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Curated

Census of Population and Housing, 1990 [United States]: Public Use Microdata Sample: 3-Percent Elderly Sample (ICPSR 6219)

Released/updated on: 2006-01-12
Geographic coverage: North Carolina, Indiana, Utah, Arizona, Montana, Kentucky, California, Kansas, Florida, Delaware, Pennsylvania, Mississippi, Iowa, Illinois, Texas, Connecticut, Georgia, Virginia, Maryland, Idaho, Oregon, Vermont, Puerto Rico, United States, Oklahoma, Tennessee, Maine, Alabama, Arkansas, Washington, South Carolina, Nebraska, Massachusetts, Colorado, Missouri, Alaska, North Dakota, Nevada, District of Columbia, Rhode Island, South Dakota, Hawaii, Minnesota, New York (state), New Jersey, Michigan, New Mexico, New Hampshire, Louisiana, Ohio
These data from the 1990 Census comprise a sample of households with at least one person 60 years and older, plus a sample of persons 60 years and older in group quarters. The data are grouped into housing variables and person variables. Housing variables include area type, state and area of residence, farm/nonfarm status, type of structure, year structure was built, vacancy and boarded-up status, number of rooms and bedrooms, presence or absence of a telephone, presence or absence of complete kitchen and plumbing facilities, type of sewage facilities, type of water source, type of heating fuel used, property value, tenure, year moved into house/apartment, type of household/family, type of group quarters, household language, number of persons in the household, number of persons and workers in the family, status of mortgage, second mortgage, and home equity loan, number of vehicles available, household income, sales of agricultural products, payments for rent, mortgage and property tax, condominium fees, mobile home costs, and cost of electricity, water, heating fuel, and flood/fire/hazard insurance. Person variables cover age, sex, relationship to householder, educational attainment, school enrollment, race, Hispanic origin, ancestry, language spoken at home, citizenship, place of birth, year of immigration, place of residence in 1985, marital status, number of children ever born, military service, mobility and personal care limitation, work limitation status, employment status, occupation, industry, class of worker, hours worked last week, weeks worked in 1989, usual hours worked per week, temporary absence from work, place of work, time of departure for work, travel time to work, means of transportation to work, total earnings, total income, wages and salary income, farm and nonfarm self-employment income, Social Security income, public assistance income, retirement income, and rent, dividends, and net rental income.
Curated

Continuation of Services Funded Under Title III of the Older Americans Act of 1965 (ICPSR 8246)

Released/updated on: 2006-01-18
Geographic coverage: United States
This data collection examines the fates of services funded under Title III of the Older Americans Act if and when that source of funding is terminated. The main objectives of the study were to investigate the pattern of continuation of projects funded under the Title III program and the importance of various factors contributing to the continuation of Title III projects. The study covered 33 planning and service areas in 24 states and represented all ten federal regions. Members of 426 state agencies on aging, area agencies on aging, and service providers were interviewed. Information is provided on the extent to which projects actually had their Title III funds terminated, the providers' responses to termination, the actions precipitated by continuation at reduced levels, the extent of budgetary reductions, the impact of Title III funding termination on client group composition, and the effects of project types and services on project continuation. Variables in Part 1, the Service Provider survey, include the organization's area of service, the number of paid staff members, the number of older persons they assisted, the duration of their current or last Title III grant, and the Title III project's total budget in its last year. Area agencies and state units on aging (Parts 2 and 3, respectively) were asked questions about granting processes, such as the agencies involved, the logistics of extensions, and the involvement of local officials in replacing Title III funding by allocating public funds.
Curated

Current Population Survey, March 1980: Estimates of Noncash Benefit Values (ICPSR 8473)

Released/updated on: 1992-02-16
Geographic coverage: United States
Time period: 1979-03-01--1980-03-01
Beginning in March 1980, the Current Population Survey has included questions on participation in a selected group of noncash benefit programs including the National School Lunch Program, Food Stamp Program, public or other subsidized rental housing programs, Medicare, and Medicaid. These questions serve as the basis for valuing noncash benefits and estimating the effect they have on poverty.
Curated

Current Population Survey, March 1981: After-Tax Money Income Estimates (ICPSR 8269)

Released/updated on: 1992-02-16
Geographic coverage: United States
This data collection supplies standard monthly labor force data as well as supplemental data on work experience, income, noncash benefits, and migration. Comprehensive information is given on the employment status, occupation, and industry of persons 14 years old and older. Additional data for persons 15 years old and older are available concerning weeks worked and hours per week worked, reason not working full-time, total income and income components, and residence. This file also contains data covering noncash income sources such as food stamps, school lunch programs, employer-provided group health insurance, employer-provided pension plans, personal health insurance, Medicaid, Medicare, CHAMPUS or military health care, and energy assistance. This data collection was created by expanding the CURRENT POPULATION SURVEY: ANNUAL DEMOGRAPHIC FILE, 1981 (ICPSR 8192) to include an estimate of after-tax income, "before-tax" money income from the previous year, and the amount of taxes paid. Taxes paid include federal and state individual income taxes, property taxes on owner-occupied housing units, Social Security taxes, retirement taxes. Information on demographic characteristics, such as age, sex, race, marital status, veteran status, educational attainment, household relationship, and Hispanic origin are provided for each respondent.
Curated

Current Population Survey, March 1982: After-Tax Money Income Estimates (ICPSR 8324)

Released/updated on: 1992-02-16
Geographic coverage: United States
This data collection supplies standard monthly labor force data as well as supplemental data on work experience, income, noncash benefits, and migration. Comprehensive information is given on the employment status, occupation, and industry of persons 14 years old and older. Additional data are available for persons 15 years old and older concerning weeks worked and hours per week worked, reason not working full-time, total income and income components, and residence. This file also contains data covering noncash income sources such as food stamps, school lunch programs, employer-provided group health insurance plans, employer-provided pension plans, personal health insurance, Medicaid, Medicare, CHAMPUS or military health care, and energy assistance. This data collection was formed by expanding CURRENT POPULATION SURVEY: ANNUAL DEMOGRAPHIC FILE, 1982 (ICPSR 9037) to include an estimate of after-tax income, "before-tax" money income received during the previous year, and the amount of taxes paid. Taxes include federal and state individual income taxes, property taxes on owner-occupied housing units, Social Security taxes, and retirement taxes. Information on demographic characteristics, such as age, sex, race, marital status, veteran status, educational attainment, household relationship, and Hispanic origin, is available for each person in the household enumerated.
Curated

Current Population Survey, March 1983: After-Tax Money Income Estimates (ICPSR 8330)

Released/updated on: 1992-02-16
Geographic coverage: United States
This data collection supplies standard monthly labor force data as well as supplemental data on work experience, income, noncash benefits, and migration. Comprehensive information is given on the employment status, occupation, and industry of persons 14 years old and older. Additional data are available for persons 15 years old and older concerning weeks worked and hours per week worked, reason not working full-time, total income and income components, and residence. This file also contains data covering noncash income sources such as food stamps, school lunch programs, employer-provided group health insurance plans, employer-provided pension plans, personal health insurance, Medicaid, Medicare, CHAMPUS or military health care, and energy assistance. This collection was formed by expanding CURRENT POPULATION SURVEY: ANNUAL DEMOGRAPHIC FILE, 1983 (ICPSR 8192) to include an estimate of after-tax income, "before-tax" money income from the previous year, and the amount of taxes paid. Taxes paid include federal and state individual income taxes, property taxes on owner-occupied housing units, Social Security taxes, and retirement taxes. Information on demographic characteristics, such as age, sex, race, marital status, veteran status, educational attainment, household relationship, and Hispanic origin, is available for each person in the household enumerated.
Curated

Current Population Survey, March 1983: Estimates of Noncash Benefit Values (ICPSR 8332)

Released/updated on: 1992-02-16
Geographic coverage: United States
This data collection supplies standard monthly labor force data as well as supplemental data on work experience, income, noncash benefits, and migration. Comprehensive information is given on the employment status, occupation, and industry of persons 14 years old and older. Additional data are available concerning weeks worked and hours per week worked, reason not working full-time, total income and income components, and residence. This collection was formed by expanding CURRENT POPULATION SURVEY: ANNUAL DEMOGRAPHIC FILE, 1983 (ICPSR 8192) to include monetary value estimates for five types of noncash benefits,such as food stamps, school lunch programs, public or subsidized rental housing, Medicaid, and Medicare. Estimates are derived from three valuation approaches: the market value approach, the recipient or cash equivalent approach, and the poverty budget share approach. Data on employment and income refer to the preceding year, while demographic data refer to the time of the survey. Information on demographic characteristics, such as age, sex, race, household relationship, and Hispanic origin, is available for each person in the household enumerated.
Curated

Current Population Survey, March 1985: Estimates of Noncash Benefit Values (ICPSR 8472)

Released/updated on: 1992-02-16
Geographic coverage: United States
Time period: 1984-03-01--1985-03-01
Beginning in March 1980, the Current Population Survey has included questions on participation in a selected group of noncash benefit programs including the National School Lunch Program, Food Stamp Program, public or other subsidized rental housing programs, Medicare, and Medicaid. These questions serve as the basis for valuing noncash benefits and estimating the effect they have on poverty.
Curated

Current Population Survey, March 1986: Estimates of Noncash Benefit Values (ICPSR 9510)

Released/updated on: 1992-02-17
Geographic coverage: United States
Time period: 1985-03-01--1986-03-01
This data collection provides monetary value estimates for five types of noncash benefits. These noncash benefits are food stamps, school lunches, public or subsidized rental housing, Medicaid, and Medicare. The three valuation approaches used were market value, recipient or cash equivalent, and poverty budget share. The estimates are based on data obtained from the March 1985 Current Population Survey (CPS).
Curated
Simple Crosstabs

National Longitudinal Study of Adolescent to Adult Health (Add Health), 1994-2025 [Public Use] (ICPSR 21600)

Released/updated on: 2026-03-03
Geographic coverage: United States
Time period: 1994-01-01--2025-01-01

Downloads of Add Health require submission of the following information, which is shared with the original producer of Add Health: supervisor name, supervisor email, and reason for download. A Data Guide for this study is available as a web page and for download.

The National Longitudinal Study of Adolescent to Adult Health (Add Health), 1994-2018 [Public Use] is a longitudinal study of a nationally representative sample of U.S. adolescents in grades 7 through 12 during the 1994-1995 school year. The Add Health cohort was followed into young adulthood with four in-home interviews, the most recent conducted in 2008 when the sample was aged 24-32. Add Health combines longitudinal survey data on respondents' social, economic, psychological, and physical well-being with contextual data on the family, neighborhood, community, school, friendships, peer groups, and romantic relationships.

Add Health Wave I data collection took place between September 1994 and December 1995, and included both an in-school questionnaire and in-home interview. The in-school questionnaire was administered to more than 90,000 students in grades 7 through 12, and gathered information on social and demographic characteristics of adolescent respondents, education and occupation of parents, household structure, expectations for the future, self-esteem, health status, risk behaviors, friendships, and school-year extracurricular activities. All students listed on a sample school's roster were eligible for selection into the core in-home interview sample. In-home interviews included topics such as health status, health-facility utilization, nutrition, peer networks, decision-making processes, family composition and dynamics, educational aspirations and expectations, employment experience, romantic and sexual partnerships, substance use, and criminal activities. A parent, preferably the resident mother, of each adolescent respondent interviewed in Wave I was also asked to complete an interviewer-assisted questionnaire covering topics such as inheritable health conditions, marriages and marriage-like relationships, neighborhood characteristics, involvement in volunteer, civic, and school activities, health-affecting behaviors, education and employment, household income and economic assistance, parent-adolescent communication and interaction, parent's familiarity with the adolescent's friends and friends' parents.

Add Health data collection recommenced for Wave II from April to August 1996, and included almost 15,000 follow-up in-home interviews with adolescents from Wave I. Interview questions were generally similar to Wave I, but also included questions about sun exposure and more detailed nutrition questions. Respondents were asked to report their height and weight during the course of the interview, and were also weighed and measured by the interviewer.

From August 2001 to April 2002, Wave III data were collected through in-home interviews with 15,170 Wave I respondents (now 18 to 26 years old), as well as interviews with their partners. Respondents were administered survey questions designed to obtain information about family, relationships, sexual experiences, childbearing, and educational histories, labor force involvement, civic participation, religion and spirituality, mental health, health insurance, illness, delinquency and violence, gambling, substance abuse, and involvement with the criminal justice system. High School Transcript Release Forms were also collected at Wave III, and these data comprise the Education Data component of the Add Health study.

Wave IV in-home interviews were conducted in 2008 and 2009 when the original Wave I respondents were 24 to 32 years old. Longitudinal survey data were collected on the social, economic, psychological, and health circumstances of respondents, as well as longitudinal geographic data. Survey questions were expanded on educational transitions, economic status and financial resources and strains, sleep patterns and sleep quality, eating habits and nutrition, illnesses and medications, physical activities, emotional content and quality of current or most recent romantic/cohabiting/marriage relationships, and maltreatment during childhood by caregivers. Dates and circumstances of key life events occurring in young adulthood were also recorded, including a complete marriage and cohabitation history, full pregnancy and fertility histories from both men and women, an educational history of dates of degrees and school attendance, contact with the criminal justice system, military service, and various employment events, including the date of first and current jobs, with respective information on occupation, industry, wages, hours, and benefits. Finally, physical measurements and biospecimens were also collected at Wave IV, and included anthropometric measures of weight, height and waist circumference, cardiovascular measures such as systolic blood pressure, diastolic blood pressure, and pulse, metabolic measures from dried blood spots assayed for lipids, glucose, and glycosylated hemoglobin (HbA1c), measures of inflammation and immune function, including High sensitivity C-reactive protein (hsCRP) and Epstein-Barr virus (EBV).

Wave V data collection took place from 2016 to 2018, when the original Wave I respondents were 33 to 43 years old. For the first time, a mixed mode survey design was used. In addition, several experiments were embedded in early phases of the data collection to test response to various treatments. A similar range of data was collected on social, environmental, economic, behavioral, and health circumstances of respondents, with the addition of retrospective child health and socio-economic status questions. Physical measurements and biospecimens were again collected at Wave V, and included most of the same measures as at Wave IV.

The overall goal of Wave VI was to better understand life course trajectories, determinants, and consequences of critical dimensions of aging, health, and health disparities among U.S. early midlife adults. Data collection took place from 2022 to 2025, with participants between the ages of 39 and 51, with an average age of 44. Beyond longitudinal survey measures, newly added questions included those on cumulative stress, discrimination, despair, work-life balance, memory, physical limitations, and caregiving. Continuing from previous waves, home exams collected physical measurements and biospecimens with most of the same measures as Wave V.

Curated

Southeast Asian Refugee Self-Sufficiency Study, 1982 (ICPSR 8454)

Released/updated on: 1992-02-16
Geographic coverage: United States
This survey gauged the economic and social status of Southeast Asian refugees who arrived in the United States after September 1978, a group generally known as the "Boat People." Special emphasis was placed on investigating how these refugees adapted to life in the United States and achieved economic self-sufficiency. The survey asked about educational and occupational backgrounds, household composition, family size, secondary migration after arrival in the United States, English proficiency, health problems, health care, insurance coverage, employment, earned income, rent payments, automobile ownership, and the use of government and private programs providing income assistance, vocational training, and other kinds of services. Respondents also were queried about financial setbacks incurred since arrival in the United States, financial support of persons living outside the household, membership in clubs and associations, problems faced in adjusting to life in the United States, degree of satisfaction with housing, neighborhood, services received, and life as a whole, and perceptions about prospects for the future.
Curated

Survey of Consumer Attitudes and Behavior, Fall 1962 (ICPSR 3626)

Released/updated on: 1992-02-16
Geographic coverage: United States
This survey was undertaken to assess consumer sentiment and buying plans, as well as to provide information on the geographic mobility of adults and families. Open-ended questions were asked concerning evaluations and expectations about price changes, the unemployment problem, recession, and the national business situation. Questions were also asked on travel, reasons for travel, cost, mode of transportation, and vacation place preference. Other questions focused on welfare, state or local government aid or assistance, respondents' pension plans, savings, self-perceived class status, United States citizenship, type of house and neighborhood lived in, political party identification, voting behavior, and the degree of respondents' interest in politics. Information was also obtained on respondents' attitudes toward various forms of savings and various types of employment agencies. Additional variables probe respondents' buying intentions for a house, automobiles, appliances, and other consumer durables, as well as respondents' appraisals of present market conditions for purchasing these items. Other variables probe respondents' opinions of the Cold War between the former Soviet Union and the West and its effect on business conditions in the United States, as well as their assessment of their financial status relative to the previous year. Demographic variables provide information on actual and expected family size, age, marital status, sex, race, place of birth, education, occupation, family income, and religion.
Curated

Survey of Income and Education, 1976: Immigrant Extract (ICPSR 7917)

Released/updated on: 1992-02-16
Geographic coverage: United States
This data collection contains information from the SURVEY OF INCOME AND EDUCATION, 1976 (ICPSR 7634), conducted during the months of April through July of 1976 by the Census Bureau for the Department of Health, Education, and Welfare. The survey served as a supplement to the yearly Current Population Survey and was conducted to obtain reliable state-by-state data on the numbers of children in local areas with family incomes below the federal poverty level. The information was used to facilitate Title 1 of the Elementary and Secondary Education Act by the Department of Health, Education, and Welfare. The survey includes questions used in the Current Population Survey and also contains additional exclusive questions covering school enrollment, disability, health insurance, bilingualism, food stamp recipiency, assets, and housing costs. This extract was created by subsetting from the original files only those persons who said they were not born in the United States. The data were provided by the National Chicano Research Network, which was located at the Survey Research Center of the Institute of Social Research, University of Michigan.
Curated

Survey of Income and Education, 1976: Modified File (ICPSR 7915)

Released/updated on: 1992-02-16
Geographic coverage: North Carolina, Indiana, Wyoming, Utah, Arizona, Montana, Kentucky, California, Kansas, Florida, Delaware, Pennsylvania, Mississippi, Iowa, Illinois, Texas, Connecticut, Georgia, Virginia, Maryland, Idaho, Oregon, Vermont, United States, Oklahoma, Tennessee, Maine, Alabama, Arkansas, Washington, South Carolina, Nebraska, West Virginia, Massachusetts, Colorado, Missouri, Alaska, North Dakota, Wisconsin, Nevada, District of Columbia, Rhode Island, South Dakota, Hawaii, Minnesota, New York (state), New Jersey, Michigan, New Mexico, New Hampshire, Louisiana, Ohio
This data collection contains information from the Survey of Income and Education (SIE) conducted during the months of April through July of 1976 by the Census Bureau for the Department of Health, Education, and Welfare. The original SIE file, SURVEY OF INCOME AND EDUCATION, 1976 (ICPSR 7634), was modified by the United States Commission of Civil Rights and consists of all the minority records and 1/8 of the majority from the original files. The records were made rectangular by combining three record types (household-level, family-level, and person-level) with lengths of 450 characters into a single record with a length of 846. Three variables have also been added to each record: group identification code, typical educational requirement for current occupation, and occupational prestige code. The survey served as a supplement to the yearly Current Population Survey and was conducted to obtain reliable state-by-state data on the numbers of children in local areas with family incomes below the federal poverty level. The information was used to facilitate Title 1 of the Elementary and Secondary Education Act by the Department of Health, Education, and Welfare. The SIE includes questions used in the Current Population Survey and also contains additional exclusive questions covering school enrollment, disability, health insurance, bilingualism, food stamp recipiency, assets, and housing costs. The SIE modified file was provided by the National Chicano Research Network, which was located at the Survey Research Center of the Institute for Social Research, University of Michigan.
Curated

Survey of Income and Program Participation (SIPP) 1984 Full Panel Research File (ICPSR 9331)

Released/updated on: 1994-06-30
Geographic coverage: United States
Time period: 1983-06-01--1986-04-01
This dataset contains basic demographic, social, and economic data for each member of interviewed households in the first eight waves of the 1984 Panel of SIPP. Variables include age, sex, race, ethnic origin, marital status, household relationship, education, and veteran status. Limited data are provided on housing unit characteristics such as number of units in structure and tenure. Core questions, repeated at each interview, include monthly labor force activity, types and amounts of monthly income, and participation in various cash and noncash benefits programs for each month of the survey period. Data for employed persons include number of hours and weeks worked, earnings, and weeks without a job. Nonworkers are classified as unemployed or not in the labor force. In addition to income data associated with labor force activity, nearly 50 other types of income data are provided. Several variables are included for use in identifying longitudinal households and persons in them and to aid in analysis.
Curated

Survey of Income and Program Participation (SIPP) [1984 Panel] (ICPSR 8317)

Released/updated on: 2002-09-03
Geographic coverage: United States
Time period: 1983-06-01--1986-06-01
This longitudinal survey was designed to add significantly to the amount of detailed information available on the economic situation of households and persons in the United States. These data examine the level of economic well-being of the population and also provide information on how economic situations relate to the demographic and social characteristics of individuals. There are three basic elements contained in the survey. The first is a control card that records basic social and demographic characteristics for each person in a household, as well as changes in such characteristics over the course of the interviewing period. The second element is the core portion of the questionnaire, with questions repeated at each interview on labor force activity, types and amounts of income, participation in various cash and noncash benefit programs, attendance in postsecondary schools, private health insurance coverage, public or subsidized rental housing, low-income energy assistance, and school breakfast and lunch participation. The third element consists of topical modules which are series of supplemental questions asked during selected household visits. No topical modules were created for the first or second waves. The Wave III Rectangular Core and Topical Module File offers both the core data and additional data on (1) education and work history and (2) health and disability. In the areas of education and work history, data are supplied on the highest level of schooling attained, courses or programs studied in high school and after high school, whether the respondent received job training, and if so, for how long and under what program (e.g., CETA or WIN). Other items pertain to the respondent's general job history and include a description of selected previous jobs, duration of jobs, and reasons for periods spent not working. Health and disability variables present information on the general condition of the respondent's health, functional limitations, work disability, and the need for personal assistance. Data are also provided on hospital stays or periods of illness, health facilities used, and whether health insurance plans (private or Medicare) were available. Respondents whose children had physical, mental, or emotional problems were questioned about the causes of the problems and whether the children attended regular schools. The Wave IV Rectangular Core and Topical Module file contains both the core data and sets of questions exploring the subjects of (1) assets and liabilities, (2) retirement and pension coverage, and (3) housing costs, conditions, and energy usage. Some of the major assets for which data are provided are savings accounts, stocks, mutual funds, bonds, Keogh and IRA accounts, home equity, life insurance, rental property, and motor vehicles. Data on unsecured liabilities such as loans, credit cards, and medical bills also are included. Retirement and pension information covers such items as when respondents expect to stop working, whether they will receive retirement benefits, whether their employers have retirement plans, if so whether they are eligible, and how much they expect to receive per year from these plans. In the category of housing costs, conditions, and energy usage, variables pertain to mortgage payments, real estate taxes, fire insurance, principal owed, when the mortgage was obtained, interest rates, rent, type of fuel used, heating facilities, appliances, and vehicles. The Wave V topical modules explore the subject areas of (1) child care, (2) welfare history and child support, (3) reasons for not working/reservation wage, and (4) support for nonhousehold members/work-related expenses. Data on child care include items on child care arrangements such as who provides the care, the number of hours of care per week, where the care is provided, and the cost. Questions in the areas of welfare history and child support focus on receipt of aid from specific welfare programs and child support agreements and their fulfillment. The reasons for not working/reservation wage module presents data on why persons are not in the labor force and the conditions under which they might join the labor force. Additional variables cover job search activities, pay rate required, and reason for refusal of a job offer. The set of questions dealing with nonhousehold members/work-related expenses contains items on regular support payments for nonhousehold members and expenses associated with a job such as union dues, licenses, permits, special tools, uniforms, or travel expenses. Information is supplied in the Wave VII Topical Module file on (1) assets and liabilities, (2) pension plan coverage, and (3) real estate property and vehicles. Variables pertaining to assets and liabilities are similar to those contained in the topical module for Wave IV. Pension plan coverage items include whether the respondent will receive retirement benefits, whether the employer offers a retirement plan and if the respondent is included in the plan, and contributions by the employer and the employee to the plan. Real estate property and vehicles data include information on mortgages held, amount of principal still owed and current interest rate on mortgages, rental and vacation properties owned, and various items pertaining to vehicles belonging to the household. Wave VIII Topical Module includes questions on support for nonhousehold members, work-related expenses, marital history, migration history, fertility history, and household relationships. Support for nonhousehold members includes data for children and adults not in the household. Weekly and annual work-related expenses are documented. Widowhood, divorce, separation, and marriage dates are part of the marital history. Birth expectations as well as dates of birth for all the householder's children, in the household or elsewhere, are recorded in the fertility history. Migration history data supplies information on birth history of the householder's parents, number of times moved, and moving expenses. Household relationships lists the exact relationships among persons living in the household. Part 49, Wave IX Rectangular Core and Topical Module Research File, includes data on annual income, retirement accounts, taxes, school enrollment, and financing. This topical module research file has not been edited nor imputed, but has been topcoded or bottomcoded and recoded if necessary by the Census Bureau to avoid disclosure of individual respondents' identities.
Curated

Survey of Income and Program Participation (SIPP) 1984 Panel: Health-Wealth Merged File (ICPSR 8903)

Released/updated on: 1994-06-30
Geographic coverage: United States
Time period: 1984-01-01--1984-12-01
This data collection, which contains merged data from the topical modules for Waves III and IV of Survey of Income and Program Participation (SIPP), is especially useful for analyses on the older population. In addition to providing data on basic social and economic characteristics, sources of income, and participation in various cash and noncash transfer programs, the file also includes data on health conditions, physical limitations, health insurance coverage, pension coverage, assets and liabilities, housing conditions, costs, and energy use.
Curated

Survey of Income and Program Participation (SIPP) 1985 Full Panel Research File (ICPSR 9395)

Released/updated on: 1992-02-17
Geographic coverage: United States
Time period: 1985-02-01--1987-08-01
This dataset contains basic demographic, social, and economic data for each member of interviewed households in the first eight waves of the 1985 Panel of Survey of Income and Program Participation (SIPP). Variables include age, sex, race, ethnic origin, marital status, household relationship, education, and veteran status. Limited data are provided on housing unit characteristics such as number of units in structure and tenure. Core questions, repeated at each interview, include monthly labor force activity, types and amounts of monthly income, and participation in various cash and noncash benefits programs for each month of the survey period. Data for employed persons include number of hours and weeks worked, earnings, and weeks without a job. Nonworkers are classified as unemployed or not in the labor force. In addition to income data associated with labor force activity, nearly 50 other types of income data are provided. Several variables are included for use in identifying longitudinal households and persons in them and to aid in analysis.
Curated

Survey of Income and Program Participation (SIPP) 1985 Panel (ICPSR 9176)

Released/updated on: 2002-09-19
Geographic coverage: United States
Time period: 1984-10-01--1987-07-01
This data collection is part of a longitudinal survey designed to provide detailed information on the economic situation of households and persons in the United States. These data examine the distribution of income, wealth, and poverty in American society and gauge the effects of federal and state programs on the well-being of families and individuals. There are three basic elements contained in the survey. The first is a control card that records basic social and demographic characteristics for each person in a household, as well as changes in such characteristics over the course of the interviewing period. The second element is the core portion of the questionnaire, with questions repeated at each interview on labor force activity, types and amounts of income, participation in various cash and noncash benefit programs, attendance in postsecondary schools, private health insurance coverage, public or subsidized rental housing, low-income energy assistance, and school breakfast and lunch participation. The third element consists of topical modules, which are series of supplemental questions asked during selected household visits. Topical modules were not created for the first or second waves of the 1985 panel. The topical module for Wave III contains information on assets and liabilities. Included are questions on loans, IRAs, medical bills, other debts, checking accounts, and savings bonds, as well as questions related to mortgages, royalties, and other investments, real estate property and vehicles, rental income, self-employment, and stocks and mutual fund shares. The Wave IV topical module contains information on fertility history, household relationships, marital history, migration history, support for non-household members, and work-related expenses. The topical module for Wave VI includes data on child care arrangements, child support agreements, support for non-household members, job offers, health status and utilization of health care services, long-term care, and disability status of children. Wave VII topical module contains information on assets and liabilities. Included are questions on pension plan coverage, lump sum distributions from pension plans, characteristics of job from which retired, and characteristics of home financing arrangements. Frequencies for each wave are also provided. Parts 27 and 28 of this study are the unedited research files for Wave V and Wave VIII Topical Modules, obtained from the Census Bureau. These files include data on annual income, retirement accounts, taxes, school enrollment, and financing. These two topical module files have not been edited nor imputed, although they have been topcoded or bottomcoded and recoded if necessary by the Census Bureau to avoid disclosure of individual respondents' identities.
Curated

Survey of Income and Program Participation (SIPP) 1986 Full Panel Research File (ICPSR 9414)

Released/updated on: 1992-02-17
Geographic coverage: United States
Time period: 1985-10-01--1988-03-01
This data collection contains basic demographic, social, and economic data for each member of interviewed households in the first seven waves of the 1986 Panel of SIPP. Variables include age, sex, race, ethnic origin, marital status, household relationship, education, and veteran status. Limited data are provided on housing unit characteristics such as number of units in structure and tenure. Core questions, repeated at each interview, include monthly labor force activity, types and amounts of monthly income, and participation in various cash and noncash benefits programs for each month of the survey period. Data for employed persons include number of hours and weeks worked, earnings, and weeks without a job. Nonworkers are classified as unemployed or not in the labor force. In addition to income data associated with labor force activity, nearly 50 other types of income data are provided. Several variables are included for use in identifying longitudinal households and persons in them and to aid in analysis.
Curated

Survey of Income and Program Participation (SIPP) 1987 Full Panel Research File (ICPSR 9600)

Released/updated on: 1992-02-17
Geographic coverage: United States
Time period: 1986-10-01--1989-04-01
This data collection contains basic demographic, social, and economic data for each member of interviewed households in the first seven waves of the 1987 Panel of SIPP. Variables include age, sex, race, ethnic origin, marital status, household relationship, education, and veteran status. Limited data are provided on housing unit characteristics such as number of units in structure and tenure. Core questions, repeated at each interview, cover monthly labor force activity, types and amounts of monthly income, and participation in various cash and noncash benefits programs for each month of the survey period. Data for employed persons include number of hours and weeks worked, earnings, and weeks without a job. Nonworkers are classified as unemployed or not in the labor force. In addition to income data associated with labor force activity, nearly 50 other types of income data are provided. Several variables are included for use in identifying longitudinal households and persons in them and to aid in analysis.
Curated

Survey of Income and Program Participation (SIPP) 1987 Panel (ICPSR 9365)

Released/updated on: 1992-02-17
Geographic coverage: United States
Time period: 1986-10-01--1989-01-01
This data collection is part of a longitudinal survey designed to provide detailed information on the economic situation of households and persons in the United States. These data examine the distribution of income, wealth, and poverty in American society and gauge the effects of federal and state programs on the well-being of families and individuals. There are three basic elements contained in the survey. The first is a control card that records basic social and demographic characteristics for each person in a household, as well as changes in such characteristics over the course of the interviewing period. The second element is the core portion of the questionnaire, with questions repeated at each interview on labor force activity, types and amounts of income, participation in various cash and noncash benefit programs, attendance in postsecondary schools, private health insurance coverage, public or subsidized rental housing, low-income energy assistance, and school breakfast and lunch participation. The third element consists of topical modules, which are series of supplemental questions asked during selected household visits. A topical module was not created for the first wave of the 1987 panel. The Wave II topical module includes data on marriage and fertility history, education and training history, employment and work disability history, migration, family background, and household relationships. The Wave III topical module concerns child care arrangements and child care costs. The Wave IV topical module provides information on assets and liabilities. Included are questions on loans, IRAs, medical bills, other debts, checking accounts, and savings bonds, as well as questions related to mortgages, royalties, other investments, real estate property and vehicles, rental income, self-employment, and stocks and mutual fund shares. The topical module for Wave V includes data on educational enrollment and financing. Variables include enrollment in elementary school, high school, and college, costs of school attendance for those not attending public schools, and sources of financial assistance such as grants, loans, fellowships and scholarships, tuition reduction, and the GI Bill. The topical module for Wave VI provides information on work schedules, child care, child support agreements, support for non-household members, long-term care, disability status of children, and health status and utilization of health care services. Wave VII topical module includes data on assets and liabilities.
Curated

Survey of Income and Program Participation (SIPP) 1988 Full Panel Research File (ICPSR 6028)

Released/updated on: 1993-12-18
Geographic coverage: United States
Time period: 1987-10-01--1989-12-01
This data collection contains basic demographic, social, and economic data for each member of interviewed households in the first six waves of the 1988 Panel of Survey of Income and Program Participation (SIPP). Variables include age, sex, race, ethnic origin, marital status, household relationship, education, and veteran status. Limited data are provided on housing unit characteristics such as number of units in structure and tenure. Core questions, repeated at each interview, cover monthly labor force activity, types and amounts of monthly income, and participation in various cash and noncash benefits programs for each month of the survey period. Data for employed persons include number of hours and weeks worked, earnings, and weeks without a job. Nonworkers are classified as unemployed or not in the labor force. In addition to income data associated with labor force activity, nearly 50 other types of income data are provided. Several variables are included for use in identifying longitudinal households and persons in them and to aid in analysis.
Curated

Survey of Income and Program Participation (SIPP) [1988 Panel] (ICPSR 9568)

Released/updated on: 2002-11-08
Geographic coverage: United States
Time period: 1987-10-01--1989-12-01
This data collection is part of a longitudinal survey designed to provide detailed information on the economic situation of households and persons in the United States. These data examine the distribution of income, wealth, and poverty in American society and gauge the effects of federal and state programs on the well-being of families and individuals. There are three basic elements contained in the survey. The first is a control card that records basic social and demographic characteristics for each person in a household, as well as changes in such characteristics over the course of the interviewing period. The second element is the core portion of the questionnaire, with questions repeated at each interview on labor force activity, types and amounts of income, participation in various cash and noncash benefit programs, attendance in postsecondary schools, private health insurance coverage, public or subsidized rental housing, low-income energy assistance, and school breakfast and lunch participation. The third element consists of topical modules, which are a series of supplemental questions asked during selected household visits. A topical module was not created for the first wave of the 1988 panel. The Wave II Topical Module (Part 3) concerns fertility history. Women were asked the number of children they had and the number they expected to have in the future. They were also asked about their employment status prior to and after their first pregnancies. The Wave III (Part 5) and Wave VI Topical Modules (Part 11) include data on work schedules, child care, child support agreements, support for nonhousehold members, long-term care, disability status of children, and health status and utilization of health care services. The Topical Module for Wave IV (Part 7) contains questions on assets and liabilities, such as savings accounts, stocks, IRA accounts, loans, and credit cards. The Wave V Topical Module (Part 9) covers educational financing and enrollment for persons over the age of 15. Part 15, the Full Panel Research Data File, has not been edited nor imputed although it has been topcoded or bottomcoded and recoded if necessary by the Census Bureau, to avoid disclosure of individual respondents.
Curated

Survey of Income and Program Participation (SIPP) 1989 Panel (ICPSR 6427)

Released/updated on: 1997-06-24
Geographic coverage: United States
Time period: 1988-02-01--1989-09-01
This data collection is part of a longitudinal survey designed to provide detailed information on the economic situation of households and persons in the United States. These data examine the distribution of income, wealth, and poverty in American society and gauge the effects of federal and state programs on the well-being of families and individuals. There are three basic elements contained in the survey. The first is a control card that records basic social and demographic characteristics for each person in a household, as well as changes in such characteristics over the course of the interviewing period. The second element is the core portion of the questionnaire, with questions repeated at each interview on labor force activity, types and amounts of income, participation in various cash and noncash benefit programs, attendance in postsecondary schools, private health insurance coverage, public or subsidized rental housing, low-income energy assistance, and school breakfast and lunch participation. The third element consists of topical modules, which are a series of supplemental questions asked during selected household visits. Topical modules include some core data to help link individuals to the core files. The 1989 panel is an abbreviated panel with combined core and topical module data for Wave 3. The topical module covers work schedules, child care arrangements, child support agreements, support of nonhousehold members, health status and utilization of health care services, long-term care, and disability status of children.
Curated

Survey of Income and Program Participation (SIPP) 1990 Full Panel Research File [Waves 1-8 Longitudinal Microdata File] (ICPSR 6253)

Released/updated on: 2001-05-09
Geographic coverage: United States
Time period: 1989-10-01--1992-08-01

This data collection contains basic demographic, social, and economic data for each member of interviewed households during the eight waves of SURVEY OF INCOME AND PROGRAM PARTICIPATION (SIPP) 1990 PANEL (ICPSR 9722).

Variables include age, sex, race, ethnic origin, marital status, household relationship, education, and veteran status. Limited data are provided on housing unit characteristics such as number of units in structure and tenure.

Core questions, repeated at each interview, cover monthly labor force activity, types and amounts of monthly income, and participation in various cash and noncash benefits programs for each month of the survey period. Data for employed persons include number of hours and weeks worked, earnings, and weeks without a job. Nonworkers are classified as unemployed or not in the labor force. In addition to income data associated with labor force activity, nearly 50 other types of income data are provided. Several variables are included for use in identifying longitudinal households and persons in them and to aid in analysis.

Curated

Survey of Income and Program Participation (SIPP) [1990 Panel] (ICPSR 9722)

Released/updated on: 2002-09-19
Geographic coverage: United States
Time period: 1989-10-01--1992-08-01

This data collection is part of a longitudinal survey designed to provide detailed information on the economic situation of households and persons in the United States. These data examine the distribution of income, wealth, and poverty in American society and gauge the effects of federal and state programs on the well-being of families and individuals.

There are three basic elements contained in the survey. The first is a control card that records basic social and demographic characteristics for each person in a household, as well as changes in such characteristics over the course of the interviewing period. The second element is the core portion of the questionnaire, with questions repeated at each interview on labor force activity, types and amounts of income, participation in various cash and noncash benefit programs, attendance in post-secondary schools, private health insurance coverage, public or subsidized rental housing, low-income energy assistance, and school breakfast and lunch participation. The third element consists of topical modules, which are a series of supplemental questions asked during selected household visits.

Topical modules include some core data to help link individuals to the core files.

A topical module was not created for Wave I. The Wave II Topical Module (Part 17) covers recipiency, employment, work disability, education and training, marital status, migration, and fertility histories along with household relationships. The Wave III Topical Module (Part 19) includes data on work schedules, child care, child support agreements, support for nonhousehold members, functional limitations and disability, and utilization of health care services. Data from the Wave IV Topical Module (Part 21) include assets and liabilities, retirement expectations and pension plan coverage, and real estate property and vehicles. The Wave V Topical Module (Part 23) provides data on educational financing and enrollment. The Wave VI Topical Module (Part 25) covers time spent outside the work force, child care, child support agreements, support for nonhousehold members, functional limitations and disability, and utilization of health care services. Data in the Wave VII Topical Module (Part 27) cover selected financial assets, medical expenses and work disability, and real estate, shelter costs, dependent care, and vehicles. Wave VIII Topical Module (Part 29) includes data on annual income and retirement accounts, taxes, and school enrollment and financing. Part 33 of this study is the Wave V Topical Module Research File, an unedited version of Part 23. This research file has not been edited nor imputed but has been topcoded or bottomcoded and recoded if necessary by the Census Bureau to avoid disclosure of individual respondents' identities.

Curated

Survey of Income and Program Participation (SIPP) 1990 Panel: Waves 1-5 Longitudinal Microdata File (ICPSR 6124)

Released/updated on: 2001-05-18
Geographic coverage: United States
Time period: 1989-10-01--1991-07-01

This data collection contains basic demographic, social, and economic data for each member of interviewed households during the first five of the eight waves of SURVEY OF INCOME AND PROGRAM PARTICIPATION (SIPP) 1990 PANEL (ICPSR 9722).

Variables include age, sex, race, ethnic origin, marital status, household relationship, education, and veteran status. Limited data are provided on housing unit characteristics such as number of units in structure and tenure.

Core questions, repeated at each interview, cover monthly labor force activity, types and amounts of monthly income, and participation in various cash and noncash benefits programs for each month of the survey period. Data for employed persons include number of hours and weeks worked, earnings, and weeks without a job. Nonworkers are classified as unemployed or not in the labor force. In addition to income data associated with labor force activity, nearly 50 other types of income data are provided. Several variables are included for use in identifying longitudinal households and persons in them and to aid in analysis.

Curated

Survey of Income and Program Participation (SIPP) 1991 Full Panel Microdata File (ICPSR 2036)

Released/updated on: 1997-10-08
Geographic coverage: United States
Time period: 1990-10-01--1993-08-01

This data collection contains basic demographic, social, and economic data for each member of interviewed households during the eight waves of the 1991 Panel of SIPP.

Variables include age, sex, race, ethnic origin, marital status, household relationship, education, and veteran status. Limited data are provided on housing unit characteristics such as number of units in structure and tenure.

Core questions, repeated at each interview, cover monthly labor force activity, types and amounts of monthly income, and participation in various cash and noncash benefit programs for each month of the survey period. Data for employed persons include number of hours and weeks worked, earnings, and weeks without a job. Nonworkers are classified as unemployed or not in the labor force. In addition to income data associated with labor force activity, nearly 50 other types of income data are provided. Several variables are included for use in identifying longitudinal households and persons in them and to aid in analysis.

Curated

Survey of Income and Program Participation (SIPP) 1992 Panel (ICPSR 6429)

Released/updated on: 2002-11-08
Geographic coverage: United States
Time period: 1991-10-01--1995-03-01

This is a longitudinal survey designed to provide detailed information on the economic situation of households and persons in the United States. These data examine the distribution of income, wealth, and poverty in American society and gauge the effects of federal and state programs on the well-being of families and individuals.

There are three basic elements contained in the survey. The first is a control card that records basic social and demographic characteristics for each person in a household, as well as changes in such characteristics over the course of the interviewing period. The second element is the core portion of the questionnaire, with questions repeated at each interview on labor force activity, types and amounts of income, participation in various cash and noncash benefit programs, attendance in postsecondary schools, private health insurance coverage, public or subsidized rental housing, low-income energy assistance, and school breakfast and lunch participation. The third element consists of topical modules, which are a series of supplemental questions asked during selected household visits.

Topical modules include some core data to help link individuals to the core files.

Topical module data for the 1992 Panel cover the following topics: Topical Module 1 -- welfare and other aid recipiency and employment, Topical Module 2 -- work disability, education and training, marital status, migration, and fertility histories, Topical Module 3 -- extended measures of well-being, including consumer durables, living conditions, and basic needs, Topical Module 4 -- assets and liabilities, retirement expectations and pension plan coverage, real estate, property, and vehicles, Topical Module 5 -- school enrollment and financing, Topical Module 6 -- work schedules, child care, support for nonhousehold members, functional limitations and disabilities, utilization of health care services, and home-based self-employment and size of firm, Topical Module 7 -- selected financial assets, medical expenses and work disability, real estate, shelter costs, dependent care, and vehicles, Topical Module 8 -- school enrollment and financing, Topical Module 9 -- work schedule, child care, child support agreements, child support, support for nonhousehold members, functional limitations and disability, utilization of health care, functional limitations and disability of children, health status and utilization of health care services, and utilization of health care services for children. Parts 26 and 27 are the Wave 5 and Wave 8 Topical Module Microdata Research Files obtained from the Census Bureau. These two topical module files include data on annual income, retirement accounts and taxes, and school enrollment and financing. These topical module files have not been edited nor imputed, although they have been topcoded or bottomcoded and recoded if necessary by the Census Bureau to avoid disclosure of individual respondents' identities.

Curated

Survey of Income and Program Participation (SIPP) 1992 Panel: Waves 1-10 Longitudinal File (ICPSR 2037)

Released/updated on: 1997-10-22
Geographic coverage: United States
Time period: 1991-10-01--1995-03-01

This data collection contains basic demographic, social, and economic data for each member of interviewed households during the ten waves of the 1992 Panel of SIPP.

Variables include age, sex, race, ethnic origin, marital status, household relationship, education, and veteran status. Limited data are provided on housing unit characteristics such as number of units in structure and tenure.

Core questions, repeated at each interview, cover monthly labor force activity, types and amounts of monthly income, and participation in various cash and noncash benefit programs for each month of the survey period. Data for employed persons include number of hours and weeks worked, earnings, and weeks without a job. Nonworkers are classified as unemployed or not in the labor force. In addition to income data associated with labor force activity, nearly fifty other types of income data are provided. Several variables are included for use in identifying longitudinal households and persons in them and to aid in analysis.

Curated

Survey of Income and Program Participation (SIPP) 1992 Panel, Waves 1-7 Longitudinal File (ICPSR 6951)

Released/updated on: 1997-08-13
Geographic coverage: United States
Time period: 1991-10-01--1993-12-01

This data collection contains basic demographic, social, and economic data for each member of interviewed households during the first seven waves of SURVEY OF INCOME AND PROGRAM PARTICIPATION (SIPP) 1992 PANEL (ICPSR 6429).

Variables include age, sex, race, ethnic origin, marital status, household relationship, education, and veteran status. Limited data are provided on housing unit characteristics such as number of units in structure and tenure.

Core questions, repeated at each interview, cover monthly labor force activity, types and amounts of monthly income, and participation in various cash and noncash benefits programs for each month of the survey period. Data for employed persons include number of hours and weeks worked, earnings, and weeks without a job. Nonworkers are classified as unemployed or not in the labor force. In addition to income data associated with labor force activity, nearly 50 other types of income data are provided. Several variables are included for use in identifying longitudinal households and persons in them and to aid in analysis.

Curated

Survey of Income and Program Participation (SIPP) 1993 Panel (ICPSR 6886)

Released/updated on: 1999-10-04
Geographic coverage: United States
Time period: 1992-10-01--1996-01-01

This data collection is part of a longitudinal survey designed to provide detailed information on the economic situation of households and persons in the United States. These data examine the distribution of income, wealth, and poverty in American society and gauge the effects of federal and state programs on the well-being of families and individuals.

There are three basic elements contained in the survey. The first is a control card that records basic social and demographic characteristics for each person in a household, as well as changes in such characteristics over the course of the interviewing period. The second element is the core portion of the questionnaire, with questions repeated at each interview on labor force activity, types and amounts of income, participation in various cash and noncash benefit programs, attendance in post-secondary schools, private health insurance coverage, public or subsidized rental housing, low-income energy assistance, and school breakfast and lunch participation. The third element consists of topical modules, which are series of supplemental questions asked during selected household visits.

Topical modules include some core data to link individuals to the core files.

The Wave 1 Topical Module covers recipiency history, which includes welfare and other aid, and employment history. The Wave 2 Topical Module includes data on work disability, education and training, marital, migratory, and fertility histories, and household relationships. The Wave 3 Topical Module covers work schedule, child care, child support agreements, support for nonhousehold members, functional limitations and disability, and utilization of health care services. The Wave 4 Topical Module covers selected financial assets, medical expenses and work disability, real estate, shelter costs, dependent care, and vehicles. The Wave 5 Topical Module covers annual income, retirement accounts, and taxes in one file and school enrollment and financing in the second file. The Wave 6 Topical Module covers the same subjects as the Wave 3 Topical Module, but in greater detail, and includes a section on children's well-being. The Wave 7 Topical Module covers assets and liabilities, medical expenses and work disabilities, real estate, shelter costs, dependent care, and vehicles. The Wave 8 Topical Module covers school enrollment and financing. The Wave 9 Topical Module covers retirement expectations and pension plan coverage, work schedule, child care, children's well-being, child support agreements, support for nonhousehold members, and basic needs, including ability to meet expenses, food adequacy, and minimum income.

Curated

Survey of Income and Program Participation (SIPP) 1993 Panel, Longitudinal File (ICPSR 2421)

Released/updated on: 1998-11-16
Geographic coverage: United States
Time period: 1993-02-01--1995-09-01

This data collection contains basic demographic, social, and economic data for each member of interviewed households during the ten waves of the 1993 panel of SIPP.

Variables include age, sex, race, ethnic origin, marital status, household relationship, education, and veteran status. Limited data are provided on housing unit characteristics such as number of units in structure and tenure.

Core questions, repeated at each interview, cover monthly labor force activity, types and amounts of monthly income, and participation in various cash and noncash benefit programs for each month of the survey period. Data for employed persons include number of hours and weeks worked, earnings, and weeks without a job. Nonworkers are classified as unemployed or not in the labor force. In addition to income data associated with labor force activity, nearly 50 other types of income data are provided. Several variables are included for use in identifying longitudinal households and persons in them and to aid in analysis.

Curated

Survey of Income and Program Participation (SIPP) 1996 Panel, Longitudinal Files (ICPSR 3668)

Released/updated on: 2006-03-30
Geographic coverage: United States
Time period: 1995-12-01--2000-02-01

This data collection contains basic demographic, social, and economic data for each member of interviewed households during the 12 waves of the 1996 panel of SIPP.

Variables include age, sex, race, ethnic origin, marital status, household relationship, education, and veteran status. Limited data are provided on housing unit characteristics such as number of units in structure, tenure, access, and complete kitchen facilities.

Core questions, repeated at each interview, cover monthly labor force activity, types and amounts of monthly income, and participation in various cash and noncash benefit programs for each month of the survey period. Data for employed persons include number of hours and weeks worked, earnings, and weeks without a job. Nonworkers are classified as unemployed or not in the labor force. In addition to income data associated with labor force activity, nearly 50 other types of income data are provided. Core data also include post-secondary school attendance, public or private subsidized rental housing, low-income energy assistance, and school breakfast and lunch participation. Several variables are included for use in identifying longitudinal households and persons in them and to aid in analysis.