Showing 1 – 50 of 90 results.
Curated
Simple Crosstabs
2000 Florida Ballots Project (ICPSR 36207)
Released/updated on: 2015-10-22
Geographic coverage: United States, Florida
In the United States presidential election of November 2000, approximately 180,000 ballots in Florida's 67 counties were uncertified because they failed to register a "valid" vote for president. These ballots included those in which no vote was recorded (undervotes) and those in which people voted for more than one candidate (overvotes). The 2000 Florida Ballots Project examined the undervotes and overvotes. The goal of the project was not to declare a "winner," but rather to carefully examine the ballots to assess the relative reliability of the three major types of ballot systems used in Florida. The results of this assessment may help state legislatures, other decision-makers, and developers of ballot systems to work toward more reliable ballot systems in the future.
This collection contains seven separate data sets. The first data set is the "Raw Data File" which contains one record for each ballot examined. In addition to ballot information, each record includes county name, FIPS code, ballot system and other identifying information. The unique identifier for each record is recorded in the variable BALNUM, and can be used to link the data sets. The second data set is the "Aligned Data File." This data set matches the Raw Data File with the exception of the variables associated with the candidates. All chad-level data (including chads that represent a particular candidate) are presented in the raw file. In the aligned data file, only those data that apply to candidate chads are included - data from three coding systems are contained in the same variable for each candidate. The third data set is the "Recode Data File." At random intervals, after coding a group of ballots, the coders were instructed to recode the same ballots as a check on intra-coder reliability (or consistency within a coder). These second codings are contained in the recode data file. The difference between variables in the recode data and file and the aligned data file is variables with the suffix C1, C2, or C3 in the aligned data has R1, R2, and R3, respectively, in the recode data. The fourth data file is the "Comment Data File." The comments data file is a ballot-level file containing all comments made by coders during the coding of ballots. The data file contains one record for each ballot for which at least one of the three coders recorded a comment; 5,407 ballots had at least one coder comment and are contained in this file. The fifth data file is the "Coder Demographic Data File." The Coder Demographic data file contains the results of a questionnaire given to each coder employed by NORC for the Florida Ballots Project. This file contains one record for each coder and includes information such as the sex, marital status, age, income level, ethnicity, and political affiliation of each coder. The ID field contains the identification number of the coder which can be used as a link to the raw and aligned data files. The sixth and seventh data sets are the "Orange County Raw Data File" and "Orange County Aligned Data File." These two data sets are identical to the structures of the raw and aligned data files, respectively. Each file has 417 records. These data files are being made available because the 966 undervotes and 1,383 overvotes reported by Orange County on election day (that ultimately informed the tally of certified totals) could not be segregated by county officials responsible for producing the ballots for NORC review. The NORC coders were initially shown only 640 undervotes and 1,197 overvotes. At the time of initial coding, more than 400 of the ballots rejected by machines on election day simply could not be distinguished from ballots that were accepted and certified on election day.
Curated
ABC News Final Pre-Election Tracking Poll, October 1984 (ICPSR 8517)
Released/updated on: 2007-03-15
Geographic coverage: United States
This survey was conducted prior to the 1984 presidential election involving candidates Ronald Reagan and Walter Mondale. Respondents were asked about their voter registration status, whether they intended to vote in the presidential election, the candidate they would vote for if the election were held that day, the candidate they were currently leaning toward voting for, and whether they would vote that way in the November election. Those surveyed were also asked about their party preferences regarding congressional elections in their districts. Background information on respondents includes political party, participation in the 1980 presidential election, education, age, race, Hispanic origin, and sex.
Curated
ABC News/Washington Post Poll, January 2008 (ICPSR 24603)
Released/updated on: 2009-10-21
Geographic coverage: United States
This poll, fielded January 9-12, 2008, is a part of continuing series of monthly polls that solicit public opinion on various political and social issues. A national sample of 1,130 adults was surveyed, including an oversample of African Americans, for a total of 202 African American respondents. Respondents were asked whether they approved of the way George W. Bush was handling his job as president and other issues such as the situation in Iraq and the economy, and whether they thought things in the country were going in the right direction. This poll focused on the 2008 presidential election, and asked respondents what was the single most important issue in their choice for president, how closely they had been following the presidential race, how likely they were to vote in the 2008 presidential primary or caucus in their state, and which candidate they would vote for if the Democratic and Republican primaries were being held that day. Iowa and New Hampshire residents were asked whether they voted in the 2008 primaries in their states and for whom they voted. Respondents were asked for their opinions of the 2008 presidential candidates, including which Democratic and Republican candidates they trusted to handle issues such as health care, the United States campaign against terrorism, immigration, and international affairs, which types of characteristics were important to them in a candidate, which candidate would bring the most change to Washington, and which candidate had the best chance to get elected as president in November 2008. Several questions asked whether respondents were more or less enthusiastic about the candidates based on the possibility that they could become the first president who was African American, female, Mormon, 72 years old when elected, or a Baptist minister, whether being African American would help or hurt Barack Obama's candidacy, and whether the country needed a president to lead the nation in the same direction as George W. Bush. Additional topics included abortion, respondents' economic and financial situation, and the war in Iraq. Demographic information includes sex, age, race, education level, household income, type of residential area (e.g., urban or rural), whether respondents rented or owned their home, voter registration status and participation history, political party affiliation, political philosophy, marital status, religious preference, and whether respondents considered themselves to be a born-again Christian.
Curated
American National Election Study: 2016 Pilot Study (ICPSR 36390)
Released/updated on: 2016-03-16
Geographic coverage: United States
These data are being released as a preliminary version to facilitate early access to the study for research purposes. This collection has not been fully processed by ICPSR at this time, and data are released in the format provided by the principal investigators. As the study is processed and given enhanced features by ICPSR in the future, users will be able to download the updated versions of the study. Please report any data errors or problems to user support, and we will work with you to resolve any data-related issues.
The American National Election Study (ANES): 2016 Pilot Study sought to test new instrumentation under consideration for potential inclusion in the ANES 2016 Time Series Study, as well as future ANES studies. Much of the content is based on proposals from the ANES user community submitted through the Online Commons page, found on the ANES home page. The survey included questions about preferences in the presidential primary, stereotyping, the economy, discrimination, race and racial consciousness, police use of force, and numerous policy issues, such as immigration law, health insurance, and federal spending. It was conducted on the Internet using the YouGov panel, an international market research firm that administers polls that collect information about politics, public affairs, products, brands, as well as other topics of general interest.
Curated
Simple Crosstabs
ANES 2016 Time Series Study (ICPSR 36824)
Released/updated on: 2017-09-19
Geographic coverage: United States
Time period: 2016-09-01--2017-01-01
This study is part of the American National Election Study (ANES), a time-series collection of national surveys fielded continuously since 1948. The American National Election Studies are designed to present data on Americans' social backgrounds, enduring political predispositions, social and political values, perceptions and evaluations of groups and candidates, opinions on questions of public policy, and participation in political life. As with all Time Series studies conducted during years of presidential elections, respondents were interviewed during the two months preceding the November election (Pre-election interview), and then re-interviewed during the two months following the election (Post-election interview). Like its predecessors, the 2016 ANES was divided between questions necessary for tracking long-term trends and questions necessary to understand the particular political moment of 2016. The study maintains and extends the ANES time-series 'core' by collecting data on Americans' basic political beliefs, allegiances, and behaviors, which are so critical to a general understanding of politics that they are monitored at every election, no matter the nature of the specific campaign or the broader setting. This 2016 ANES study features a dual-mode design with both traditional face-to-face interviewing (n=1,181) and surveys conducted on the Internet (n=3,090), and a total sample size of 4,271. In addition to content on electoral participation, voting behavior, and public opinion, the 2016 ANES Time Series Study contains questions about areas such as media exposure, cognitive style, and values and predispositions. Several items first measured on the 2012 ANES study were again asked, including "Big Five" personality traits using the Ten Item Personality Inventory (TIPI), and skin tone observations made by interviewers in the face-to-face study. For the first time, ANES has collected supplemental data directly from respondents' Facebook accounts. The post-election interview also included Module 5 from the Comparative Study of Electorial Systems (CSES), exploring themes in populism, perceptions on elites, corruption, and attitudes towards representative democracy. Face-to-face interviews were conducted by trained interviewers using computer assisted personal interviewing (CAPI) software on laptop computers. During a portion of the face-to-face interview, the respondent answered certain sensitive questions on the laptop computer directly, without the interviewer's participation (known as computer assisted self-interviewing (CASI)). Internet questionnaires could be completed anywhere the respondent had access to the Internet, on a computer or on a mobile device. Respondents were only eligible to compete the survey in the mode for which they were sampled. Demographic variables include respondent age, education level, political affiliation, race/ethnicity, marital status, and family composition.
Curated
Simple Crosstabs
CBS News/60 Minutes/Vanity Fair National Poll, August #2, 2012 (ICPSR 34634)
Released/updated on: 2013-06-06
Geographic coverage: United States
This poll, the second of two fielded August 2012, is part of a continuing series of monthly surveys that solicits public opinion on a range of political and social issues. Respondents were asked how well Barack Obama was handling the presidency on issues such as foreign policy, the economy, the war in Afghanistan, and the performance of Congress. Data were collected on voter enthusiasm for the 2012 election, intentions to vote, as well as current opinions on specific election issues. Several questions were asked about the state of the nation today and respondent feelings about the future. Participants were also asked for their opinions on the favorability of the vice-presidential candidates Joe Biden and Paul Ryan, their ability to be an effective president, and whether Paul Ryan would influence their voting preference for Mitt Romney. Opinions were collected on the direction that each presidential candidate would take the nation, and which candidate would do a better job handling issues such as economy and unemployment, Medicare, and helping middle class Americans. Furthermore, participants were queried about their own opinions on election issues such as abortion, Congressman Todd Akin's statements on abortion, the Tea Party movement, and health care. Additional topics included family financial improvements over the past four years, expectations for television coverage of the two parties, the Supreme Court decision that allowed unlimited funds spent on political advertising, and whether celebrities' public support of a candidate would influence voting choice. Demographic information includes sex, age, race, marital status, education level, household income, employment status, religious preference, type of residential area (e.g., urban or rural), political party affiliation, political philosophy, voting behavior, whether respondents were registered to vote, and whether respondents thought of themselves as born-again Christians.
Curated
Simple Crosstabs
CBS News/60 Minutes/Vanity Fair National Poll, December #1, 2012 (ICPSR 34667)
Released/updated on: 2013-06-10
Geographic coverage: United States
This poll, the first of two fielded December 2012, is part of a continuing series of monthly surveys that solicits public opinion on a range of political and social issues. Respondents were asked how well Barack Obama was handling the presidency on issues such as foreign policy, the economy, terrorism, taxes, and the budget deficit. Opinions were collected on the progress of the economy, the job market, the performance of Congress, feelings toward Washington, and whether the country was heading in the right direction. The respondents were also asked for their opinions of the Republican and Democratic parties, Barack Obama, John Boehner, Hillary Clinton, and the difficulty in reaching agreements and passing legislation in Congress. Data were collected on tax increases and spending cuts, expectations of the negotiations between the two parties, the preferred plan for reducing the budget deficit, and whether the respondents approved of Congress raising the federal debt ceiling. Respondents were also asked their views about illegal immigrants, ongoing violence in Syria, gun control laws, the recent shooting at Sandy Hook Elementary School and safety of schools, holiday shopping, and New Year's Eve plans. Additional topics included the worst date movie, the least interesting movie, the most difficult job in Hollywood, expected changes to the Oscars broadcast, quintessential actor and actress, and preference of a great movie over a powerful documentary. Demographic information includes sex, age, race, marital status, education level, household income, religious preference, type of residential area (e.g., urban or rural), political party affiliation, political philosophy, voting behavior, whether respondents were registered to vote, and whether respondents thought of themselves as born-again Christians.
Curated
Simple Crosstabs
CBS News/60 Minutes/Vanity Fair National Poll, February #2, 2012 (ICPSR 34577)
Released/updated on: 2013-04-10
Geographic coverage: United States
This poll, fielded February, 2012, and the last of two, is part of a continuing series of monthly surveys that solicits public opinion on a range of political and social issues. Respondents were asked whether things in the country were on the right track, whether they supported the Tea Party, and for their opinions on gasoline prices. Information was collected on respondent's frequency of purchases with credit cards or cash, family finances, preferences for small business or chain store shopping, buying products made in the United States, and opinions on price vs. quality of products and services. Also, a variety of pop culture topics were addressed, including but not limited to, clothing preferences, personal electronic devices, profane language on broadcast television, and opinions on hypothetical scenarios. Demographic variables include sex, age, race, education level, household income, employment status, religious preference and participation, type of residential area (e.g., urban or rural), whether respondents thought of themselves as born-again Christians, marital status, household composition, political party affiliation, political philosophy, voter registration status, voting behavior, whether they served in the armed forces, and the number of phones in their household.
Curated
Simple Crosstabs
CBS News/60 Minutes/Vanity Fair National Poll, March #2, 2012 (ICPSR 34601)
Released/updated on: 2013-04-16
Geographic coverage: United States
This poll, fielded March, 2012, and the last of two, is part of a continuing series of monthly surveys that solicits public opinion on a range of political and social issues. Respondents were asked for their opinions about the 2010 health care law and its provisions, the war in Afghanistan, as well as what issues are most important in deciding who should be elected president. Other topics include income taxes for 2011, Earth Day, and various pop culture questions. Demographic variables include sex, age, race, education level, household income, religious preference and participation, type of residential area (e.g., urban or rural), whether respondents thought of themselves as born-again Christians, marital status, household composition, political party affiliation, political philosophy, voter registration status, voting behavior, and the number of phones in their household.
Curated
CBS News/60 Minutes/Vanity Fair National Poll, May #2, 2011 (ICPSR 33964)
Released/updated on: 2012-06-18
Geographic coverage: United States
This survey, fielded May 20-23, 2011, is part of a continuing series of monthly surveys that solicits public opinion on a range of political and social issues. Respondents were asked for their opinions of political figures President Barack Obama, First Lady Michelle Obama, Tim Pawlenty, Newt Gingrich, Sarah Palin, and former President George W. Bush. Respondents were asked if they felt the country was going in the right direction, how President Obama and Congress were handling their jobs, and how things were going in Washington. Opinions were sought about how much influence various groups such as large corporations, labor unions, Planned Parenthood, the National Rifle Association, and special interest groups had on the government, who benefits most from the policies of the federal government, whether Congress serves special interest groups, and whether the salaries and benefits of the members of Congress are too high. Further questions addressed whether a political candidate's marital status mattered when deciding who to vote for, and whether more investigations were necessary into the bankers and members of high finance that played a role in the economic crash of 2008. Respondents were also asked which issues they were most angry about including federal policies, the political parties, and religious issues. Additional topics include plans for travelling over the summer, whether respondents thought being a father was more difficult now than when they were a child, whether they flew an American flag on holidays such as the Fourth of July or Flag Day, ATM fees, hypothetical scenarios, and whether they had ever looked up a map of registered sex offenders. Respondents were also asked about the condition of the national economy, their household financial situation, whether they had a close family member or friend or knew anyone who died in the September 11, 2001 attacks, and if they supported the Tea Party movement. Demographic information included sex, age, race, education level, household income, employment status, marital status, whether the respondent had children, religious preference, type of residential area (e.g., urban or rural), and state of residence, type of phone(s), number of phones, political party affiliation, political philosophy, voting behavior, and whether the respondent is a born-again Christian.
Curated
Simple Crosstabs
CBS News/60 Minutes/Vanity Fair National Poll, September #2, 2012 (ICPSR 34635)
Released/updated on: 2013-07-03
Geographic coverage: United States
This poll, the last of two fielded in September 2012, is a part of a continuing series of monthly surveys that solicit public opinion on a range of political and social issues. Respondents were asked about the job approval of past presidents such as Franklin D. Roosevelt, Dwight Eisenhower, Ronald Reagan, Bill Clinton, and George W. Bush. Opinions were also collected on issues such as the Electoral College, lobbying rights, legalization of marijuana, and Islam. Respondents were queried on whether they voted in the 2008 presidential election and who they voted for, as well as when they last participated in an election of any kind. Additional topics include the upcoming Halloween holiday and various superstitions. Demographic information includes sex, age, race, marital status, education level, household income, employment status, religious preference, type of residential area (e.g., urban or rural), political party affiliation, political philosophy, whether respondents were registered to vote, and whether respondents thought of themselves as born-again Christians.
Curated
CBS News/Black Entertainment Television (BET) Monthly Poll, July 2004 (ICPSR 4154)
Released/updated on: 2005-02-18
Geographic coverage: United States
This poll is part of a continuing series of monthly surveys that solicit public opinion on the presidency and on a range of other political and social issues. Respondents -- all Blacks/African Americans -- were asked to give their opinions on the 2004 presidential campaign and the candidates, the way the Bush administration was handling certain issues, and the war in Iraq. Questions were asked regarding respondents' confidence that their votes would be accurately counted, whether there was a deliberate attempt to prevent African Americans from voting or having their votes properly counted, how the voting problems reported in Florida in the 2000 presidential election would affect voter turnout, and which candidate had more 'soul'. Respondents were also asked about various issues facing the country, such as how to provide African Americans with more jobs, the best way to help more African Americans go to college, and whether the United States should intervene when crises occur in Africa. Additional questions queried respondents' health behavior, exercise patterns, experiences with low carbohydrate diets, and attitudes toward reinstating the military draft. Background information includes voter registration status, sex, religious preference, education, age, ethnicity, and income.
Curated
CBS News Call-Back Poll, September 2009 (ICPSR 27804)
Released/updated on: 2011-03-04
Geographic coverage: United States
This special topic poll, fielded September 10, 2009, re-interviewed 648 adults first surveyed August 27-31 2009. This continuing series of monthly surveys solicit public opinion on the presidency and on a range of other political and social issues. The dataset includes their responses to call-back questions as well as to selected questions in the original poll (ICPSR 27803) which asked whether they approved of the way Barack Obama was handling the presidency, the war in Afghanistan, health care, and the economy. Several questions addressed health care, including whether respondents thought the health care system in the United States worked well, whether Medicare worked well, and whether the government would do a better job than private health care companies in keeping health care costs down and providing medical coverage. Respondents were also asked their opinions on whether President Obama's proposals for reform would increase competition in the private insurance market, the health insurance industry, whether they believed in the possibility of expanding health care coverage without increasing budget deficits or taxes on the middle class, whether President Obama or the Republicans in Congress had better ideas about reforming the health care system, and whether they understood the health care reforms that Congress was considering. Whether President Obama's proposals for reform would increase competition in the private insurance market, whether the health care reform proposed by President Obama would make health care better in the United States and would help the respondent personally, and whether respondents favored the ideas of requiring all Americans to buy health insurance and the government offering everyone a government administered health insurance plan. Information was collected on how respondents thought health care reforms under consideration in Congress would effect the middle class, senior citizens, small businesses, the respondent personally, their health care costs, and the quality of health care. Additional topics that were covered included the pullout of troops from Iraq, credit card debt, how the federal government should use taxpayer's money, personal finances, the best way to discourage obesity, terrorist attacks, the war in Afghanistan, the swine flu, and job security. Respondents were re-interviewed on September 10, 2009, and asked whether they approved of the way Barak Obama was handling health care, if they had listened to the president's address of September 9th, the clarity of his explanation in regard to reform, if they agreed with the proposed reforms, whether Congress would pass and President Obama would sign a bill reforming the system. Questions in regard to budget deficit, expanded health care, regulation of the health insurance industry were also asked. Demographic variables include sex, age, race, marital status, education level, household income, political party affiliation, political philosophy, perceived social class, religious preference, and voter registration status and participation history.
Curated
CBS News Monthly Poll #1, November 2008 (ICPSR 26829)
Released/updated on: 2009-12-14
Geographic coverage: United States
This poll, fielded November 1-3, 2008, is a part of a continuing series of monthly surveys that solicit public opinion on the presidency and on a range of other political and social issues. This poll interviewed 1,091 adults nationwide, including 987 registered voters. Respondents were asked whether they approved of the way George W. Bush was handling the presidency, whether their family was financially better off compared to four years ago, and whether a person's race affected their chances of getting ahead in today's society. Registered voters were asked how much attention they were paying to the 2008 presidential campaign, whether they had voted in a Democratic or Republican primary or caucus that year, the likelihood that they would vote in the general election, for which presidential candidate they would vote, the strength of their support for this candidate, and whether they planned to vote in person on election day, by mail or absentee ballot, or at an early voting location before election day. Those who had already voted were asked for which presidential candidate they had voted. Views were also sought on presidential candidates Barack Obama and John McCain and vice-presidential candidates Joe Biden and Sarah Palin. Demographic variables include sex, age, race, education level, marital status, household income, political party affiliation, political philosophy, voter registration status and participation history, length of time at current residence, military service, religious preference, and whether respondents considered themselves to be a born-again Christian.
Curated
CBS News Monthly Poll #1, October 2008 (ICPSR 26821)
Released/updated on: 2010-02-04
Geographic coverage: United States
This special topic poll is part of a continuing series of monthly surveys that solicits public opinion on the presidency and on a range of other political and social issues. In this poll, fielded October 3-5, 2008, respondents were asked whether they approved of the way George W. Bush was handling the presidency, their opinion of the condition of the national economy, and whether it was getting better or worse. Those who were registered to vote were asked how much attention they were paying to the 2008 presidential campaign, their opinions of the presidential and vice presidential candidates and their abilities, the degree of their support for the candidates, whether the presidential candidates choice for vice president would influence their vote, whether they had voted in a Democratic or Republican primary or caucus that year, and the likelihood that they would vote in the general election and for whom. Respondents were also asked whether they watched or listened to the vice presidential debate held October 2, 2008, who they thought did the best job, whether their opinions of the vice presidential candidates changed as a result of the debate, the likelihood that they would watch the second presidential debate, and their prediction on who would win the presidential debate. Several questions addressed the economic crisis and included questions that asked whether respondents approved of the way Congress was handling its job, whether they approved of the way George W. Bush and Congress was handling the crisis, whether they approved of the federal government providing money to financial institutions, whether the federal government should provide financial assistance to financially troubled homeowners, whether they approved of the bailout plan passed by Congress, and who they thought would benefit from the money used in the bailout plan. Other topics addressed whether the respondent knew of anyone who supported Barack Obama mainly because of his race, and which sport the they followed the most. Demographic variables include sex, age, race, education level, marital status, household income, political party affiliation, political philosophy, voter registration status and participation history, length of time at current residence, whether there were children under the age of 18 living with the respondent, labor union membership, religious preference, and whether respondents considered themselves to be a born-again Christian.
Curated
CBS News Monthly Poll #2, July 2010 (ICPSR 32702)
Released/updated on: 2012-02-17
Geographic coverage: United States
This poll, fielded July 9-12, 2010 is a part of a continuing series of monthly surveys that solicits public opinion on a range of political and social issues. A national sample of 966 adults was surveyed. Respondents were asked how well Barack Obama was handling the presidency, the gulf oil spill, the wars in Afghanistan and in Iraq, and foreign policy. In addition, respondents were asked if President Obama was spending too much time on financial system reform, health care reform, the gulf oil spill, and the economy. Respondents were also asked how much attention they paid to the 2010 election campaign, how likely it was that they would vote in the 2010 election for Congress and whether they would vote for the Democratic or the Republican candidate, what they thought was the most important problem facing the nation at the time of this survey, what they thought was the most important economic problem and how long they thought the effects of the recession would last. Respondents were queried on whether they believed BP (British Petroleum) would stop the gulf oil leak by Fall of 2010, if BP would fairly compensate those affected by the spill, whether they favored or opposed an Arizona immigration law, and whether the federal or state governments should pass immigration laws. Finally respondents were asked whether they voted in the 2008 presidential election and who they voted for, whether they voted for a United States House of Representative in the 2006 election and which candidate they voted for, what year was the most recent election of any kind that they had voted in, and whether they were registered to vote. Demographic information includes sex, age, race, marital status, education level, household income, employment status, religious preference, type of residential area (e.g., urban or rural), political party affiliation, political philosophy, and whether respondents thought of themselves as born-again Christians.
Curated
CBS News Monthly Poll #2, October 2008 (ICPSR 26826)
Released/updated on: 2010-01-29
Geographic coverage: United States
This special topic poll is part of a continuing series of monthly surveys that solicits public opinion on the presidency and on a range of other political and social issues. In this poll, fielded October 28-30, 2008, respondents were asked whether they approved of the way George W. Bush was handling the presidency, whether the country was going in the right direction, whether the condition of the economy was good, and whether their family was financially better off compared to four years ago. Those who were registered to vote were asked about how much attention they were paying to the 2008 presidential campaign, their opinions of the campaigns, their opinions of the presidential and vice-presidential candidates and their policies, their degree of support for the candidates, whether they had voted in a Democratic or Republican primary or caucus that year, the issue that was most important in deciding which candidate to vote for, the likelihood that they would vote in the general election and for whom, and whether they planned to vote in person on election day, by mail or absentee ballot, or at an early voting location. Respondents were also asked about whether they would vote for a Republican or Democratic candidate in the United States House of Representative election, which party had more members in the United States House of Representatives, whether they approved of the way Congress was handling its job, and whether they approved of the job their own district's representative was doing in Congress. Other topics addressed respondent's social class, job security, respondent's concerns and confidence level in having their vote counted properly for the presidential election, television commercials for Barak Obama and John McCain, whether a person's race affected their chances of getting ahead in today's society, and whether the United States was justified for taking military action against Iraq. Demographic variables include sex, age, race, education level, marital status, household income, political party affiliation, political philosophy, voter registration status and participation history, length of time at current residence, whether there were children under the age of 18 living with the respondent, military service, religious preference, religious service attendance, and whether respondents considered themselves to be a born-again Christian.
Curated
CBS News Monthly Poll #2, September 2004 (ICPSR 4164)
Released/updated on: 2005-05-23
Geographic coverage: United States
This poll is part of a continuing series of monthly surveys that solicit public opinion on the presidency and on a range of other political and social issues. Respondents were asked to give their opinions of the 2004 presidential campaign, including for whom they would likely vote -- George W. Bush, John Kerry, or Ralph Nader -- and their level of support for that candidate. Questions were also posed regarding candidates' handling of or ability to handle current issues, such as the campaign against terrorism, the economy, and the situation in Iraq. Additional survey questions, for example, queried respondents' perceptions of the future of Social Security benefits, responses to government issued terrorist attack warnings, opinions of the pharmaceutical industry, and likelihood of voting for a presidential candidate with a beard. Background information includes voter registration status, sex, labor union affiliation, military service, religion, education, political party leanings, age, ethnicity, marital status, urbanicity, frequency of religious participation, length of time lived at current address, political ideology, whether the respondent voted in the 2000 or 2002 elections, and income.
Curated
CBS News Monthly Poll #3, October 2008 (ICPSR 26827)
Released/updated on: 2010-01-29
Geographic coverage: United States
This special topic poll is part of a continuing series of monthly surveys that solicits public opinion on the presidency and on a range of other political and social issues. In this poll, fielded October 29-31, 2008, respondents were asked whether they approved of the way George W. Bush was handling the presidency, whether the country was going in the right direction, whether the condition of the economy was good, and whether their family was financially better off compared to four years ago. Those who were registered to vote were asked about how much attention they were paying to the 2008 presidential campaign, their opinions of the campaigns, their opinions of the presidential and vice-presidential candidates and their policies, their concerns for the candidates, whether they had voted in a Democratic or Republican primary or caucus that year, the issue that was most important to them in deciding which candidate to vote for, the likelihood that they would vote in the general election and for whom, and whether they planned to vote in person on election day, by mail or absentee ballot, or at an early voting location. Respondents were also asked about whether they would vote for a Republican or Democratic candidate in the United States House of Representatives election, which party had more members in the United States House of Representatives, and whether they approved of the way Congress was handling its job. Other topics addressed job security, television commercials for Barak Obama and John McCain, whether a person's race affected their chances of getting ahead in today's society, and whether the United States was justified for taking military action against Iraq. Demographic variables include sex, age, race, education level, marital status, household income, political party affiliation, political philosophy, voter registration status and participation history, length of time at current residence, whether there were children under the age of 18 living with the respondent, military service, religious preference, and whether respondents considered themselves to be a born-again Christian.
Curated
CBS News Monthly Poll #4, October 2008 (ICPSR 26832)
Released/updated on: 2010-01-04
Geographic coverage: United States
This poll, fielded October 29 to November 1, 2008, is a part of a continuing series of monthly surveys that solicit public opinion on the presidency and on a range of other political and social issues. This poll interviewed 1,167 adults nationwide, including 1,040 registered voters. Respondents were asked whether they approved of the way George W. Bush was handling the presidency, whether the country was moving in the right direction, and the condition of the national economy. Registered voters were asked how much attention they were paying to the 2008 presidential campaign, whether they had voted in a Democratic or Republican primary or caucus that year, the likelihood that they would vote in the upcoming general election, for whom they would vote, and whether they planned to vote in person on election day, by mail or absentee ballot, or at an early voting location. Those who had already voted were asked which candidate they had voted for. Views were also sought on presidential candidates Barack Obama and John McCain and vice-presidential candidates Joe Biden and Sarah Palin. Other questions addressed the respondent's financial situation compared to four years ago, how long they had lived at their current residence, whether a person's race affected their chances of getting ahead in today's society, and the Iraq War. Demographic variables include sex, age, race, education level, marital status, household income, perceived social class, political party affiliation, political philosophy, voter registration status and participation history, military service, religious preference, frequency of religious attendance, and whether respondents considered themselves to be a born-again Christian.
Curated
CBS News Monthly Poll #5, October 1996 (ICPSR 4513)
Released/updated on: 2008-08-18
Geographic coverage: United States
This poll, fielded October 27-29, 1996, is part of a continuing series of monthly surveys that solicit public opinion on the presidency and on a range of other political and social issues. Respondents were asked to give their opinions of President Bill Clinton and his handling of the presidency. Those polled rated the condition of the national economy and gave their opinions of Vice President Al Gore, First Lady Hillary Clinton, the United States Congress, and the presidential and vice presidential candidates in the upcoming election. Opinions were elicited on the 1996 presidential and congressional elections, the likelihood that respondents would vote, for whom they would vote, what issue the next administration should focus on, and whether America was ready to elect a Black or female president. Views were also sought on the presidential campaign, including campaign spending, length of the campaign season, and media coverage, as well as respondents' preferred voting methods and their voter registration history. Several questions asked about the Whitewater inquiry, foreign campaign contributions accepted by the Democratic Party, and how the next administration should handle issues such as education and crime. Others topics addressed feelings about the federal government, the federal budget deficit, taxes, Social Security, holiday spending, crime in the respondent's community, and whether the United States had a responsibility to provide military assistance around the world. Information was also collected on whether respondents had contacted their member of Congress in the past two years, whether they had lived in the same community for the past two years, and how often they watched comedians on late-night television. Demographic variables include sex, race, age, household income, education level, political party affiliation, political philosophy, voter participation history and registration status, and type of residential area (e.g., urban or rural).
Curated
CBS News Monthly Poll #5, October 2008 (ICPSR 26828)
Released/updated on: 2009-12-14
Geographic coverage: United States
This poll, fielded October 31 to November 2, 2008, is a part of a continuing series of monthly surveys that solicit public opinion on the presidency and on a range of other political and social issues. This poll interviewed 1,051 adults nationwide, including 952 registered voters. Respondents were asked whether they approved of the way George W. Bush was handling the presidency, whether the country was moving in the right direction, and about the condition of the national economy. Registered voters were asked how much attention they were paying to the 2008 presidential campaign, whether they had voted in a Democratic or Republican primary or caucus in their state, the likelihood that they would vote in the general election, which presidential candidate they would vote for, and whether they planned to vote in person on election day, by mail or absentee ballot, or at an early voting location before election day. Those who had already voted were asked which presidential candidate they had voted for. Views were also sought on presidential candidates Barack Obama and John McCain and vice-presidential candidates Joe Biden and Sarah Palin. Other questions addressed the respondent's financial situation compared to four years ago, how long they had lived at their current residence, and whether a person's race affected their chances of getting ahead in today's society. Demographic variables include sex, age, race, education level, marital status, household income, political party affiliation, political philosophy, voter registration status and participation history, military service, religious preference, and whether respondents considered themselves to be a born-again Christian.
Curated
CBS News Monthly Poll and Call-Back Poll, November 2008 (ICPSR 26830)
Released/updated on: 2009-12-14
Geographic coverage: United States
This special topic poll is part of a continuing series of monthly surveys that solicits public opinion on the presidency and on a range of other political and social issues. This data collection polled respondents on their opinions before and after the 2008 presidential election held on November 4, 2008. In the original poll, fielded October 30-November 3, 2008, respondents were asked whether they approved of the way George W. Bush was handling the presidency, whether their family was financially better off compared to four years ago, and whether a person's race affected their chances of getting ahead in today's society. Those who were registered to vote were asked about how much attention they were paying to the 2008 presidential campaign, their opinions of the presidential and vice-presidential candidates, whether they had voted in a Democratic or Republican primary or caucus that year, the likelihood that they would vote in the general election and for whom, and whether they planned to vote in person on election day, by mail or absentee ballot, or at an early voting location. Other questions addressed respondent's willingness to participate in an exit poll or post-election telephone survey. After the election, 1,220 adults were re-interviewed in a call-back poll conducted November 7-10, 2008. Respondents who had voted were asked who they had voted for, when they had finally decided on a candidate, the main reason they chose that candidate, which voting method they used, how long they had waited in line to vote, and whether they were contacted by a presidential campaign. Those who did not vote were asked about the main reason they did not vote. All respondents in the call-back poll were asked whether progress had been made against racial discrimination since the 1960s, whether they were pleased with the outcome of the election, and their views on the upcoming Obama presidency. Demographic variables include sex, age, race, education level, marital status, household income, political party affiliation, political philosophy, voter registration status and participation history, length of time at current residence, military service, religious preference, and whether respondents considered themselves to be a born-again Christian.
Curated
CBS News Monthly Poll, August 2004 (ICPSR 4155)
Released/updated on: 2005-02-18
Geographic coverage: United States
This poll is part of a continuing series of monthly surveys that solicit public opinion on the presidency and on a range of other political and social issues. Respondents were asked to give their opinions of the 2004 presidential campaign, including whom they likely would vote for and their level of support for that candidate. Questions were also posed regarding candidates' handling of or ability to handle current issues, such as foreign policy, the economy, and the situation in Iraq. Opinions of other national figures -- e.g., Rudolph Giuliani, John McCain, and Arnold Schwarzenegger -- were solicited as well. Additional survey questions queried respondents' perceptions of the state of the economy, the war on terrorism, stem cell research, and government-issued warnings of potential terrorist attacks. Background information includes voter registration status, political party leanings, sex, religious preference, education, age, ethnicity, and income.
Curated
CBS News Monthly Poll, August 2009 (ICPSR 27803)
Released/updated on: 2010-12-06
Geographic coverage: United States
This poll, fielded August 27-31, 2009, is part of a continuing series of monthly surveys that solicit public opinion on the presidency and on a range of other political and social issues. Respondents were asked whether they approved of the way Barack Obama was handling the presidency, foreign policy, the situation in Afghanistan, health care, and the economy. Respondents were asked if they thought things in the country were on the right track, their rating of the national economy, and whether they thought the economy would get better. Respondents were also asked questions about the economic recession, including how long they thought it would last, the advisability of the federal government spending money to stimulate the national economy, whether it was acceptable to raise the deficit to create jobs and stimulate growth, and whether the federal budget deficit affected the respondent's family's financial situation. Several questions addressed health care, including whether respondents thought our health care system worked well, whether Medicare worked well, and whether the government would do a better job than private health care companies in keeping health care costs down and providing medical coverage. Respondents were also asked their opinions on the health insurance industry, whether they believed in the possibility of expanding health care coverage without increasing budget deficits or taxes on the middle class, whether Barack Obama or the Republicans in Congress had better ideas about reforming the health care system, and whether they understood the health care reforms Congress was considering. Information was collected on how respondents thought health care reforms under consideration in Congress would affect the middle class, senior citizens, small businesses, the respondent personally, their health care costs, and the quality of health care. Additional topics that were covered included the pullout of troops from Iraq, major credit cards, credit card debt, how the federal government should use taxpayer's money, how to handle the deficit, personal finances, the best way to discourage obesity, and job security. Demographic variables include sex, age, race, marital status, education level, household income, political party affiliation, political philosophy, perceived social class, religious preference, and voter registration status and participation history.
Curated
CBS News Monthly Poll, December 2008 (ICPSR 26831)
Released/updated on: 2010-04-08
Geographic coverage: United States
This poll, fielded December 4-8, 2008, is a part of a continuing series of monthly surveys that solicits public opinion on the presidency and on a range of other political and social issues. Opinions were sought on how well George W. Bush was handling the presidency, whether things in the country were on the right track, respondents' rating of the condition of the economy, and whether they thought the economy was getting better or worse. Respondents were asked their opinions of Barack Obama, Joe Biden, Hillary Clinton, and Michelle Obama. Several questions also addressed the Obama Administration including how confident respondents were in Barack Obama's ability to make the right decisions regarding the country, whether respondents felt optimistic about the next four years with Barack Obama as president, and whether respondents approved of Obama's cabinet selections and his nomination of Hillary Clinton as secretary of state. Respondents were asked their opinions about how well things were going for the United States' efforts to restore order to Iraq, how well they thought the war in Afghanistan was going for the United States, and the likelihood that there would be another terrorist attack in the United States within a few months. Other questions addressed whether respondents approved of the federal government providing financial assistance to banks and other financial institutions, the big three auto makers, and homeowners in attempts to improve the economy. Respondents were also asked whether the government should have a say on how the auto companies are managed, whether the government should require the auto makers to build more cars that use alternative fuels if they received financial aid, and whether or not the auto makers going out of business would have a major impact on the nation's economy. Other topics included the housing market, the job market, job security, and respondents' personal finances. Demographic variables include sex, age, race, education level, marital status, political party affiliation, political philosophy, household income, voter registration status and participation history, and religious preference.
Curated
CBS News Monthly Poll, February 2009 (ICPSR 26943)
Released/updated on: 2010-03-02
Geographic coverage: United States
This special topic poll is part of a continuing series of monthly surveys that solicits public opinion on the presidency and on a range of other political and social issues. In this poll, fielded February 2-4, 2009, respondents were asked whether they approved of the way Barack Obama was handling the presidency, foreign policy, the economy, and the campaign against terrorism. Opinions were collected about whether the country was going in the right direction, whether the condition of the economy was good, how long the recession would last, and what could be done to get the United States out of the recession. Respondents were asked their opinions of Speaker of the House Nancy Pelosi, Democrats in Congress, Republicans in Congress, and Congress as a whole. Several questions were asked about coal including questions that asked respondents whether they would approve of building plants that were powered by coal to generate electricity, whether it was a good idea to use coal to generate electricity, whether they thought doing so would contribute to global warming, whether they knew of any companies using technology to generate electricity from coal in a way that does not contribute to global warming, respondent's definition of "clean coal," and whether advertisements about "clean coal" technology had changed their opinion of whether it was possible to use coal to generate electricity in a way that was less likely to contribute to global warming. Other questions asked about the economic stimulus plan, how closely respondents had been following news about it, whether they approved of the federal government passing an economic stimulus bill, whether the bill would shorten the recession, and whether it was okay for the Democrats to pass the bill without the support of the Republicans in Congress. Additional topics addressed closing the United States prison in Guantanamo Bay, Cuba, abortion, job security, global warming, the concept of "nature versus nurture," and where people obtain their sense of morality. Demographic variables include sex, age, race, education level, marital status, household income, political party affiliation, political philosophy, voter registration status and participation history, religious preference, religious service attendance, and whether respondents considered themselves to be a born-again Christian.
Curated
CBS News Monthly Poll, June 2003 (ICPSR 3828)
Released/updated on: 2009-04-29
Geographic coverage: United States
This poll conducted, June 12-13, 2003, is part of a continuing series of monthly polls that solicit opinions on political and social issues. Respondents were asked to give their opinions of President George W. Bush and his overall job performance, his ability to do something to establish peace in the Middle East, United States involvement in Iraq, former President Bill Clinton, and Senator Hillary Rodham Clinton. Questions involving the United States involvement in Iraq addressed whether removing Iraqi leader Saddam Hussein from power was worth the human and economic costs, whether it mattered if Saddam Hussein were found, whether the Bush administration over-, under-, or accurately estimated the number of weapons of mass destruction present in Iraq, whether the Bush administration exaggerated the number of weapons of mass destruction in Iraq in order to garner support for military action, whether the Central Intelligence Agency over-, under-, or accurately estimated the number of weapons of mass destruction present in Iraq, respondents' level of confidence that the United States would find weapons of mass destruction in Iraq, whether it mattered if weapons of mass destruction were found in Iraq, and whether Iraq was an immediate threat, a threat but did not require immediate action, or not a threat. Views were sought on Senator Hillary Rodham Clinton from New York. Respondents were queried on whether they had a favorable or unfavorable opinion of Senator Clinton, what they liked about her, what they disliked about her, whether their opinions of Senator Clinton were more based on their agreement with her political views or their feelings about her personal life, Senator Clinton's performance as first lady, her performance as a senator, her performance as a mother, whether Senator Clinton was a good role model for professional women, and whether she was a good role model for wives. Respondents were asked whether they would describe Senator Clinton as possessing high or average intelligence, whether they felt she had worked hard to attain her position in life, whether she exhibited more or less honesty and integrity than most people in public life, whether she cared about the needs and concerns of the respondents, whether she showed strong leadership qualities, whether they would have confidence in Senator Clinton in a crisis situation, and whether she said what she believed or what people wanted to hear. In addition, respondents were polled on whether they agreed with Senator Clinton's political views, regardless of their personal feelings toward her, whether they read or knew of her most recent book "Living History," whether they believed her statements about her reaction to the relationship between former President Clinton and Monica Lewinsky, whether Senator Clinton was hiding something the public should know, whether she would run for president of the United States in 2004 or 2008, whether she should run for president of the United States in 2004 or 2008, and who would run the White House, she or former President Clinton, if she were elected president. Additional questions addressed whether respondents considered themselves part of the conservative Christian political movement, also known as the religious right, and whether respondents were registered to vote in the precincts or districts where they resided. Background variables include age, sex, ethnicity, education, political orientation, political ideology, marital status, religious orientation, household income, whether the respondent voted in the 2000 presidential election, and if so, for whom (Democrat Al Gore, Republican George W. Bush, Reform Party candidate Pat Buchanan, or Green Party candidate Ralph Nader).
Curated
CBS News/MTV Monthly Poll, April 2008 (ICPSR 26147)
Released/updated on: 2009-10-12
Geographic coverage: United States
This special topic poll, fielded April 10-15, 2008, is a part of a continuing series of monthly surveys that solicit public opinion on the presidency and on a range of other political and social issues. The focus of this data collection was the opinions of adults 18 to 29 years of age on the 2008 presidential election and other issues. Respondents were asked about the most important issue facing their generation at the present time and twenty years into the future, whether the country was moving in the right direction, the condition of the national economy, and job opportunities for people in their generation. Views were sought on the 2008 presidential campaign, differences between the Democratic and Republican parties, the amount of influence their generation would have in deciding the next president, the most important issues in their vote, their opinions of the presidential candidates, whether the 2008 campaign focused too much on the candidate's race and gender, and whether African Americans or women faced more obstacles as candidates for president and in everyday life in America. Information was collected on whether respondents had already registered or planned to register to vote in the 2008 general election, whether they planned to or had already voted in a Democratic or Republican primary or caucus in their state, for whom they would vote for if the general election were held that day, whether they had been personally contacted by a political campaign and asked to register to vote, and whether they had ever been involved in a political campaign. A series of questions asked respondents how they got their information about politics, their use of social networking sites such as Facebook, MySpace, and Friendster, and whether they had ever visited a political or campaign Web site, watched a political video or campaign advertisement on a video Web site like YouTube, and had ever posted anything about politics on the internet, such as in a blog or chat room. Additional topics addressed the Iraq war, how much impact MTV could have in raising awareness among young people about political issues, and whether respondents were familiar with MTV's "Choose or Lose" campaign. Demographic variables include sex, age, race, education level, marital status, whether respondents had children under 18 years of age, household income, political party affiliation, political philosophy, voter registration status and participation history, religious preference, and whether respondents considered themselves to be a born-again Christian.
Curated
CBS News National Poll, June #1, 2011 (ICPSR 33965)
Released/updated on: 2012-05-25
Geographic coverage: United States
This poll, fielded June 3-7, 2011, is part of a continuing series of monthly surveys that solicits public opinion on the presidency and on a range of other political and social issues. Respondents were asked whether they approved of the way Barack Obama was handling his job as president, foreign policy, the economy, the situation with Afghanistan, the threat of terrorism, and the federal budget deficit. Respondents were also asked whether they approved of Congress, about the condition of the economy, and whether things in the country were on the right track. Opinions were sought on the severity of the federal budget deficit, overall approval of the Republican and Democratic parties, whether Barack Obama and the Republicans in Congress have spent enough time on important issues, the handling of the federal budget deficit by the Republicans and Democrats in Congress, and the United States' presence in Libya and Afghanistan. Multiple questions addressed the 2012 Republican presidential candidates including respondents' overall opinions of several of the candidates. Further questions asked for respondents' opinions on the debt ceiling debate, including the potential effects of reducing the deficit on the number of jobs, making changes to Medicare, Social Security, and increasing taxes, the probability of a stock market downturn if the debt ceiling was not raised, whether spending cuts should be included in talks of raising the debt ceiling, and whether the debate in Washington about the debt ceiling is mostly about honest disagreements about economic policy or political gain. Additional topics include health care law, Medicare, the regional job and housing markets, the respondents' selection of the most important issues, voter participation, as well as knowledge of and relationship to an individual killed in the September 11, 2001 terrorist attack. Demographic variables include sex, age, race, education level, household income, religious preference, type of residential area (e.g., urban or rural), whether respondents thought of themselves as born-again Christians, marital status, employment status, number of children, number of people in the household between the ages of 18 and 29 years old, political party affiliation, political philosophy, and voter registration status.
Curated
CBS News National Poll, June #2, 2011 (ICPSR 33966)
Released/updated on: 2012-06-11
Geographic coverage: United States
This poll, fielded June 17-20, 2011, is part of a continuing series of monthly surveys that solicits public opinion on the presidency and on a range of other political and social issues. Respondents were asked whether they approved of the way Barack Obama was handling his job as president and whether things in the country were on the right track. Multiple questions addressed the 2012 Republican presidential candidates including respondents' overall opinions toward several of the candidates. Additional topics included gay marriage, NASA, sunscreen use, holidays, seasons, summer activities, cyber-attacks, Mormonism, psychiatric visits, drug use among athletes, television, fictional characters, the Statue of Liberty, Pippa Middleton, Osama bin Laden, health, as well as knowledge of and relationship to an individual killed in the September 11, 2001 terrorist attack. Demographic variables include sex, age, race, education level, household income, religious preference, type of residential area (e.g., urban or rural), whether respondents thought of themselves as born-again Christians, marital status, employment status, number of children, number of people in household between the ages of 18 and 29 years old, political party affiliation, political philosophy, and voter registration status.
Curated
Simple Crosstabs
CBS News National Poll, October #2, 2012 (ICPSR 34653)
Released/updated on: 2013-07-10
Geographic coverage: United States
This poll, the second of three fielded October 2012, is a part of a continuing series of monthly surveys that solicits public opinion on a range of political and social issues. A number of questions were asked about respondents' voting intentions for and opinions of the 2012 presidential campaign and election. Respondents were also asked if they approved of the way Barack Obama was handling the presidency, whether the country was headed in the right direction, and if the United States was more powerful as a world leader than ten years ago. Additional topics included the condition of the economy, the recent economic expansion of China, the war in Afghanistan, Iran, attacks on American embassies and consulates in the Middle East, and the killing of the United States ambassador in Libya. Demographic information includes sex, age, race, marital status, household composition, education level, household income, religious preference, type of residential area (e.g., urban or rural), political party affiliation, political philosophy, voting history, voter registration status, and whether respondents thought of themselves as born-again Christians.
Curated
CBS News/New York Times/60 Minutes/Vanity Fair National Survey, February #2, 2011 (ICPSR 33486)
Released/updated on: 2012-05-23
Geographic coverage: United States
This poll, fielded February 24-27, 2011 is a part of a continuing series of monthly surveys that solicits public opinion on a range of political and social issues. Respondents were asked for their opinions on labor unions, the power of labor unions, and whether they or someone in their household was a member of a labor union. Respondents were also asked about state budget deficits, tax increases, loss of government programs and services, public employee salaries and benefits, police officers and firefighter retirements, teacher retirements, and whether the country was making positive progress. Additional topics included family financial status, rags to riches chances, quality of opportunities for success, concealed weapons, the Tea Party movement, voter registration status and voting participation, the September 11th attack, public employee benefits, collective bargaining rights, back pain, and allergies. Demographic information includes sex, age, race, marital status, education level, household income, employment status, religious preference, type of residential area (e.g., urban or rural), political party affiliation, political philosophy, and whether respondents thought of themselves as born-again Christians.
Curated
CBS News/New York Times Call-Back Poll, October 2008 (ICPSR 26823)
Released/updated on: 2010-03-16
Geographic coverage: United States
This call-back poll, fielded October 17-19, 2008, is a part of a continuing series of monthly surveys that solicit public opinion on the presidency and on a range of other political and social issues. This call-back poll reinterviewed 518 respondents who had participated in a CBS News poll conducted September 21-24, 2008. This dataset contains responses to the call-back questions as well as to questions in the original poll, which asked how much attention respondents were paying to the 2008 presidential campaign, their opinions of the candidates, their vote in the primaries, the likelihood that they would vote for president in the general election, for whom they would vote if the election were held that day, and the effect of the vice-presidential candidates on their vote. Additional questions asked about the condition of the national economy, respondent's personal finances, and whether the federal government should provide financial help to homeowners who were having trouble repaying their mortgages. In the call-back poll, respondents were reinterviewed about how much attention they were paying to the 2008 presidential campaign, their opinions of the candidates, the likelihood that they would vote in the presidential election, the effect of the presidential debates and the vice-presidential candidates on their vote, whether their opinions of the candidates had changed since the last poll, and if so, why they had changed their mind. Those who had already voted in the presidential election were asked for whom they had voted. Views were also sought on the condition of the national economy. Demographic variables include sex, age, race, education level, marital status, household income, employment status, political party affiliation, political philosophy, voter registration status and participation history, religious preference, frequency of religious attendance, whether respondents considered themselves to be a born-again Christian, and whether a child under 18 years of age was living in the household.
Curated
Simple Crosstabs
CBS News/New York Times Callback Survey, November #1, 2012 (ICPSR 34685)
Released/updated on: 2014-05-08
Geographic coverage: United States
This poll, the first of two fielded November 2012, is part of a continuing series of monthly surveys that solicits public opinion on a range of political and social issues. Respondents were asked a variety of questions on topics such as preferences pertaining to the 2012 general election, presidential performance, potential candidate performance concerning current events and issues both domestic and foreign, national security, unemployment, and the economy. Those chosen were also queried with respect to their individual voting preferences, self-reported partisanship, likelihood of voting in the upcoming 2012 election, and voting history with respect to the 2008 general election. Demographic information includes sex, age, race, marital status, education level, household income, employment status, religious preference, type of residential area (e.g., urban or rural), number of children in household, political party affiliation, political philosophy, and whether respondents thought of themselves as born-again Christians.
Curated
CBS News/New York Times Iowa Caucus Poll, November 2007 (ICPSR 24361)
Released/updated on: 2009-02-18
Geographic coverage: Iowa, United States
This poll, fielded November 02-11, 2007, is a part of a continuing series of monthly surveys that solicit public opinion on the presidency and on a range of other political and social issues. All of the respondents to this poll were registered voters from Iowa. Respondents were asked whether they approved of the way George W. Bush was handling his job as president, whether George W. Bush's presidency had been a success, and whether they wanted to see a continuation of Bush's policies. Several questions pertaining to the 2008 presidential campaign were asked including how much attention respondents paid to the campaign, whether they attended any campaign events, whether respondents planned on attending the Iowa presidential caucus, and if so, whether they planned on attending the Democratic party caucus or the Republican party caucus. Respondents were asked their opinions of presidential candidates Hillary Clinton, John Edwards, Barack Obama, Bill Richardson, Joe Biden, Mike Gravel, Dennis Kucinich, John McCain, Mitt Romney, Rudy Giuliani, Fred Thompson, Mike Huckabee, Duncan Hunter, Ron Paul, and Tom Tancredo. Respondents were asked several questions about the presidential candidates including who they supported, why they supported that specific candidate, which candidate they thought was interesting, which candidate they thought had the best chance of winning, whether they thought each candidate shared the same values of most people in Iowa, whether each candidate said what they believed in, and whether the candidates talked enough about important issues facing the country. Information was also collected on the presence of firearms in the respondent's home and whether the respondent considered him or herself to be a born-again Christian. Additional topics that were addressed in this poll included illegal immigration, Social Security, United States involvement in Iraq, terrorism, and abortion. Demographic information includes sex, age, race, education level, household income, marital status, religious preference, frequency of religious attendance, type of residential area (e.g., urban or rural), political party affiliation, political philosophy, voter registration status and participation history, the presence of children under 18, and labor union member status.
Curated
CBS News/New York Times Monthly Poll #1, October 1990 (ICPSR 9615)
Released/updated on: 2010-03-31
Geographic coverage: United States
Time period: 1990-10-08--1990-10-10
This data collection is part of a continuing series of monthly surveys that evaluate the Bush presidency and solicit opinions on a variety of political and social issues. Demographic information collected includes sex, age, race, education, family income, religion, ethnicity, political orientation, party preference, and voting behavior. Specific topics covered in this survey include foreign policy, the economy and the recession, the federal budget deficit, Dan Quayle, state election campaigns, voter registration status, party preference in the 1990 election for United States House of Representatives, likelihood of voting in the 1990 elections for Congress, and term limits for members of Congress. Other areas on which respondents' opinions were sought include the savings and loan crisis, whether the interests of the government and Congress were self-serving or beneficial to all, re-election of respondent's representative and members of Congress, Democratic vs. Republican control of the White House and House of Representatives, the Cold War, whether the Soviet Union and Germany were peace-loving or aggressive, Iraq's invasion of Kuwait and the response of the United States, female reporters in professional sports team locker rooms, and major league baseball. A series of items focusing on marriage included whether divorce or constant domestic arguments were more harmful to children, respondent's marital status, likelihood of remarriage if divorced, initiating party in divorce, divorce vs. keeping the marriage together, quality of communication and trust in marriage, and whether the respondent would marry the same person again.
Curated
CBS News/New York Times Monthly Poll #1, October 2008 (ICPSR 26822)
Released/updated on: 2010-02-18
Geographic coverage: United States
This poll, fielded October 10-13, 2008, is a part of a continuing series of monthly surveys that solicit public opinion on the presidency and on a range of other political and social issues. This poll interviewed 1,070 adults nationwide, including 972 registered voters, about the way George W. Bush was handling the presidency and the economy, the condition of the national economy, and whether the country was moving in the right direction. Registered voters were asked how much attention they were paying to the 2008 presidential campaign, whether they had voted in a presidential primary or caucus that year, the likelihood that they would vote in the general election, and for whom they would vote if the general election were held that day. Views were sought on presidential candidates Barack Obama and John McCain, vice-presidential candidates Joe Biden and Sarah Palin, the Democratic and Republican parties, and members of the United States Congress. A series of questions asked whether their opinions of the presidential candidates had changed in the past few weeks and whether anything about the candidates' background bothered them, including Obama's alleged association with Bill Ayers, a former member of the radical domestic group called the Weathermen, and McCain's involvement as one of the five senators known as the Keating Five in the savings and loan controversy in the late 1980s and early 1990s. All respondents were polled on whether they had watched the second presidential debate held October 7, 2008, who they thought won, and the likelihood that they would watch the next presidential debate on October 15, 2008. Additional topics addressed feelings about the economic bailout plan, concerns about job loss in the household, and whether their household income was sufficient to pay their bills. Those with a mortgage on their home were asked how concerned they were about not being able to pay it. Demographic variables include sex, age, race, education level, marital status, household income, perceived social class, political party affiliation, political philosophy, voter registration status and participation history, religious preference, frequency of religious attendance, and whether respondents considered themselves to be a born-again Christian, and whether a child under 18 was living in the household.
Curated
CBS News/New York Times Monthly Poll #3, October 2008 (ICPSR 26824)
Released/updated on: 2010-01-25
Geographic coverage: United States
This poll, fielded October 17-19, 2008, is a part of a continuing series of monthly surveys that solicit public opinion on the presidency and on a range of other political and social issues. This poll interviewed 1,152 adults nationwide, including 1,046 registered voters, about the way George W. Bush was handling the presidency, whether the country was moving in the right direction, and the condition of the national economy. Registered voters were asked how much attention they were paying to the 2008 presidential campaign, whether they had voted in a presidential primary or caucus that year, the likelihood that they would vote in the general election, and whether they planned to vote in person on election day, by mail or absentee ballot, or at an early voting location. Views were sought on presidential candidates Barack Obama and John McCain, the spouses of the presidential candidates, Michelle Obama and Cindy McCain, vice-presidential candidates Joe Biden and Sarah Palin, and former Secretary of State Colin Powell. Respondents were asked which presidential candidate they would vote for if the general election were held that day, which candidate they expected to win, and whether they knew anyone who supported or opposed Obama because of his race. Those who had already voted were asked which presidential candidate they had voted for. A series of questions asked for opinions of the Democratic and Republican parties, how well the United States Congress and the respondent's own representative were doing their jobs, and whether they would vote for the Democratic or Republican candidate from their district if the United States House of Representatives election were held that day. Additional topics addressed the economic bailout plan, personal finances, temporary tax cuts passed in 2001, and whether income taxes should be raised on households making over $250,000 a year to pay for health insurance for those without it. Demographic variables include sex, age, race, education level, marital status, household income, perceived social class, political party affiliation, political philosophy, voter registration status and participation history, military service, religious preference, frequency of religious attendance, whether respondents considered themselves to be a born-again Christian, and whether a child under 18 years of age was living in the household.
Curated
CBS News/New York Times Monthly Poll #4, October 2008 (ICPSR 26825)
Released/updated on: 2010-01-04
Geographic coverage: United States
This poll, fielded October 25-29, 2008, is a part of a continuing series of monthly surveys that solicit public opinion on the presidency and on a range of other political and social issues. This poll interviewed 1,439 adults nationwide, including 1,308 registered voters, about the way George W. Bush was handling the presidency, their financial situation compared to four years ago, whether the country was moving in the right direction, and the condition of the national economy. Registered voters were asked how much attention they were paying to the 2008 presidential campaign, whether they had voted in a Democratic or Republican primary or caucus that year, the likelihood that they would vote in the general election, for which presidential candidate they would vote, and whether they planned to vote in person on election day, by mail or absentee ballot, or at an early voting location. Those who had already voted were asked which presidential candidate they had voted for. Views were sought on presidential candidates Barack Obama and John McCain, vice-presidential candidates Joe Biden and Sarah Palin, and whether the presidential candidates' choices for vice president would affect their vote. Respondents were also asked whether they had seen television commercials for the candidates, whether most people they knew would vote for a Black president, and whether race affected a person's chances of getting ahead in society. Additional topics addressed the Iraq war, how well the United States Congress and respondent's own representative were doing their jobs, which political party held a majority in the United States House of Representatives, and whether respondents would vote for the Democratic or Republican candidate from their district in the upcoming election. Demographic variables include sex, age, race, education level, marital status, household income, perceived social class, political party affiliation, political philosophy, voter registration status and participation history, military service, religious preference, frequency of religious attendance, and whether respondents considered themselves to be a born-again Christian, and whether they had a child under 18 living in the household.
Curated
CBS News/New York Times Monthly Poll, February 1996 (ICPSR 2299)
Released/updated on: 2008-09-11
Geographic coverage: United States
This poll, conducted February 22-24, 1996, is part of a continuing series of monthly surveys that solicit public opinion on the presidency and on a range of other political and social issues. Respondents of this poll were asked about their opinions of President Bill Clinton and his handling of the presidency, foreign policy, the economy, and the situation in Bosnia. Respondents were also asked to give their opinions about presidential candidates Bob Dole, Pat Buchanan, Lamar Alexander, and Steve Forbes. Respondents were asked for whom they would vote if the 1996 presidential and United States House of Representatives election were being held that day, which candidate they felt cared most about people's needs and problems, and whether each candidate had the ability to be an effective president. A series of questions addressed issues pertaining to Social Security benefits including whether respondents thought the Social Security system would have money available to provide benefits to them when they retire, whether Social Security taxes should be increased, whether Social Security benefits should be reduced for individuals with higher incomes, and whether some of the Social Security trust fund should be invested in the stock market. A series of questions asked respondents with children between the ages of 2 and 12 about the amount of time their child spent watching cable television, video tapes, using a personal computer, and playing video games the previous day. Additional questions in this poll addressed the condition of the national economy, abortion, homosexuals and homosexual relationships, organized prayer in public schools, immigration, the sale of pornography and handguns, and United States trade. Demographic variables include sex, race, age, household income, education level, the presence of children and teenagers in the household, marital status, religious preference, whether or not respondents considered themselves to be born-again Christians, political party affiliation, type of residential area (e.g., urban or rural), political party affiliation, voter participation history and registration status, and political philosophy.
Curated
CBS News/New York Times Monthly Poll, January 2009 (ICPSR 26942)
Released/updated on: 2010-03-02
Geographic coverage: United States
This special topic poll is part of a continuing series of monthly surveys that solicits public opinion on the presidency and on a range of other political and social issues. In this poll, fielded January 11-15, 2009, respondents were asked whether they approved of the way George W. Bush handled his job as president, the situation with Iraq, the campaign against terrorism, and the economy during his eight years in office. Respondents were asked their opinions about Barack Obama, their predictions about what kind of president he was going to be, how confident respondents were in his abilities to make the right decisions about the economy and things relating to the war in Iraq, and whether respondents thought Obama was going to create new jobs, cut taxes, and improve the economy during his term as president. Several questions addressed Obama's Cabinet selections and whether his administration would make progress in providing affordable health care, ending the war in Iraq, and fixing the nation's economy. Respondents were also asked their opinions of Joe Biden, Michelle Obama, and Dick Cheney. Information about respondents' personal financial situation was also collected including the biggest financial concern facing them, how respondents rated their own financial state, how concerned they were about paying their housing costs, how much the decline in home values had affected them, whether their household income was enough to meet their bills and obligations, whether they felt secure about their household's financial future, whether they would be able to make payments on a large purchase, whether they have had to postpone making a major purchase due to the economy, and whether any long term plans have changed for them and their families as a result of the economy. Respondents were also polled on whether the country was going in the right direction, whether the condition of the economy was good, what they thought was the most important problem facing the country, and how they viewed the country compared to five years previously and five years into the future. Additional topics addressed stock market investments, job security, whether homosexuals should serve in the military, the economics stimulus package, the United States military prison in Guantanamo Bay, whether the United States should increase the number of troops in Iraq and Afghanistan, the legalization of marijuana, whether American or foreign automakers produced better quality vehicles, whether the federal government should provide national health insurance, whether there were more advantages to being a man or a woman in society, and whether respondents approved of premarital sex and homosexual relations. Demographic variables include sex, age, race, education level, marital status, household income, political party affiliation, political philosophy, voter registration status and participation history, employment status, perceived social class, whether there were children under the age of 18 living with the respondent, whether respondents owned their home, religious preference, and whether respondents considered themselves to be a born-again Christian.
Curated
CBS News/New York Times Monthly Poll, September 2004 (ICPSR 4163)
Released/updated on: 2005-05-12
Geographic coverage: United States
This poll is part of a continuing series of monthly surveys that solicit public opinion on the presidency and on a range of other political and social issues. Respondents were asked to give their opinions of the 2004 presidential campaign, including for whom they would likely vote -- George W. Bush, John Kerry, or Ralph Nader -- and their level of support for that candidate. Questions were also posed regarding candidates' handling of or ability to handle current issues, such as the campaign against terrorism, the economy, and the situation in Iraq. Additional survey questions queried respondents' perceptions of the state of the economy, Iraqi leader Saddam Hussein's role in the September 11, 2001, terrorist attacks, and the Swift Boat Veterans group advertisements. Background information includes voter registration status, political party leanings, labor union affiliation, urbanicity, frequency of religious participation, sex, religion, social class, education, age, ethnicity, marital status, length of time lived at current address, political ideology, whether the respondent voted in the 2000 or 2002 elections, and income.
Curated
Simple Crosstabs
CBS News/New York Times National Poll, August #1, 2011 (ICPSR 34467)
Released/updated on: 2012-12-18
Geographic coverage: United States
This poll, fielded August 2011, and the first of four, is part of a continuing series of monthly surveys that solicit public opinion on a range of political and social issues. Respondents were asked how well Barack Obama was handling the presidency, the economy, and whether he showed strong leadership qualities during the debt ceiling negotiations. Respondents were also asked for their opinions on how the Republicans and the Democrats in Congress have handled negotiations on the debt ceiling, whether members of Congress deserve re-election, and how they felt about the ability of Congress to address issues affecting the country. Further information was collected regarding the debt ceiling negotiations, including whether respondents were relieved that a debt ceiling agreement had been reached, whether respondents felt the measures in the debt ceiling agreement would improve the economy, and whether the negotiations had impacted the image of the United States throughout the world. Additional topics included John Boehner's job performance, the national economy, raising taxes, whether the government should prioritize spending cuts vs. job creation, the Tea Party movement, and the amount of influence the Tea Party movement has within the Republican Party. Demographic information includes sex, age, race, marital status, education level, household income, religious preference, type of residential area (e.g., urban or rural), political party affiliation, political philosophy, and voter registration status.
Curated
Simple Crosstabs
CBS News/New York Times National Poll, February #1, 2012 (ICPSR 34576)
Released/updated on: 2013-04-12
Geographic coverage: United States
This poll, fielded February, 2012, and the first of two, is part of a continuing series of monthly surveys that solicits public opinion on a range of political and social issues. Respondents were asked whether they approved of the way Barack Obama was handling his job as president, foreign policy, the economy, the situation in Afghanistan, job creation, and the federal budget deficit. Respondents were also asked whether they approved of Congress, about the condition of the economy, and whether things in the country were on the right track. Multiple questions addressed the 2012 Republican presidential candidates, including respondents' overall opinions of several of the candidates and their policies. Respondents were asked what issues and qualities were most important in deciding who to support for the Republican nomination, what topics they would like to hear them discuss, as well as the Tea Party movement and the amount of influence they have in the Republican Party. Additionally, respondents were questioned whether they voted in the 2008 presidential election and who they voted for, whether they voted or plan to vote in a Democratic or Republican 2012 primary or caucus, their first and second choice for the 2012 Republican nomination for president, which candidate would have the best chance of winning against Barack Obama, and who they would vote for in the 2012 presidential election. Other topics include the housing market, the federal budget deficit, birth control, same-sex marriage, and illegal immigrants. Demographic variables include sex, age, race, education level, household income, religious preference, type of residential area (e.g., urban or rural), whether respondents thought of themselves as born-again Christians, marital status, number of people in the household between the ages of 18 and 29, political party affiliation, political philosophy, and voter registration status.
Curated
Simple Crosstabs
CBS News/New York Times National Poll, March #1, 2012 (ICPSR 34600)
Released/updated on: 2013-04-16
Geographic coverage: United States
This poll, fielded March, 2012, and the first of two, is part of a continuing series of monthly surveys that solicits public opinion on a range of political and social issues. Respondents were asked whether they approved of the way Barack Obama was handling his job as president, foreign policy, the economy, and the situation with Iran. Respondents were also asked about the condition of the economy, and whether things in the country were on the right track. Multiple questions addressed the 2012 Republican presidential candidates, including respondents' overall opinions of several of the candidates and their views, as well as their confidence in each candidate's ability to make the right decisions about the economy and health care, and ability to be an effective commander-in-chief of the nation's military. Further questions asked what issues and qualities were most important in deciding who to support for the Republican nomination, what topics they would like to hear the candidates discuss, and which candidate would have the best chance of winning against Barack Obama. Other topics include Iran, birth control, and gasoline. Demographic variables include sex, age, race, education level, household income, social class, employment status, religious preference and participation, type of residential area (e.g., urban or rural), whether respondents thought of themselves as born-again Christians, marital status, household composition, political party affiliation, political philosophy, voter registration status, voting behavior, and the number of phones in their household.
Curated
Simple Crosstabs
CBS News/New York Times New York City Poll, August #1, 2012 (ICPSR 34633)
Released/updated on: 2013-05-24
Geographic coverage: New York City, United States, New York (state)
This poll, the first of two fielded August 2012, is part of a continuing series of monthly surveys that solicits public opinion on a range of political and social issues. Respondents were asked their opinion of Mayor Michael Bloomberg's job performance, his amendment of mayor term limits, and whether they approved his handling of crime in the city. Data were collected on general aspects of respondents' lives in New York City, including opinions on their long range view of the city's livability, the city's economy, the city's most important issue, whether they had plans to relocate, whether they held a good or bad image of the city, and who they voted for mayor in 2009. Further opinions were solicited on the state of New York City police and law enforcement, including views on the "stop and frisk" tactic, ethnic group targeting, and whether they approved of Ray Kelly's job performance as New York City Police Commissioner. Questions were also raised on the bicycle lane, bike sharing program and respondents' bicycle riding frequency. Furthermore, respondents were asked about the Barclays Center in Brooklyn, whether they favored the new arena, and how frequently they would attend games. They were also queried on their eating habits, including frequency of dinner in restaurants, the cost at the restaurant, and how often they ate street food. Additional topics included soda preference and the soda ban, opinions of Anthony Weiner, and the noise problem in New York City. Demographic information includes sex, age, race, marital status, education level, employment status, household income, religious preference, political party affiliation, political philosophy, voting behavior, borough of residence, and whether respondents were registered to vote.
Curated
Simple Crosstabs
CBS News/New York Times New York City Poll, August #2, 2011 (ICPSR 34468)
Released/updated on: 2012-12-21
Geographic coverage: New York City, United States, New York (state)
This poll, fielded August 2011, and the second of four, is part of a continuing series of monthly surveys that solicit public opinion on a range of political and social issues. This particular poll surveyed respondents living in New York City. Respondents were asked their opinion on Mayor Michael Bloomberg's job performance and whether they approved of his handling of the public school system. Respondents were also queried on general aspects of their lives in New York City, including opinions on their long range view of the city's livability, opinions on the city's economy, whether they had plans to relocate, and whether they held a good or bad image of the city. Respondents were also asked to provide opinions on the state of New York City public schools, including views on the New York City teachers union and charter schools, assessments of the overall quality of public education, whether quality had improved under Mayor Bloomberg, and whether they approved of Dennis Walcott's job performance as school system Chancellor. The poll also features several questions related to the terrorist attacks of September 11th, 2001. Respondents were asked whether security initiatives implemented following the terrorist attacks had enhanced public safety at New York City airports, bridges, tunnels, subways and nuclear power plants in the region. Further opinions were solicited on whether respondents felt New Yorkers had recovered economically and emotionally from the attacks, whether first responders and families of victims had been treated fairly, and whether the killing of Osama bin Laden had provided a sense of closure and increased safety. Furthermore, respondents were asked to gauge the likelihood of another attack within the upcoming months, whether they felt safe or endangered living in New York City, and whether they perceived the threat of terrorism to be higher in New York City when compared to other United States cities. Further information was collected regarding respondents feelings toward Muslims following the September 11th attacks, whether respondents believed Muslims are unfairly singled out, and whether they believed Muslims and Arab Americans are more sympathetic to terrorists than other American citizens. Additional topics included the possible opening of Wal-Mart stores within New York City, the planned redevelopment of the site at Ground Zero, and the proposed mosque and Islamic community center two blocks from Ground Zero. Demographic information included sex, age, race, marital status, education level, household income, religious preference, political party affiliation, political philosophy, and voter registration status.
Curated
CBS News/New York Times New York State Poll #2, February 2000 (ICPSR 2927)
Released/updated on: 2008-12-04
Geographic coverage: United States, New York (state)
This special topic poll, fielded February 24-27, 2000, is part of a continuing series of monthly surveys that solicit public opinion on the presidency and a range of other political and social issues. The focus of this data collection was on the upcoming March 7, 2000, presidential primary in New York State. Residents of New York State were asked about the way Governor George Pataki was handling his job and the single most important issue for the federal government to address in the coming year. Those who were registered to vote were asked to give their opinions of President Bill Clinton, Vice President Al Gore, Texas Governor George W. Bush, former New Jersey Senator Bill Bradley, and Arizona Senator John McCain. Respondents were asked whether they were paying attention to the presidential campaign, the likelihood that they would vote in the upcoming presidential primary and for which party, which candidate they were leaning toward, and why. Registered Republicans were asked whether Governor Pataki's support of George W. Bush would affect their vote in the Republican primary and which Republican candidate was more likely to defeat the eventual Democratic presidential nominee. A series of questions queried respondents on whether participation in party primaries should be restricted to registered members of the party, what motives Democrats and Independents might have in voting in the New York State Republican primary, and on George W. Bush's recent speech at Bob Jones University. In addition, all respondents in the poll were asked about the recent outcome of the Amadou Diallo shooting case. Demographic information includes age, sex, race, education level, marital status, household income, religious preference, political party affiliation, political philosophy, and voter registration and participation history.
Curated
Simple Crosstabs
CBS News/New York Times Poll, September #1 2013 (ICPSR 36059)
Released/updated on: 2015-08-18
Geographic coverage: United States
Time period: 2013-09-06--2013-09-08
This poll, the first of two fielded in September of 2013, is part of a continuing series of monthly surveys that solicits public opinion on a range of political and social issues. Respondents were asked their opinions on the Obama administration, the economy, terrorism, the situation in Syria, foreign policy, and United States involvement in foreign affairs. Demographic information includes sex, age, race, marital status, education level, household income, type of residential area (e.g. urban or rural), political party affiliation, political philosophy, voting behavior, whether respondents were registered to vote, religious affiliation, and whether respondents thought of themselves as born again Christians. There are also a series of questions regarding cellular and land-line use.