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General Social Survey, 1972-2012 [Cumulative File] (ICPSR 34802)

Released/updated on: 2013-09-11
Geographic coverage: United States
Time period: 1972-01-01--2012-01-01
The General Social Surveys (GSS) were designed as part of a data diffusion project in 1972. The GSS replicated questionnaire items and wording in order to facilitate time-trend studies. The latest survey, GSS 2012, includes a cumulative file that merges all 29 General Social Surveys into a single file containing data from 1972 to 2012. The items appearing in the surveys are one of three types: Permanent questions that occur on each survey, rotating questions that appear on two out of every three surveys (1973, 1974, and 1976, or 1973, 1975, and 1976), and a few occasional questions such as split ballot experiments that occur in a single survey. The 2012 surveys included seven topic modules: Jewish identity, generosity, workplace violence, science, skin tone, and modules for experimental and miscellaneous questions. The International Social Survey Program (ISSP) module included in the 2012 survey was gender. The data also contain several variables describing the demographic characteristics of the respondents.
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General Social Survey, 1972-2014 [Cumulative File] (ICPSR 36319)

Released/updated on: 2016-03-14
Geographic coverage: United States
Time period: 1972-01-01--2014-01-01
Since 1972, the General Social Survey (GSS) has been monitoring societal change and studying the growing complexity of American society. The GSS aims to gather data on contemporary American society in order to monitor and explain trends and constants in attitudes, behaviors, and attributes; to examine the structure and functioning of society in general as well as the role played by relevant subgroups; to compare the United States to other societies in order to place American society in comparative perspective and develop cross-national models of human society; and to make high-quality data easily accessible to scholars, students, policy makers, and others, with minimal cost and waiting. GSS questions include such items as national spending priorities, marijuana use, crime and punishment, race relations, quality of life, and confidence in institutions. Since 1988, the GSS has also collected data on sexual behavior including number of sex partners, frequency of intercourse, extramarital relationships, and sex with prostitutes. The 2014 GSS has modules on quality of working life, shared capitalism, wealth, work and family balance, social identity, social isolation, and civic participation. In 1985 the GSS co-founded the International Social Survey Program (ISSP). The ISSP has conducted an annual cross-national survey each year since then and has involved 58 countries and interviewed over one million respondents. The ISSP asks an identical battery of questions in all countries; the U.S. version of these questions is incorporated into the GSS. The 2014 ISSP topics are National Identity and Citizenship. Demographic variables include age, gender, race, ethnicity, education, marital status, religion, employment status, income, household structure, and whether respondents were born in the United States.
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General Social Survey, 1972-2016 [Cumulative File] (ICPSR 36797)

Released/updated on: 2017-11-14
Geographic coverage: United States
Time period: 1972-01-01--2016-01-01
Since 1972, the General Social Survey (GSS) has been monitoring societal change and studying the growing complexity of American society. The GSS aims to gather data on contemporary American society in order to monitor and explain trends and constants in attitudes, behaviors, and attributes; to examine the structure and functioning of society in general as well as the role played by relevant subgroups; to compare the United States to other societies in order to place American society in comparative perspective and develop cross-national models of human society; and to make high-quality data easily accessible to scholars, students, policy makers, and others, with minimal cost and waiting. GSS questions include such items as national spending priorities, marijuana use, crime and punishment, race relations, quality of life, and confidence in institutions. Since 1988, the GSS has also collected data on sexual behavior including number of sex partners, frequency of intercourse, extramarital relationships, and sex with prostitutes. In 1985 the GSS co-founded the International Social Survey Program (ISSP). The ISSP has conducted an annual cross-national survey each year since then and has involved 58 countries and interviewed over one million respondents. The ISSP asks an identical battery of questions in all countries; the U.S. version of these questions is incorporated into the GSS. The 2016 GSS added in new variables covering information regarding social media use, suicide, hope and optimism, arts and culture, racial/ethnic identity, flexibility of work, spouses work and occupation, home cohabitation, and health.
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Latino MSM Community Involvement: HIV Protective Effects (ICPSR 34385)

Released/updated on: 2014-04-02
Geographic coverage: San Francisco, United States, Chicago, Illinois, California
The purpose of this study was to contribute to the conceptual understanding and practical application of social integration theory to health behaviors. The research aimed to investigate the protective effects of community involvement in HIV/AIDS and gay-related organizations for HIV/AIDS sexual risk behavior among Latino gay or bisexual men and transgender individuals in Chicago and San Francisco. As part of this, the study examined HIV prevalence and the socioeconomic correlates of HIV infection, sexual risk behaviors, and substance use. Further, the study tested whether community involvement in AIDS and LGBT organizations moderated the relationship of racial and homosexual stigma to sexual risk behavior. Data were collected from a sample of 643 individuals (Chicago: n=320; San Francisco: n=323) through respondent-driven sampling and computer-assisted self-administered interviews. Demographic variables included ethnic identification, sexual identification, ZIP code (only available in restricted use data), country of birth, years in the United States, employment status, income, family religion, age, and health/STD status.
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Project STRIDE: Stress, Identity, and Mental Health, New York City, 2004-2005 (ICPSR 35525)

Released/updated on: 2018-11-28
Geographic coverage: New York City
Time period: 2004-01-01--2005-01-01

Project STRIDE is a three-year research project that examines the effect of stress and minority identity related to sexual orientation, race/ethnicity and gender on mental health. The research describes social stressors that affect minority populations, explores the coping and social support resources that they utilize as they confront these social stressors, and assesses the associations of stress and coping with mental health outcomes including mental disorders and wellbeing. The study also explores the impact of various identity characteristics, such as whether an identity is viewed positively or negatively, or whether it is prominent or not to the relationship of stress and mental health outcomes.

The study, using extensive quantitative and some qualitative measures, is a longitudinal survey of 525 men and women between the ages 18 and 59 who are residents of New York City. Socio-demographic information collected about respondents included age, education, race and Hispanic ethnicity, adopting the measures developed and used by the United States Census Bureau in the United States population survey of 2000. In addition to these items, racial/ethnic identity was also assessed with the question "What is the country of origin related to your or your family's ethnic or national background, if any?" Respondents were allowed to select up to two nations from a comprehensive listing. For the purposes of the study, the instrument also assessed whether or not participants were natives of New York City or migrated as adults. Additional demographic variables include employment status, religion, relationship status, and sexual orientation.