Showing 1 – 20 of 20 results.
Curated
CBS News Olympic Bombing/Terrorism Poll, July 1996 (ICPSR 4511)
Released/updated on: 2008-07-16
Geographic coverage: United States
Time period: 1996-07-01--1996-07-31
This poll, fielded July 29, 1996, is part of a continuing series of monthly surveys that solicit public opinion on the presidency and on a range of other political and social issues. Respondents were asked to give their opinions of President Bill Clinton and his handling of the bombing at the Olympic Games in Atlanta and the crash of TWA flight 800. They were also queried on whether they thought that these two events would affect their travel plans or attendance to public events. A number of questions dealt with issues pertaining to terrorism. Respondents were asked if they thought there would be more terrorist attacks in the coming year or if the Olympic bombing was a random act. They were also asked whether they thought it would be okay for the federal government to have more authority and plant undercover agents in possible terrorist groups. They were also asked they thought it would be okay for the government to use wiretaps to fight terrorism. A few questions dealt with security checkpoints at public events and buildings. Respondents were asked if they would favor more security checkpoints with guards and metal detectors at public events even if it would increase the cost of going to the event. They were also asked if they favored the increase in security at public events even if it increased the time waiting in line. They were also asked whether they would be willing to go through metal detectors at local malls and have their car inspected in order to park in a public garage. Respondents were queried on how much confidence they had that their own community was safe from terrorism along with how safe they thought the upcoming Republican and Democratic political conventions were from terrorism. They were also queried on whether they thought that it was possible to make the United States completely safe from terrorist bombings. Demographic variable include sex, age, race, education level, household income, religious affiliation, political ideology, party affiliation, children in household, and whether respondents had a child enter the ninth grade starting in the fall
Self-published
Geopolitical Conflict, Sanctions, and Olympic Performance: Evidence from Paris 2024 (ICPSR 246782)
Released/updated on: 2026-03-05
Time period: 2000-01-01--2024-12-31
We examine how armed conflict and participation restrictions are associated with
Olympic performance. Using Summer Games data from 2000–2021, we estimate a
Tobit model of medal shares and construct counterfactual predictions for Paris 2024
based on pre-war dynamics. Countries directly affected by the Russia–Ukraine war
underperformed relative to predicted outcomes, with an especially large deviation
for Russia. At the sport level, former Soviet republics exceeded predictions in medal-
intensive disciplines, consistent with competitive reallocation. The findings suggest
that geopolitical shocks can shift not only participation but also the cross-country
distribution of Olympic success.
The following results may be significantly less relevant compared to results above.
Curated
ABC News Abuse and Excuse Poll, February 1994 (ICPSR 6619)
Released/updated on: 1997-05-16
Geographic coverage: United States
Time period: 1994-02-01--1994-02-28
For this special topic poll, respondents were asked whether Tonya Harding should remain on the United States Olympic team along with Nancy Kerrigan following the attack on Kerrigan allegedly arranged by Harding. Opinions on issues involving spousal and child abuse were also solicited, specifically surrounding the Lorena Bobbitt incident. Demographic background variables include political orientation, age, and sex.
Curated
CBS News/New York Times Tonya Harding Hearing Poll, February 1994 (ICPSR 6592)
Released/updated on: 2000-06-21
Time period: 1994-02-01--1994-02-28
This special topic poll focused on figure skater Tonya Harding's disciplinary hearing by the United States Figure Skating Association. Questions covered the sport of figure skating in general, and the actions of the United States Figure Skating Association and the United States Olympic Committee in particular. Respondents were also asked to give their personal opinions of Tonya Harding, injured figure skater Nancy Kerrigan, and Harding's boyfriend, Jeff Gillooly. Background information on respondents includes voter registration status, household composition, vote choice in the 1992 presidential election, political party, political orientation, education, age, sex, race, religious preference, and family income.
Curated
New York Times New York City Poll, April 2004 (ICPSR 4094)
Released/updated on: 2005-12-15
Geographic coverage: New York City, United States, New York (state)
Time period: 2004-04-01--2004-04-30
For this special topic poll, respondents were asked to give their opinions on such topics as their satisfaction with the job performances of New York City Mayor Michael Bloomberg, New York Governor George Pataki, and President George W. Bush. They were also asked to give their opinions on term-limits, the New York City economy, New York City public schools, property taxes, terrorism, the candidates for the 2005 mayoral election, the smoking ban, and the 2012 Olympics. Background information on respondents includes smoking status, employment status, sex, voter registration status, political philosophy, voting record in the 2001 mayoral race, borough of residence, religion, marital status, education, age, ethnicity, and total family income in the year 2002.
Self-published
C-55 Thinning and fertilization in western redcedar (C55 WRC TF) (ICPSR 249109)
Released/updated on: 2026-06-03
Time period: 1980-04-01--2005-11-01
C55 is a study of thinning and fertilization implemented in a naturally regenerated, high density stand of primarily western redcedar on a low-site quality area on the Olympic Peninsula in western Washington. The fertilization treatments compared effectiveness of urea and ammonium nitrate (2 nitrogen fertilizers) as well as fertilization treatments which included phosphorus, calcium, potassium and sulfur. This data publication contains the response variables, measured between 1980 and 2005, such as tree height and diameter growth, basal area, regeneration, foliar nutrients, stem taper, crown width, branch diameter and regeneration.
Self-published
ECIN Replication Package for "Let There Be Light: Daylight Saving Time and Road Traffic Collisions" (ICPSR 182865)
Released/updated on: 2022-11-17
Geographic coverage: Australia
This is the data and code for "Let There Be Light: Daylight Saving Time and Road Traffic Collisions".
This paper examines the impact of Daylight Saving Time (DST) on fatal road crashes in Australia. I exploit within year transitions to and from DST in a regression discontinuity in time framework. To examine the long run effect of the policy, I use trials of DST implemented in various states, and a DST extension due to the Sydney Olympics. Neither the transition to or out of DST, nor the long run effects of DST have an impact on fatalities on the road. However, there is evidence of reallocation of accidents over the day due to ambient light.
Curated
CBS News Monthly Poll #2, July 1996 (ICPSR 2303)
Released/updated on: 2011-03-10
Geographic coverage: United States
Time period: 1996-07-01--1996-07-31
This poll, conducted July 21, 1996, is part of a continuing series of monthly surveys that solicit public opinion on the presidency and on a range of other political and social issues. Respondents were asked to give their opinions of President Bill Clinton and his handling of the presidency. Those queried were also asked for their views on the crash of TWA Flight #800, the National Transportation Safety Board, commercial airline travel safety, and government regulation of airline travel. Comparative questions were asked about the safety of air travel versus other modes of transportation, and the safety of airports in the United States compared to airports in other countries. Other topics addressed how much control a president could have over terrorism as well as respondents' level of confidence that the 1996 Summer Olympics in Atlanta would be safe from terrorism. Demographic variables include sex, age, race, political party affiliation, political party lean, education level, and family income, and age of children in household.
Self-published
Whole-School Inclusion Programs and Student Academic and Behavioral Outcomes (ICPSR 238864)
Released/updated on: 2025-10-15
This study examines the impact of a nationally scaled whole-school inclusion initiative—the Special Olympics Unified Champion Schools (UCS) program—on student academic and behavioral outcomes. Using 11 years of student-level administrative data from North Carolina and a difference-in-differences design, we analyze how exposure to UCS relates to standardized test scores, GPA, graduation rates, absenteeism, and disciplinary incidents. Results show that longer participation in UCS is associated with improved academic performance and reductions in absenteeism and suspensions, particularly for students with intellectual disabilities. Subgroup analyses suggest larger effects for students from low-income backgrounds. As the first student-level evaluation of UCS using a rigorous empirical design, this study provides new evidence on the academic and behavioral benefits of whole-school inclusion programs. Findings highlight the potential of sustained, schoolwide approaches to support positive outcomes for students with and without disabilities and inform future efforts to strengthen inclusive practices in educational settings.
Self-published
Mid-21st century simulated burn probability projections for moist temperate forests of the Pacific Northwest (ICPSR 248853)
Released/updated on: 2026-06-01
Time period: 1992-01-01--2064-12-31
Spatial wildfire simulations were conducted for the Westside forests of the Pacific Northwest using the "Large-Fire Simulator", FSim, to study potential changes in fire regimes between a contemporary baseline simulation period (1992-2020), and a projected mid-21st century simulation period (2035-2064) based on projected climate change derived from 12 different global climate models (GCMs). Outputs include 270 meter resolution rasters of burn probability (annual chance of a pixel burning), individually for each of 5 Westside pyromes: Olympics and Puget Lowlands; Washington North Cascades; Washington West Cascades; Oregon West Cascades; and Oregon Coast Range. FSim generates tens of thousands of hypothetical fire years (January 1 - December 31) using daily weather generation, fire growth, and fire suppression algorithms to model fire occurrence and spread. Contemporary baseline (1992-2020) FSim runs were conducted using observed weather records from a Remote Automatic Weather Stations (RAWS) in each pyrome over the 1992-2020 period, and future mid-21st century weather was drawn from 12 individual GCM projections of future climate for each pyrome.
Curated
ABC News/Washington Post President Bush 100 Days Poll, April 2001 (ICPSR 3189)
Released/updated on: 2001-07-16
Geographic coverage: United States
Time period: 2001-04-01--2001-04-30
This poll, conducted April 19-22, 2001, is part of a continuing series of monthly surveys that solicit public opinion on the presidency and on a range of other political and social issues. Respondents were asked to give their opinions of President George W. Bush and his handling of the presidency, the economy, international affairs, environmental issues, and education. They also expressed their views on the way Vice President Dick Cheney and the United States Congress were handling their jobs. The poll queried respondents about Bush's experience and ability to be a president, and whether President Bush cared more about ordinary people or large corporations, as well as their views on the most important task for President Bush and Congress. Respondents were also asked about the economic situation in the country, whether the United States was heading into an energy crisis, whether federal funding should be given to religious groups, what the priorities for surplus money in the federal budget should be, and President Bush's budget plan. Respondents expressed their views on the way President Bush was handling relations with China, whether the United States should have free trade with China, China's bid to host the Olympic Games, and the sale of advanced weapons to Taiwan. Respondents' opinions were also elicited about a plan in which people could invest some of their Social Security contributions in the stock market. Respondents were also asked about their participation in the last presidential election on November 7, 2000, and whom they voted for. Background information on respondents includes age, gender, education, race, religion, party affiliation, political orientation, household income, voter registration, and type of residential area.
Self-published
Twenty-year tree measurement data from true fir spacing trials in the Pacific Northwest (ICPSR 249346)
Released/updated on: 2026-06-06
Time period: 1987-01-01--2014-12-31
A series of 18 precommercial thinning trials were established in true-fir-hemlock stands in the Olympic Mountains and along the west side of the Cascade Range in Washington and Oregon, from 1987 through 1994. The stands were selected to represent the tree conditions (species, density, stand origin) and site conditions of stands likely to be managed in the future. Each of the 18 installations contained either 1 or 2 sets of 6 treatment plots with each set including an unthinned (control plot) and 5 plots thinned to different approximate square spacings: 7.9, 10.1, 12.8, 16.4, and 20.9 feet. Treatment plot sizes ranged from 0.59 to 0.92 acres with larger plots used for wider tree spacings. Measurement plots (0.25 acres) were buffered inside the treatment plots. On thinned plots, all trees remaining after thinning were tagged and diameter at breast height (DBH) as well as tree condition were recorded if the tree had a DBH at or above 0.6 inches. On unthinned (control) plots, all trees with a DBH at or above 0.6 inches were measured. Tree height and height to live crown were also measured for a subset of trees (selected across species and size categories) after 5, 10 and 19-20 years. Crown width was measured on 4 height trees per species per plot at the last measurement only. Ingrowth trees with a DBH of 1.6 inches and larger were also tagged and measured on all plots at ages 5 and 10. At the last measurement (years 19-20), ingrowth trees > 4.6 inches DBH were tagged and measured and four 1/50 acre subplots were established in each plot to record ingrowth > 1.6 inches and < 4.6 inches by species and 1 inch diameter classes (due to large numbers of ingrowth trees present on some widely spaced plots). In addition, during the last measurement period, trees measured for height and height to live crown were reduced to approximately 30 per species per plot distributed across the range of diameters.
Curated
New York Times New York City Poll, June 2005 (ICPSR 4331)
Released/updated on: 2007-02-14
Geographic coverage: New York City, United States, New York (state)
Time period: 2005-06-01--2005-06-30
This poll, fielded June 21-26, 2005, is part of a continuing series of monthly surveys that solicit public opinion on the current presidency and on a range of other political and social issues. The focus of this survey was the 2005 New York City mayoral race. Residents of the city were asked to give their opinions of the candidates running for mayor and how those candidates would deal with various issues. Their opinions were also sought about the New York City school system. The candidates mentioned in the survey included current Mayor Michael Bloomberg, Fernando Ferrer, Virginia Fields, Gifford Miller, Thomas Ognibene, and Anthony Weiner. A series of questions asked the respondents to give their opinion on the subject of the rebuilding of the World Trade Center site, whether they felt that current Mayor Bloomberg was doing a good job or not and if he was spending too much or too little effort on this issue. Respondents were also asked to rate the New York City economy and if they thought it was getting better or worse. Questions respondents were asked concerning New York City schools included if they were satisfied with the public school system and the schools located in their neighborhood, what type of school the respondents' children attended, and their opinion about the way Joe Klein was handling his job as the New York City School Chancellor. Respondents were asked to compare neighborhood safety at the time of the survey to that of four years previously, what their opinion was on the prospect of building new stadiums in the New York City area, and if they thought that a new stadium would help the city win its bid for the 2012 Olympics. Other general topics included quality of life in New York City, city services, the economy, crime, taxes, the transit system, and housing. Demographic variables include age, sex, race, household income, education level, political party affiliation, political philosophy, religious affiliation, marital status, borough of residence, and likely mayoral vote.
Curated
Washington Post Poll, February 2002 (ICPSR 3434)
Released/updated on: 2002-06-27
Geographic coverage: United States
Time period: 2002-02-01--2002-02-28
This poll is part of a continuing series of monthly surveys that solicit public opinion on the presidency and on a range of other political and social issues. This poll was undertaken to assess respondents' views on current events since the terrorist attacks on September 11, 2001. Respondents were asked whether they felt things were going in the right direction in the United States or if they have gotten seriously off track, and whether President George W. Bush and the Democratic leaders of Congress were making progress on solving the nation's problems. They were questioned about whether they approved of the manner in which Congress, as a whole, and their own representative, in particular, were doing their respective jobs. Respondents were then asked to describe the state of the nation's economy and identify who or what deserved the credit/blame for this: President Bush, Republicans in Congress, Democrats in Congress, normal changes in the business cycle, the events of September 11th or former president Bill Clinton. In addition, respondents' political knowledge was tested based on whether they were aware that Donald Rumsfeld was the current Secretary of Defense, and that an education reform bill had been passed by congress and signed into law this year by President Bush. Respondents were also questioned on how closely they were attuned to the following events: the war in Afghanistan, possible new terrorist attacks on the United States, the collapse of the Texas-based energy company Enron, the 2002 winter Olympics, upcoming congressional elections, and debates on campaign finance reform and an economic stimulus package. Also, on the matter of Enron, respondents were asked who they felt bore more responsibility for the current situation, Democrats or Republicans. Regarding September 11th, respondents were asked how this affected their interest in political news, and what importance they now placed on partisan politics. Respondents were also queried about their stance on possible United States military action against Iraq to remove Saddam Hussein from power. Background information on respondents includes age, gender, political party, education, religion, voter participation history, area of residence, labor union membership, race, and household income.
Self-published
Douglas-fir levels of growing stock study (LOGS) data from the Pacific Northwest (ICPSR 249489)
Released/updated on: 2026-06-07
Time period: 1961-01-01--2006-12-31
A regional cooperative study, known as the Douglas-fir levels of growing stock study (LOGS), began in 1961 in Oregon, Washington, and British Columbia with a total of nine study areas. The program objective was to determine the relationships between volume growth, basal area growth, and diameter growth, to growing stock levels for a standard set of eight thinning regimes in Douglas-fir stands 20-40 feet tall and continued through 60 feet of height growth. This data publication contains the 1961-2006 data for the three study areas maintained by the USDA Forest Service, Pacific Northwest Research Station: Iron Creek, Rocky Brook, and Stampede Creek. Tree measurement data from all planned measurements are included plus some additional measurements beyond the planned measurement schedule. Data include, but are not limited to, tree height, diameter at breast height, height of the live crown from the ground, crown class, damage codes, and species.
Curated
Euro-barometer 33.0: The Single European Market: Eastern Europe, Spring 1990 (ICPSR 9518)
Released/updated on: 1996-12-10
Geographic coverage: Europe, United Kingdom, Portugal, Global, Spain, Greece, Netherlands, Belgium, Luxembourg, Ireland, Denmark, Italy, France, Germany
Time period: 1990-03-19--1990-04-16
This round of Euro-Barometer surveys queried respondents on standard Euro-Barometer measures such as life satisfaction, their country's goals for the next 10 or 15 years, and awareness of and attitudes toward the Common Market and the European Community (EC), as well as special topics including the recent changes in Eastern Europe, European sports and nationalism, and nuclear energy and radioactivity. The respondent's thoughts about the social dimension of the EC were explored by questions that asked whether the respondent thought the "Community Charter of Fundamental Social Rights" was a good thing, and what policy areas the respondent would favor or disfavor for inclusion in the charter. On matters concerning changes in Eastern Europe, respondents were asked how much they agreed with several proposals for how the EC could best respond to the changes, and which was more important--the Single European Market, the unification of the two German states, or the unification of Western and Eastern Europe. Other questions asked how threatening fascists and communists were to the respondent's country's way of life and whether the respondent agreed with statements detailing the level of participation of fascists and communists in the political process. The topic of sports and nationalism was addressed through questions asking whether respondents felt prouder when national sports teams won or when European teams won, whether they would favor Olympic teams from EC countries wearing a European Emblem, and whether the number of foreign "football" (soccer) players on club teams in the EC countries should be limited. The final line of query dealt with nuclear energy and radioactivity, and asked for the respondent's agreement with statements about the production, management, and wastes of nuclear power, how satisfied the respondent was with the information about radioactivity, and how much the respondent trusted several different sources of information about radioactivity. Demographic and other background information was gathered on number of people residing in the home, size of locality, home ownership, trade union membership, region of residence, and occupation of the head of household, as well as the respondent's age, sex, marital status, education, occupation, work sector, religion, religiosity, subjective social class, left-right political self-placement, and opinion leadership.
Curated
CBS News/New York Times Monthly Poll #1, December 2003 (ICPSR 3983)
Released/updated on: 2009-04-29
Geographic coverage: United States
Time period: 2003-12-01--2003-12-31
This poll is part of a continuing series of monthly surveys that solicit public opinion on the presidency and on a range of other political and social issues. Respondents were asked to give approval ratings for President George W. Bush and his handling of the presidency, Iraq, and the economy. Questions sought respondents' perceptions of the state of the economy and how it would progress in the future, their perception of George W. Bush's personal qualities, such as his level of honesty and integrity, and how much respondents knew about the recently passed Medicare bill. Respondents' opinions were elicited on potential Democratic presidential nominees such as former Vermont governor Howard Dean, Senator John Edwards, and Senator John Kerry. They were asked who they would vote for in the 2004 presidential election, how much issues like the war in Iraq and gay marriage would affect that decision, and whether they thought the Republicans or the Democrats better handled particular issues, such as senior prescription drugs or terrorism. Questions regarding the war in Iraq included whether respondents felt that the removal of Iraqi leader Saddam Hussein was worth the lost American lives and other costs, whether the Bush administration had a clear plan for rebuilding Iraq, whether the Bush administration was telling everything they knew about weapons of mass destruction in Iraq, and whether the public should be able to see pictures of the military honor guard receiving caskets returning from Iraq to the United States. Questions concerning the war on terrorism included whether the Bush administration had a clearly planned campaign for the war against terrorism and whether respondents believed that Saddam Hussein was involved in the September 11, 2001, terrorist attacks. Questions regarding gay marriage included whether the respondent believed that the question of "marriage" was a legal or a religious one, whether such marriages were "wrong," and whether they would support a law that allowed homosexuals to marry. On the issue of performance-enhancing drugs, respondents were asked whether they were bothered by hearing about professional athletes and Olympic athletes using them and how many athletes they thought used steroids. Background information was gathered on political identification, voting record, religious preference, marital status, level of education, age, ethnicity, annual household income, alternate phone numbers, and willingness for callback.
External data
German Election Study, 1980 (ICPSR 34785)
Released/updated on: 2013-07-11
Geographic coverage: Germany, Global
Time period: 1980-01-01--1980-12-31
This study consists of a data pool of ten separate "Politbarometer" surveys that were conducted monthly by MARPLAN and organized by the Forschungsgruppe Wahlen (Mannheim) as project leaders. The dataset integrates the separate surveys by coding the same question from each of the surveys under one variable. To also assure the continuity of this 1980 study with the German Electoral Data (GED) Project series, the studies for June, September and October were expanded to include questions relevant to the series, especially in eliciting information on party preference, the evaluation of leading politicians, and opinions about important political and social issues. Of particular note is the measurement of attitudes toward the political parties: several different measures were used to tap the various dimensions of party preference. Respondents were asked to separately evaluate each party and leading politicians, including the candidates for the position of Chancellor, Helmut Kohl and Helmut Schmidt, and to place the political parties on several versions of the left-right ideological dimension. Another component of the election study dealt with the respondents' opinions toward important problems, including the salience of economic issues for the German population. Open-ended questions were asked concerning the respondents' views of the economic situation, the election campaigns, a new political party, the German democratic process, improved relations between East and West Germany, relations between Germany and the United States, and the reunification of Germany. Respondents were also asked about the most important tasks facing Germany and the party that could best deal with these tasks, the reasons for the electoral outcome for each party, and respondents' political participation and voting decisions during the election campaign. Also probed were respondents' views of their financial situation, the efficacy of old-age pensions, nuclear power plants, church and politics, and labor unions, and their feelings about Germany's participation in the Olympic Games, the Soviet invasion of Afghanistan and the potential for a superpower war, the Iran hostage crisis, and the proposed economic boycott against Iran. Additional items queried respondents about their general political activities and voting behavior and intentions. Also explored were respondents' views of divorce, tolerance of opposing views, leisure time activities, and experience of stress situations. Demographic items specify age, sex, education, marital status, occupation, military status, income, union membership, political party affiliation, and religious preference.
Curated
Foreign Policy Leadership Project, 1976-1996 (ICPSR 2614)
Released/updated on: 1999-02-03
Geographic coverage: United States, Global
Time period: 1976-01-01--1996-12-31
The Foreign Policy Leadership Project (FPLP) has conducted extensive quadrennial mail surveys of elite civilian and military opinion since 1976. The cohort varies from year to year, and is drawn from organizations such as Who's Who, labor leadership, the Department of Defense, foreign service officers, the National War College, the press corps, politicians, and clergy leaders. Survey topics focus on United States foreign policy and foreign affairs. Specific issues vary from year to year, although a series of topics are repeated throughout the years. These topics include the importance of foreign policy goals such as containing communism, improving the global standard of living, defending United States allies, protecting United States interests abroad, strengthening the United Nations, combating world hunger, protecting the environment, controlling world population, and ending the illegal drug trade. Respondents are also asked to rate United States effectiveness in those areas. Additional recurring topics include the causes of war, approaches to world peace, threats to national security, and contemporary domestic issues. The theme of Part 1, 1976 Data, was the effect that the Vietnam War has had on United States foreign policy. Those queried were asked to assess America's role in world policy, such as providing economic aid to poorer nations and preventing the destruction of Israel. Given a list of foreign policy questions, respondents were asked to indicate their position and how it was shaped by the Vietnam experience. Questions covered the "domino theory", the Angolan civil war, and the use of United States military power. Those queried were asked to assess possible consequences of the Vietnam War, including policies toward the Third World, and damage to the United States economy. Respondents were also asked to rate the significance of factors that may have prevented the United States from achieving its goal in Vietnam, such as Watergate, the media, and the role of the Soviets and the Chinese. Those queried were asked to assess the role political events and policies such as the Truman Doctrine, the Marshall Plan, the Berlin Airlift, and the 1962 blockade of Cuba played as steps leading to United States involvement in Vietnam. Part 2, 1980 Data, introduced the 1979 Iran hostage crisis and the situation in Afghanistan. Respondents' views were sought on implications of the Afghanistan situation for United States farmers, the 1980 Moscow Olympic Games, foreign military bases, and Soviet foreign policy. Respondents' opinions were sought on current issues in United States foreign relations, such as the Strategic Arms Limitation Talks (SALT), human rights, the United States defense budget, the policy of detente, and policy in the Middle East. Those queried were asked to examine the lessons learned from the Iran hostage crisis, including the role of patience in foreign policy, the overthrow of the shah's regime, and dependence on oil from the Middle East. Part 3, 1984 Data, addressed political undertakings in Lebanon, El Salvador, Grenada, and Nicaragua. Respondents were asked about the implications of events related to the Middle East, including the 1983 truck bombing of United States Marines in Beruit, oil embargoes, and Soviet intentions in the region. Those queried were also asked for their opinions on current issues in American foreign relations, including Soviet-United States arms control negotiations and the defense of Western Europe, including the North Atlantic Treaty Organization (NATO) and the Warsaw Treaty. Views were also sought on recent United States foreign policies, such as opposition to a "nuclear freeze", failure to impose economic sanctions on South Africa for its policy of apartheid, and support of Great Britain after the Argentinian invasion of the Falkland Islands. Part 4, 1988 Data, covered the topics of escorting Kuwait's oil tankers into the Persian Gulf, United States support of the Aquino government in the Philippines, aiding "contra" rebels in Nicaragua, and supporting rebels fighting the government in Afghanistan. Respondents were also asked about the Strategic Defense Initiative (SDI) and the 1987 Intermediate Nuclear Forces (INF) Treaty. Their views were sought on cooperative efforts among nations to end terrorism, famine, the drug trade, and Third World debts. Those queried were asked what influenced their orientations toward foreign affairs, and the reliability of such information. Their views were sought on recent United States foreign policies, including the sale of arms to Iran and Saudi Arabia, the 1986 bombing of Libya, and refusal to invoke the War Powers Act. Other topics included the negative trade balance and Soviet foreign policy goals. Part 5, 1992 Data, focused on the effects of the Persian Gulf War and the collapse of the Soviet Union on United States foreign policy. Respondents were asked for their opinions on the political, economic, and social implications of the end of the Cold War for the United States and its foreign policies. Those queried were asked to evaluate possible reasons for the changes in the Soviet Union and Eastern Europe, including the influence of western media, the failure of communism to provide a satisfactory standard of living, the United States military build-up, and the election of a Polish Pope in 1978. Their views were sought on recent United States foreign policies, including the removal of President Manuel Noriega from power in Panama, the withholding of diplomatic recognition from Croatia and Slovenia, the preservation of NATO, promoting a peace conference to bring Israel and its Arab neighbors to the negotiating table, and creating a trade-free zone with Canada. Part 6, 1996 Data, covered the November 1995 decision by President Bill Clinton to send American troops to Bosnia, and whether vital American interests were at stake. Respondents were asked for their opinions on the possible use of American military forces abroad under a variety of situations. Such scenarios included a Russian invasion of Western Europe, an Iraqi invasion of Saudi Arabia, a Cuban attempt to overthrow Fidel Castro, a North Korean invasion of South Korea, and a civil war in Mexico. Those queried were asked for their opinions on the United States role in the leadership of UN and NATO troops, the values that the United States government should promote, which world problems the United States should contribute to monetarily, and the role of the government in promoting the interests of the disadvantaged. Respondents' views were also sought on recent United States foreign policies, including providing humanitarian aid to Somalia, granting "most favored nation" trade status to China, sending peacekeeping forces to Haiti, supporting NATO expansion, and establishing diplomatic relations with Vietnam. For all parts, background information on respondents includes sex, education, occupation, frequency of world travel, military service record, political party, political orientation, and political involvement.
Self-published
Species occurrence data from the aquatic eDNAtlas database (ICPSR 249450)
Released/updated on: 2026-06-07
Time period: 2001-01-01--2023-12-31
The eDNA samples in the eDNAtlas database describe species occurrence locations and were collected by the U.S. Forest Service and numerous agencies that have partnered with the National Genomics Center for Wildlife and Fish Conservation (NGC) throughout the United States. This project began in 2015, but updates will include legacy data that were collected using the same protocol. The eDNAtlas database consists of five feature classes. The first component (eDNAtlas_East_AGOL_SampleGridAndResults) is a systematically-spaced 1-kilometer grid of potential sample points in streams and rivers throughout the eastern United States. The points in the sampling grid are arrayed along the medium-resolution National Hydrography Dataset Version 2 (NHDPlusV2) and can be used to develop custom eDNA sampling strategies for many purposes. Each sample point has a unique identity code that enables efficient integration of processed eDNA sample results with the species occurrence database. The second component (eDNAtlas_NHDPlusV2_AGOL_ResultsOnly) is a database of georeferenced species occurrence locations based on eDNA field sampling results, which are downloadable by species through dynamic ArcGIS Online (AGOL) mapping tools. The points coincide with the sampling grid and are along the medium-resolution National Hydrography Dataset Version 2 (NHDPlusV2). The earliest eDNA results in the database were collected in 2015 but new samples and results are added annually to the database, which houses thousands of species occurrence records. This feature class includes results from both the western United States and the eastern portion of the country. The third component (eDNAtlas_NHDPlusHR_AGOL_ResultsOnly) is a point feature class of all eDNAtlas sample locations that are NOT associated with the eDNAtlas NHDPlusV2 1 km sample grid. These features represent sample locations in smalls streams, lakes, wetlands, springs, and other features that are not represented in the NHDPlusV2 digital data. Many of the sample locations have corresponding features in the NHDPlus High Resolution (NHDPlusHR) dataset. When possible, these sample points are attributed with selected NHDPlusHR attributes. Where no NHDPlusHR feature was present but a valid water sample was collected, field points are represented in this feature class, however no NHDPlus attributes are assigned to the attribute table. The fourth component (eDNAtlas_West_AGOL_SampleGridAndResults) is a systematically-spaced 1-kilometer grid of potential sample points in streams and rivers throughout the western United States. The points in the sampling grid are arrayed along the medium-resolution National Hydrography Dataset Version 2 (NHDPlusV2) and can be used to develop custom eDNA sampling strategies for many purposes. Each sample point has a unique identity code that enables efficient integration of processed eDNA sample results with the species occurrence database. The fifth component (eDNAtlas_Plains_AGOL_SampleGridAndResults) is a systematically-spaced 1-kilometer grid of potential sample points in streams and rivers throughout the middle “plains” region of the United States. Together with the eDNAtlas_East_AGOL_SampleGridAndResults and the eDNAtlas_West_AGOL_SampleGridAndResults, sample grid and results points are available for the continental United States. The points in the sampling grid are arrayed along the medium-resolution National Hydrography Dataset Version 2 (NHDPlusV2) and can be used to develop custom eDNA sampling strategies for many purposes. Each sample point has a unique identity code that enables efficient integration of processed eDNA sample results with the species occurrence database. In the feature class attribute tables, the unique ID for each grid sample point is eDNA_ID. The unique ID for each National Genomics Center for Wildlife and Fish Conservation (NGC) lab result is ID_Tag. There can be more than one ID_Tag per eDNA_ID grid sample point. For more information, see the website - https://www.fs.usda.gov/research/rmrs/projects/ednatlas