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Work in America Survey, [United States], 2022-2024 (ICPSR 39280)

Released/updated on: 2026-01-05

Geographic coverage: United States

Time period: 2022-01-01--2024-12-31

The Work in America survey was commissioned by the American Psychological Association and conducted online in the United States by The Harris Poll. The survey questions measure psychological safety, positive experiences, negative workplace outcomes, self-measures of performance and productivity, and workplace practices, policies, and programs.

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Examining the Role of Physiological and Psychological Responses to Critical Incidents in Prisons in the Development of Mental Health Problems among Correctional Officers, Minnesota, 2018-2020 (ICPSR 38803)

Released/updated on: 2024-12-10

Geographic coverage: United States, Minnesota

Time period: 2018-01-01--2020-12-31

This study sought to better understand the long-term implications of critical incident exposure on mental health outcomes among correctional officers. To accomplish this objective, the research team compiled a longitudinal dataset comprised of three types of assessments. First, to assess mental health outcomes as well as subjective appraisals of psychological stress, the researchers surveyed correctional officers at three waves of data collection, spaced approximately six months apart. These surveys included questions related to demographics, work assignments, perceptions of workplace danger, work-family conflict, social support, and work-related psychological stress. In addition, the wave 1 and wave 3 surveys included items from psychometrically validated measures of mental health problems--posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD), depression, and anxiety. Second, to assess changes in physiological stress over the study period, the research team collected salivary biomarkers Cortisol and Alpha-Amylase during each wave of data collection. Third, the researchers compiled objective indicators of critical incident exposure (e.g. disciplinary data and detailed incident reports) rather than relying on subjective assessments. The compiled dataset allowed for not only the direct association between critical incident exposure and mental health problems, but also indirect pathways that included psychological stress and physiological stress. The resulting dataset consists of 488 officers employed at three correctional institutions across Minnesota.

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Community Reporting Thresholds: Sharing Information with Authorities Concerning Terrorism and Targeted Violence, California and Illinois, 2021 (ICPSR 38318)

Released/updated on: 2022-07-14

Geographic coverage: United States, Illinois, California

Time period: 2021-01-01--2021-12-31

Parents, siblings, partners, and friends are often the first people to suspect a loved one is on the trajectory towards targeted violence or terrorism. These intimate bystanders are well positioned to facilitate prevention efforts if there are known and trusted reporting pathways to law enforcement or other resources. Little is known in the United States about the reporting processes for intimate bystanders to targeted violence or terrorism. This study is built on previous Australian and United Kingdom studies to understand the processes of intimate bystanders in the United States, in order to inform new, localized and contextually-sensitive understandings of and approaches to community reporting issues.

Qualitative-quantitative interviews were conducted from March 2021 to July 2021 virtually over Zoom with 123 community members living in California and Illinois. The researchers describe their perspectives on barriers, facilitators, and pathways. The study sought to enhance prior studies with a larger and more demographically-diverse sample. It included a focus on ISIS/Al-Qa'eda-inspired foreign-terrorism, White Power movement-inspired domestic terrorism, and--of particular relevance to the US---non-ideologically motivated targeted, workplace violence.

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General Social Survey, 1972-2014 [Cumulative File] (ICPSR 36319)

Released/updated on: 2016-03-14

Geographic coverage: United States

Time period: 1972-01-01--2014-12-31

Since 1972, the General Social Survey (GSS) has been monitoring societal change and studying the growing complexity of American society. The GSS aims to gather data on contemporary American society in order to monitor and explain trends and constants in attitudes, behaviors, and attributes; to examine the structure and functioning of society in general as well as the role played by relevant subgroups; to compare the United States to other societies in order to place American society in comparative perspective and develop cross-national models of human society; and to make high-quality data easily accessible to scholars, students, policy makers, and others, with minimal cost and waiting. GSS questions include such items as national spending priorities, marijuana use, crime and punishment, race relations, quality of life, and confidence in institutions. Since 1988, the GSS has also collected data on sexual behavior including number of sex partners, frequency of intercourse, extramarital relationships, and sex with prostitutes. The 2014 GSS has modules on quality of working life, shared capitalism, wealth, work and family balance, social identity, social isolation, and civic participation. In 1985 the GSS co-founded the International Social Survey Program (ISSP). The ISSP has conducted an annual cross-national survey each year since then and has involved 58 countries and interviewed over one million respondents. The ISSP asks an identical battery of questions in all countries; the U.S. version of these questions is incorporated into the GSS. The 2014 ISSP topics are National Identity and Citizenship. Demographic variables include age, gender, race, ethnicity, education, marital status, religion, employment status, income, household structure, and whether respondents were born in the United States.

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National Crime Victimization Survey: Workplace Risk Supplement, 2002 (ICPSR 30581)

Released/updated on: 2014-04-16

Geographic coverage: United States

Time period: 2002-01-01--2002-12-31

The primary purpose of the Workplace Risk Supplement (WRS) is to obtain accurate information regarding the incidence of violence in the workplace so that legislators and policymakers, as well as academic researchers, practitioners at the Federal, state and local levels, and special interest groups who are concerned with workplace violence, can obtain a better understanding of the risk factors associated with workplace violence.

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General Social Survey, 1972-2012 [Cumulative File] (ICPSR 34802)

Released/updated on: 2013-09-11

Geographic coverage: United States

Time period: 1972-01-01--2012-12-31

The General Social Surveys (GSS) were designed as part of a data diffusion project in 1972. The GSS replicated questionnaire items and wording in order to facilitate time-trend studies. The latest survey, GSS 2012, includes a cumulative file that merges all 29 General Social Surveys into a single file containing data from 1972 to 2012. The items appearing in the surveys are one of three types: Permanent questions that occur on each survey, rotating questions that appear on two out of every three surveys (1973, 1974, and 1976, or 1973, 1975, and 1976), and a few occasional questions such as split ballot experiments that occur in a single survey. The 2012 surveys included seven topic modules: Jewish identity, generosity, workplace violence, science, skin tone, and modules for experimental and miscellaneous questions. The International Social Survey Program (ISSP) module included in the 2012 survey was gender. The data also contain several variables describing the demographic characteristics of the respondents.

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Prejudice and Violence in the American Workplace, 1988-1991: Survey of an Eastern Corporation (ICPSR 6135)

Released/updated on: 2005-11-04

Geographic coverage: United States

Time period: 1988-10-01--1991-10-31

This study was conducted to examine the nature and extent of prejudice-based mistreatment of employees in the workplace. The researchers investigated the effects of mistreatment on employees' psychological well-being, interpersonal relationships, and perceptions of the work environment. Personal interviews were conducted with 327 first-line workers at an American corporation in the middle Atlantic states to determine workers' experiences of violence, discrimination, and prejudice and their responses to such victimization. Three dimensions of victimization were explored: personal victimization, prejudiced victimization, and co-victimization. Self-reported symptoms of post-traumatic stress were identified. Data were also collected to ascertain job satisfaction and job autonomy and to determine if these factors mitigate the effects of mistreatment. Demographic information includes age, race, sex, income, education, marital status, ethnicity, religion, handicap, and sexual orientation. The company involved in the research has been kept anonymous.

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Non-Fatal Workplace Violence in Lincoln, Nebraska, 1996-1997 (ICPSR 3717)

Released/updated on: 2003-10-01

Geographic coverage: United States, Nebraska

Time period: 1996-01-01--1997-06-30

This project investigated non-fatal workplace violence in Lincoln, Nebraska, over an 18-month period. Workplace violence was defined as any behavior by an individual that was intended to harm workers of an organization, including all instances of physical and verbal aggression and violence. The principal investigator coded all cases of non-fatal workplace violence reported to the Lincoln Police Department during the study period with regard to 17 factors, including the type of workplace violence, the intimacy level of the perpetrator (boyfriend/husband, ex-boyfriend/husband), whether a weapon was mentioned, whether threats had been made, and the intensity level of violence. The goals of this project were (1) to present epidemiological information concerning non-fatal workplace violence, (2) to address the different types of workplace violence and differences across those types, and (3) to analyze risk factors associated with higher and lower intensity violence.