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Cognition and Aging in the USA (CogUSA) 2007-2009 (ICPSR 36053)

Released/updated on: 2015-04-16

Geographic coverage: United States

Time period: 2007-01-01--2009-12-31

Cognition and Aging in the USA (CogUSA) is a national longitudinal study of cognition, focused on the age-related changes in cognition across cohorts and on the impact of cognition on key health and economic outcomes. The aim of the CogUSA Study was to evaluate the effectiveness of a variety of tests in assessing cognitive skills on a sample mirroring the Health and Retirement Survey (HRS) (ICPSR 6854). Data were derived in three waves, with each wave utilizing a variety of measures. In Waves 1 and 3, these measures included an adaptive number series test. The Woodcock-Johnson (WJ-III) number series test and the Wechsler Abbreviated Scale of Intelligence (WASI) were used in Wave 2. Waves 1 and 3 were conducted as telephone interviews, while Wave 2 was conducted as an in-person interview. This collection includes indicators of cognitive abilities and functioning as well as a variety of demographic, health, and economic variables. Dataset 1 presents participant demographic information, and Dataset 2 presents scores calculated for the cognitive tests administered to the respondents in each of the three waves.

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The Hawaii Personality and Health Cohort, 1959-1967: Childhood Personality Data (ICPSR 36737)

Released/updated on: 2017-05-17

Geographic coverage: United States, Hawaii, Kauai, Oahu

Time period: 1959-01-01--1967-12-31

The Hawaii Personality and Health Cohort consists of teacher ratings of their students' personalities. John M. (Jack) Digman orchestrated the collection of the child personality data between 1959 and 1967, during his tenure as a professor at the University of Hawaii. Childhood data was collected on 2418 children in classrooms on the islands of Oahu and Kauai. Six waves of data collection were completed, and eighty-eight teachers provided assessments of their students. Children ranged in age from 5 to 14, and were in grades 1,2,3,5 or 6.

The initial goal of this work was to generate ratings using a broad set of items to allow for research on the structure of personality in childhood. The data collection predated the acceptance of the Big Five model of personality. Items were selected to capture the entire range of observable personality, which at the time was thought to be characterized by 10 or more domains. Subsequent analysis by Dr. Digman, and later by Lewis R. (Lew) Goldberg, demonstrated a consistent five factor structure in the child personality data. In the early days of the emergence of the Big Five model of personality structure, the Hawaii child data provided initial evidence to support the acceptance of Big Five model of personality.

Subsequent follow-up of the sample in adulthood has included multiple questionnaires, and assessments of objective markers of health. These follow-up data allowed for the first ever assessment of the stability in the Big Five over a span of 40 years. At average age 50, participants were recruited for a half day clinic visit. Objective markers of health collected at this time have supported work testing childhood personality as a predictor of physical health, and also research testing lifespan pathways linking childhood personality to physical health in adulthood.

This initial release includes the full childhood cohort data. Also included are a set of Big Five scores that have been used in published research on the Hawaii Personality Cohort, and a number of different sets of personality scales derived from these data. Basic demographic information is also provided. Subsequent data releases will include questionnaire and clinic data collected in adulthood.

For additional information about the correspondence between these datasets, please see the accompanying Excel file, which provides a table of overlapping variables across the datasets. Further information about this crosswalk file can be found in the "Item Overlap" section of the accompanying Study Description document.

Demographic variables included in this study include gender, cultural identity, and year of birth.

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Human Aging: A Biological and Behavioral Longitudinal Study of Healthy Aged Males, 1957-1968 (ICPSR 7678)

Released/updated on: 2006-01-12

Geographic coverage: United States

Time period: 1957-01-01--1968-12-31

This data collection contains data gathered in a longitudinal study of a sample of men aged 65 to 92 who were in good health during the first wave of the study in 1957. The chief aim of the study was to focus on the nature of the normal aging process in individuals of advanced age. The 47 study participants had not suffered from accidents, illnesses, severe emotional or personality problems, or environmental difficulties that might have led to premature aging, but 20 participants showed evidence of asymptomatic subclinical disease. This group represented the typical or "average" healthy aged individual with minimal degrees of physical pathology. Five years later, in 1962, a follow-up study was conducted with 29 of the 39 men still alive. The second follow-up, done in 1968, involved 19 of the surviving 23 men. The data are arranged in files by year: 1957, 1962, and 1968. Included are psychiatric data and medical evaluative data as well as various psychological and medical test scores (e.g., psychometric data, electroencephalographic data, audiological test data, responses to the Minnesota Multiphasic Personality Inventory (MMPI), Rorschach test results, personality test results, Inflund Selective Recall Test results, audiometric conduction findings, clinical psychology ratings, cerebral blood flow, and metabolism studies), and biographical and demographic data.

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National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey II, 1976-1980: Behavioral Questionnaire, Ages 25-74 Years (ICPSR 9552)

Released/updated on: 1992-02-17

Geographic coverage: United States

Time period: 1976-01-01--1980-12-31

This dataset from the National Health and Examination Survey II (NHANES II) features supplemental variables on personality and activity-level behaviors that may be related to coronary heart disease. Additionally, demographic variables and sampling weights are included in the file. The Demographic Section is divided into four parts: residence data, sample person data, household data, and head of household data. The residence data include information on where the respondent lives, size of place, and total number of persons in the household and/or family. Variables in the sample person data cover age, birth date, sex, race, state of birth, marital status, national origin or ancestry, educational status, and job- and work-related questions. Household data are concerned with characteristics such as total number of rooms in the residence, number of bedrooms, type of kitchen facilities, whether there are running water facilities in the household, and type of heating and cooling systems. Additional household variables offer information on transportation, the languages spoken in the household, and income for the past year. The head of household data include items such as head's age at interview, birth date, sex, race, state of birth, marital status, ancestry, education status, work status, and military service history. The Sample Weight Section provides appropriate adjustments to be used in making population estimates for the examined sample ages 25-74 as a whole, for the portion of the sample who had the medical history interview only, for those that had specific laboratory tests, for specific age/sex/race strata, and for poverty/nonpoverty status. The final section, variables from the Behavior Questionnaire, includes the 19-item Jenkins Activity Survey (1965 version), which elicits information on the sample respondent's perceptions of his or her own tendencies to be hard-driving, impatient, pressured by time, irritated, and competitive. Ten other questions were asked on amount and frequency of physical activity.