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Curated

HIV Transmission Network Metastudy Project: An Archive of Data From Eight Network Studies, 1988--2001 (ICPSR 22140)

Released/updated on: 2011-08-09

Geographic coverage: Manitoba, United States, Brooklyn, Flagstaff, New York (state), Global, Canada, Baltimore, Atlanta, Texas, Colorado, Georgia, Maryland, Colorado Springs, Arizona, Houston

Time period: 1988-01-01--2001-01-01

The purpose of this project was to establish a collection of datasets that could be used (1) to analyze the influence of partnership networks on the transmission of sexually transmitted and blood-borne infections, and (2) to examine the influence of study design on estimation of network properties and impacts. Eight studies contributed datasets to the collection.

They include:

Colorado Springs Project 90, 1988-1992
Bushwick [Brooklyn, NY] Social Factors and HIV Risk (SFHR) Study, 1991-1993
Atlanta Urban Networks Project, 1996-1999
Flagstaff Rural Network Study, 1996-1998
Atlanta Antiretroviral Adherence Study, 1998-2001
Houston Risk Networks Study, 1997-1998
Baltimore SHIELD (Self-Help in Eliminating Life-Threatening Diseases), 1997-1999
Manitoba Chlamydia Study, 1997-1998

Each study contains information on sexual, needle sharing, and/or social networks. Each dataset was harmonized to permit comparative analysis. Almost all of the studies were research projects funded by federal agency sources (e.g., United States Centers for Disease Control and the National Institutes of Health); one was funded by Canadian sources. These studies, all closed for further enrollment, provide a range of designs and study types as well as a range of transmitted diseases. This allows researchers to investigate the relative effect of personal behavior and network connections on the dynamics of disease transmission, and to explore the impact of sampling design on estimation of network properties. Respondents were asked questions about different test results such as HIV, chlamydia, syphilis and hepatitis. Demographic variables include race, ethnicity, marital status, age, and gender.

Curated

Simple Crosstabs

Perception and Memory Experiments Using Drug Names [2010, Canada] (ICPSR 34122)

Released/updated on: 2013-04-30

Geographic coverage: Canada, Ontario, Global

Time period: 2012-03-28--2012-03-29, 2012-07-05--2012-07-06

Drug names that look and sound alike are a leading cause of medication errors (e.g., diazepam and diltiazem, hydroxyzine and hydralazine, Paxil and Taxol, fomepizole and omeprazole, Foradil and Toradol). Observational studies of dispensing in outpatient pharmacies suggest that the rate of wrong drug errors -- the type most likely to be the result of name confusion -- is roughly 0.13 percent. With 3.9 billion prescriptions dispensed in 2009, that translates to 5 million wrong drug errors per year in the United States. The purpose of this overall project was to develop, demonstrate, and disseminate a standard protocol for pre-approval testing of drug names, including a standard battery of psycholinguistic tests and data analytic methods, all with comparison to control names and to refine and demonstrate analytic methods by conducting a series of visual perception, auditory perception, and short term memory experiments using drug names as stimuli. The achievement of this aim will provide both regulators and pharmaceutical manufacturers with a scientifically validated, step-by-step method for testing new drug names for confusability. The data for this collection come from four experiments. In each experiment, participants are tested on their ability to correctly identify drug names under four conditions (see study design). Variables include participant reaction time to identify drug names and the percent participants correctly or incorrectly identified drug names. Study participants include medical doctors, nurse practitioners, pharmacists, and pharmacy technicians. Other variables include participant gender, education degree held, primary language spoken, and employment location.