Showing 1 – 50 of 52 results.
Curated
Simple Crosstabs
2012 Chicago Council Survey on American Public Opinion and Foreign Policy (ICPSR 36230)
Released/updated on: 2015-12-07
Geographic coverage: United States
The Chicago Surveys are part of a long-running series of public opinion surveys conducted by The Chicago Council on Global Affairs every two years. This study is the 2012 Chicago Council Survey, designed to investigate the opinions and attitudes of the general public on matters related to foreign policy, and to define the parameters of public opinion within which decision-makers must operate.
The 2012 Chicago Council Survey focuses on respondents' opinions of the United States' leadership role in the world and the challenges the country faces domestically and internationally.
The survey covers the following international topics: relations with other countries, role in foreign affairs, possible threats to vital interests in the next ten years, foreign policy goals, benefits or drawbacks of globalization, situations that might justify the use of United States troops in other parts of the world, the number and location of United States military bases overseas, respondent feelings toward people of other countries, opinions on the influence of other countries in the world and how much influence those countries should have, United States participation in potential treaties, the United States' role in the United Nations and NATO, which side the United States should take in the Israeli-Palestinian conflict, what measures should be taken to deal with Iran's nuclear program, the military effort in Afghanistan, opinions on efforts to combat terrorism, and the rise of China as a global power.
Domestic issues include economic prospects for American children when they become adults, funding for government programs, the fairness of the current distribution of income in the United States, climate change, greenhouse gas emissions, and United States dependence on foreign energy sources.
Demographic and other background information include age, gender, race/ethnicity, marital status, left-right political self-placement, political affiliation, employment status, highest level of education, and religious preference. Also included are household size and composition, whether the respondent is head of household, household income, housing type, ownership status of living quarters, household Internet access, Metropolitan Statistical Area (MSA) status, and region and state of residence.
Curated
Simple Crosstabs
2015 Chicago Council Survey of American Public Opinion and U.S. Foreign Policy (ICPSR 36437)
Released/updated on: 2016-07-29
Geographic coverage: United States
The Chicago Council Surveys are part of a long-running series of public opinion surveys conducted by The Chicago Council on Global Affairs beginning in 1974. They were conducted quadrennially from 1974 to 2002, biennially from 2002 to 2014, and are now conducted annually. The surveys are designed to investigate the opinions and attitudes of the general public on matters related to foreign policy, and to define the parameters of public opinion within which decision-makers must operate. This public opinion study of the United States focused on respondents' opinions of the United States' leadership role in the world and the challenges the country faces domestically and internationally. Data were collected on a wide range of international topics, including: United States' relations with other countries, role in foreign affairs, possible threats to vital interests in the next ten years, foreign policy goals, situations that might justify the use of United States troops in other parts of the world, international trade, United States' participation in potential treaties, U.S. policy towards Russia in Ukraine, the embargo on Cuba and the effects of renewed diplomatic relations with Havana, views of the nuclear deal with Iran and what effects that deal is likely to have, and United States' relations with allies in Asia. Respondents were also asked their opinion on domestic issues including climate change, measures to improve the United States' economic competitiveness, and their views on US immigration policy. Demographic information collected includes age, gender, race/ethnicity, marital status, left-right political self-placement, political affiliation, employment status, highest level of education, and religious preference, household income, state of residence, and living quarters ownership status.
Curated
Simple Crosstabs
2016 Chicago Council Survey of American Public Opinion on U.S. Foreign Policy (ICPSR 36806)
Released/updated on: 2018-04-13
Geographic coverage: United States
The 2016 Chicago Council Survey continues the Chicago Council on Global Affairs' series of investigations into American public opinion on US foreign policy. These studies were conducted quadrennially from 1974 to 2002, biennially from 2002 to 2014, and are now conducted annually. They are designed to investigate the opinions and attitudes of the general public on matters related to foreign policy, and to define the parameters of public opinion within which decision-makers must operate. This public opinion study of the United States focused on respondents' opinions of the United States' leadership role in the world and the challenges the country faces domestically and internationally. Data were collected on a wide range of international topics, including: United States' relations with other countries, role in foreign affairs, possible threats to vital interests in the next ten years, foreign policy goals, international trade, the United States' participation in potential treaties, the United States' commitment to NATO, the basing of American troops abroad, policy towards the conflict in Syria, and the United States' relations in Asia. Respondents were also asked their opinion on domestic issues including climate change and US immigration policy. Demographic information collected includes age, gender, race/ethnicity, marital status, left-right political self-placement, political affiliation, employment status, highest level of education, religious preference, household income, state of residence, living quarters ownership status, and specifics about the metropolitan area in which they live.
Curated
Simple Crosstabs
2017 Chicago Council Survey of American Public Opinion on U.S. Foreign Policy (ICPSR 37970)
Released/updated on: 2021-06-21
Geographic coverage: United States
The 2017 Chicago Council Survey continues the Chicago Council on Global Affairs' series of investigations into American public opinion on United States foreign policy. These studies were conducted quadrennially from 1974 to 2002, biennially from 2002 to 2014, and are now conducted annually. They are designed to investigate the opinions and attitudes of the general public on matters related to foreign policy, and to define the parameters of public opinion within which decision-makers must operate. This public opinion study of the United States focused on respondents' opinions of the United States' leadership role in the world and the challenges the country faces domestically and internationally. Data were collected on a wide range of international topics, including: United States' relations with other countries, role in foreign affairs, possible threats to vital interests in the next ten years, foreign policy goals, international trade, the United States' participation in potential treaties, the United States' commitment to NATO, the basing of American troops abroad, policy towards the conflict in Syria, and the United States' relations with other countries. Respondents were also asked their opinion on US institutions, the US president, and federal government programs. Demographic information collected includes age, gender, race/ethnicity, marital status, left-right political self-placement, political affiliation, employment status, highest level of education, religious preference, household income, state of residence, and living quarters ownership status.
Curated
ABC News "Nightline" Haiti Poll, October 1993 (ICPSR 6291)
Released/updated on: 1997-05-16
Geographic coverage: United States
For this special topic poll, respondents were asked whether they approved of President Bill Clinton's handling of foreign affairs, the situation in Somalia, and the situation in Haiti. Specifically, they were queried as to whether Clinton had a clear policy on the situations in Somalia and Haiti and whether United States vital interests were at stake in either country. Questions covered whether the United States has the responsibility to take the leading role in world affairs, whether the United States should send United States troops to participate in United Nations peace-keeping efforts around the world, and whether those troops should be placed under United Nations command. Other questions focused on whether Clinton had consulted Congress enough regarding sending United States troops to participate in United Nations missions and whether Congress should have the power to prevent a president from sending troops to participate in such missions. Those queried were also asked whether they agreed with the United States oil embargo on Haiti and whether they supported sending United States troops to Haiti if democracy was not restored. The results of the poll were announced on the ABC television program "Nightline" the day the poll was taken. Demographic background variables include political orientation, sex, age, race, income, and education.
Curated
ABC News/Washington Post Iraq Casualties Poll, July 2003 (ICPSR 3810)
Released/updated on: 2003-10-09
Geographic coverage: United States
This special topic poll, conducted July 9-10, 2003, was undertaken to assess public opinion on the war with Iraq. Respondents were asked to give their opinions on the economic and human costs of the war against Iraq, the effectiveness of President George W. Bush, other countries' opinions of the United States as a result of the war, and the upcoming 2004 presidential election. Other of questions addressed the current and future casualties of the war, the necessity of locating Iraqi leader Saddam Hussein, the length of time necessary for the United States military to be in Iraq, the eventual costs and benefits of the war with Iraq, and the political impact of the war with Iraq. Background variables include age, sex, political orientation, education, and ethnicity.
Curated
ABC News/Washington Post Poll, May 1990 (ICPSR 9459)
Released/updated on: 2008-05-14
Geographic coverage: United States
Time period: 1990-05-17--1990-05-21
This data collection is part of a continuing series of monthly surveys that evaluate the Bush presidency and solicit opinions on a variety of political and social issues. Topics covered include the state of the economy, foreign affairs, the federal budget deficit, and relations with the Soviet Union. Respondents were asked if they trusted the Democrats or the Republicans to do a better job in coping with the main problems facing this country, if they thought that Bush should drop his "no new taxes" policy and consider raising taxes in order to reduce the federal budget deficit, and if they felt federal civil rights laws needed to be strengthened. Respondents also were asked a detailed series of questions regarding the Soviet Union and the Eastern Bloc countries. They were asked about American and Soviet influences in world affairs, impressions of Mikhail Gorbachev and George Bush, whether they thought changes that had occurred recently in the Soviet Union and Eastern Bloc countries would result in a peaceful world, and whether these changes would provide the United States with major economic opportunities. In addition, respondents were asked to identify the greatest threat to the United States from among the following: the military power of the Soviet Union, Middle Eastern terrorism, the economic strength of Japan, and South American drug traffickers. Respondents were also queried about how important it was to the United States that Gorbachev remain in power and whether they thought the United States should officially recognize Lithuania, Latvia, and Estonia as independent counties. Other topics covered include cuts in military spending, cuts in nuclear arms, sending food, clothing, and consumer goods to the Soviet Union, Soviet emigration to the United States, the upcoming summit meeting between Bush and Gorbachev, voting preference if the House of Representatives election were held that day, and whether a candidate's stand on taxes would influence the respondent's vote. Background information on respondents includes political alignment, 1988 presidential vote choice, education, age, religion, social class, marital status, number of people in household, labor union membership, employment status, race, income, sex and state/region of residence.
Curated
American Foreign Policy Officials Study, 1966 (ICPSR 5809)
Released/updated on: 1992-02-16
Geographic coverage: United States, Global
This data collection contains information on the personal background of 95 United States civilian and military officials involved in foreign policy and their attitudes toward aspects of the international political environment, United States foreign policy, and their own jobs in 1966. Respondents were asked questions about the most important political issues of their generation and their view of the structure of the world political arena, the major causes of war, the just-concluded bilateral agreement between the United States and Russia banning nuclear testing and further arms control, the role of the United Nations (UN) in world affairs, the usefulness of force, the greatest threat to American security, a North Atlantic Treaty Organization-controlled nuclear force, the primary foreign policy objective of the Soviet Union, the impact of the Cold War on American values, institutions, and ways of thinking, and American communists' eligibility for public office. Also elicited were respondents' attitudes toward non-aligned nations. Other variables provide personality scales measuring respondents' degree of dogmatism and rigidity. Demographic variables on respondents provide information on sex, race, nationality, education, religion, family, occupation, political party identification, self-perceived ideological leanings, and official status.
Curated
Arms Control in the European Political Environment: French and German Elite Responses, 1964 (ICPSR 7274)
Released/updated on: 1992-02-16
Geographic coverage: Europe, France, Germany, Global
This study collected data from 147 French and 173 German elite figures in order to investigate four significant aspects of French and West German politics relevant to the issue of arms control and disarmament in Western Europe. These four areas were domestic policy, foreign policy, European integration, and arms control and disarmament. The questions probed respondents' perceptions of the political system and its future, opinions on specific foreign policy issues and their relationship to domestic politics, the two Germanys question, national sovereignty versus international associations, European integration, and various nuclear strategies and arms control arrangements. Latent attitude structures were also measured. The "latent attitudes" questions tapped the respondents' interest in and emotional reactions to issues, perceptions of emotional reactions to professional roles and responsibilities, general ability to structure problems, open-mindedness, alienation, and feelings of competence. Biographical data, including standard demographic and personal information as well as data on party, military, and governmental backgrounds, were compiled from public records and interviews. Demographic variables cover age, sex, religious affiliation, level of education, military service, and past and present occupations.
Curated
Australian National Political Attitudes, 1967 (ICPSR 7282)
Released/updated on: 1992-02-16
Geographic coverage: Australia, Global
This study, the first in a long-range investigation of the attitudes and behavior of Australians, focused on the Australian electorate's interest in politics and their use of the news media as a source of political information. National issues, such as the power of trade unions, pension and social service spending, and government aid to education, were explored as well as international matters. The respondents' awareness of social classes was probed through questions concerning class mobility, and the political party affiliation of various classes. Respondents' opinions of the political parties and party leaders, their past party affiliations and voting patterns, their own active involvement in party work, and their familiarity with the platforms and performance of local members of both the federal and the state parliaments was ascertained. Demographic data include sex, age, marital status, religion, level of education, home ownership, occupation, and household income. The second wave of this investigation is presented in AUSTRALIAN NATIONAL POLITICAL ATTITUDES, 1969 (ICPSR 7393).
Curated
British Economic Imperialism, 1869-1914 (ICPSR 7738)
Released/updated on: 1992-02-16
Geographic coverage: Great Britain, Europe, Global
Time period: 1869-01-01--1914-01-01
These data are a time series of 46 cases, one for each year from 1869 to 1914, consisting of 134 variables that record information on various aspects of the British economy. Variables include raw values, nine-year moving averages, deviations from the average, and deviations from the linear trend for such quantities as British investment abroad, British gross domestic fixed capital, British exports and imports to the British Empire and to other parts of the world, and the number of British alliances. Data were collected from the most recent available studies in economic history, econometrics, and political science. In every instance, the source considered the most authoritative by the relevant discipline was used to collect the data.
Curated
British General Election Cross-Section Survey, 1997 (ICPSR 2615)
Released/updated on: 2000-01-18
Geographic coverage: Great Britain, United Kingdom, Scotland, Global
For this cross-section survey, respondents were interviewed following the May 1, 1997, British General Election. A total of 3,615 respondents were successfully interviewed, 882 of them in Scotland. The survey involved personal interviews with a random sample of British adults who were asked to complete a survey supplement following the interview. The aims of the 1997 survey were (1) to compare the voting behavior and issues of identity north and south of the Scottish border, (2) to analyze the interaction among long-term structural trends, medium-term economic and other influences, and short-term political factors, (3) to explore the manner in which those factors influence electoral outcomes, and (4) to draw international comparisons on the impact of electoral institutions on voting behavior and on attitudes toward elections. Fieldwork was conducted in May-August 1997. Topics covered the campaign leading to the 1997 elections, participation in 1997 local elections, political knowledge, trust in government, images of British leadership, and views on British political parties, the European Union, Northern Ireland, nuclear weapons, unemployment, inflation, nationalization and privatization of companies, redistribution of income, women's rights, the role of government in social policy, abortion, ethnic minorities, the British economy, and the future of governmental institutions such as the House of Lords. Background information on respondents includes age, sex, race, ethnicity, political party, political orientation, marital status, number of members in household, social class, employment history, health insurance status, citizenship, country of birth, voter registration and participation history, household income, education, religion, parents' employment history, parents' voting behavior, spouse's employment history, and union membership.
Curated
CBS News National and Local Surveys, 1984 (ICPSR 8410)
Released/updated on: 1992-02-16
Geographic coverage: United States
Time period: 1984-02-01--1984-04-01
These data were collected in the early part of the primary election season of 1984. Part 1, the February 5th survey, contains items concerning America's role in Lebanon, attention paid to the campaign, evaluations of Reagan and Mondale, likeability of the candidates running for the Democratic nomination, and demographic characteristics of respondents. In part 2, February 12th, respondents were asked about the primary and caucus system for nominating candidates, United States policy toward the Soviet Union, evaluations of the candidates' ability to deal with the Soviet Union, and demographic information. Part 3, the March survey, asked registered respondents to evaluate the candidates, and to give opinions on Kennedy, Carter and Humphrey. Respondents who were registered and indicated they would vote in the Democratic primaries were asked for more detailed evaluations of the candidates running for nomination, focusing particular attention on Mondale and Hart. This subgroup was also asked about different organizations that affect politics. All respondents were asked items on Reagan's job performance, whether Reagan would win in 1984 and whether they would vote Democratic in November. Demographic information was also collected. In the last part of this collection, the April survey, respondents were asked about their telephone service, costs and usage. In addition, items were asked concerning Ed Meese's nomination for Attorney General, whether the Reagan administration is free from scandal, and opinions concerning the nomination process for the Presidential election in November. Demographic information is also included.
Curated
CBS News National Surveys, 1985 (ICPSR 8547)
Released/updated on: 2006-01-18
Geographic coverage: United States
Each dataset contains questions of topical relevance or questions which pertain to broader social issues. The hijacking of TWA flight 847 was the focus of the first two surveys. Respondents were asked to evaluate Reagan's handling of the crisis, to give their opinions on how the United States should deal with terrorism and terrorists, and to explain their attitudes about United States policy in the Middle East and media coverage of the event. Attitudes towards air safety, including effects on travel plans, were explored in the third survey. The fourth dealt with the United States/Soviet summit meeting in Geneva. Questions regarding the summit include approval or disapproval of Reagan's handling of the summit, whether and how to negotiate with the Soviet Union, attitudes towards Gorbachev, and the role the leaders' wives played. In the final survey, respondents were queried about professional football--the game, teams, players, coaches, and media coverage. All respondents were asked for demographic information.
Curated
Comparative Political Parties Data, 1950-1962 (ICPSR 7534)
Released/updated on: 1992-02-16
Geographic coverage: Benin, Myanmar, Cambodia, Sudan, Malaysia, Paraguay, Portugal, Iceland, Global, North Korea, Greece, Austria, El Salvador, Iran, Luxembourg, Guatemala, Ecuador, Hungary, Ghana, Albania, New Zealand, Canada, Turkey, Central African Republic, Peru, Germany, United States, Guinea, Chad, Netherlands, Sweden, Ireland, France, Bulgaria, Tunisia, Togo, Uruguay, United Kingdom, Kenya, Lebanon, Cuba, Venezuela, Nicaragua, Burkina Faso, Democratic Republic of Congo, Denmark, Dominican Republic, Uganda, Zimbabwe, Australia, Soviet Union, Indonesia
Time period: 1950-01-01--1962-01-01
This data collection contains the observed characteristics of 158 diverse political parties operating in 53 countries between 1950 and 1962. The variables consist of both substantive coding of party characteristics and data quality measures. A base of 111 variables place party characteristics in a conceptual framework of 11 categories: institutionalization, governmental status, social attraction, social concentration, social reflection, issue orientation, goal orientation, autonomy, degree of organization, centralization of power, coherence, and involvement. Every variable that was coded was selected because of its relevance to a concept in the framework. The remaining variables are derived measures of the quality of those data.
Curated
Comparative Survey of Freedom, 1972-1976 (ICPSR 7555)
Released/updated on: 1992-02-16
Geographic coverage: South America, Papua New Guinea, Cambodia, Paraguay, Syria, Solomon Islands, Latin America, Bahamas, Gibralter, Montserrat, Mali, Panama, Guadeloupe, Virgin Islands of the United States, Laos, Argentina, Falkland Islands, Africa, Seychelles, Zambia, Belize, Bahrain, Guinea-Bissau, Namibia, Finland, Comoros, Faroe Islands, Netherlands Antilles, Yemen, Puerto Rico, China (Peoples Republic), Madagascar, Ivory Coast, Libya, Western Samoa, Sweden, Malawi, Cocos (Keeling) Islands, Andorra, Liechtenstein, Poland, Jordan, Bulgaria, Tunisia, Channel Islands, United Arab Emirates, Tuvalu, Kenya, French Polynesia, Lebanon, Djibouti, Brunei, Cuba, Czech Republic, Mauritania, Mayotte, Israel, San Marino, Australia, Azores, Soviet Union, Myanmar, Central America, Cameroon, Cyprus, Northern Mariana Islands, Bermuda Islands, Malaysia, North America, Iceland, Global, Oman, Armenia, Gabon, Yugoslavia, Luxembourg, Brazil, Turks and Caicos Islands, Algeria, Ecuador, Colombia, Vanuatu, Italy, Honduras, Micronesia (Federated States), Nauru, Haiti, Afghanistan, Burundi, Singapore, French Guiana, American Samoa, Christmas Island, Netherlands, Martinique, Saint Pierre and Miquelon, Reunion, Bhutan, Romania, Togo, Philippines, Asia, Democratic Republic of Congo, British Virgin Islands, Zimbabwe, Pacific Ocean, Indonesia, Benin, Angola, Sudan, East Timor, Portugal, New Caledonia, North Korea, Grenada, Greece, Cayman Islands, Morocco, Iran, Guatemala, Guyana, Iraq, Chile, Nepal, Isle of Man, Tanzania, West Indies, Ghana, India, Canada, Maldives, Turkey, Belgium, South Africa, Trinidad and Tobago, Central African Republic, Jamaica, Peru, Germany, Vietnam (Socialist Republic), Easter Island, Fiji, Tokelau, Hong Kong, United States, Guinea, Chad, Somalia, Sao Tome and Principe, Thailand, Equatorial Guinea, Kiribati, Costa Rica, Middle East, Kuwait, Nigeria, Uruguay, Sri Lanka, Cook Islands, United Kingdom, Switzerland, Spain, Liberia, Venezuela, Burkina Faso, Swaziland, Wallis and Futuna, Niue, South Korea, Austria, Mozambique, El Salvador, Monaco, Guam, Lesotho, Tonga, Juan Fernandez Islands, Hungary, Japan, Europe, Mauritius, Albania, Norfolk Island, New Zealand, Senegal, Ethiopia, Egypt, Sierra Leone, Bolivia, Malta, Saudi Arabia, Cape Verde, Southeast Asia, Pakistan, Gambia, Ireland, Qatar, France, Niger, Rwanda, Bangladesh, Nicaragua, Barbados, Norway, Botswana, Saint Vincent and the Grenadines, Macao, Denmark, Dominican Republic, Mexico, Uganda, Suriname, Saint Helena, Greenland
Time period: 1972-01-01--1976-01-01
This data collection contains information gathered in five annual surveys that assessed the degree of freedom in 218 nations and dependencies from 1972-1976. The study was carried out under the auspices of Freedom House, New York City. The number of cases with data varies from year to year, due to annexation, amalgamation, or the addition of further territories to the roster. The data include assessments of the political and civil rights of the general population (using a seven-point scale, i.e., 1, most freedom, to 7, least freedom), an overall freedom rating for the country (using a three-point scale, i.e, free, partly free, and not free), and the direction in which this rating appeared to be moving. Surveys after 1972 have added variables that indicate whether a change in the evaluation since the previous survey was due to internal events in the country or to new information about existing conditions. Before 1973, only the presence or absence of change is noted. Thereafter, an increase in the number of coding categories enables the direction of the change to be recorded. The 1976 data include four additional variables applicable to 142 cases and provide information about the system of government and the economy of most of the nations studied. The rationale used in assigning the seven categories on the continuum of most to least freedom can be found in Appendix III of the codebook, including which civil and political rights were considered critical in order for a nation to garner each rating.
Curated
Cross-National Data Analysis Learning Package (ICPSR 5701)
Released/updated on: 1992-02-16
Geographic coverage: Benin, Cambodia, Paraguay, Portugal, Syria, North Korea, Greece, Morocco, Iran, Mali, Panama, Guatemala, Iraq, Chile, Laos, Nepal, Argentina, Ghana, India, Canada, Turkey, Belgium, Taiwan, Finland, South Africa, Central African Republic, Peru, Germany, Yemen, Vietnam (Socialist Republic), United States, Guinea, China (Peoples Republic), Chad, Somalia, Madagascar, Ivory Coast, Thailand, Libya, Costa Rica, Sweden, Poland, Jordan, Bulgaria, Tunisia, Uruguay, Sri Lanka, United Kingdom, Switzerland, Spain, Lebanon, Liberia, Cuba, Venezuela, Czech Republic, Burkina Faso, Mauritania, Israel, Australia, Soviet Union, Myanmar, Cameroon, Cyprus, Malaysia, Iceland, Global, Niue, Gabon, South Korea, Austria, Yugoslavia, El Salvador, Luxembourg, Brazil, Algeria, Ecuador, Colombia, Hungary, Japan, Albania, New Zealand, Senegal, Italy, Honduras, Ethiopia, Haiti, Afghanistan, Egypt, Bolivia, Saudi Arabia, Netherlands, Pakistan, Ireland, Slovakia, France, Romania, Togo, Philippines, Nicaragua, Norway, Democratic Republic of Congo, Denmark, Dominican Republic, Mexico, Indonesia
Time period: 1919-01-01--1970-01-01
This study contains cross-sectional data on the economic, political, and population characteristics of 108 independent nations in the period 1961-1970. Also included are limited longitudinal data for 60 nations in the period 1919-1970. The dataset was developed to introduce students to cross-national political data analyses. Economic variables provide information on the gross national product (GNP), government revenues and expenditures, foreign aid, imports and exports per capita, each nation's proportion of world trade, defense and educational expenditures as percentage of the GNP, energy, electric, steel, and cement production and consumption per capita, and the percentage of the workforce in industry and in agriculture. Data on political regimes and systems include the type of regime, effectiveness of the executive and legislative branches, size of the legislature, polyarchy index of democratic performance, press freedom, political and civil rights, number of coups d'etat, major constitutional and cabinet changes, legislative elections, and dates of independence. Population characteristics variables include population density, urbanization index, internal security forces and the size of the military as proportion of the adult population, and infant mortality rate as proportion of live births. Demographic variables include religion, ethnicity, literacy, and languages.
Curated
Cross-National Indicators of Liberal Democracy, 1950-1990 (ICPSR 2532)
Released/updated on: 2001-01-05
Geographic coverage: Global
Time period: 1950-01-01--1990-01-01
This study, a collection of crossnational measures of political democracy, contains over 800 variables for most of the world's independent countries. Political, social, and economic measures are available in the data file, and topics include adult suffrage, civil liberties, political rights, the openness, fairness, and competitiveness of the electoral process, executive and legislative selection and effectiveness, political party legitimacy, political participation, limitations on the executive branch of the government, level of democratization, economic openness, constitutional development, government legitimacy, and the outlook for freedom. A series of variables focuses on freedom and barriers to freedom, including freedom of peaceful assembly and association, mail censorship, women's rights, freedom of information and technology, freedom of political opposition, and freedom of the press. Compulsory membership in state organizations and political parties and compulsory religion in schools are addressed as well.
Curated
Domestic Politics and United States Foreign Policy: A Study of Cold War Conflict Behavior (ICPSR 1289)
Released/updated on: 2003-06-25
Geographic coverage: United States
This study reexamines an empirical claim that is broadly accepted in international relations: during the Cold War, United States foreign policy belligerence was influenced strongly by domestic factors. The authors develop a rational expectations theory that produces hypotheses that are at odds with that result. They test these hypotheses and report findings that are both consistent with their rational expectations theory and inconsistent with the domestic effects hypothesis. They conclude that international politics, rather than domestic politics, was the primary determinant of United States foreign policy behavior during the Cold War.
Curated
Simple Crosstabs
Electoral Performance and Criminal Status of Candidates Contesting the 2004 and 2009 Parliamentary Elections to the Lok Sabha (India) (ICPSR 35512)
Released/updated on: 2015-02-06
Geographic coverage: Global, India
This dataset contains information on the election results for and criminal charges against all candidates contesting elections to the lower house of the Parliament of India, the Lok Sabha, in the 2004 and 2009 elections. These were the first national elections conducted after the 2002 Supreme Court ruling mandating that all candidates running for public office file affidavits with the Election Commission of India prior to the election. In these affidavits, candidates report their criminal histories or pending criminal charges. Only charges for offenses punishable by two or more years of imprisonment, which were lodged more than six months before the candidate filed for candidacy, must be reported. Affidavits were compiled and digitized by the Liberty Institute of India, a New Delhi-based non-government organization, and posted on its website. The investigators compiled election results from the Election Commission of India and criminal status data from the affidavits. The unit of analysis is the individual candidate, and the dataset includes each candidate's name, party affiliation, election year, geographic area (state and parliamentary constituency), election results (votes received, win/loss, and rank among candidates), and whether or not charges were filed against the candidate.
Curated
Eurobarometer 64.2: The European Constitution, Globalization, Energy Resources, and Agricultural Policy, October-November 2005 (ICPSR 4580)
Released/updated on: 2010-06-25
Geographic coverage: Cyprus, Portugal, Global, Malta, Greece, Netherlands, Sweden, Austria, Latvia, Luxembourg, Ireland, Poland, Slovenia, Slovakia, France, Bulgaria, Lithuania, Croatia, Romania, Hungary, Europe, United Kingdom, Spain, Czech Republic, Turkey, Belgium, Finland, Denmark, Italy, Germany, Estonia
Time period: 2005-10-11--2005-11-15
This round of Eurobarometer surveys queried respondents on standard Eurobarometer measures, such as how satisfied they were with their present life, whether they attempted to persuade others close to them to share their views on subjects they held strong opinions about, whether they discussed political matters, what their country's goals should be for the next 10 or 15 years, and how they viewed the need for societal change. Additional questions focused on the respondents' knowledge of and opinions on the European Union (EU), including how well-informed they felt about the EU, what sources of information about the EU they used, whether their country had benefited from being an EU member (or would benefit from being a future member), and the extent of their personal interest in EU matters. Another major focus of the surveys was to ask respondents to express their opinion regarding EU enlargement including whom they would favor to join the EU, and in particular, the possible accession of Turkey. Respondents residing in EU countries were asked to identify fears they may have regarding EU enlargement. All respondents were asked their opinion about the effects of and the EU's role in globalization. The survey also examines world politics by asking respondents about the roles of the United States and the EU, and in general how the EU would compare itself to the United States, Japan, China, and India in several areas. In addition, respondents were asked to identify two most important issues facing their country, and whether the process of decision-making about these issues should be done by their country alone, by the EU, or jointly. The survey also queried respondents about their views on (1) the EU's budget and its allocation of funds to programs, (2) the EU's role in immigration, health care and economics including trade, pensions, and employment, and (3) the EU's development of economic, defense, and security policies, educational programs, and a constitution. Special topics included energy consumption, agricultural policy, and media use. Respondents were asked about their usage of energy, and about how the EU's citizens and government could reduce consumption and utilize alternative resources. They were also asked about EU agricultural policy and how it may benefit farmers, consumers, the environment, and the world market. In addition, respondents were asked questions regarding the types of media they used to obtain news and information about the EU, frequency of news media use, the purpose for Internet use, and their views regarding how frequently the media talks about the EU and how the media presents the EU to citizens. Demographic and other background information includes respondent's age, gender, nationality, marital status, left-right political self-placement, occupation, age at completion of full-time education, household composition, and use of a fixed or a mobile telephone. In addition, country-specific data include size of locality, region of residence (local codes), language of interview (select countries), household income, and a list of television channels, radio stations, and daily newspapers that respondents regularly viewed, listened to, or read during the course of a week.
Curated
Simple Crosstabs
Eurobarometer 72.4: Globalization, Financial and Economic Crisis, Social Change and Values, EU Policies and Decision Making, and Global Challenges, October-November 2009 (ICPSR 30461)
Released/updated on: 2013-03-19
Geographic coverage: Cyprus, Portugal, Global, Malta, Greece, Netherlands, Sweden, Austria, Latvia, Luxembourg, Ireland, Poland, Slovenia, Slovakia, France, Bulgaria, Lithuania, Croatia, Romania, Hungary, Europe, United Kingdom, Spain, Czech Republic, Turkey, Belgium, Finland, Denmark, Italy, Macedonia, Germany, Estonia
Time period: 2009-10-23--2009-11-18
The Eurobarometer series is a unique cross-national and cross-temporal survey program conducted on behalf of the European Commission. These surveys regularly monitor public opinion in the European Union (EU) member countries and consist of standard modules and special topic modules. The standard modules address attitudes towards European unification, institutions and policies, measurements for general socio-political orientations, as well as respondent and household demographics. The special topic modules address such topics as agriculture, education, natural environment and resources, public health, public safety and crime, and science and technology.
This round of Eurobarometer surveys includes the standard modules and covers the following special topics: (1) globalization, (2) the financial and economic crisis, (3) social change and values in the EU, (4) the representation of regional and local public authorities in the EU, (5) competitiveness and decision making in the EU, (6) EU policy priorities, and (7) global challenges. Questions pertain to household financial situation, opinions on performance of the EU economy, national currency and the euro, taxation, unemployment, actions taken by the EU in response to the financial crisis, and attitudes towards globalization. Other questions address country identification, opinions of various EU policies, the economic recovery, important values for the EU and society, global threats, and climate change.
Demographic and other background information includes age, gender, nationality, marital status, occupation, age when stopped full-time education, left-right political self-placement, household composition, ownership of a fixed or mobile telephone, difficulties in paying bills, level in society, and Internet use. In addition, country-specific data includes type and size of locality, region of residence, and language of interview (select countries).
Curated
European Communities Study, 1970 (ICPSR 7260)
Released/updated on: 2002-10-11
Geographic coverage: Netherlands, Great Britain, Belgium, Europe, Italy, France, Germany, Global
A precursor to the Eurobarometer studies, this survey queried respondents of six European countries on some of what would become standard Eurobarometer measures, such as how satisfied respondents were with their present lives. Other questions focused on respondents' knowledge of and opinions on the European Community (EC), including how well-informed they felt about the EC, what sources of information about the EC they used, whether their country had benefited from being an EC member, and the extent of their personal interest in EC matters. Another major focus of the survey was on the respondents' attitudes toward the unification of Europe, probing opinions concerning the economic, political, and administrative aspects of unification. Information was gathered concerning national pride and willingness to replace individual symbols of nationalism with "United States of Europe" symbols. In addition, the study investigated the respondents' attitudes toward world society and politics. The emphasis was on the respondents' opinion of appropriate governmental priorities, both domestic and international. The degree of political participation of the respondents and their trust of foreigners was also ascertained. The data include two constructed indices that were used in analyses conducted by Ronald Inglehart and reported in THE SILENT REVOLUTION: CHANGING VALUES AND POLITICAL STYLES AMONG WESTERN PUBLICS (Princeton, NJ: Princeton University Press, 1977). One of these indices places the respondent along a materialist-postmaterialist values continuum and the other categorizes the respondent's political ideology according to his or her party preference. Demographic data include sex, age, education, occupation, size of town, and region. This study contains data for 1,296 respondents from Belgium, 2,046 from France, 2,014 from Germany, 1,806 from Italy, and 1,405 from the Netherlands in Part 1. Part 2 supplies data for 1,975 respondents from Great Britain. A shorter version of the questionnaire was used in Great Britain.
Curated
Globalization Comparative Panel Dataset, 1975-1995 (ICPSR 4172)
Released/updated on: 2005-05-23
Geographic coverage: South America, Asia, Europe, Africa, Australia, North America, Global
Time period: 1975-01-01--1995-01-01
The major purpose of this study was to compile panel/ comparative multiple indicators of globalization across a large number of countries. The primary investigators attempted to measure empirically the concept of globalization. These data offer temporal and international coverage, a theory-driven classification of globalization indicators, and standardizations of these indicators. Using large samples of the world's countries for mid-decade years in the 1970s, 1980s, and 1990s, these data amass three interrelated dimensions and their corresponding measures of globalization, i.e., economic, cultural, and political. Measures of political globalization included each nation's participation in international treaties, intergovernmental organizations, and international non-governmental organizations, as well as each nation's total number of embassies, sent and received. The economic measures examined each nation's inflow of foreign direct investment, the balance of international income credit and debit payments, the balance of international services income credit and debit payments, and the balance of international imports and exports. The cultural measures compiled each nation's migration stock, the import of foreign newspapers and periodicals, the import of foreign books, and the amount of international mail received and dispatched. Descriptive characteristics collected included each country's United Nations Country Code, year of independence and dissolution, total population, and gross domestic product (GDP). Part 1 of this collection consists of a large sample of the world's nation-states. Part 2 is a subset of Part 1 which contains only those countries in the sample that had populations of at least one million people in 1995.
Curated
Global Views 2008: American Public Opinion and Foreign Policy (ICPSR 26301)
Released/updated on: 2010-04-12
Geographic coverage: United States
This study is part of a quadrennial series designed to investigate the opinions and attitudes of the general public on matters related to foreign policy, and to define the parameters of public opinion within which decision-makers must operate. This public opinion study of the United States focused on respondents' opinions of the United States leadership role in the world and the challenges the country faces internationally and is comprised of two parts, the July 2008 and the September 2008 surveys. In particular, the July 2008 survey covers United States foreign policy, globalization, trade and immigration, the rise of China, and the United States-Japan relationship. Regarding United States foreign policy, respondents were asked to give their views on whether the United States should take an active part in world affairs, threats to vital interests in the next ten years, foreign policy goals, treaties and agreements, the United Nations and the United Nations Security Council, conflict between Christians and Muslims, and combating terrorism. Additional questions included whether respondents favored the United States having military bases in other countries, their opinions about justifications for the use of United States troops abroad, the Iraq War, nuclear weapons and nuclear fuel, and participants' views on several countries and world organizations. Regarding globalization, trade, and immigration, respondents gave their opinions on whether globalization is good or bad for the United States, lowering trade barriers, the trade practices of various countries, the North American Free Trade Agreement (NAFTA), economic competitiveness of the United States economy, and the future of United States power and the next generation of Americans. In addition, on the topic of globalization and immigration, queries included the importance of Asia and Europe, the pace of globalization, fairness of income distribution, foreign investments in American companies, the level of legal immigration into the United States and whether or not immigration is good. Concerning the rise of China, respondents were asked to compare the size and potential of the United States and China economies and their implications, loans between the countries, how to deal with China's increase in power, and whether China or Japan is more important to the United States. On the subject of the United States-Japan relationship, participants gave their opinions regarding the amending of Japan's constitution to allow for a wider range of military activities, Japan's development of nuclear weapons, and what factors contribute to Japan's global influence. Part 2, the September 2008 survey, commissioned to gauge whether any substantial changes in attitudes occurred due to the financial crisis, repeated a subset of questions from the July 2008 survey and focused on respondents' attitudes toward trade and globalization. Demographic and other background information includes age, race, gender, marital status, religious affiliation, political party affiliation, employment status, education, household composition, type of housing, state of residence, and access to the Internet.
Curated
Global Views 2010: American Public Opinion and Foreign Policy (ICPSR 31022)
Released/updated on: 2011-12-06
Geographic coverage: United States
Time period: 2010-06-11--2010-06-22
This study is part of a quadrennial series designed to investigate the opinions and attitudes of the general public on matters related to foreign policy, and to define the parameters of public opinion within which decision-makers must operate. This public opinion study of the United States focused on respondents' opinions of the United States' leadership role in the world and the challenges the country faces domestically and internationally. The survey covered the following international topics: relations with other countries, role in foreign affairs, possible threats to vital interests in the next ten years, foreign policy goals, benefits or drawbacks of globalization, situations that might justify the use of United States troops in other parts of the world, the number and location of United States military bases overseas, respondent feelings toward people of other countries, opinions on the influence of other countries in the world and how much influence those countries should have, whether there should be a global regulating body to prevent economic instability, international trade, United States participation in potential treaties, the United States' role in the United Nations and NATO, respondent opinions on international institutions and regulating bodies such as the United Nations, World Trade Organization, and the World Health Organization, whether the United States will continue to be the world's leading power in the next 50 years, democracy in the Middle East and South Korea, the role of the United Nations Security Council, which side the United States should take in the Israeli-Palestinian conflict, what measures should be taken to deal with Iran's nuclear program, the military effort in Afghanistan, opinions on efforts to combat terrorism and the use of torture to extract information from prisoners, whether the respondent favors or opposes the government selling military equipment to other nations and using nuclear weapons in various circumstances, the economic development of China, and the conflict between North and South Korea. Domestic issues included economic prospects for American children when they become adults, funding for government programs, the fairness of the current distribution of income in the United States, the role of government, whether the government can be trusted to do what is right, climate change, greenhouse gas emissions, United States' dependence on foreign energy sources, drilling for oil and natural gas off the coast of the United States, and relations with Mexico including such issues as the ongoing drug war, as well as immigration and immigration reform. Demographic and other background information included age, gender, race/ethnicity, marital status, left-right political self-placement, political affiliation, employment status, highest level of education, and religious preference. Also included are household size and composition, whether the respondent is head of household, household income, housing type, ownership status of living quarters, household Internet access, Metropolitan Statistical Area (MSA) status, and region and state of residence.
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Great Power Wars, 1495-1815 (ICPSR 9955)
Released/updated on: 1994-05-20
Geographic coverage: Global
Time period: 1495-01-01--1815-01-01
This study identifies "great power" wars, i.e., major-minor wars, or those involving at least one great power on each side. In order to exclude protracted conflicts with low levels of fighting, an annual average of 1,000 battle deaths was required for inclusion in this collection. Great powers are defined as countries or states that play a major role in international politics with respect to security-related issues. Such powers must have a high level of military capability relative to other states and be able to project military power beyond their borders with the option of using force, or the threat of force, to help shape their external environment. They play a large role in international organizations and politics and are perceived as great powers by other members of the international community. Variables in this collection include the duration of each war, its severity in terms of the number of battle-connected deaths, the extent of the war (defined as the number of great powers participating in the fighting), magnitude of the war (combining extent and duration indicators), and the concentration of war (the ratio of severity to magnitude).
Curated
Initiation of Militarized Disputes Among Great Power Rivals, 1816-1975 (ICPSR 6356)
Released/updated on: 2006-01-12
Geographic coverage: Global
Time period: 1816-01-01--1975-01-01
The purpose of this study was to investigate the relationship between system structure and the initiation of militarized disputes among "Great Power" rivals from 1816 to 1975. The Great Powers during this time period are identified as Great Britain, France, Russia/Soviet Union, Austria-Hungary, Prussia/Germany, Italy, the United States, Japan, and China. In a Great Power rivalry, there are periodic military and diplomatic challenges to the status quo disputed by one or both of the powers. The central hypothesis of this study concerns the interaction between system uncertainty and the risk propensity of national decision-makers. Variables measure dispute initiation, system uncertainty, risk propensity, balance of military capabilities, arms races, preventive motive, power transition, rival's possession of second-strike nuclear capability, rival's past behavior, and current dispute involvement of challenger and rival. Risk attitudes are measured using Kahneman and Tversky Prospect Theory findings. Part 2, Initiation Variables Data, contains the complete set of variables, and Part 1, Initiation Final Equation Data, is a subset of Part 2.
Curated
International Conflict Episodes, 1945-1979 (ICPSR 8303)
Released/updated on: 2006-01-18
Geographic coverage: Global
Time period: 1945-01-01--1979-01-01
The dynamics of international conflict events are outlined in this collection, with a focus on sequences of events and the roles played by conflict management agents. Each conflict episode is divided into a number of phases--each designating a level of conflict--with a separate record for each phase of each case. The possible levels of conflict range from a quarrel or disagreement claimed by one party to be of international significance (phase 1: dispute) to military action (phase 3: hostilities) to a resolution of the conflict (phase 6: settlement). Also emphasized are referrals by conflict actors, i.e., initiatives to bring a case to the attention of a potential conflict manager. The collection is divided into five datasets: (1) a case overview, providing for each case such data as the number of phases and referrals, the presence of management agents, and probable outcome had there been no manager, (2) phase-specific information, including for each phase data on dates, interests at stake, actions taken, alliances, and extent of damages, (3) referral data, including agents involved and support for or opposition to each initiative, (4) data on conflict management agents, detailing the identity, degree of bias, and primary role of each agent, and (5) management agent actions, listing the types of action taken by each agent.
Curated
International Politics and International Science: A Study of Scientists' Attitudes, 1967 (ICPSR 5519)
Released/updated on: 1992-02-16
This study contains data from interviews with 384 scientists in the summer of 1967 on their attitudes, perceptions, opinions, and views on a range of scientific issues, as well as biographical and professional background information. Respondents were asked questions about working in an international laboratory, political issues on which the majority of scientists and engineers shared a common outlook, their nations' adoption of a unilateral nuclear disarmament position, the detente between the West and the European Communist countries, the proposed non-proliferation treaty, and the effects of international perspectives on issues and on their nations. Also elicited were respondents' views on a world government and the possible transformation of the United Nations (UN) into a world government, the possession of thermonuclear weapons by respondents' nations and by a future European military force, nuclear arms limitations, space exploration, and the chances for the United States or the Soviet Union to be the first to reach the moon. Demographic variables include respondents' place of birth, sex, nationality, marital status, occupation, education, international travels, languages spoken, and patterns of electoral participation in their nations.
Curated
International Subsystems, 1649-1963 (ICPSR 5011)
Released/updated on: 1992-02-16
Geographic coverage: Global
Time period: 1649-01-01--1963-01-01
This study of the structure of the international system and its consequences for national war behavior is composed of three distinct types of data: Member Characteristic Data, Subsystem Data, and War Data, consisting of Richardson's Deadly Quarrel Data, Wright's War Data, Singer and Small's War Data, and Sorokins' Disturbance Data. In the Member Characteristic Data, each member of each subsystem is the unit of observation and the national characteristics of each member are reported. In the Subsystem Data, 21 subsystems constitute the unit of observation, with variables recording the number of members, wars, alliances, and polarity of each subsystem. The War Data report the war behavior of each of the 21 subsystems, with one record for each war as reported in the four major studies of war from which they were compiled.
Curated
Lijphart Elections Archive (LEA) (ICPSR 118)
Released/updated on: 2006-03-31
Geographic coverage: Central America, Asia, Africa, North America, Latin America
Housed at the University of California, San Diego, the Lijphart Elections Archive (LEA) is a research collection of district-level election results for approximately 350 national legislative elections in dozens of countries, including Argentina, Australia, Austria, Bangladesh, Belgium, Belize, Bolivia, Bosnia, Brazil, Bulgaria, Canada, Chile, Colombia, Costa Rica, Cyprus, the Czech Republic, Denmark, the Dominican Republic, Ecuador, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, India, Ireland, Israel, Italy, Jamaica, Japan, Liechtenstein, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Mexico, the Netherlands, New Zealand, Nicaragua, Norway, Peru, Poland, Portugal, Romania, Russia, Slovakia, Slovenia, South Africa, Spain, Sri Lanka, St. Vincent and the Grenadines, Sweden, Switzerland, Taiwan, Thailand, Trinidad and Tobago, Turkey, the United Kingdom, the United States, Uruguay, and Venezuela. The LEA Web site contains a catalog of holdings of both print and online data as well as access to data when it can be freely disseminated. The LEA attempts to collect election results down to the level of the individual election districts in which votes are converted into seats. The original scope of the Archive was to collect national election results in hard copy format for the lower or only house of the legislature and for any directly elected upper house in the 27 older democracies (i.e., the West European democracies, plus the United States, Canada, Costa Rica, India, Israel, Japan, Australia, and New Zealand) from 1945 on. The scope is now being expanded in several directions: more countries, a longer time span, sub-national as well as national elections, and, in particular, data in machine-readable format. The LEA Web site also contains Web links to many of the countries' constitutions and detailed descriptions of their electoral systems.
Curated
Media Content Analysis Study, 1974 (ICPSR 7586)
Released/updated on: 1992-02-16
Geographic coverage: United States
This data collection contains an analysis of the contents of 96 of the daily newspapers read by nationally sampled respondents in AMERICAN NATIONAL ELECTION STUDY, 1974 (ICPSR 7355), conducted by the Center for Political Studies at the University of Michigan. Articles or graphics on the front and/or editorial pages of newspapers appearing on ten sampled dates before and immediately after the November 1974 congressional election were coded for this study. There are 8,768 cases of front page data and 9,504 cases of editorial page data. Each case is coded with a unit of analysis that could be any combination of story text, headline, sub-headline, label, photograph, and drawing or cartoon. Information collected about each case includes specific newspaper, date, page, type of story or photo, and source of item. In terms of content, both a first and a second problem are identified (specific problems are classified in several major categories, e.g., social welfare, agricultural, natural resources, labor union/management, racial, public order, economic and business, consumer protection, foreign affairs, national defense, government function, and Watergate) along with corresponding descriptive information in both their first and second mentions. Examples of such content description are level of problem (e.g., international with no United States connection explicit, international with United States connection explicit, national, state, and local), person or actor dimension (e.g., President Ford, specific political parties, Democratic and Republican Senate candidates, specific areas of government, specific government agencies and groups, and voters or taxpayers in general), position of person or actor, agreement or disagreement between persons or actors, the first and second mention of criticism or praise dimension, and object of criticism or praise. Additional data collected for this content analysis include keywords (referring to a major news event), proposal method (references to any proposed or enacted method, program, or policy to deal with governmental, political, or social problems in the United States), editorial endorsement of a candidate by the newspaper (coded in categories such as experience, leadership ability, personal qualities, party connection, government management, government philosophy, and domestic and foreign policies), references to Democratic and Republican senatorial races, and references to these specific events: the textbook struggle in West Virginia, busing in Boston, cattle killing, Nixon's resignation, Nixon's pardon, Nixon's illness, the mastectomies, Watergate trial, Kissinger's Moscow trip, United Nations World Food Conference, Arab and PLO summit conference, Rockefeller nomination, coal strike, and Patty Hearst.
Curated
Nations, Development, and Democracy, 1800-2005 (ICPSR 20440)
Released/updated on: 2007-12-13
Geographic coverage: Global
Time period: 1800-01-01--2005-01-01
To serve the scholarly community's growing interest in the process of democratization in the world over the past 200 years, this data collection consists of a compiled database that assesses 187 (20 historical and 167 contemporary) sovereign countries from 1800-2005. The database was constructed by merging variables derived from these existing datasets: (1) POLITY III: REGIME TYPE AND POLITICAL AUTHORITY 1800-1994 (Jagger and Gurr 1995) [ICPSR 6695], (2) CROSS-NATIONAL TIME SERIES, 1815-1973 (Banks 1993) [ICPSR 7412], (3) Polity IV (Jagger and Gurr 2005), (4) Political Freedom Indicators (Freedom House 2000), (5) World Development Indicators 1960-1998 (World Bank 1999), and (6) World Development Indicators 1960-2005 (World Bank 2006). In addition, missing variables were coded from the Statesman's Yearbook (2000), the World Handbook of Political and Social Indicators (Taylor and Jodice 1983), Encyclopedia of the United Nations and International Relations (Osmanczyk 1982), and the journal, "Freedom Review," published by Freedom House. A sovereign country was defined as an independent member of the international system, which had a population greater than 500,000. In the database, for each sovereign country there are over 120 indicators, annually recorded, that represent: (1) the level of democratic growth, (2) the countries' development depicted by socioeconomic, demographic, and geographical characteristics, and (3) diffusion indicators. In addition, to add precision to the measurement, modifications of the core indicators were also recorded. The database is complimented by an index of variables.
Curated
Operational Code Belief System of President Nasser of Egypt, 1952-1970 (ICPSR 7764)
Released/updated on: 1992-02-16
Geographic coverage: Egypt, Global
Time period: 1952-01-01--1970-01-01
This study includes data derived from a content analysis of all publicly available verbal articulations by Egypt's President Nasser made between 1952 and 1970. The 768 documents examined include speeches, books, articles, minutes from open and closed meetings, memoirs, and private conversations. Each document was analyzed by paragraph. Approximately 3,838 paragraphs thus constitute the units of observation in the data. Over half of the 67 variables are devoted to evidence of Nasser's knowledge, sources of knowledge, goals, and philosophical beliefs (e.g., the nature of the political universe, sources of conflict, and the conditions needed for peace). The rest of the variables include characteristics of the document under analysis, type of audience Nasser was addressing, characteristics of adversaries, and domestic and foreign policy issue areas (e.g., military, security, political, economic, and cultural) discussed in the analyzed sources.
Curated
Political Use of the United States Armed Forces, 1946-1976 (ICPSR 7595)
Released/updated on: 1992-02-16
Geographic coverage: United States
Time period: 1946-01-01--1976-01-01
The data in this collection were generated in 1976 as part of a Brookings Institution project studying the use of the United States Armed Forces as a political instrument. By the study's definition, political use of the armed forces occurs when physical actions are taken by one or more components of the uniformed military services as part of a deliberate attempt by the national authorities to influence, or to be prepared to influence, specific behavior of individuals in another nation without engaging in a contest of violence. The study yielded 226 such cases between January 1, 1946, and December 31, 1976. The data can be grouped into seven categories: dates of the events, contextual characteristics of events, types and sizes of United States Armed Forces involved, movement and readiness of forces, activities of forces, non-United States actors involved, and United States public approval of the president within two months of the event.
Curated
Post-United States Elections Survey: A Survey of Public Opinion in France, Germany, and the United States, 2004 (ICPSR 4565)
Released/updated on: 2006-12-05
Geographic coverage: United States, France, Germany, Global
This study sought to identify the attitudes of the public in the United States, France, and Germany after the re-election of President George W. Bush in the United States 2004 presidential election. Respondents were asked questions focusing on the criticisms of foreign policy in the United States, European criticisms of President Bush and American foreign policy, and the handling of international policies by United Nations Secretary General Kofi Annan, French President, Jacques Chirac, German Chancellor Gerhard Schroeder, and President Bush. Additional questions were asked on the importance of strong leadership, military organization in Europe and the United States, the North Atlantic Treaty Organization (NATO), the Arab-Israeli conflict, the war in Iraq, the possibility of nuclear weapons in Iran, and how to improve and strengthen relations between the United States and France, Germany, and Europe. Demographic variables include race, Hispanic origin, gender, age, level of education, occupation, and religious and political affiliation.
Curated
Public Opinion and the War in Vietnam Study, 1966 (ICPSR 7295)
Released/updated on: 1992-02-16
Geographic coverage: United States
This study, conducted by the National Opinion Research Center, surveyed a cross-section of the adult population in the United States to elicit opinions about the involvement of the United States in Vietnam. Questions covered problems in the news, the respondents' vote in 1964, the number of years, if any, served in the Armed Forces, their knowledge of the Vietnam War, and their opinions on what the government should do in Vietnam. Demographic data include age, sex, race, number of children, education, occupation, family income, perceived social class, service in the military, and religious preference.
Curated
Refugee or Internally Displaced Person? (ICPSR 1319)
Released/updated on: 2005-07-22
Geographic coverage: Global
The literature on the decision to abandon one's home in the face of violence is dominated by scholarship that implicitly assumes that forced migrants had no choice but to leave. Yet a spate of recent studies adopts a general rational choice framework that identifies new questions and challenges some conventional wisdom. This study builds on that work and breaks new ground by investigating the circumstances that lead some countries to produce a large number of refugees and relatively few internally displaced persons (IDPs) as opposed to a large number of IDPs and relatively few refugees. The investigators present the hypothesis that refugee flows are greater in the face of state (sponsored) genocide/politicide than they are in response to other state coercion, dissident campaigns of violence, or civil wars. It is argued that countries surrounded by poor, authoritarian regimes will produce fewer refugees (relative to IDPs) than those surrounded by wealthy, democratic neighbors. A sample selection model is employed to conduct statistical analyses using data on a global sample of countries for the period 1976-1995.
Curated
Roper Center for Public Opinion Research (ICPSR 167)
Released/updated on: 2006-04-04
Geographic coverage: United States, Japan, Europe, Global, Latin America
Founded in 1947, the Roper Center for Public Opinion Research is a leading educational facility in the field of public opinion. Housed at the University of Connecticut, the Roper Center offers its subscribers online access to its computer-based library of survey research and public opinion data. Along with iPOLL (a comprehensive source for United States public opinion data), the archive includes survey data collections covering such topical areas as: elections, presidential approval ratings, social and political trends, and Japanese and European world views. Descriptions of all of the Center's archived datasets are available online, and codebooks are available to download without subscribing. The site also offers a bibliographic database of citations for works based in part on Roper Center data resources and collections.
Curated
SHERFACS: A Cross-Paradigm, Hierarchical, and Contextually-Sensitive International Conflict Dataset, 1937-1985 (ICPSR 2292)
Released/updated on: 2006-01-18
Geographic coverage: Global
Time period: 1937-01-01--1985-01-01
The SHERFACS data collection measures political conflict from 1937 through 1985 and identifies some 700 international disputes and 1,000 domestic quarrels. SHERFACS is the culmination of a long line of quantitative studies of international conflict management (the name SHERFACS derives from the name of the principal investigator, Sherman, and the initials of the collaborators on a predecessor dataset: Farris, Alker, Carley, and Sherman). Beginning with the work of Ernst Haas, efforts have been made to expand the focus of conflict management studies to a larger set of management agents and issues. SHERFACS has expanded the study of conflict management in highly significant ways: it models the internal conflict dynamics of escalation and de-escalation (Part 1, Case Overview Data, and Part 2, Phase Structure Data), identifies specific categories of actor behavior (Part 3, Party Actions Within Phases Data), relates the referral or agenda processes of conflict management agents (Part 4, Referrals to Management Agents Data), and specifies the actions taken by the management agents (Part 5, Management Agent Actions Data). An important addition is the inclusion of conflicts that have been considered to be essentially domestic in origin. SHERFACS provides an attempt to enfold the micro-measurement of traditional events datasets within a framework that is contextually sensitive to narrative presentation. The SHERFACS project updates and expands an earlier data collection effort, INTERNATIONAL CONFLICT EPISODES, 1945-1979 (ICPSR 8303).
Curated
Survey of Consumer Attitudes and Behavior, Fall 1953: Purchase Decisions (ICPSR 3634)
Released/updated on: 1992-02-16
Geographic coverage: United States
This survey was undertaken to assess consumer
sentiment and buying plans, as well as purchase decisions
for durable household goods. Open-ended questions were
asked concerning evaluations and expectations about
personal finances, employment, recession, price changes,
the world political situation, and the national business
situation. Additional variables probe respondents' buying
intentions for a house, automobiles, appliances, and other
consumer durables, and the respondents' appraisals of
present market conditions for purchasing houses and other
durables. Other questions were asked about respondents'
assessments of their financial status relative to the previous
year and in the immediate future, and their political party
identification. Demographic variables provide information on
age, sex, race, marital status, education, family income, and
employment.
Curated
Survey of Consumer Attitudes and Behavior, Spring 1957 (ICPSR 3602)
Released/updated on: 2005-12-15
Geographic coverage: United States
This survey was undertaken to assess consumer sentiment and buying plans, as well as travel patterns, use of telephones, attitudes toward various forms of savings, and knowledge of changes in interest rates. Open-ended questions were asked concerning evaluations and expectations about price changes, employment, recession, and the national business and financial situation, as well as the effect of the world political situation on the national business situation. Variables on telephone use provide information on the number of phones in the household, frequency of calls, and arrangements made for phone use if the respondents had no phone. Variables on travels provide information on the number of business and non-business trips made by air, rail, bus, and car, distance of the trip, length of stay, and the advantages and disadvantages of the particular mode of travel. Other variables probe respondents' buying intentions for a house, automobiles, appliances, and other consumer durables, as well as their appraisals of present market conditions for purchasing these items. Additional variables provide information on respondents' perception of their financial well-being and their opinions of future financial prospects. Demographic items specify age, sex, race, marital status, education, occupation, income, home ownership, and length of stay in the community.
Curated
Survey of Consumer Attitudes and Behavior, Spring 1962 (ICPSR 3637)
Released/updated on: 2009-06-26
Geographic coverage: United States
This survey was undertaken to assess consumer sentiment and buying plans, as well as the effect of attitudes toward expected Social Security benefits, old age insurance, and private pension plans on present economic behavior and planning, and attitudes toward West Germany, family planning, and different modes of travel. Open-ended questions were asked concerning evaluations and expectations about price changes, employment, recession, and the national business situation, as well as the effect of the world political situation on the national business situation. Other variables probe respondents' buying intentions for a house, automobiles, appliances, and other consumer durables, as well as their appraisals of present market conditions for purchasing these items. Additional variables probe respondents' attitudes toward foreign-made goods, as well as their assessment of their financial status relative to the previous year. Information is also provided on respondents' political party identification and neighborhood characteristics. Demographic variables provide information on age, race, sex, religion, education, marital status, occupation, family size, and family income.
Curated
United Nations Roll Call Data, 1946-1985 (ICPSR 5512)
Released/updated on: 1992-02-16
Geographic coverage: Global
Time period: 1946-01-01--1985-01-01
This collection consists of roll calls voted upon in the United Nations. It includes votes of the General Assembly, five additional special sessions and selected committees. It is a composite of political debate and world opinion of the post-1945 international community. The collection provides for the analysis over time of world opinion on issues and concerns raised by members of the international community, while also allowing for the study of the dynamics through which alliances and factions are formed within and between nations of the world.
Curated
U.S. and U.S.S.R. Crises, 1946-1976 (ICPSR 7702)
Released/updated on: 2006-01-18
Geographic coverage: United States, Global, Soviet Union
This data collection contains three files of United States and Soviet crises data that focus on behavior and policy responses that took place after international crises occurring in 1946-1976. The dataset contains one file of crises that were considered to be of concern to the Soviet Union, 1946-1975 (Part 1), and two files of crises data that were of concern to the United States, 1946-1976 (Parts 2 and 3). The data in Part 1 encompass 386 crises, including a subset of 101 crises (1956-1975) chosen for intensive coding. Variables include 29 general characteristics coded for the 386 crises. The subset crises were selected because of their relation to the Soviet policy process and are associated with variables for 43 Soviet management problems, 59 Soviet objectives, and 64 Soviet actions. Part 2 contains 307 crises coded into 21 crises characteristics. Part 3 contains a subset of 101 crises chosen for intensive coding from the 307 crises in Part 2. The 101 crises are associated with variables for 79 United States management problems, 48 United States objectives, and 57 United States actions. The variables for all three parts of the data collection were designed to answer questions concerning the crisis event (who, when, how did it turn out), Soviet or United States actions (what), objectives (why), and problems (what went wrong). Differences between United States and Soviet crises concerns and behavior rendered many variables drawn from research on the United States inapplicable to the Soviet research. Therefore, not all specific variables in the United States data collection are contained in the data collection for the Soviet Union and vice versa.
Curated
World Event/Interaction Survey (WEIS) Project, 1966-1978 (ICPSR 5211)
Released/updated on: 2006-01-18
Geographic coverage: Cyprus, Cambodia, United States, China (Peoples Republic), Malaysia, Global, North Korea, Middle East, South Korea, Southeast Asia, Pakistan, Czechoslovakia, France, Nigeria, Europe, Berlin, Africa, West Indies, India, Asia, Dominican Republic, Zimbabwe, Germany, Soviet Union, Indonesia, Yemen, Vietnam (Socialist Republic)
Time period: 1966-01-01--1978-12-01
The WEIS Project dataset is a record of the flow of action and response between countries (as well as non-governmental actors, e.g., NATO) reflected in public events reported daily in the New York Times from January 1966 through December 1978. The WEIS Project began under the direction of Charles McClelland at the University of Southern California as a research project on international system characteristics and processes. The unit of analysis in the dataset is the event/interaction, referring to words and deeds communicated between nations, such as threats of military force. Each event/interaction is a daily report of an international event. There are 98,043 events included in this dataset. Coded for each event are the actor, target, date, action category, and arena. Also provided are brief textual descriptions for each event.
Curated
World Handbook of Political and Social Indicators II, 1948-1967: Annual Event Data (ICPSR 5028)
Released/updated on: 1992-02-16
Geographic coverage: Asia, Europe, Africa, North America, Global, Latin America
This dataset contains information on eighteen types of political events aggregated by year to the nation level for years 1948-1967. The events included are riots, deaths from political violence, political assassinations, armed attacks, elections, protest demonstrations, regime support demonstrations, political strikes, renewals of power, unsuccessful executive transfers, unsuccessful irregular transfers, irregular power transfers, executive adjustments, regular executive transfers, executions, acts of negative sanctions, acts of relaxation of political restrictions, and external interventions. Sources are THE NEW YORK TIMES and the Associated Press. Data were collected by the World Data Analysis Program at Yale University.
Curated
World Handbook of Political and Social Indicators II, 1948-1967: Daily Event Data (ICPSR 5215)
Released/updated on: 1992-02-16
Geographic coverage: Asia, Europe, Africa, North America, Global, Latin America
This dataset contains information for 57,268 daily occurrences of seventeen types of political events: riots, deaths from political violence, political assassinations, armed attacks, elections, protest demonstrations, regime support demonstrations, political strikes, renewals of power, unsuccessful executive transfers, unsuccessful irregular transfers, irregular power transfers, executive adjustments, regular executive transfers, executions, acts of negative sanctions, and acts of relaxation of political restrictions. The data are recorded at daily intervals for each event group for each country during the twenty-year period 1948-1967. For example, two riots in a country on the same day appear as one record or case, but one riot and one election in a country on the same day appear as two separate records. Seven sources were used including THE NEW YORK TIMES INDEX and the Associated Press.
Curated
World Handbook of Political and Social Indicators II, 1948-1967: Intervention Data (ICPSR 5306)
Released/updated on: 1992-02-16
Geographic coverage: Asia, Europe, Africa, North America, Global, Latin America
This data set contains data for interventions recorded at daily intervals during the twenty-year period 1948-1967. The daily report is the unit of analysis. There are 1,073 records, one for each day on which an intervention occurred in a country. The number of records per country varies. If, for example, a country had no action meeting the criteria for inclusion as an intervention, no record is given for that day for that country. Those countries not involved in an intervention were excluded. Data are recorded for 89 of the 136 nations in the World Handbook Aggregate Data file and two international organizations. Some of the 31 variables included are the number of interveners, type of group involved, air and naval incursions, and length of intervener's presence in the country. The data sources are THE NEW YORK TIMES INDEX, ASSOCIATED PRESS, ASIAN RECORDER, AFRICAN RESEARCH BULLETIN, MIDDLE EAST JOURNAL, and AFRICAN DIARY.