. Questions focused on a variety of health issues, including limitations caused by respondents' health issues, substance use, childhood health, life-threatening illnesses, chronic conditions, medications taken in the past 12 months, level of functioning and symptoms experienced in the past 30 days, and any services used by the respondents since the (NCS-1). Additional questions focused on mental disorders including depression, bipolar disorder, specific and social phobias, generalized anxiety, intermittent explosive disorder, suicidality, post-traumatic stress disorder, neurasthenia, pre-menstrual dysphoric disorder, attention deficit/hyperactivity disorder, oppositional defiant disorder, conduct disorder, and separation anxiety. Respondents were also asked about their lives in general, with topics including employment, finances, marriage, children, their social lives, and stressful life events experienced in the past 12 months. Additionally, two personality assessments were included consisting of respondents' opinions on whether various true/false statements accurately described their personalities. Another focus of the main survey dealt with substance use and abuse, nonmedical use of prescription drugs, and polysubstance use. Interview questions in the NCS-2 Main Survey were customized to each respondent based on previous responses in the Baseline (NCS-1).

The second part contains demographic and other background information including age, education, employment, household composition, household income, marital status, and region.

The third part focuses on whether respondents met diagnostic criteria for psychological disorders asked about in the main survey.

The fourth part contains respondents' state, county, and tract FIPS data.

The Population Assessment of Tobacco and Health (PATH) Study is a collaboration between the National Institute on Drug Abuse (NIDA), National Institutes of Health (NIH), and the Center for Tobacco Products (CTP), Food and Drug Administration (FDA). The study was launched in 2011 to inform the FDA's tobacco regulatory activities under the Family Smoking Prevention and Tobacco Control Act (TCA). For Wave 1 (baseline), the PATH Study sampled over 150,000 mailing addresses across the United States to create a national sample of people who use or do not use tobacco, yielding interviews with 45,971 adult and youth respondents.

45,971 adults and youth constitute the first (baseline) wave, Wave 1, of data collected by this longitudinal cohort study. These 45,971 adults and youth along with 7,207 "shadow youth" (youth ages 9 to 11 sampled at Wave 1) make up the 53,178 participants that constitute the Wave 1 Cohort. Respondents are asked to complete an interview at each follow-up wave. Youth who turn 18 by the current wave of data collection are considered "aged-up adults" and are invited to complete the Adult Interview. Additionally, "shadow youth" are considered "aged-up youth" upon turning 12 years old, when they are asked to complete an interview after parental consent.

At Wave 4, a probability sample of 14,098 adults, youth, and shadow youth ages 10 to 11 was selected from the civilian, noninstitutionalized population at the time of Wave 4. This sample was recruited from residential addresses not selected for Wave 1 in the same sampled PSUs and segments using similar within-household sampling procedures. This "replenishment sample" was combined for estimation and analysis purposes with Wave 4 adult and youth respondents from the Wave 1 Cohort who were in the civilian, noninstitutionalized population at the time of Wave 4. This combined set of Wave 4 participants, 52,731 participants in total, forms the Wave 4 Cohort.

At Wave 7, a probability sample of 14,863 adults, youth, and shadow youth ages 9 to 11 was selected from the civilian, noninstitutionalized population at the time of Wave 7. This sample was recruited from residential addresses not selected for Wave 1 or Wave 4 in the same sampled PSUs and segments using similar within-household sampling procedures. This second replenishment sample was combined for estimation and analysis purposes with Wave 7 adult and youth respondents from the Wave 4 Cohort who were at least age 15 and in the civilian, noninstitutionalized population at the time of Wave 7. This combined set of Wave 7 participants, 46,169 participants in total, forms the Wave 7 Cohort

Please refer to the Restricted-Use Files User Guide that provides further details about children designated as "shadow youth" and the formation of the Wave 1, Wave 4, and Wave 7 Cohorts.

Biospecimen Collection

Each adult respondent, who completed the interview at Wave 1, was asked to provide at least two biospecimens. Providing biospecimens was voluntary and was not a condition of participation. Respondents were asked to report their use of all nicotine-containing products during the 3-day period prior to the time of any biospecimen collection (Nicotine Exposure Questions (NEQs)) to facilitate interpretation of biomarker results.

Of the 32,320 respondents who completed the Adult Interview at Wave 1, 21,801 (67.4 percent) provided a urine specimen and 14,520 (44.9 percent) provided a blood specimen. For the purposes of subsampling adults into the Wave 1 Biomarker Core, adult participants were grouped by tobacco product use at Wave 1 into nine mutually exclusive groups.

A sample of 11,522 adults who provided sufficient urine for the planned analyses were selected from the first six tobacco product use groups (see section 3.1 of the Biomarker Restricted-Use Files User Guide) representing people who never used tobacco, currently use tobacco, and formerly used tobacco (within the last 12 months). This group constitutes the original Wave 1 Biomarker Core. Of the 11,522 adults, 7,159 also provided a blood specimen. All urine and blood specimens provided by the Wave 1 Biomarker Core were sent for laboratory analysis.

Subsequent to this selection, an additional stratified probability sample of adults who completed the Wave 1 Adult Interview and provided a sufficient amount of urine for the planned analyses at Wave 1 (independent of whether they provided a blood specimen) was selected from the remaining three product use groups (see section 3.1 of the Biomarker Restricted-Use Files User Guide). Wave 1 blood and urine specimens from this expansion sample were also sent for laboratory analysis. The original and expansion samples together form the expanded Wave 1 Biomarker Core. The expansion sample did not provide urine specimens for laboratory analysis again until Wave 7.

Each youth who completed the Wave 4 interview was asked to provide a urine specimen. Each Wave 4 shadow youth (ages 10 and 11 at Wave 4) who completed the Wave 5 youth interview was also asked to provide a urine specimen. Providing this urine biospecimen was voluntary and was not a condition of participation.

Of the 14,798 respondents who completed the Youth Interview at Wave 4, 13,097 (88.5 percent) provided a urine specimen. A sample of 3,509 Wave 4 Cohort youth ages 12 to 17 who completed the Wave 4 Youth Interview and provided a sufficient amount of urine for the planned laboratory analyses was selected from a diverse mix of five tobacco product use and non-use groups. In addition, a sample of 528 Wave 4 shadow youth who completed a Wave 5 interview and provided a sufficient amount of urine for the planned laboratory analyses at Wave 5 was also selected. These 4,037 sampled youth and shadow youth constitute the Wave 4 Biomarker Core. All urine specimens provided by the Wave 4 Biomarker Core were sent for laboratory analysis.

As members of the Wave 1 and Wave 4 Biomarker Cores age over time, a new Wave 7 Biomarker Core was designed to provide nationally representative estimates for the U.S. civilian noninstitutionalized adult (ages 18 and older) population (CNP) at the time of Wave 7 (2022-2023). To that end, Aat the conclusion of Wave 7, a new biomarker core was selected from Wave 7 Cohort adults who completed an interview and provided a urine specimen at Wave 7. The Wave 7 Biomarker Core sample selection was a two-stage process. Prior to the start of data collection, a subsample of continuing participants expected to be adults at the time of their Wave 7 interview, including some participants who were part of the Wave 1 or Wave 4 Biomarker Cores, was selected and flagged for urine collection; additionally, a subsample of replenishment sample address was selected and flagged so that any Wave 7 Adult Interview respondents living at the selected addresses would be asked to provide a urine specimen. Of the 10,698 Adult Interview respondents from these subsamples, 9,187 (85.9 percent) provided a urine specimen. A sample of 7,750 Wave 7 Cohort adults who completed the Wave 7 Adult Interview and provided a sufficient amount of urine for the planned laboratory analyses was selected from six mutually exclusive and exhaustive tobacco use groups (see section 3.3 of the Biomarker Restricted-Use Files User Guide). All urine specimens provided by the Wave 7 Biomarker Core were sent for laboratory analysis.

Biomarker Restricted Use Files

Wave 1 Restricted-Use Biomarker Data Files (Biomarker RUF) consists of three different types of files for the Wave 1 Biomarker Core:

• 2 Collection and NEQ files for Urine (DS1001) and Blood (DS1101)
• 2 Biomarker Weight files including variables for use in variance estimation for Urine (DS1021) and Blood (DS1121). Both files are updated to include records for the expanded Wave 1 Biomarker Core.
• 8 Urine Panels (DS1031 to DS1038), 4 Serum Panels (DS1131 to DS1134) and 1 Plasma Panel (DS1231) containing biomarker assay results. 6 Urine Panels (DS1032, DS1033, DS1035, DS1036, DS1037, and DS1038) and 2 Serum Panels (DS1131 and DS1132) are updated to include records for the expanded Wave 1 Biomarker Core.

All files updated to include records for the expanded Wave 1 Biomarker Core contain an indicator R01_A_W1BC_TYPE (1 = Original, 2 = Expansion) to identify respondents in the Wave 1 Biomarker Core original and expansion subsamples.

For Wave 2, urine biospecimens were requested from the original Wave 1 Biomarker Core. Respondents were also asked to complete the NEQs prior to biospecimen collection.

The Wave 2 Biomarker RUF consists of three different types of files:

• 1 Collection and NEQ file for Urine (DS2001)
• 2 Biomarker Weight files including variables for use in variance estimation for Urine (DS2021) and F2PG2a (DS2022)
• 8 Urine Panels (DS2031 to DS2038) containing biomarker assay results.

For Wave 3, urine biospecimens were requested from the original Wave 1 Biomarker Core. Respondents were also asked to complete the NEQs prior to biospecimen collection.

The Wave 3 Biomarker RUF consists of three different types of files:

• 1 Collection and NEQ file for Urine (DS3001)
• 4 Biomarker Weight files including variables for use in variance estimation for Urine (DS3021 and DS3022) and F2PG2a (DS3023 and DS3024).
• 7 Urine Panels (DS3032 to DS3038) containing biomarker assay results.

For Wave 4, urine biospecimens were requested from the original Wave 1 Biomarker Core and all youth who completed the Wave 4 interview. Respondents were also asked to complete the NEQs prior to biospecimen collection.

The Wave 4 Biomarker RUF consists of the following files for each Biomarker Core:

Wave 1 Biomarker Core:

• 1 Collection and NEQ file for Urine (DS4001)
• 4 Biomarker Weight files including variables for use in variance estimation for Urine (DS4021 and DS4022) and F2PG2a (DS4023 and DS4024).
• 7 Urine Panels (DS4032, DS4033, DS4034, DS4035, DS4036, DS4037 and DS4038) containing biomarker assay results.

Wave 4 Biomarker Core:

• 1 Collection and NEQ file for Youth Urine (DS4011)
• 1 Biomarker Weight files including variables for use in variance estimation for Urine (DS4043)
• 7 Urine Panels (DS4051, DS4053, DS4054, DS4055, DS4056, DS4057 and DS4058) containing biomarker assay results.

For Wave 5, urine biospecimens were requested from the original Wave 1 Biomarker Core and the Wave 4 Biomarker Core. Respondents were also asked to complete the NEQs prior to biospecimen collection.

The Wave 5 Biomarker RUF consists of the following files for each Biomarker Core:

Wave 1 Biomarker Core:

• 1 Collection and NEQ file for Urine (DS5001)
• 4 Biomarker Weight files including variables for use in variance estimation for Urine (DS5021 and DS5022) and F2PG2a (DS5023 and DS5024)
• 6 Urine Panels (DS5032, DS5033, DS5035, DS5036, DS5037, and DS5038) containing biomarker assay results.

Wave 4 Biomarker Core:

• 1 Collection and NEQ file for Youth Urine (DS5011)
• 1 Collection and NEQ file for Adult Urine (DS5001)
• 1 Biomarker Weight file including variables for use in variance estimation for Urine (DS5042)
• 7 Urine Panels (DS5051, DS5053, DS5054, DS5055, DS5056, DS5057, and DS5058) containing biomarker assay results.

Note that the initial release of 3 Urine Panels and Biomarker weights for the Wave 4 Biomarker Core only included records for those among the 3,509 members who responded in Wave 5 and provided urine specimens in sufficient quantities for laboratory analyses. As of version 20, the Wave 5 biomarker data files and weights include data for all Wave 4 Biomarker Core members who provided urine specimens at Wave 5 in sufficient quantities for laboratory analyses, including the Wave 4 shadow youth who completed their first interviews at Wave 5. This means that records were added to previously released urine panel data files (DS5051, DS5053, and DS5056) and biomarker weights (DS5042) to include data for the Wave 4 shadow youth (N=528) who completed their first interviews at Wave 5. All panels released in version 20 and beyond will include records for the complete Wave 4 Biomarker Core.

Also note that the Collection and NEQ file for Adult Urine (DS5001) includes data for both the Wave 1 Biomarker Core and Wave 4 Biomarker Core.

For Wave 7, urine biospecimens were requested from the Wave 1 Biomarker Core, the Wave 4 Biomarker Core, and those in the subsample eligible for the Wave 7 biomarker Core. Respondents were also asked to complete the NEQs prior to biospecimen collection.

The Wave 7 Biomarker RUF consists of the following files for each Biomarker Core:

Wave 1 Biomarker Core:

• 1 Collection and NEQ file for Urine (DS7001)
• 4 Biomarker Weight files including variables for use in variance estimation for Urine (DS7021 and DS7022) and F2PG2a (DS7023 and DS7024)
• 6 Urine Panels (DS7032, DS7033, DS7035, DS7036, DS7037, and DS7038) containing biomarker assay results.

Wave 4 Biomarker Core:

• 1 Collection and NEQ file for Youth Urine (DS7011)
• 1 Collection and NEQ file for Adult Urine (DS7001)
• 2 Biomarker Weight files including variables for use in variance estimation for Urine (DS7041 and DS7042)
• 6 Urine Panels (DS7051, DS7053, DS7055, DS7056, DS7057, and DS7058) containing biomarker assay results.

Wave 7 Biomarker Core:

• 1 Collection and NEQ file for Urine (DS7001)
• 1 Biomarker Weight file including variables for use in variance estimation for Urine (DS7061)
• 6 Urine Panels (DS7072, DS7073, DS7075, DS7076, DS7077, and DS7078) containing biomarker assay results.

The Collection and NEQ file for Adult Urine (DS7001) includes data for the Wave 1 Biomarker Core, Wave 4 Biomarker Core, and Wave 7 Biomarker Core.

Please refer to the Biomarker Restricted-Use Files User Guide for additional information about the Biomarker Cores.

References to the collection of biospecimens will be specified by the collected specimen, i.e., urine and (whole) blood. However, references to biomarker analyses and analytes will be specified by the type of matrix (serum, plasma, or urine) used for the analysis.

The Population Assessment of Tobacco and Health (PATH) Study began originally surveying 45,971 adult and youth respondents. The PATH Study was launched in 2011 to inform Food and Drug Administration's regulatory activities under the Family Smoking Prevention and Tobacco Control Act (TCA). The PATH Study is a collaboration between the National Institute on Drug Abuse (NIDA), National Institutes of Health (NIH), and the Center for Tobacco Products (CTP), Food and Drug Administration (FDA). The study sampled over 150,000 mailing addresses across the United States to create a national sample of people who use or do not use tobacco.

45,971 adults and youth constitute the first (baseline) wave of data collected by this longitudinal cohort study. These 45,971 adults and youth along with 7,207 "shadow youth" (youth ages 9 to 11 sampled at Wave 1) make up the 53,178 participants that constitute the Wave 1 Cohort. Respondents are asked to complete an interview at each follow-up wave. Youth who turn 18 by the current wave of data collection are considered "aged-up adults" and are invited to complete the Adult Interview. Additionally, "shadow youth" are considered "aged-up youth" upon turning 12 years old, when they are asked to complete an interview after parental consent.

At Wave 4, a probability sample of 14,098 adults, youth, and shadow youth ages 10 to 11 was selected from the civilian, noninstitutionalized population at the time of Wave 4. This sample was recruited from residential addresses not selected for Wave 1 in the same sampled Primary Sampling Units (PSUs) and segments using similar within-household sampling procedures. This "replenishment sample" was combined for estimation and analysis purposes with Wave 4 adult and youth respondents from the Wave 1 Cohort who were in the civilian, noninstitutionalized population at the time of Wave 4. This combined set of Wave 4 participants, 52,731 participants in total, forms the Wave 4 Cohort.

Dataset 0001 (DS0001) contains the data from the Master Linkage file. This file contains 14 variables and 67,276 cases. The file provides a master list of every person's unique identification number and what type of respondent they were for each wave.

At Wave 7, a probability sample of 14,863 adults, youth, and shadow youth ages 9 to 11 was selected from the civilian, noninstitutionalized population at the time of Wave 7. This sample was recruited from residential addresses not selected for Wave 1 or Wave 4 in the same sampled PSUs and segments using similar within-household sampling procedures. This second replenishment sample was combined for estimation and analysis purposes with Wave 7 adult and youth respondents from the Wave 4 Cohort who were at least age 15 and in the civilian, noninstitutionalized population at the time of Wave 7. This combined set of Wave 7 participants, 46,169 participants in total, forms the Wave 7 Cohort.

Please refer to the Public-Use Files User Guide that provides further details about children designated as "shadow youth" and the formation of the Wave 1, Wave 4, and Wave 7 Cohorts.

Dataset 1001 (DS1001) contains the data from the Wave 1 Adult Questionnaire. This data file contains 1,732 variables and 32,320 cases. Each of the cases represents a single, completed interview.

Dataset 1002 (DS1002) contains the data from the Youth and Parent Questionnaire. This file contains 1,228 variables and 13,651 cases.

Dataset 2001 (DS2001) contains the data from the Wave 2 Adult Questionnaire. This data file contains 2,197 variables and 28,362 cases. Of these cases, 26,447 also completed a Wave 1 Adult Questionnaire. The other 1,915 cases are "aged-up adults" having previously completed a Wave 1 Youth Questionnaire.

Dataset 2002 (DS2002) contains the data from the Wave 2 Youth and Parent Questionnaire. This data file contains 1,389 variables and 12,172 cases. Of these cases, 10,081 also completed a Wave 1 Youth Questionnaire. The other 2,091 cases are "aged-up youth" having previously been sampled as "shadow youth."

Dataset 3001 (DS3001) contains the data from the Wave 3 Adult Questionnaire. This data file contains 2,139 variables and 28,148 cases. Of these cases, 26,241 are continuing adults having completed a prior Adult Questionnaire. The other 1,907 cases are "aged-up adults" having previously completed a Youth Questionnaire.

Dataset 3002 (DS3002) contains the data from the Wave 3 Youth and Parent Questionnaire. This data file contains 1,309 variables and 11,814 cases. Of these cases, 9,769 are continuing youth having completed a prior Youth Interview. The other 2,045 cases are "aged-up youth" having previously been sampled as "shadow youth."

Datasets 3101, 3102, 3201 and 3202 (DS3101, DS3102, DS3201, and DS3202) are data files comprising the weight variables for Wave 3. The weight variables for Wave 1 and Wave 2 are included in the main data files. However, in Wave 3, the weight variables have been separated into individual data files for Adult and Youth Questionnaires. The "all-waves" weight files contain weights for those respondents who have completed an interview during all three waves of data collection. The "single-wave" weight files contain weights for all respondents in Wave 3 regardless of their participation in previous waves.

Dataset 3503 (DS3503) contains data derived from responses to Wave 1-3 questionnaires indicating if participants had ever/never used various tobacco products as of the Wave 3 study period. This data file contains 25 variables for all 53,178 study participants as of Wave 3. This file is provided for reference only to simplify the definitions of tobacco use variables in the Adult and Youth data files for subsequent waves.

Dataset 4001 (DS4001) contains the data from the Wave 4 Adult Questionnaire. This data file contains 2,182 variables and 33,822 cases. Of these cases, 25,857 are continuing adults having completed a prior Adult Questionnaire, 1,900 are "aged-up adults" having previously completed a Youth Questionnaire, and 6,065 are "replenishment sample adults" (also known as "new cohort adults" in the annotated instrument).

Dataset 4002 (DS4002) contains the data from the Wave 4 Youth and Parent Questionnaire. This data file contains 1,389 variables and 14,798 cases. Of these cases, 9,365 are continuing youth having completed a prior Youth Interview, 1,694 cases are "aged-up youth" having previously been sampled as "shadow youth," and 3,739 are "replenishment sample youth" (also known as "new cohort youth" in the annotated instrument).

Datasets 4111, 4112, 4211, 4212, 4321, and 4322 (DS4111, DS4112, DS4211, DS4212, DS4321, and DS4322) are data files comprising the weight variables for Wave 4. In Wave 4, the weight variables have been separated into individual data files corresponding to the Wave 1 and Wave 4 Cohorts and different weight types. The "all-waves" weight files contain weights for those Wave 1 Cohort respondents who completed an interview for all waves in which they were old enough or verified their information for waves in which they were not old enough to be interviewed. The "single-wave" weight files contain weights for Wave 1 Cohort respondents at Wave 4 who completed an interview at Wave 1, regardless of their participation in previous waves. The "cross-sectional" weight files contain weights for all respondents in the Wave 4 Cohort.

Dataset 4503 (DS4503) contains data derived from responses to Wave 1-4 questionnaires indicating if participants had ever/never used various tobacco products as of the Wave 4 data collection period. This data file contains 27 variables for all 67,276 study participants as of the Wave 4 data collection. This file is provided for reference only to simplify the definitions of tobacco use variables in the Adult and Youth data files for subsequent waves.

Dataset 5001 (DS5001) contains the data from the Wave 5 Adult Questionnaire. This data file contains 2,315 variables and 34,309 cases. Of these cases, 29,876 are continuing adults having completed a prior Adult Questionnaire, 4,433 are "aged-up adults" having previously completed a Youth Questionnaire.

Dataset 5002 (DS5002) contains the data from the Wave 5 Youth and Parent Questionnaire. This data file contains 1,530 variables and 12,098 cases. Of these cases, 10,446 are continuing youth having completed a prior Youth Interview, 1,652 cases are "aged-up youth" having previously been sampled as "shadow youth."

Datasets 5111, 5112, 5211, 5212, 5221, 5222, 5711, 5712, 5721, and 5722 (DS5111, DS5112, DS5211, DS5212, DS5221, DS5222, DS5711, DS5712, DS5721, and DS5722) are data files comprising the weight variables for Wave 5. In Wave 5, the weight variables are in individual data files corresponding to the Wave 1 and Wave 4 Cohorts and different weight types. The "all-waves" weight files contain weights for those Wave 1 Cohort participants who completed a Wave 5 interview and completed interviews (if old enough to do so) or verified their information (if not old enough to be interviewed) in Waves 1, 2, 3, and 4.

Dataset 5503 (DS5503) contains data derived from responses to Wave 1-5 (including Wave 4.5) questionnaires indicating if participants had ever/never used various tobacco products as of the Wave 5 data collection period. This data file contains 26 variables for all 67,276 study participants as of the Wave 5 data collection. This file is provided for reference only to simplify the definitions of tobacco use variables in the Adult and Youth data files for subsequent waves.

There are two separate sets of files with "single wave" weights: one for the Wave 1 Cohort and one for the Wave 4 Cohort. The "single-wave" weight files for the Wave 1 Cohort contain weights for participants who completed an interview in Wave 1 and in Wave 5, regardless of their participation in the intervening waves. The "single-wave" weight files for the Wave 4 Cohort contain weights for all Wave 5 interview respondents in the Wave 4 Cohort.

There are also two separate sets of files with "special collection all-waves" weights: one for the Wave 1 Cohort and one for the Wave 4 Cohort. The "special collection all-waves" weight files for the Wave 1 Cohort contains weights for participants who completed a Wave 5 interview and completed interviews (if old enough to do so) or verified their information (if not old enough to be interviewed) in Waves 1, 2, 3, 4, and the special collection in Wave 4.5. The "special collection all-waves" weight files for the Wave 4 Cohort contain weights for participants who completed a Wave 5 interview and completed interviews (if old enough to do so) or verified their information (if not old enough to be interviewed) in Wave 4 and the special collection in Wave 4.5.

Dataset 6001 (DS6001) contains the data from the Wave 6 Adult Questionnaire. This data file contains 2,589 variables and 30,516 cases. Of these cases, 28,852 are continuing adults having completed a prior Adult Questionnaire and 1,664 are "aged-up adults" having previously completed a Youth Questionnaire.

Dataset 6002 (DS6002) contains the data from the Wave 6 Youth and Parent Questionnaire. This data file contains 1,822 variables and 5,652 cases. Of these cases, 5,622 are continuing youth having completed a prior Youth interview and 30 cases are "aged-up youth" having previously been sampled as "shadow youth."

Datasets 6111, 6112, 6121, 6122, 6211, 6212, 6221, 6222, 6711, 6712, 6721, and 6722 (DS6111, DS6112, DS6121, DS6122, DS6211, DS6212, DS6221, DS6222, DS6711, DS6712, DS6721, and DS6722) are data files comprising the weight variables for Wave 6. In Wave 6, the weight variables are in individual data files corresponding to the Wave 1 and Wave 4 Cohorts and different weight types. There are two separate sets of files with "all-waves" weights: one for the Wave 1 Cohort and one for the Wave 4 Cohort. The "all-waves" weight files for the Wave 1 Cohort contain weights for participants who completed a Wave 6 interview and completed interviews (if old enough to do so) or verified their information (if not old enough to be interviewed) in Waves 1, 2, 3, 4, and 5. The "all-waves" weight files for the Wave 4 Cohort contain weights for participants who completed a Wave 6 interview and completed interviews (if old enough to do so) or verified their information (if not old enough to be interviewed) in Waves 4 and 5.

There are two separate sets of files with "single-wave" weights: one for the Wave 1 Cohort and one for the Wave 4 Cohort. The "single-wave" weight files for the Wave 1 Cohort contain weights for participants who completed an interview in Wave 1 and in Wave 6, regardless of their participation in the intervening waves. The "single-wave" weight files for the Wave 4 Cohort contain weights for participants who completed an interview in Wave 4 and in Wave 6, regardless of their participation in the intervening waves.

There are also two separate sets of files with "special collection all-waves" weights: one for the Wave 1 Cohort and one for the Wave 4 Cohort. The "special collection all-waves" weight files for the Wave 1 Cohort contain weights for participants who completed a Wave 6 interview and completed interviews (if old enough to do so) or verified their information (if not old enough to be interviewed) in Waves 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, and the special collections in Wave 4.5, and Wave 5.5 or PATH-ATS. The "special collection all-waves" weight files for the Wave 4 Cohort contain weights for participants who completed a Wave 6 interview and completed interviews (if old enough to do so) or verified their information (if not old enough to be interviewed) in Waves 4 and 5, and the special collections in Wave 4.5, and Wave 5.5 or PATH-ATS.

Dataset 6503 (DS6503) contains data derived from responses to Wave 1-6 (including Wave 4.5, Wave 5.5, and PATH-ATS) questionnaires indicating if participants had ever/never used various tobacco products as of the Wave 6 data collection period. This data file contains 24 variables for all 67,276 study participants as of the Wave 6 data collection. This file is provided for reference only to simplify the definitions of tobacco use variables in the Adult and Youth data files for subsequent waves.

Dataset 7001 (DS7001) contains the data from the Wave 7 Adult Questionnaire. This data file contains 2,813 variables and 30,801 cases. Of these cases, 27,258 are continuing adults having completed a prior Adult Questionnaire, 1,740 are "aged-up adults" having previously completed a Youth Questionnaire, and 1,803 are "replenishment sample adults" (also known as "new cohort adults" in the annotated instrument).

Dataset 7002 (DS7002) contains the data from the Wave 7 Youth and Parent Questionnaire. This data file contains 1,897 variables and 10,834 cases. Of these cases, 3,512 are continuing youth having completed a prior Youth Interview, 1 case is an "aged-up youth" having previously been sampled as "shadow youth," and 7,321 are "replenishment sample youth" (also known as "new cohort youth" in the annotated instrument).

Datasets 7111, 7112, 7121, 7122, 7211, 7212, 7221, 7222, 7331, 7332, 7711, 7712, 7721, and 7722 (DS DS7111, DS7112, DS7121, DS7122, DS7211, DS7212, DS7221, DS7222, DS7331, DS7332, DS7711, DS7712, DS7721, and DS7722) are data files comprising the weight variables for Wave 7. In Wave 7, the weight variables are in individual data files corresponding to the Wave 1, Wave 4, and Wave 7 Cohorts and different weight types.

There are two separate sets of files with "all-waves" weights: one for the Wave 1 Cohort and one for the Wave 4 Cohort. The "all-waves" weight files for the Wave 1 Cohort contain weights for participants who completed a Wave 7 interview and completed interviews (if old enough to do so) or verified their information (if not old enough to be interviewed) in Waves 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, and 6. The "all-waves" weight files for the Wave 4 Cohort contain weights for participants who completed a Wave 7 interview and completed interviews (if old enough to do so) or verified their information (if not old enough to be interviewed) in Waves 4, 5, and 6.

There are two separate sets of files with "single-wave" weights: one for the Wave 1 Cohort and one for the Wave 4 Cohort. The "single-wave" weight files for the Wave 1 Cohort contain weights for participants who completed an interview in Wave 1 and in Wave 7, regardless of their participation in the intervening waves. The "single-wave" weight files for the Wave 4 Cohort contain weights for participants who completed an interview in Wave 4 and in Wave 7, regardless of their participation in the intervening waves.

There are also two separate sets of files with "special collection all-waves" weights: one for the Wave 1 Cohort and one for the Wave 4 Cohort. The "special collection all-waves" weight files for the Wave 1 Cohort contain weights for participants who completed a Wave 7 interview and completed interviews (if old enough to do so) or verified their information (if not old enough to be interviewed) in Waves 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, and the special collections in Wave 4.5, and Wave 5.5 or PATH-ATS. The "special collection all-waves" weight files for the Wave 4 Cohort contain weights for participants who completed a Wave 7 interview and completed interviews (if old enough to do so) or verified their information (if not old enough to be interviewed) in Waves 4, 5, 6, and the special collections in Wave 4.5, and Wave 5.5 or PATH-ATS.

The "cross-sectional" weight files contain weights for all respondents in the Wave 7 Cohort.

Dataset 8001 (DS8001) contains data from the Wave 8 Adult Questionnaire. This data file contains 3,467 variables and 31,477 cases. Of these cases, 30,021 are continuing adults having completed a prior Adult Questionnaire and 1,456 are "aged-up adults" having previously completed a Youth Questionnaire.

Dataset 8002 (DS8002) contains data from the Wave 8 Youth and Parent Questionnaire. This data file contains 2,393 variables and 8,002 cases. Of these cases, 7,046 are continuing youth having completed a prior Youth Interview and 956 are "aged-up youth" having previously been sampled as "shadow youth."

Datasets 8111, 8121, 8122, 8211, 8221, 8231, 8232, 8711, 8721, 8722, 8731, and 8732 (DS8111, DS8121, DS8122, DS8211, DS8221, DS8231, DS8232, DS8711, 8DS721, DS8722, DS8731, and DS8732) are data files comprising the weight variables for Wave 8. In Wave 8, the weight variables are in individual data files corresponding to the Wave 1, Wave 4, and Wave 7 Cohorts and different weight types.

There are two separate sets of files with "all-waves" weights: one for the Wave 1 Cohort and one for the Wave 4 Cohort. The "all-waves" weight files for the Wave 1 Cohort contain weights for participants who completed a Wave 8 interview and completed interviews (if old enough to do so) or verified their information (if not old enough to be interviewed) in Waves 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, and 7. Note that only adults have "all-waves" weights for the Wave 1 Cohort; youth from the Wave 1 Cohort aged-up to adults by the time of Wave 8. The "all-waves" weight files for the Wave 4 Cohort contain weights for participants who completed a Wave 8 interview and completed interviews (if old enough to do so) or verified their information (if not old enough to be interviewed) in Waves 4, 5, 6, and 7.

There are three separate sets of files with "single-wave" weights: one for the Wave 1 Cohort, one for the Wave 4 Cohort, and one for the Wave 7 Cohort. The "single-wave" weight files for the Wave 1 Cohort contain weights for participants who completed an interview in Wave 1 and in Wave 8, regardless of their participation in the intervening waves. The "single-wave" weight files for the Wave 4 Cohort contain weights for participants who completed an interview in Wave 4 and in Wave 8, regardless of their participation in the intervening waves. Note that only adults have "single-wave" weights for the Wave 1 and Wave 4 Cohorts; youth from the Wave 1 Cohort aged-up to adults by the time of Wave 8 and youth from the Wave 4 Cohort were selected as shadow youth so they do not have any interview data from Wave 4. The "single wave" weights files for the Wave 7 Cohort contain weights for participants who completed an interview in Wave 7 and in Wave 8.

There are also three separate sets of files with "special collection all-waves" weights: one for the Wave 1 Cohort, one for the Wave 4 Cohort, and one for the Wave 7 Cohort. The "special collection all-waves" weight files for the Wave 1 Cohort contain weights for participants who completed a Wave 8 interview and completed interviews (if old enough to do so) or verified their information (if not old enough to be interviewed) in Waves 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7 and the special collections in Wave 4.5, Wave 5.5, and Wave 7.5. Note that only adults have "special collection all-waves" weights for the Wave 1 Cohort; youth from the Wave 1 Cohort aged-up to adults by the time of Wave 8. The "special collection all-waves" weight files for the Wave 4 Cohort contain weights for participants who completed a Wave 8 interview and completed interviews (if old enough to do so) or verified their information (if not old enough to be interviewed) in Waves 4, 5, 6, 7, and the special collections in Wave 4.5, Wave 5.5, and Wave 7.5. The "special collection all-waves" weight files for the Wave 7 Cohort contain weights for participants who completed a Wave 8 interview and completed interviews (if old enough to do so) or verified their information (if not old enough to be interviewed) in Wave 7 and the special collection in Wave 7.5.

Each case in an Adult data file represents a single, completed interview. Each case in a Youth data file represents one youth and his or her parent's responses about that youth. Parents who provided permission for their child to participate in a Youth Interview were asked to complete a brief interview about their child. In all waves of data collection, less than 0.5 percent of the parents did not complete an interview. Most questions are asked about the child.

When multiple youth from the same household were selected to be in the study, the parent(s) completed separate interviews about each youth. If one parent completed two or more interviews, that parent only answered questions about himself/herself once. Those questions were then skipped in the subsequent interview(s) for the other child(ren) and the responses duplicated in that child(ren)'s data file(s).

The PATH Study was launched in 2011 to inform the Food and Drug Administration's regulatory activities under the Family Smoking Prevention and Tobacco Control Act (TCA). The PATH Study is a collaboration between the National Institute on Drug Abuse (NIDA), National Institutes of Health (NIH), and the Center for Tobacco Products (CTP), Food and Drug Administration (FDA). The study sampled over 150,000 mailing addresses across the United States to create a national sample of people who use or do not use tobacco.

45,971 adults and youth constitute the first (baseline) wave, Wave 1, of data collected by this longitudinal cohort study. These 45,971 adults and youth along with 7,207 "shadow youth" (youth ages 9 to 11 sampled at Wave 1) make up the 53,178 participants that constitute the Wave 1 Cohort. Respondents are asked to complete an interview at each follow-up wave. Youth who turn 18 by the current wave of data collection are considered "aged-up adults" and are invited to complete the Adult Interview. Additionally, "shadow youth" are considered "aged-up youth" upon turning 12 years old, when they are asked to complete an interview after parental consent.

At Wave 4, a probability sample of 14,098 adults, youth, and shadow youth ages 10 to 11 was selected from the civilian, noninstitutionalized population (CNP) at the time of Wave 4. This sample was recruited from residential addresses not selected for Wave 1 in the same sampled Primary Sampling Units (PSUs) and segments using similar within-household sampling procedures. This "replenishment sample" was combined for estimation and analysis purposes with Wave 4 adult and youth respondents from the Wave 1 Cohort who were in the CNP at the time of Wave 4. This combined set of Wave 4 participants, 52,731 participants in total, forms the Wave 4 Cohort.

At Wave 7, a probability sample of 14,863 adults, youth, and shadow youth ages 9 to 11 was selected from the CNP at the time of Wave 7. This sample was recruited from residential addresses not selected for Wave 1 or Wave 4 in the same sampled PSUs and segments using similar within-household sampling procedures. This "second replenishment sample" was combined for estimation and analysis purposes with the Wave 7 adult and youth respondents from the Wave 4 Cohort who were at least age 15 and in the CNP at the time of Wave 7. This combined set of Wave 7 participants, 46,169 participants in total, forms the Wave 7 Cohort.

Please refer to the Restricted-Use Files User Guide that provides further details about children designated as "shadow youth" and the formation of the Wave 1, Wave 4, and Wave 7 Cohorts.

Dataset 0002 (DS0002) contains the data from the State Design Data. This file contains 7 variables and 82,139 cases. The state identifier in the State Design file reflects the participant's state of residence at the time of selection and recruitment for the PATH Study.

Dataset 1011 (DS1011) contains the data from the Wave 1 Adult Questionnaire. This data file contains 2,021 variables and 32,320 cases. Each of the cases represents a single, completed interview.

Dataset 1012 (DS1012) contains the data from the Wave 1 Youth and Parent Questionnaire. This file contains 1,431 variables and 13,651 cases.

Dataset 1411 (DS1411) contains the Wave 1 State Identifier data for Adults and has 5 variables and 32,320 cases. Dataset 1412 (DS1412) contains the Wave 1 State Identifier data for Youth (and Parents) and has 5 variables and 13,651 cases. The same 5 variables are in each State Identifier dataset, including PERSONID for linking the State Identifier to the questionnaire and biomarker data and 3 variables designating the state (state Federal Information Processing System (FIPS), state abbreviation, and full name of the state). The State Identifier values in these datasets represent participants' state of residence at the time of Wave 1, which is also their state of residence at the time of recruitment.

Dataset 1611 (DS1611) contains the Tobacco Universal Product Code (UPC) data from Wave 1. This data file contains 32 variables and 8,601 cases. This file contains UPC values on the packages of tobacco products used or in the possession of adult respondents at the time of Wave 1. The UPC values can be used to identify and validate the specific products used by respondents and augment the analyses of the characteristics of tobacco products used by these respondents at the time of Wave 1.

Dataset 1801 (DS1801) contains Location Characteristics for Wave 1 Adults. This data file contains 4 variables and 32,320 cases.

Dataset 1802 (DS1802) contains Location Characteristics for Wave 1 Youth. This data file contains 4 variables and 13,651 cases.

Dataset 1901 (DS1901) contains Study Research Derived Variables for Wave 1 Adults created by PATH Study analysts. This data file contains 104 variables and 32,320 cases.

Dataset 1902 (DS1902) contains Study Research Derived Variables for Wave 1 Youth created by PATH Study analysts. This data file contains 89 variables and 13,651 cases.

Dataset 2011 (DS2011) contains the data from the Wave 2 Adult Questionnaire. This data file contains 2,421 variables and 28,362 cases. Of these cases, 26,447 also completed a Wave 1 Adult Questionnaire. The other 1,915 cases are "aged-up adults" having previously completed a Wave 1 Youth Questionnaire.

Dataset 2012 (DS2012) contains the data from the Wave 2 Youth and Parent Questionnaire. This data file contains 1,596 variables and 12,172 cases. Of these cases, 10,081 also completed a Wave 1 Youth Questionnaire. The other 2,091 cases are "aged-up youth" having previously been sampled as "shadow youth."

Dataset 2411 (DS2411) contains the Wave 2 State Identifier data for Adults and has 5 variables and 28,362 cases. Dataset 2412 (DS2412) contains the Wave 2 State Identifier data for Youth and Parents and has 5 variables and 12,172 cases. The same 5 variables are in each State Identifier dataset, including PERSONID for linking the State Identifier to the questionnaire and biomarker data and 3 variables designating the state (state FIPS, state abbreviation, and full name of the state). The State Identifier values in these datasets represent participants' state of residence at the time of Wave 2.

Dataset 2611 (DS2611) contains the Tobacco Universal Product Code (UPC) data from Wave 2. This data file contains 32 variables and 7,295 cases. This file contains UPC values on the packages of tobacco products used or in the possession of adult respondents at the time of Wave 2. The UPC values can be used to identify and validate the specific products used by respondents and augment the analyses of the characteristics of tobacco products used by these respondents at the time of Wave 2.

Dataset 2801 (DS2801) contains Location Characteristics for Wave 2 Adults. This data file contains 4 variables and 28,362 cases.

Dataset 2802 (DS2802) contains Location Characteristics for Wave 2 Youth. This data file contains 4 variables and 12,172 cases.

Dataset 2901 (DS2901) contains Study Research Derived Variables for Wave 2 Adults created by PATH Study analysts. This data file contains 178 variables and 28,362 cases.

Dataset 2902 (DS2902) contains Study Research Derived Variables for Wave 2 Youth created by PATH Study analysts. This data file contains 123 variables and 12,172 cases.

Dataset 3011 (DS3011) contains the data from the Wave 3 Adult Questionnaire. This data file contains 2,359 variables and 28,148 cases. Of these cases, 26,241 are continuing adults having completed a prior Adult Questionnaire. The other 1,907 cases are "aged-up adults" having previously completed a Youth Questionnaire.

Dataset 3012 (DS3012) contains the data from the Wave 3 Youth and Parent Questionnaire. This data file contains 1,492 variables and 11,814 cases. Of these cases, 9,769 are continuing youth having completed a prior Youth Interview. The other 2,045 cases are "aged-up youth" having previously been sampled as "shadow youth."

Datasets 3111, 3211, 3112, and 3212 (DS3111, DS3211, DS3112, and DS3212) are data files comprising the weight variables for Wave 3. The weight variables for Wave 1 and Wave 2 are included in the main data files. However, starting with Wave 3, the weight variables have been separated into individual data files. The "all-waves" weight files contain weights for respondents who completed an interview for all waves in which they were old enough to do so or verified their information with the study for waves in which they were not old enough to be interviewed. The "single-wave" weight files contain weights for all respondents in Wave 3 regardless of their participation in previous waves.

Dataset 3503 (DS3503) contains data derived from responses to Wave 1-3 questionnaires indicating if participants had ever/never used various tobacco products as of the Wave 3 study period. This data file contains 25 variables for all 53,178 study participants as of Wave 3. This file is provided for reference only to simplify the definitions of tobacco use variables in the Adult and Youth data files for subsequent waves.

Dataset 3411 (DS3411) contains the Wave 3 State Identifier data for Adults and has 5 variables and 28,148 cases. Dataset 3412 (DS3412) contains the Wave 3 State Identifier data for Youth and Parents and has 5 variables and 11,814 cases. The same 5 variables are in each State Identifier dataset, including PERSONID for linking the State Identifier to the questionnaire and biomarker data and 3 variables designating the state (state FIPS, state abbreviation, and full name of the state). The State Identifier values in these datasets represent participants' state of residence at the time of Wave 3.

Dataset 3611 (DS3611) contains the Tobacco Universal Product Code (UPC) data from Wave 3. This data file contains 32 variables and 6,768 cases. This file contains UPC values on the packages of tobacco products used or in the possession of adult respondents at the time of Wave 3. The UPC values can be used to identify and validate the specific products used by respondents and augment the analyses of the characteristics of tobacco products used by these respondents at the time of Wave 3.

Dataset 3801 (DS3801) contains Location Characteristics for Wave 3 Adults. This data file contains 4 variables and 28,148 cases.

Dataset 3802 (DS3802) contains Location Characteristics for Wave 3 Youth. This data file contains 4 variables and 11,814 cases.

Dataset 3901 (DS3901) contains Study Research Derived Variables for Wave 3 Adults created by PATH Study analysts. This data file contains 107 variables and 28,148 cases.

Dataset 3902 (DS3902) contains Study Research Derived Variables for Wave 3 Youth created by PATH Study analysts. This data file contains 88 variables and 11,814 cases.

Dataset 4001 (DS4001) contains the data from the Wave 4 Adult Questionnaire. This data file contains 2,504 variables and 33,822 cases. Of these cases, 25,857 are continuing adults having completed a prior Adult Questionnaire, 1,900 are "aged-up adults" having previously completed a Youth Questionnaire, and 6,065 are "replenishment sample adults" (also known as "new cohort adults" in the annotated instrument).

Dataset 4002 (DS4002) contains the data from the Wave 4 Youth and Parent Questionnaire. This data file contains 1,600 variables and 14,798 cases. Of these cases, 9,365 are continuing youth having completed a prior Youth Interview, 1,694 cases are "aged-up youth" having previously been sampled as "shadow youth," and 3,739 are "replenishment sample youth" (also known as "new cohort youth" in the annotated instrument).

Datasets 4111, 4211, 4321, 4112, 4212, and 4322 (DS4111, DS4211, DS4321, DS4112, DS4212, and DS4322) are data files comprising the weight variables for Wave 4. In Wave 4, the weight variables have been separated into individual data files corresponding to the Wave 1 and Wave 4 Cohorts and different weight types. The "all-waves" weight files contain weights for those Wave 1 Cohort respondents who completed an interview for all waves in which they were old enough or verified their information for waves in which they were not old enough to be interviewed. The "single-wave" weight files contain weights for Wave 1 Cohort respondents at Wave 4 who completed an interview at Wave 1, regardless of their participation in previous waves. The "cross-sectional" weight files contain weights for all respondents in the Wave 4 Cohort.

Dataset 4401 (DS4401) contains the Wave 4 State Identifier data for Adults and has 5 variables and 33,822 cases. Dataset 4402 (DS4402) contains the Wave 4 State Identifier data for Youth and Parents and has 5 variables and 14,798 cases. The same 5 variables are in each State Identifier dataset, including PERSONID for linking the State Identifier to the questionnaire and biomarker data and 3 variables designating the state (state FIPS, state abbreviation, and full name of the state). The State Identifier values in these datasets represent participants' state of residence at the time of Wave 4. For adults and youth from the replenishment sample, the values also represent state of residence at the time of recruitment.

Dataset 4503 (DS4503) contains data derived from responses to Wave 1-4 questionnaires, indicating if participants had ever/never used various tobacco products as of the Wave 4 data collection period. This data file contains 27 variables for all 67,276 study participants as of the Wave 4 data collection. This file is provided for reference only to simplify the definitions of tobacco use variables in the Adult and Youth data files for subsequent waves.

Dataset 4601 (DS4601) contains the Tobacco Universal Product Code (UPC) data from Wave 4. This data file contains 32 variables and 7,684 cases. This file contains UPC values on the packages of tobacco products used or in the possession of adult respondents at the time of Wave 4. The UPC values can be used to identify and validate the specific products used by respondents and augment the analyses of the characteristics of tobacco products used by these respondents at the time of Wave 4.

Dataset 4801 (DS4801) contains Location Characteristics for Wave 4 Adults. This data file contains 4 variables and 33,822 cases.

Dataset 4802 (DS4802) contains Location Characteristics for Wave 4 Youth. This data file contains 4 variables and 14,798 cases.

Dataset 5001 (DS5001) contains the data from the Wave 5 Adult Questionnaire. This data file contains 2,606 variables and 34,309 cases. Of these cases, 29,876 are continuing adults having completed a prior Adult Questionnaire and 4,433 are "aged-up adults" having previously completed a Youth Questionnaire.

Dataset 5002 (DS5002) contains the data from the Wave 5 Youth and Parent Questionnaire. This data file contains 1,776 variables and 12,098 cases. Of these cases, 10,446 are continuing youth having completed a prior Youth Interview and 1,652 cases are "aged-up youth" having previously been sampled as "shadow youth."

Datasets 5111, 5112, 5211, 5212, 5221, 5222, 5711, 5712, 5721, and 5722 (DS5111, DS5112, DS5211, DS5212, DS5221, DS5222, DS5711, DS5712, DS5721, and DS5722) are data files comprising the weight variables for Wave 5. In Wave 5, the weight variables are in individual data files corresponding to the Wave 1 and Wave 4 Cohorts and different weight types. The "all-waves" weight files contain weights for those Wave 1 Cohort participants who completed a Wave 5 interview and completed interviews (if old enough to do so) or verified their information (if not old enough to be interviewed) in Waves 1, 2, 3, and 4.

There are two separate sets of files with "single wave" weights: one for the Wave 1 Cohort and one for the Wave 4 Cohort. The "single-wave" weight files for the Wave 1 Cohort contain weights for participants who completed an interview in Wave 1 and in Wave 5, regardless of their participation in the intervening waves. The "single-wave" weight files for the Wave 4 Cohort contain weights for all Wave 5 interview respondents in the Wave 4 Cohort.

There are also two separate sets of files with "special collection all-waves" weights: one for the Wave 1 Cohort and one for the Wave 4 Cohort. The "special collection all-waves" weight files for the Wave 1 Cohort contain weights for participants who completed a Wave 5 interview and completed interviews (if old enough to do so) or verified their information (if not old enough to be interviewed) in Waves 1, 2, 3, 4, and the special collection in Wave 4.5. The "special collection all-waves" weight files for the Wave 4 Cohort contain weights for participants who completed a Wave 5 interview and completed interviews (if old enough to do so) or verified their information (if not old enough to be interviewed) in Wave 4 and the special collection in Wave 4.5.

Dataset 5401 (DS5401) contains the Wave 5 State Identifier data for Adults and has 5 variables and 34,309 cases. Dataset 5402 (DS5402) contains the Wave 5 State Identifier data for Youth and Parents and has 5 variables and 12,098 cases. The same 5 variables are in each State Identifier dataset, including PERSONID for linking the State Identifier to the questionnaire and biomarker data and 3 variables designating the state (state FIPS, state abbreviation, and full name of the state). The State Identifier values in these datasets represent participants' state of residence at the time of Wave 5.

Dataset 5503 (DS5503) contains data derived from responses to Wave 1-5 (including Wave 4.5) questionnaires indicating if participants had ever/never used various tobacco products as of the Wave 5 data collection period. This data file contains 26 variables for all 67,276 study participants as of the Wave 5 data collection. This file is provided for reference only to simplify the definitions of tobacco use variables in the Adult and Youth data files for subsequent waves.

Dataset 5601 (DS5601) contains the Tobacco Universal Product Code (UPC) data from Wave 5. This data file contains 33 variables and 6,678 cases. This file contains UPC values on the packages of tobacco products used or in the possession of adult respondents at the time of Wave 5. The UPC values can be used to identify and validate the specific products used by respondents and augment the analyses of the characteristics of tobacco products used by these respondents at the time of Wave 5.

Dataset 5801 (DS5801) contains Location Characteristics for Wave 5 Adults. This data file contains 4 variables and 34,309 cases.

Dataset 5802 (DS5802) contains Location Characteristics for Wave 5 Youth. This data file contains 4 variables and 12,098 cases.

Dataset 6001 (DS6001) contains the data from the Wave 6 Adult Questionnaire. This data file contains 2,935 variables and 30,516 cases

Of these cases, 28,852 are continuing adults having completed a prior Adult Questionnaire and 1,664 are "aged-up adults" having previously completed a Youth Questionnaire.

Dataset 6002 (DS6002) contains the data from the Wave 6 Youth and Parent Questionnaire. This data file contains 2,080 variables and 5,652 cases. Of these cases, 5,622 are continuing youth having completed a prior Youth Interview and 60 cases are "aged-up youth" having previously been sampled as "shadow youth."

Datasets 6111, 6112, 6121, 6122, 6211, 6212, 6221, 6222, 6711, 6712, 6721, and 6722 (DS6111, DS6112, DS6121, DS6122, DS6211, DS6212, DS62221, DS6222, DS6711, DS6712, DS6721, and DS6722) are data files comprising the weight variables for Wave 6. In Wave 6, the weight variables are in individual data files corresponding to the Wave 1 and Wave 4 Cohorts and different weight types. There are two separate sets of files with "all-waves" weights: one for the Wave 1 Cohort and one for the Wave 4 Cohort. The "all-waves" weight files for the Wave 1 Cohort contain weights for participants who completed a Wave 6 interview and completed interviews (if old enough to do so) or verified their information (if not old enough to be interviewed) in Waves 1, 2, 3, 4, and 5. The "all-waves" weight files for the Wave 4 Cohort contain weights for participants who completed a Wave 6 interview and completed interviews (if old enough to do so) or verified their information (if not old enough to be interviewed) in Waves 4 and 5.

There are two separate sets of files with "single-wave" weights: one for the Wave 1 Cohort and one for the Wave 4 Cohort. The "single-wave" weight files for the Wave 1 Cohort contain weights for participants who completed an interview in Wave 1 and in Wave 6, regardless of their participation in the intervening waves. The "single-wave" weight files for the Wave 4 Cohort contain weights for participants who completed an interview in Wave 4 and in Wave 6, regardless of their participation in the intervening waves.

There are also two separate sets of files with "special collection all-waves" weights: one for the Wave 1 Cohort and one for the Wave 4 Cohort. The "special collection all-waves" weight files for the Wave 1 Cohort contain weights for participants who completed a Wave 6 interview and completed interviews (if old enough to do so) or verified their information (if not old enough to be interviewed) in Waves 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, and the special collections in Wave 4.5, and Wave 5.5 or PATH-ATS. The "special collection all-waves" weight files for the Wave 4 Cohort contain weights for participants who completed a Wave 6 interview and completed interviews (if old enough to do so) or verified their information (if not old enough to be interviewed) in Waves 4 and 5, and the special collections in Wave 4.5, and Wave 5.5 or PATH-ATS.

Dataset 6401 (DS6401) contains the Wave 6 State Identifier data for Adults and has 5 variables and 30,516 cases. Dataset 6402 (DS6402) contains the Wave 6 State Identifier data for Youth and Parents and has 5 variables and 5,652 cases. The same 5 variables are in each State Identifier dataset, including PERSONID for linking the State Identifier to the questionnaire and biomarker data and 3 variables designating the state (state FIPS, state abbreviation, and full name of the state). The State Identifier values in these datasets represent participants' state of residence at the time of Wave 6.

Dataset 6503 (DS6503) contains data derived from responses to questionnaires in Waves 1-6 (including the special collections in Wave 4.5, Wave 5.5, and PATH-ATS) indicating if participants had ever/never used various tobacco products as of the Wave 6 data collection period. This data file contains 24 variables for all 67,276 study participants as of the Wave 6 data collection. This file is provided for reference only to simplify the definitions of tobacco use variables in the Adult and Youth data files for subsequent waves.

Dataset 6601 (DS6601) contains the Tobacco Universal Product Code (UPC) data from Wave 6. This data file contains 53 variables and 5,408 cases. This file contains UPC values on the packages of tobacco products used or in the possession of adult respondents at the time of Wave 6. The UPC values can be used to identify and validate the specific products used by respondents and augment the analyses of the characteristics of tobacco products used by these respondents at the time of Wave 6.

Dataset 6801 (DS6801) contains Location Characteristics for Wave 6 Adults. This data file contains 4 variables and 30,516 cases.

Dataset 6802 (DS6802) contains Location Characteristics for Wave 6 Youth. This data file contains 4 variables and 5,652 cases.

Dataset 7001 (DS7001) contains the data from the Wave 7 Adult Questionnaire. This data file contains 3,221 variables and 30,801 cases. Of these cases, 27,258 are continuing adults having completed a prior Adult Questionnaire, 1,740 are "aged-up adults" having previously completed a Youth Questionnaire, and 1,803 are "replenishment sample adults" (also known as "new cohort adults" in the annotated instrument).

Dataset 7002 (DS7002) contains the data from the Wave 7 Youth and Parent Questionnaire. This data file contains 2,171 variables and 10,834 cases. Of these cases, 3,512 are continuing youth having completed a prior Youth Interview, 1 case is an "aged-up youth" having previously been sampled as "shadow youth," and 7,321 are "replenishment sample youth" (also known as "new cohort youth" in the annotated instrument).

Datasets 7111, 7112, 7121, 7122, 7211, 7212, 7221, 7222, 7331, 7332, 7711, 7712, 7721, and 7722 (DS DS7111, DS7112, DS7121, DS7122, DS7211, DS7212, DS7221, DS7222, DS7331, DS7332, DS7711, DS7712, DS7721, and DS7722) are data files comprising the weight variables for Wave 7. In Wave 7, the weight variables are in individual data files corresponding to the Wave 1, Wave 4, and Wave 7 Cohorts and different weight types.

There are two separate sets of files with "all-waves" weights: one for the Wave 1 Cohort and one for the Wave 4 Cohort. The "all-waves" weight files for the Wave 1 Cohort contain weights for participants who completed a Wave 7 interview and completed interviews (if old enough to do so) or verified their information (if not old enough to be interviewed) in Waves 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, and 6. The "all-waves" weight files for the Wave 4 Cohort contain weights for participants who completed a Wave 7 interview and completed interviews (if old enough to do so) or verified their information (if not old enough to be interviewed) in Waves 4, 5, and 6.

There are two separate sets of files with "single-wave" weights: one for the Wave 1 Cohort and one for the Wave 4 Cohort. The "single-wave" weight files for the Wave 1 Cohort contain weights for participants who completed an interview in Wave 1 and in Wave 7, regardless of their participation in the intervening waves. The "single-wave" weight files for the Wave 4 Cohort contain weights for participants who completed an interview in Wave 4 and in Wave 7, regardless of their participation in the intervening waves.

There are also two separate sets of files with "special collection all-waves" weights: one for the Wave 1 Cohort and one for the Wave 4 Cohort. The "special collection all-waves" weight files for the Wave 1 Cohort contain weights for participants who completed a Wave 7 interview and completed interviews (if old enough to do so) or verified their information (if not old enough to be interviewed) in Waves 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, and the special collections in Wave 4.5, and Wave 5.5 or PATH-ATS. The "special collection all-waves" weight files for the Wave 4 Cohort contain weights for participants who completed a Wave 7 interview and completed interviews (if old enough to do so) or verified their information (if not old enough to be interviewed) in Waves 4, 5, 6, and the special collections in Wave 4.5, and Wave 5.5 or PATH-ATS.

The "cross-sectional" weight files contain weights for all respondents in the Wave 7 Cohort.

Dataset 7401 (DS7401) contains the Wave 7 State Identifier data for Adults and has 5 variables and 30,801 cases. Dataset 7402 (DS7402) contains the Wave 7 State Identifier data for Youth and Parents and has 5 variables and 10,834 cases. The same 5 variables are in each State Identifier dataset, including PERSONID for linking the State Identifier to the questionnaire and biomarker data and 3 variables designating the state (state FIPS, state abbreviation, and full name of the state). The State Identifier values in these datasets represent participants' state of residence at the time of Wave 7.

Dataset 7503 (DS7503) contains data derived from responses to questionnaires in Waves 1-7 (including the special collections in Wave 4.5, Wave 5.5, and PATH-ATS) indicating if participants had ever/never used various tobacco products as of the Wave 7 data collection period. This data file contains 26 variables for all 82,139 study participants as of the Wave 7 data collection. This file is provided for reference only to simplify the definitions of tobacco use variables in the Adult and Youth data files for subsequent waves.

Dataset 7601 (DS7601) contains the Tobacco Universal Product Code (UPC) data from Wave 7. This data file contains 53 variables and 4,533 cases. This file contains UPC values on the packages of tobacco products used or in the possession of adult respondents at the time of Wave 7. The UPC values can be used to identify and validate the specific products used by respondents and augment the analyses of the characteristics of tobacco products used by these respondents at the time of Wave 7.

Dataset 7801 (DS7801) contains Location Characteristics for Wave 7 Adults. This data file contains 4 variables and 30,801 cases.

Dataset 7802 (DS7802) contains Location Characteristics for Wave 7 Youth. This data file contains 4 variables and 10,834 cases.

Dataset 8001 (DS8001) contains the data from the Wave 8 Adult Questionnaire. This data file contains 3,467 variables and 31,477 cases. Of these cases, 30,021 are continuing adults having completed a prior Adult Questionnaire and 1,456 are "aged-up adults" having previously completed a Youth Questionnaire.

Dataset 8002 (DS8002) contains the data from the Wave 8 Youth and Parent Questionnaire. This data file contains 2,393 variables and 8,002 cases. Of these cases, 7,046 are continuing youth having completed a prior Youth Interview and 956 are "aged-up youth" having previously been sampled as "shadow youth."

Datasets 8111, 8121, 8122, 8211, 8221, 8231, 8232, 8711, 8721, 8722, 8731, and 8732 (DS8111, DS8121, DS8122, DS8211, DS8221, DS8231, DS8232, DS8711, 8DS721, DS8722, DS8731, and DS8732) are data files comprising the weight variables for Wave 8. In Wave 8, the weight variables are in individual data files corresponding to the Wave 1, Wave 4, and Wave 7 Cohorts and different weight types.

There are two separate sets of files with "all-waves" weights: one for the Wave 1 Cohort and one for the Wave 4 Cohort. The "all-waves" weight files for the Wave 1 Cohort contain weights for participants who completed a Wave 8 interview and completed interviews (if old enough to do so) or verified their information (if not old enough to be interviewed) in Waves 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, and 7. Note that only adults have "all-waves" weights for the Wave 1 Cohort; youth from the Wave 1 Cohort aged-up to adults by the time of Wave 8. The "all-waves" weight files for the Wave 4 Cohort contain weights for participants who completed a Wave 8 interview and completed interviews (if old enough to do so) or verified their information (if not old enough to be interviewed) in Waves 4, 5, 6, and 7.

There are three separate sets of files with "single-wave" weights: one for the Wave 1 Cohort, one for the Wave 4 Cohort, and one for the Wave 7 Cohort. The "single-wave" weight files for the Wave 1 Cohort contain weights for participants who completed an interview in Wave 1 and in Wave 8, regardless of their participation in the intervening waves. The "single-wave" weight files for the Wave 4 Cohort contain weights for participants who completed an interview in Wave 4 and in Wave 8, regardless of their participation in the intervening waves. Note that only adults have "single-wave" weights for the Wave 1 and Wave 4 Cohorts; youth from the Wave 1 Cohort aged-up to adults by the time of Wave 8 and youth from the Wave 4 Cohort were selected as shadow youth so they do not have any interview data from Wave 4. The "single wave" weights files for the Wave 7 Cohort contain weights for participants who completed an interview in Wave 7 and in Wave 8.

There are also three separate sets of files with "special collection all-waves" weights: one for the Wave 1 Cohort, one for the Wave 4 Cohort, and one for the Wave 7 Cohort. The "special collection all-waves" weight files for the Wave 1 Cohort contain weights for participants who completed a Wave 8 interview and completed interviews (if old enough to do so) or verified their information (if not old enough to be interviewed) in Waves 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7 and the special collections in Wave 4.5, Wave 5.5, and Wave 7.5. Note that only adults have "special collection all-waves" weights for the Wave 1 Cohort; youth from the Wave 1 Cohort aged-up to adults by the time of Wave 8. The "special collection all-waves" weight files for the Wave 4 Cohort contain weights for participants who completed a Wave 8 interview and completed interviews (if old enough to do so) or verified their information (if not old enough to be interviewed) in Waves 4, 5, 6, 7, and the special collections in Wave 4.5, Wave 5.5, and Wave 7.5. The "special collection all-waves" weight files for the Wave 7 Cohort contain weights for participants who completed a Wave 8 interview and completed interviews (if old enough to do so) or verified their information (if not old enough to be interviewed) in Wave 7 and the special collection in Wave 7.5.

Dataset 8401 (DS8401) contains the Wave 8 State Identifier data for Adults and has 5 variables and 31,477 cases. Dataset 8402 (DS8402) contains the Wave 8 State Identifier data for Youth and Parents and has 5 variables and 8,002 cases. The same 5 variables are in each State Identifier dataset, including PERSONID for linking the State Identifier to the questionnaire and biomarker data and 3 variables designating the state (state FIPS, state abbreviation, and full name of the state). The State Identifier values in these datasets represent participants' state of residence at the time of Wave 8.

Dataset 8801 (DS8801) contains Location Characteristics for Wave 8 Adults. This data file contains 4 variables and 31,477 cases.

Dataset 8802 (DS8802) contains Location Characteristics for Wave 8 Youth. This data file contains 4 variables and 8,002 cases.

Each case in an Adult data file represents a single, completed interview. Each case in a Youth data file represents one youth and his or her parent's responses about that youth. Parents who provided permission for their child to participate in a Youth Interview were asked to complete a brief interview about their child. In all waves of data collection, less than 0.5 percent of the parents did not complete an interview. Most questions are asked about the child.

When multiple youth from the same household were selected to be in the study, the parent(s) completed separate interviews about each youth. If one parent completed two or more interviews, that parent only answered questions about himself/herself once. Those questions were then skipped in the subsequent interview(s) for the other child(ren) and the responses duplicated in that child(ren)'s data file(s).

The PATH Study was launched in 2011 to inform the Food and Drug Administration's regulatory activities under the Family Smoking Prevention and Tobacco Control Act (TCA). The PATH Study is a collaboration between the National Institute on Drug Abuse (NIDA), National Institutes of Health (NIH), and the Center for Tobacco Products (CTP), Food and Drug Administration (FDA). The study sampled over 150,000 mailing addresses across the United States to create a national sample of people who do and do not use tobacco.

45,971 adults and youth constitute the first (baseline) wave, Wave 1, of data collected by this longitudinal cohort study. These 45,971 adults and youth along with 7,207 "shadow youth" (youth ages 9 to 11 sampled at Wave 1) make up the 53,178 participants that constitute the Wave 1 Cohort. Respondents are asked to complete an interview at each follow-up wave. Youth who turn 18 by the current wave of data collection are considered "aged-up adults" and are invited to complete the Adult Interview. Additionally, "shadow youth" are considered "aged-up youth" upon turning 12 years old, when they are asked to complete an interview after parental consent.

At Wave 4, a probability sample of 14,098 adults, youth, and shadow youth ages 10 to 11 was selected from the civilian, noninstitutionalized population (CNP) at the time of Wave 4. This sample was recruited from residential addresses not selected for Wave 1 in the same sampled Primary Sampling Units (PSUs) and segments using similar within-household sampling procedures. This "replenishment sample" was combined for estimation and analysis purposes with Wave 4 adult and youth respondents from the Wave 1 Cohort who were in the CNP at the time of Wave 4. This combined set of Wave 4 participants, 52,731 participants in total, forms the Wave 4 Cohort.

At Wave 7, a probability sample of 14,863 adults, youth, and shadow youth ages 9 to 11 was selected from the CNP at the time of Wave 7. This sample was recruited from residential addresses not selected for Wave 1 or Wave 4 in the same sampled PSUs and segments using similar within-household sampling procedures. This "second replenishment sample" was combined for estimation and analysis purposes with the Wave 7 adult and youth respondents from the Wave 4 Cohorts who were at least age 15 and in the CNP at the time of Wave 7. This combined set of Wave 7 participants, 46,169 participants in total, forms the Wave 7 Cohort.

Please refer to the Public-Use Files User Guide that provides further details about children designated as "shadow youth" and the formation of the Wave 1, Wave 4, and Wave 7 Cohorts.

Wave 4.5 was a special data collection for youth only who were aged 12 to 17 at the time of the Wave 4.5 interview. Wave 4.5 was the fourth annual follow-up wave for those who were members of the Wave 1 Cohort. For those who were sampled at Wave 4, Wave 4.5 was the first annual follow-up wave.

Wave 5.5, conducted in 2020, was a special data collection for Wave 4 Cohort youth and young adults ages 13 to 19 at the time of the Wave 5.5 interview. Also in 2020, a subsample of Wave 4 Cohort adults ages 20 and older were interviewed via the PATH Study Adult Telephone Survey (PATH-ATS).

Wave 7.5 was a special collection for Wave 4 and Wave 7 Cohort youth and young adults ages 12 to 22 at the time of the Wave 7.5 interview. For those who were sampled at Wave 7, Wave 7.5 was the first annual follow-up wave.

Dataset 1002 (DS1002) contains the data from the Wave 4.5 Youth and Parent Questionnaire. This file contains 1,395 variables and 13,131 cases. Of these cases, 11,378 are continuing youth having completed a prior Youth Interview. The other 1,753 cases are "aged-up youth" having previously been sampled as "shadow youth."

Datasets 1112, 1212, and 1222, (DS1112, DS1212, and DS1222) are data files comprising the weight variables for Wave 4.5. The "all-waves" weight file contains weights for participants in the Wave 1 Cohort who completed a Wave 4.5 Youth Interview and completed interviews (if old enough to do so) or verified their information with the study (if not old enough to be interviewed) in Waves 1, 2, 3, and 4.

There are two separate files with "single wave" weights: one for the Wave 1 Cohort and one for the Wave 4 Cohort. The "single-wave" weight file for the Wave 1 Cohort contains weights for youth who completed an interview in Wave 1 and in Wave 4.5, regardless of their participation in the intervening waves. The "single-wave" weight file for the Wave 4 Cohort contains weights for all Wave 4.5 Youth Interview respondents in the Wave 4 Cohort.

Dataset 1503 (DS1503) contains data derived from responses to questionnaires in Wave 1, Wave 2, Wave 3, Wave 4, and Wave 4.5 indicating if participants had ever/never used various tobacco products as of the Wave 4.5 data collection period. This data file contains 26 variables for all 67,276 study participants as of the Wave 4.5 data collection. This file is provided for reference only to simplify the definitions of tobacco use variables in the Adult and Youth data files for subsequent waves.

Dataset 2001 (DS2001) contains the data from the Wave 5.5 Adult Questionnaire. This file contains 2,323 variables and 3,628 cases. Of these cases, 1,014 are continuing adults having completed a prior Adult Questionnaire. The other 2,614 cases are "aged-up adults" having previously completed a Youth Questionnaire.

Dataset 2002 (DS2002) contains the data from the Wave 5.5 Youth and Parent Questionnaire. This file contains 1,625 variables and 7,129 cases. Of these cases, 7,076 are continuing youth having completed a prior Youth Interview. The other 53 cases are "aged-up youth" having previously been sampled as "shadow youth."

Datasets 2111, 2112, 2121, 2122, 2221, and 2222 (DS2111, DS2112, DS2121, DS2122, DS2221, and DS2222) are data files comprising the weight variables for Wave 5.5. In Wave 5.5, the weight variables are in individual data files corresponding to the Wave 1 and Wave 4 Cohorts and different weight types.

There are two separate sets of files with "all-waves" weights: one for the Wave 1 Cohort and one for the Wave 4 Cohort. The "all-waves" weight file for the Wave 1 Cohort contains weights for participants who completed a Wave 5.5 interview and completed interviews (if old enough to do so) or verified their information (if not old enough to be interviewed) in Waves 1, 2, 3, 4, 4.5, and 5. The "all-waves" weight file for the Wave 4 Cohort contains weights for participants who completed a Wave 5.5 interview and completed interviews (if old enough to do so) or verified their information (if not old enough to be interviewed) in Waves 4, 4.5, and 5.

The "single-wave" weight file for the Wave 4 Cohort contains weights for all Wave 5.5 interview respondents.

Dataset 3001 (DS3001) contains the data from PATH-ATS. This file contains 908 variables and 8,874 cases, all of which are continuing adults having completed a prior Adult Questionnaire, with their most recent interview in Wave 5.

Datasets 3111 and 3121 (DS3111 and DS3121) are data files comprising weights for PATH-ATS. In PATH-ATS, weight variables are in individual files corresponding to the Wave 1 and Wave 4 Cohorts.

The "all-waves" weight file for the Wave 1 Cohort contains weights for participants who completed an interview in PATH-ATS and completed interviews in Waves 1, 2, 3, 4, and 5. The "all-waves" weight file for the Wave 4 Cohort contains weights for participants who completed an interview in PATH-ATS; all PATH-ATS respondents completed interviews in Wave 4 and Wave 5.

Dataset 2503 (DS2503) contains data derived from responses to questionnaires in Wave 1, Wave 2, Wave 3, Wave 4, Wave 4.5, Wave 5, Wave 5.5, and PATH-ATS, indicating if participants had ever/never used various tobacco products as of the Wave 5.5/PATH-ATS data collection period. This data file contains 26 variables for all 67,276 study participants as of the Wave 5.5/PATH-ATS data collection. This file is provided for reference only to simplify the definitions of tobacco use variables in the Adult and Youth data files for subsequent waves.

Dataset 4001 (DS4001) contains the data from the Wave 7.5 Adult Questionnaire. This file contains 2,760 variables and 7,961 cases. Of these cases, 5,952 are continuing adults having completed a prior Adult Questionnaire. The other 2,009 cases are "aged-up adults" having previously completed a Youth Questionnaire.

Dataset 4002 (DS4002) contains the data from the Wave 7.5 Youth and Parent Questionnaire. This file contains 1,889 variables and 8,949 cases. Of these cases, 7,064 are continuing youth having completed a prior Youth Interview. The other 1,885 cases are "aged-up youth" having previously been sampled as "shadow youth."

Datasets 4111, 4112, 4121, 4122, 4221, 4222, 4231, and 4232 (DS4111, DS4112, DS4121, DS4122, DS4221, DS4222, DS4231, and DS4232) are data files comprising the weight variables for Wave 7.5. In Wave 7.5, the weight variables are in individual data files corresponding to the Wave 1, Wave 4, and Wave 7 Cohorts and different weight types.

There are two separate sets of files with "all-waves" weights: one for the Wave 1 Cohort and one for the Wave 4 Cohort. The "all-waves" weight file for the Wave 1 Cohort contains weights for participants who completed a Wave 7.5 interview and completed interviews (if old enough to do so) or verified their information (if not old enough to be interviewed) in Waves 1, 2, 3, 4, 4.5, 5, 5.5, 6, and 7. The "all-waves" weight file for the Wave 4 Cohort contains weights for participants who completed a Wave 7.5 interview and completed interviews (if old enough to do so) or verified their information (if not old enough to be interviewed) in Waves 4, 4.5, 5, 5.5, 6, and 7.

There are two separate sets of files with "single-waves" weights: one for the Wave 4 Cohort and one for the Wave 7 Cohort. The "single-wave" weight file for the Wave 4 Cohort contains weights for Wave 7.5 interview respondents in the Wave 4 Cohort, regardless of their response status at Waves 4.5, 5, 5.5, 6, or 7. The "single-wave" weight file for the Wave 7 Cohort contains weights for all Wave 7.5 interview respondents in the Wave 7 Cohort.

Dataset 4503 (DS4503) contains data derived from responses to questionnaires in Wave 1, Wave 2, Wave 3, Wave 4, Wave 4.5, Wave 5, Wave 5.5, PATH-ATS, Wave 6, Wave 7, and Wave 7.5, indicating if participants had ever/never used various tobacco products as of the Wave 7.5 data collection period. This data file contains 25 variables for all 82,139 study participants as of the Wave 7.5 data collection. This file is provided for reference only to simplify the definitions of tobacco use variables in the Adult and Youth data files for subsequent waves.

The PATH Study was launched in 2011 to inform the Food and Drug Administration's regulatory activities under the Family Smoking Prevention and Tobacco Control Act (TCA). The PATH Study is a collaboration between the National Institute on Drug Abuse (NIDA), National Institutes of Health (NIH), and the Center for Tobacco Products (CTP), Food and Drug Administration (FDA). The study sampled over 150,000 mailing addresses across the United States to create a national sample of people who use or do not use tobacco.

45,971 adults and youth constitute the first (baseline) wave, Wave 1, of data collected by this longitudinal cohort study. These 45,971 adults and youth along with 7,207 "shadow youth" (youth ages 9 to 11 sampled at Wave 1) make up the 53,178 participants that constitute the Wave 1 Cohort. Respondents are asked to complete an interview at each follow-up wave. Youth who turn 18 by the current wave of data collection are considered "aged-up adults" and are invited to complete the Adult Interview. Additionally, "shadow youth" are considered "aged-up youth" upon turning 12 years old, when they are asked to complete an interview after parental consent.

At Wave 4, a probability sample of 14,098 adults, youth, and shadow youth ages 10 to 11 was selected from the civilian, noninstitutionalized population (CNP) at the time of Wave 4. This sample was recruited from residential addresses not selected for Wave 1 in the same sampled Primary Sampling Units (PSUs) and segments using similar within-household sampling procedures. This "replenishment sample" was combined for estimation and analysis purposes with Wave 4 adult and youth respondents from the Wave 1 Cohort who were in the CNP at the time of Wave 4. This combined set of Wave 4 participants, 52,731 participants in total, forms the Wave 4 Cohort.

At Wave 7, a probability sample of 14,863 adults, youth, and shadow youth ages 9 to 11 was selected from the CNP at the time of Wave 7. This sample was recruited from residential addresses not selected for Wave 1 or Wave 4 in the same sampled PSUs and segments using similar within-household sampling procedures. This "second replenishment sample" was combined for estimation and analysis purposes with the Wave 7 adult and youth respondents from the Wave 4 Cohorts who were at least age 15 and in the CNP at the time of Wave 7. This combined set of Wave 7 participants, 46,169 participants in total, forms the Wave 7 Cohort.

Please refer to the Restricted-Use Files User Guide that provides further details about children designated as "shadow youth" and the formation of the Wave 1, Wave 4, and Wave 7 Cohorts.

Wave 4.5 was a special data collection for youth only who were aged 12 to 17 at the time of the Wave 4.5 interview. Wave 4.5 was the fourth annual follow-up wave for those who were members of the Wave 1 Cohort. For those who were sampled at Wave 4, Wave 4.5 was the first annual follow-up wave.

Wave 5.5, conducted in 2020, was a special data collection for Wave 4 Cohort youth and young adults ages 13 to 19 at the time of the Wave 5.5 interview. Also in 2020, a subsample of Wave 4 Cohort adults ages 20 and older were interviewed via the PATH Study Adult Telephone Survey (PATH-ATS).

Wave 7.5 was a special collection for Wave 4 and Wave 7 Cohort youth and young adults ages 12 to 22 at the time of the Wave 7.5 interview. For those who were sampled at Wave 7, Wave 7.5 was the first annual follow-up wave.

Dataset 1002 (DS1002) contains the data from the Wave 4.5 Youth and Parent Questionnaire. This file contains 1,617 variables and 13,131 cases. Of these cases, 11,378 are continuing youth having completed a prior Youth Interview. The other 1,753 cases are "aged-up youth" having previously been sampled as "shadow youth"

Datasets 1112, 1212, and 1222, (DS1112, DS1212, and DS1222) are data files comprising the weight variables for Wave 4.5. The "all-waves" weight file contains weights for participants in the Wave 1 Cohort who completed a Wave 4.5 Youth Interview and completed interviews (if old enough to do so) or verified their information with the study (if not old enough to be interviewed) in Waves 1, 2, 3, and 4.

There are two separate files with "single wave" weights: one for the Wave 1 Cohort and one for the Wave 4 Cohort. The "single-wave" weight file for the Wave 1 Cohort contains weights for youth who completed an interview in Wave 1 and in Wave 4.5, regardless of their participation in the intervening waves. The "single-wave" weight file for the Wave 4 Cohort contains weights for all Wave 4.5 Youth Interview respondents in the Wave 4 Cohort.

Dataset 1402 (DS1402) contains the Wave 4.5 State Identifier data for Youth and Parents and has 5 variables and 13,131 cases. The State Identifier dataset includes PERSONID for linking the State Identifier to the questionnaire data and 3 variables designating the state (state Federal Information Processing System (FIPS), state abbreviation, and full name of the state). The State Identifier values in this dataset represent participants' state of residence at the time of Wave 4.5.

Dataset 1503 (DS1503) contains data derived from responses to questionnaires in Wave 1, Wave 2, Wave 3, Wave 4, and Wave 4.5 indicating if participants had ever/never used various tobacco products as of the Wave 4.5 data collection period. This data file contains 26 variables for all 67,276 study participants as of the Wave 4.5 data collection. This file is provided for reference only to simplify the definitions of tobacco use variables in the Adult and Youth data files for subsequent waves.

Dataset 2001 (DS2001) contains the data from the Wave 5.5 Adult Questionnaire. This file contains 2,619 variables and 3,628 cases. Of these cases, 1,014 are continuing adults having completed a prior Adult Questionnaire. The other 2,614 cases are "aged-up adults" having previously completed a Youth Questionnaire.

Dataset 2002 (DS2002) contains the data from the Wave 5.5 Youth and Parent Questionnaire. This file contains 1,871 variables and 7,129 cases. Of these cases, 7,076 are continuing youth having completed a prior Youth Interview. The other 53 cases are "aged-up youth" having previously been sampled as "shadow youth."

Datasets 2111, 2112, 2121, 2122, 2221, and 2222 (DS2111, DS2112, DS2121, DS2122, DS2221, and DS2222) are data files comprising the weight variables for Wave 5.5. In Wave 5.5, the weight variables are in individual data files corresponding to the Wave 1 and Wave 4 Cohorts and different weight types.

There are two separate sets of files with "all-waves" weights: one for the Wave 1 Cohort and one for the Wave 4 Cohort. The "all-waves" weight file for the Wave 1 Cohort contains weights for participants who completed a Wave 5.5 interview and completed interviews (if old enough to do so) or verified their information (if not old enough to be interviewed) in Waves 1, 2, 3, 4, 4.5, and 5. The "all-waves" weight file for the Wave 4 Cohort contains weights for participants who completed a Wave 5.5 interview and completed interviews (if old enough to do so) or verified their information (if not old enough to be interviewed) in Waves 4, 4.5 and 5.

The "single-wave" weight file for the Wave 4 Cohort contains weights for all Wave 5.5 interview respondents.

Dataset 2401 (DS2401) contains the Wave 5.5 State Identifier data for Adults and has 5 variables and 3,628 cases. Dataset 2402 (DS2402) contains the Wave 5.5 State Identifier data for Youth and Parents and has 5 variables and 7,129 cases. The same 5.5 variables are in each State Identifier dataset, including PERSONID for linking the State Identifier to the questionnaire and biomarker data and 3 variables designating the state (state FIPS, state abbreviation, and full name of the state). The State Identifier values in these datasets represent participants' state of residence at the time of Wave 5.5.

Dataset 2503 (DS2503) contains data derived from responses to questionnaires in Wave 1, Wave 2, Wave 3, Wave 4, Wave 4.5, Wave 5, and Wave 5.5 indicating if participants had ever/never used various tobacco products as of the Wave 5.5 data collection period. This data file contains 26 variables for all 67,276 study participants as of the Wave 5.5 data collection. This file is provided for reference only to simplify the definitions of tobacco use variables in the Adult and Youth data files for subsequent waves.

Dataset 3001 (DS3001) contains the data from PATH-ATS. This file contains 977 variables and 8,874 cases, all of which are continuing adults having completed a prior Adult Questionnaire, with their most recent interview in Wave 5.

Datasets 3111 and 3121 (DS3111 and DS3121) are data files comprising weights for PATH-ATS. In PATH-ATS, weight variables are in individual files corresponding to the Wave 1 and Wave 4 Cohorts.

The "all-waves" weight file for the Wave 1 Cohort contains weights for participants who completed an interview in PATH_-ATS and completed interviews in Waves 1, 2, 3, 4, and 5. The "all-waves" weight file for the Wave 4 Cohort contains weights for participants who completed an interview in PATH-ATS; all PATH-ATS respondents completed interviews in Wave 4 and Wave 5.

Dataset 3401 (DS3401) contains the PATH-ATS State Identifier data and has 5 variables and 8,874 cases. The State Identifier dataset includes PERSONID for linking the State Identifier to the questionnaire and biomarker data and 3 variables designating the state (state FIPS, state abbreviation, and full name of the state). The State Identifier values in this dataset represents participants' state of residence at the time of PATH-ATS.

Dataset 4001 (DS4001) contains the data from the Wave 7.5 Adult Questionnaire. This file contains 3,142 variables and 7,961 cases. Of these cases, 5,952 are continuing adults having completed a prior Adult Questionnaire. The other 2,009 cases are "aged-up adults" having previously completed a Youth Questionnaire.

Dataset 4002 (DS4002) contains the data from the Wave 7.5 Youth and Parent Questionnaire. This file contains 2,169 variables and 8,949 cases. Of these cases, 7,064 are continuing youth having completed a prior Youth Interview. The other 1,885 cases are "aged-up youth" having previously been sampled as "shadow youth."

Datasets 4111, 4112, 4121, 4122, 4221, 4222, 4231, and 4232 (DS4111, DS4112, DS4121, DS4122, DS4221, DS4222, DS4231, and DS4232) are data files comprising the weight variables for Wave 7.5. In Wave 7.5, the weight variables are in individual data files corresponding to the Wave 1, Wave 4, and Wave 7 Cohorts and different weight types.

There are two separate sets of files with "all-waves" weights: one for the Wave 1 Cohort and one for the Wave 4 Cohort. The "all-waves" weight file for the Wave 1 Cohort contains weights for participants who completed a Wave 7.5 interview and completed interviews (if old enough to do so) or verified their information (if not old enough to be interviewed) in Waves 1, 2, 3, 4, 4.5, 5, 5.5, 6, and 7. The "all-waves" weight file for the Wave 4 Cohort contains weights for participants who completed a Wave 7.5 interview and completed interviews (if old enough to do so) or verified their information (if not old enough to be interviewed) in Waves 4, 4.5, 5, 5.5, 6, and 7.

There are two separate sets of files with "single-waves" weights: one for the Wave 4 Cohort and one for the Wave 7 Cohort. The "single-wave" weight file for the Wave 4 Cohort contains weights for Wave 7.5 interview respondents in the Wave 4 Cohort, regardless of their response status at Waves 4.5, 5, 5.5, 6, or 7. The "single-wave" weight file for the Wave 7 Cohort contains weights for all Wave 7.5 interview respondents in the Wave 7 Cohort.

Dataset 4401 (DS4401) contains the Wave 7.5 State Identifier data for Adults and has 5 variables and 7,961 cases. Dataset 4402 (DS4402) contains the Wave 7.5 State Identifier data for Youth and Parents and has 5 variables and 8,949 cases. The same 7.5 variables are in each State Identifier dataset, including PERSONID for linking the State Identifier to the questionnaire and biomarker data and 3 variables designating the state (state FIPS, state abbreviation, and full name of the state). The State Identifier values in these datasets represent participants' state of residence at the time of Wave 7.5.

Dataset 4503 (DS4503) contains data derived from responses to questionnaires in Wave 1, Wave 2, Wave 3, Wave 4, Wave 4.5, Wave 5, Wave 5.5, PATH-ATS, Wave 6, Wave 7, and Wave 7.5 indicating if participants had ever/never used various tobacco products as of the Wave 7.5 data collection period. This data file contains 25 variables for all 82,139 study participants as of the Wave 7.5 data collection. This file is provided for reference only to simplify the definitions of tobacco use variables in the Adult and Youth data files for subsequent waves.

Dataset 4601 (DS4601) contains the Tobacco Universal Product Code (UPC) data from Wave 7.5. This data file contains 53 variables and 157 cases. This file contains UPC values on the packages of tobacco products used or in the possession of adult respondents at the time of Wave 7.5. The UPC values can be used to identify and validate the specific products used by respondents and augment the analyses of the characteristics of tobacco products used by these respondents at the time of Wave 7.5.

The Research on Early Life and Aging Trends and Effects (RELATE) study compiles cross-national data that contain information that can be used to examine the effects of early life conditions on older adult health conditions, including heart disease, diabetes, obesity, functionality, mortality, and self-reported health. The complete cross sectional/longitudinal dataset (n=147,278) was compiled from major studies of older adults or households across the world that in most instances are representative of the older adult population either nationally, in major urban centers, or in provinces. It includes over 180 variables with information on demographic and geographic variables along with information about early life conditions and life course events for older adults in low, middle and high income countries. Selected variables were harmonized to facilitate cross national comparisons.

In this first public release of the RELATE data, a subset of the data (n=88,273) is being released. The subset includes harmonized data of older adults from the following regions of the world: Africa (Ghana and South Africa), Asia (China, India), Latin America (Costa Rica, major cities in Latin America), and the United States (Puerto Rico, Wisconsin). This first release of the data collection is composed of 19 downloadable parts: Part 1 includes the harmonized cross-national RELATE dataset, which harmonizes data from parts 2 through 19. Specifically, parts 2 through 19 include data from Costa Rica (Part 2), Puerto Rico (Part 3), the United States (Wisconsin) (Part 4), Argentina (Part 5), Barbados (Part 6), Brazil (Part 7), Chile (Part 8), Cuba (Part 9), Mexico (Parts 10 and 15), Uruguay (Part 11), China (Parts 12, 18, and 19), Ghana (Part 13), India (Part 14), Russia (Part 16), and South Africa (Part 17).

The Health and Retirement Study (HRS) was also used in the compilation of the larger RELATE data set (HRS) (N=12,527), and these data are now available for public release on the HRS data products page. To access the HRS data that are part of the RELATE data set, please see the collection notes below.