Showing 1 – 8 of 8 results.
Curated
Changing Trends in the Labor Force: A Survey (ICPSR 21582)
Released/updated on: 2008-01-10
Geographic coverage: United States
The composition of the American workforce has changed dramatically over the past half century as a result of both the emergence of married women as a substantial component of the labor force and an increase in the number of minority workers. The aging of the population has contributed to this change as well. In this paper, the authors review the evidence of changing labor force participation rates, estimate the trends in labor force participation over the past 50 years, and find that aggregate participation has stabilized after a period of persistent increases. Moreover, they examine the disparate labor force participation experiences of different demographic groups. Finally, they survey some of the studies that have provided explanations for these differences.
Curated
Evidence on Wage Inequality, Worker Education and Technology (ICPSR 1314)
Released/updated on: 2005-11-28
Geographic coverage: United States
Time period: 1983-01-01--2002-01-01
The rise in United States wage inequality over the past two decades is commonly associated with an increase in the use of "skill-biased" technologies (e.g., computer equipment) in the workplace, yet relatively few studies have attempted to measure the direct link between the two. This paper explores the relationship among inequality, worker education levels, and workplace computer usage using a sample of 230 United States industries between 1983 and 2002. The results generate two primary conclusions: First, this rising inequality in the United States has been caused predominantly by increasing wage dispersion within industries rather than between industries. Second, within-industry inequality is strongly tied to both the frequency of computer usage among workers and the fraction of total employment with a college degree. Both results lend support to the idea that skill-biased technological change has been an important element in the rise of United States wage inequality.
Curated
IPUMS Contextual Determinants of Health (CDOH) Gender Measure: Earnings Ratio by State, United States, 2015-2022 (ICPSR 38850)
Released/updated on: 2024-04-30
Geographic coverage: United States
Time period: 2015-01-01--2022-01-01
The IPUMS Contextual Determinants of Health (CDOH) data series includes measures of disparities, policies, and counts by state or county for historically marginalized populations in the United States including Black, Asian, Hispanic/Latina/o/e/x, and LGBTQ+ persons as well as women.
The IPUMS CDOH data are made available through ICPSR/DSDR for merging with the National Couples' Health and Time Study (NCHAT), United States, 2020-2021 (ICPSR 38417) by approved restricted data researchers. All other researchers can access the IPUMS CDOH data via the IPUMS CDOH website.
Unlike other IPUMS products, the CDOH data are organized into multiple categories related to Race and Ethnicity, Sexual and Gender Minority, Gender, and Politics. The CDOH measures were created from a wide variety of data sources (e.g., IPUMS NHGIS, the Census Bureau, the Bureau of Labor Statistics, the Movement Advancement Project, and Myers Abortion Facility Database). Measures are currently available for states or counties from approximately 2015 to 2020.
The Gender measures in this release include the state-level earnings ratio, which compares the median earnings of full-time wage and salary workers identifying as male to the median earnings of full-time wage and salary workers identifying as female in a given state in a given year. To work with the IPUMS CDOH data, researchers will need to first merge the NCHAT data to DS1 (MATCH ID and State FIPS Data). This merged file can then be linked to the IPUMS CDOH datafile (DS2) using the STATEFIPS variable.
Curated
Study of Consumer Purchases in the United States, 1935-1936 (ICPSR 8908)
Released/updated on: 2009-06-29
Geographic coverage: United States
Time period: 1935-01-01--1936-01-01
In 1935, the principal investigators interviewed a national sample of all families in the United States to ascertain for the first time in a single national survey the earning and spending habits of inhabitants of large and small cities, villages, and farms. Families completed questionnaires that reported in detail all household income sources and expenditures. Respondents were asked to list the amount of all income received by the family from each person employed as well as from other sources such as gifts, interest and dividends, pensions, and work in the home. Complete information was also provided on family composition, type of living quarters, housing accommodations, fuel and other utility expenses, medical care, recreational activities, tobacco use, purchase of reading materials, educational expenses, miscellaneous occupational expenses, gifts furnished, taxes paid, automobile expenses, personal care costs, and a detailed appraisal of all changes in family assets and liabilities over the course of the previous year. Families also reported the quantity of food items consumed, unit purchase price, and total expense of all food items consumed by the family in the seven days prior to the interview. In addition, families were queried on furnishings and equipment purchased for the home as well as on all items of clothing purchased for each family member in the previous year. Demographic characteristics recorded for each household member include relationship to the household head, age, sex, occupation, weeks spent at home or away from home, wage rate, length of time employed during the year, and total earnings.
Curated
Woman and Child Wage Earners, 1907 [Massachusetts, North Carolina, Chicago, and New York City] (ICPSR 20702)
Released/updated on: 2008-01-08
Geographic coverage: New York City, North Carolina, United States, Chicago, Illinois, Massachusetts, New York (state)
This data collection contains work and demographic information on immigrant and native born industrial workers and their families from Massachusetts, North Carolina, Chicago, and New York City in the cotton textile and clothing industries. Information available includes occupation, days worked, earnings, job experience, literacy, schooling, family income, amounts retained by youths, and rent paid by the family. Also in the sample is similar information on young girls and boys working in the same two industries. Other industries (silk and glass) were surveyed, but are not in this sample. Data on occupation, earnings, months schooling, literacy, years since beginning work, days worked, ethnicity, and years in the United States are included. Also available is information on the presence of the mother and father, the father's occupation, other children in the family, family income, the amount retained by working children, and rent paid.
Curated
Woman and Child Wage Earners: Adrift, 1907 [New York City and Philadelphia] (ICPSR 20700)
Released/updated on: 2008-01-03
Geographic coverage: New York City, United States, New York (state), Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
This data collection contains information on women workers living apart from their families, or "adrift," in New York City and Philadelphia. It is similar in origin to the WOMAN AND CHILD WAGE EARNERS (ICPSR 20702), WOMAN AND CHILD WAGE EARNERS, MARRIED (ICPSR 20720), and WOMAN AND CHILD WAGE EARNERS, WORKING WOMEN IN NEW YORK CITY LIVING AT HOME (ICPSR 20721) data collections. Somewhat more comprehensive information exists for it than for the ICPSR 20721 sample, which is very similar in content. The data for this sample were collected for women living apart from their families of origin. Variables include: age, work experience, ethnicity, average weekly earnings, and whether the place of work was a store or manufacturing enterprise. In addition to these variables there is information on years of schooling, weekly expenditures for car fare, shelter and food, and remittances home or contributions to other relatives. It should be emphasized that the respondents were asked about their years of schooling. The education variable, therefore, is not derived but was given by the women, which is quite extraordinary for the period. Additionally, there is no information on the marital status of these women. It is presumed that they are either unmarried, widowed, or divorced (or separated) because they are all living apart from other family members.
Curated
Woman and Child Wage Earners: Married Women, 1907 [Massachusetts, North Carolina, Chicago, New York City, and Philadelphia] (ICPSR 20720)
Released/updated on: 2007-12-21
Geographic coverage: New York City, North Carolina, United States, Chicago, Illinois, Massachusetts, New York (state), Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
This data collection contains information on married women workers in the cotton textiles and clothing industries in New York City, Chicago, Philadelphia, North Carolina, and Massachusetts. Approximately 15 percent of the women in the sample were working in other sectors but were included because their children worked in cotton textiles and clothing. The data include information on occupation, earnings, age, days worked, number of children, years married, rent paid, the condition of the husband (dead, away, incapacitated, or at work), the ethnicity and nativity of the husband, and whether industrial homework was performed.
Curated
Woman and Child Wage Earners: Working Women in New York City Living at Home, 1907 (ICPSR 20721)
Released/updated on: 2007-12-21
Geographic coverage: New York City, United States, New York (state)
This data collection contains information on young women who worked in factories, stores, and other enterprises in New York City and who were living at home with their parents. Information available includes industry, occupation, ethnicity, age, years of experience, weekly earnings, and weekly contribution to the family.