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Curated
Simple Crosstabs

Dynamics of Collective Action, United States, 1960-1995 (ICPSR 39728)

Released/updated on: 2026-06-16
Geographic coverage: United States
Time period: 1960-01-01--1995-12-31
The Dynamics of Collective Action initiative provides access to event data regarding protest activities in the United States, spanning 1960 to 1995. It includes information on all collective actions reported in the New York Times. The dataset was coded from daily newspaper accounts and contains information on the initiating groups, number of participants, activities of protesters, location, dates, claims of protesters, and targets of collective action.
Self-published

Beyond the Hashtags: #Ferguson, #Blacklivesmatter, and the Online Struggle for Offline Justice (ICPSR 300497)

Released/updated on: 2025-12-18
Geographic coverage: United States
Time period: 2014-06-01--2015-05-31

These data are restricted and require an application. To apply, see SOMAR’s Application Portal and Application Guide.

This is a dataset of tweets purchased from Twitter as part of the Beyond the Hashtags study. The dataset includes a year of tweets that mention one or more of 45 keywords associated with the BlackLivesMatter movement. This period covers a critical time in which social media was used to raise awareness about police killings of unarmed Black citizens in the United States.

Self-published

S2E California Coast Environmental Justice Conflicts Database (ICPSR 199302)

Released/updated on: 2024-03-27
Geographic coverage: California, United States
Time period: 1960-01-01--2023-12-31
The California Coast Environmental Justice Conflicts Database comprehensively catalogues environmental justice (EJ) conflicts occurring within California's 19 coastal and San Francisco Bay Area counties. This database documents where EJ conflicts occur, what natural resources are involved, what communities are impacted, which EJ organizations/ advocates engage in these conflicts, what industry and government actors are involved, what strategies both EJ advocates and industry actors employ in the conflicts, and how conflicts are portrayed in media. The database was built following a participatory and mixed-methods approach involving key informant interviews to inform database design, followed by systematic web-scraping and content analysis of media coverage and key policy documents on EJ conflicts.The database is available as an interactive spatial database on an ArcGIS Online website as well. This spatial database also incorporates 3rd-party socio-spatial data from the U.S. EPA EJSCREEN, California EPA CalEnviroScreen4.0, and U.S. Census to provide the social and spatial context in which conflicts occur. Explore the spatial database at: https://experience.arcgis.com/experience/25fcb324e8694b28a0e90c03bbe4ce12/page/Home/#data_s=id%3Adat...This effort builds off of on-going work by the Science-to-Empower (S2E) collaborative research team, which focuses on EJ research that empowers communities experiencing environmental injustices by building access and capacity to leverage scientific resources, including researchers and datasets. For more information on S2E, see: https://www.science2empower.org/
Curated
Simple Crosstabs

Mapping LGBTQ Equality: 2010 to 2020, United States (ICPSR 37877)

Released/updated on: 2021-07-14
Geographic coverage: United States
Time period: 2010-01-01--2020-01-01

Mapping LGBTQ Equality: 2010 to 2020 presented the status of LGBTQ equality at the U.S. state level by examining a policy tally by the Movement Advancement Project (MAP), and encompassed nearly 40 LGBTQ-related laws and policies across all 50 states, the District of Columbia, and the five U.S. territories as of January 1, 2020. The report also compared the January 1, 2020 status of LGBTQ policy landscape to the status of those same laws as of January 1, 2010.

MAP's policy tally aggregated these laws and policies to gauge the LGBTQ-related policy landscape across the country. What emerged in 2020 was a patchwork of positive LGBTQ laws and policies, with variations both by region and area of law, as well as growth in both the policy accomplishments and challenges facing LGBTQ people over the decade of observation.

Areas of law and policy included: relationship and parental recognition, nondiscrimination, religious exemptions, LGBTQ youth-related laws, health care, criminal justice, and identity documents.

Self-published

Elite Framing in the 1953 Plzen Currency Reform Protest (ICPSR 109442)

Released/updated on: 2019-04-24
Time period: 1950-01-01--1960-12-31
This project’s primary research objective was to examine state elite framing of the 1953 labor uprising in Plzen, Czechoslovakia. The protest occurred after the ruling party, the Communist Party of Czechoslovakia, announced a currency reform that transferred a large amount of wealth from citizens to the state. In response, thousands of workers in the industrial city of Plzen rallied at the city square to demand their money back. This project examines how the state responded discursively to the uprising, as well as the repressive actions taken against the protesters during and following the event.
Self-published

Sit-ins and Desegregation in the U.S. South in the Early 1960s (ICPSR 100059)

Released/updated on: 2016-08-19
Geographic coverage: United States
Time period: 1955-01-01--1962-12-31
This study examines the causes and consequences of sit-ins in the American South. It was motivated by four questions: (1) Why did sit-ins occur in some cities rather than others in the spring of 1960? (2) Did movement organizations grow faster where sit-ins occurred? (3) Why did desegregation occur in some cities but not others in 1960-1961? (4) Was desegregation more likely where sit-ins occurred? To answer these questions, we collected data on cities in the states of the former Confederacy plus Maryland, Kentucky, and West Virginia. All urban places with a population of at least 10,000 and a black population of at least 1,000 are included. These provide the 334 observations. Variables include dates of sit-in protest and of the desegregation of lunch counters, social and economic characteristics from the 1960 Census, geographical location, Civil Rights organizations, newspaper circulation, and athletic affiliations of black colleges.
Curated
Simple Crosstabs

Sit-ins and Desegregation in the U.S. South in the Early 1960s (ICPSR 35630)

Released/updated on: 2015-05-08
Geographic coverage: Tennessee, Kentucky, Alabama, Florida, Arkansas, West Virginia, Mississippi, Texas, Missouri, Louisiana, Georgia, Virginia, Maryland
Time period: 1960-01-01--1961-12-31
This study examines the causes and consequences of sit-ins in the American South. It was motivated by four questions: (1) Why did sit-ins occur in some cities rather than others in the spring of 1960? (2) Did movement organizations grow faster where sit-ins occurred? (3) Why did desegregation occur in some cities but not others in 1960-1961? (4) Was desegregation more likely where sit-ins occurred? To answer these questions, data was collected on cities in the states of the former Confederacy plus Maryland, Kentucky, and West Virginia. All urban places with a population of at least 10,000 and a Black population of at least 1,000 are included. These provide the 334 observations. Variables include dates of sit-in protest and of the desegregation of lunch counters, social and economic characteristics from the 1960 Census, geographical location, Civil Rights organizations, newspaper circulation, and athletic affiliations of Black colleges.
Curated
Simple Crosstabs

Global Digital Activism Data Set, 2013 (ICPSR 34625)

Released/updated on: 2014-06-12
Geographic coverage: Papua New Guinea, Cambodia, Paraguay, Kazakhstan, Syria, Solomon Islands, Bahamas, Gibralter, Montserrat, Mali, Marshall Islands, Panama, Guadeloupe, Virgin Islands of the United States, Laos, Argentina, Falkland Islands, Seychelles, Zambia, Belize, Bahrain, Guinea-Bissau, Namibia, Finland, Comoros, Faroe Islands, Yemen, Puerto Rico, Eritrea, China (Peoples Republic), Madagascar, Aruba, Ivory Coast, Libya, Western Samoa, Sweden, Malawi, Andorra, Liechtenstein, Poland, Jordan, Bulgaria, Tunisia, Channel Islands, United Arab Emirates, Tuvalu, Kenya, French Polynesia, Lebanon, Djibouti, Brunei, Azerbaijan, Cuba, Czech Republic, Mauritania, Saint Lucia, Mayotte, Israel, San Marino, Australia, Bonaire, Tajikistan, Myanmar, Cameroon, Cyprus, Northern Mariana Islands, Bermuda Islands, Malaysia, Iceland, Global, Oman, Armenia, Gabon, Luxembourg, Brazil, Turks and Caicos Islands, Algeria, Slovenia, Antigua and Barbuda, Ecuador, Colombia, Moldova, Vanuatu, Italy, Honduras, Micronesia (Federated States), Nauru, Haiti, Afghanistan, Burundi, Singapore, French Guiana, American Samoa, Vatican City, Russia, Netherlands, Martinique, Saint Pierre and Miquelon, Kyrgyzstan, Reunion, Bhutan, Romania, Togo, Philippines, Uzbekistan, Democratic Republic of Congo, British Virgin Islands, Zimbabwe, Montenegro, Indonesia, Dominica, Benin, Angola, Sudan, East Timor, Saba, Portugal, New Caledonia, Grenada, Greece, Cayman Islands, Mongolia, Latvia, Morocco, Iran, Bosnia-Hercegovina, Guatemala, Guyana, Iraq, Chile, Nepal, Georgia (Republic), Isle of Man, Ukraine, Tanzania, Ghana, Anguilla, India, Canada, Maldives, Turkey, Belgium, Trinidad and Tobago, Central African Republic, Jamaica, Peru, Turkmenistan, Germany, Vietnam (Socialist Republic), Fiji, Tokelau, United States, Guinea, Chad, Somalia, Sao Tome and Principe, Thailand, Equatorial Guinea, Kiribati, Costa Rica, Pitcairn Island, Kuwait, Nigeria, Croatia, Uruguay, Sri Lanka, Cook Islands, United Kingdom, Switzerland, Spain, Palestine, Liberia, Venezuela, Burkina Faso, Swaziland, Palau, Estonia, Wallis and Futuna, Niue, South Korea, Austria, Mozambique, El Salvador, Monaco, Guam, Lesotho, Tonga, Hungary, Japan, Belarus, Curacao, Mauritius, Albania, Norfolk Island, New Zealand, Senegal, Macedonia, Ethiopia, Egypt, Sierra Leone, Bolivia, Malta, Saudi Arabia, Cape Verde, Saint Eustatius, Pakistan, Gambia, Ireland, Qatar, Slovakia, France, Serbia, Lithuania, Saint Kitts-Nevis, Niger, Rwanda, Bangladesh, Nicaragua, Barbados, Norway, Botswana, Saint Vincent and the Grenadines, Denmark, Dominican Republic, Mexico, Uganda, Suriname, Saint Helena, Greenland
Time period: 1982-01-01--2012-12-31
The Global Digital Activism Data Set (GDADS), released February 2013 by the Digital Activism Research Project (DARP) at the University of Washington in Seattle, features coded cases of online digital activism from 151 countries and dependent territories. Several features from each case of digital activism were documented, including the year that online action commenced, the country of origin of the initiator(s), the geographic scope of their campaign, and whether the action was online only, or also featured offline activities. Researchers were interested in the number and types of software applications that were used by digital activists. Specifically, information was collected on whether software applications were used to circumvent censorship or evade government surveillance, to transfer money or resources, to aid in co-creation by a collaborative group, or for purposes of networking, mobilization, information sharing, or technical violence (destructive/disruptive hacking). The collection illustrates the overall focus of each case of digital activism by defining the cause advanced or defended by the action, the initiator's diagnosis of the problem and its perceived origin, the identification of the targeted audience that the campaign sought to mobilize, as well as the target whose actions the initiators aimed to influence. Finally, each case of digital activism was evaluated in terms of its success or failure in achieving the initiator's objectives, and whether any other positive outcomes were apparent.
Curated

Transnational Social Movement Organization Dataset, 1953-2003 (ICPSR 33863)

Released/updated on: 2012-07-26
Geographic coverage: Global
Time period: 1953-01-01--2003-12-31
The protests against the World Trade Organization in Seattle and subsequent resistance to global trade and investment liberalization highlight the growing centralization of economic and political power in entities that transcend nation-states. These protests also challenge traditional approaches to the study of social movements, which portray movements as bounded by national or sub-national political arenas. Globalization leaves few areas of social life untouched, and sociologists are paying closer attention to how it affects our understanding of social and political processes. While globalization is not new, its relatively recent acceleration and expansion to new social domains calls for greater sociological attention. The Transnational Social Movement Organization Dataset, 1953-2003 builds upon existing sociological research and brings new data to the investigation of relationships between globalization, social movements, and political change. This project aims to enhance understanding of the organizational foundations for transnational activism, namely the population of transnational social movement organizations (TSMOs). This study contains 301 variables. The variables were either taken directly from the Yearbook of International Organizations, or created from information in the Yearbook.
Curated

Israeli Election Study, 1973 (ICPSR 2988)

Released/updated on: 2008-08-27
Geographic coverage: Israel, Global
Time period: 1973-01-01--1973-12-31, 1974-01-13--1974-01-15, 1973-12-19--1973-12-20
This study is one in a series of election studies conducted since 1969 by Alan Arian and Michal Shamir that investigated voting patterns, public opinion, and political participation in Israel. This study in particular was conducted during May 1973-January 1974, prior to the elections of the 8th Knesset, and carried out in five phases. Respondents were asked to evaluate their general personal situations and that of Israel, and identify their knowledge of politics, interest and involvement in politics, previous participation in a youth movement, access to media (television, radio, and newspaper) pertaining to political affairs, and factors which would influence voting decisions including the October 1973 Yom Kippur War. Views were also elicited from respondents in regard to the Israeli government including the main problems it faces, a time estimate for resolution, and the development of a peace agreement with the Palestinians to end the Arab-Israeli conflict. Respondents were asked to define and evaluate political parties such as an ideal party, Gahal Party, and Alignment Party, and to evaluate other political parties such as the Labor Party and National Religious Party. In addition, respondents were queried about their knowledge of the new Likud Party and Gahal Party and whether each party, if elected, would bring changes to the government and represent a substitute for the Labor Party. Respondents' opinions were sought in regard to Prime Minister Golda Meir, Defense Minister Moshe Dayan, Likud Party Chairman Menachem Begin, and Knesset member Ariel Sharon and other political leaders including the city mayor and several combinations of political coalitions. Respondents also gave their level of satisfaction with the elections and government, and their views on social and economic issues, foreign, security, and peace matters (including occupied territories), the positions of political parties (including the opposition), and attributes of political parties and leaders. The survey queried respondents about both the election's and their own personal ability to influence government policy. Questions covered voting intention and history (personal and paternal), the importance of voting in the election versus supporting a particular party, coverage of elections in the media, perception of leaders, the effects of the election campaign, their views on public polls, and their participation in the election. Respondents also identified the role of the Histadrut as a trade union, whether they were members of this organization or a medical insurance plan, and how they received medical treatment. Post-war surveys asked respondents for their opinions about the political parties and candidates and for whom to vote, the influence of the Yom Kippur War on Israel and factors responsible for the changes, and whether the elections should be held on December 31, 1973, or postponed for a length of time. Demographic questions include gender, age, birthplace and education (personal and paternal), marital status, head of household, occupation, employment status and sector, employer, monthly family income, household characteristics, and left-right political self-placement. In addition, respondents were queried about the year they immigrated to Israel, their observation of religious tradition, and whether and how long the husband belonged to the army during the war. Place and date of the interview have only been included in the December 1973 Survey and January 1974 Survey.
Curated

Popular Movements Archive, 1881-1950: [Sweden] (ICPSR 9606)

Released/updated on: 2006-12-13
Geographic coverage: Sweden, Global
Time period: 1881-01-01--1950-12-31
This collection describes the history of popular movements in Sweden starting with the local associations and their functions. Additionally, it examines whether a specific type of society or environment allows popular movements to more easily gain support and develop. Major areas of investigation include temperance lodges, labor unions belonging to the country organization of labor unions, and free churches.
Curated

Urban Morality Issues Incidents in Ten Cities, 1990-2000: [United States] (ICPSR 3735)

Released/updated on: 2005-12-15
Geographic coverage: United States
Time period: 1990-01-01--2000-12-31
This collection consists of data that tracked how ten city governments in the United States responded to morality issues in the last decade of the 20th century. The ten cities varied in their geographic properties and were characterized by their locations, e.g., South City, Metro City, and Coast City. Morality issues were defined as issues concerning actions or behaviors that were regulated by a deeply held belief and/or a religious value. The issues falling within this categorization were gay rights, abortion rights, abortion clinic protests, needle exchange programs for drug users, hate speech, hate groups, gambling policies and regulations, animal rights, and regulations pertaining to the sex industry, which included pornography, prostitution, and adult entertainment. Incidents or events in the ten cities related to these moral issues were identified. The data were generated by scanning local newspapers to isolate and gather relevant information about the selected cities, interviewing political elites (e.g., mayor, city manager, and council person), and reviewing public government records for the selected cities. Part 1, Ten City Data, contains data on 451 incidents related to morality issues in the ten cities. Part 2, Subset of Ten City Data With City-Specific Variables, is a subset of the cases included in Part 1 and also includes a broader array of city-specific contextual variables. The variables shared by Part 1 and Part 2 are whether a city had a mayor or a city manager, whether city council elections were at-large or by district, the percentage or share of the city council elected by a particular district, the strength and prevalence of the city's homosexual community, the percentage of residents in the county who attended religious services, the percentage of residents in the county who identified themselves as Catholic or as religious fundamentalists, and whether activists involved with this issue were more likely to be from the left or right, politically. Additional shared variables are city population in 1990 and 1998 (in thousands), the percentage of population change between 1980-1990 and 1990-1998, the metro area population in 1990 (in thousands), the percentage of population change in the metro area from 1980-1990 and from 1990-1996, the percentage of female, Asian, White, Black, and Hispanic residents, the median household income, the percentage of married residents, the percentage of female-headed households, the 1997 unemployment rate, the percentage of same gender partnerships, the total number of churches, the number of churches per capita, the percentage of households with children under the age of 19, the percentage of the population aged 18-34, the percentage of residents that were college educated, income per capita, the percentage of foreign-born residents, the percentage of residents living in poverty, and the acceptability and prevalence of the city's "unconventional" or "counter" culture. The variables contained only in Part 2, Subset of Ten City Data With City-Specific Variables, are the type of community education present, the type of social culture in the community, the percentage of the work force employed in education or technology related jobs, the percentage of women in the work force, and the total number of churches in the county.
Curated

Dutch Parliamentary Election Panel Study, 1986-1989 (ICPSR 6742)

Released/updated on: 1998-02-10
Geographic coverage: Netherlands, Europe, Global
Time period: 1986-01-01--1989-12-31
This panel study, conducted within the framework of the Dutch Parliamentary Election Studies, was administered in three waves. The first wave was conducted before the 1986 election, the second wave after the 1986 election, and the third wave after the 1989 election. The purpose of the collection was to assess electoral change in the Netherlands. Main topics covered in the first wave include respondent's political interest, national problems of importance to respondents, party identification and membership, voting behavior in the 1986 municipal elections, economic policy, and political issues such as abortion, income differences, nuclear energy, and 1986 vote intentions. Many first-wave items were repeated in the second and third waves. New topics covered in the second wave include respondent's political knowledge, political efficacy and cynicism, respondent's view of religion in society, 1986 and 1982 voting behavior, the 1986 voting behavior of respondent's partner, left-right political ratings, faith in prospective premiers, union membership, sympathy for and participation in new social movements, expectations of economic development, civic competence and civic political participation, future voting probability, experience with unemployment, trait evaluations of politicians, and political issues such as euthanasia, nuclear energy, differences in income, nuclear armaments, the economy, and Social Security. Topics introduced in the third wave focused on 1989 voting behavior, government policy (effect of government policy on economics, satisfaction with government), left-right political ratings, expectations of economic development, sympathy for and participation in new social movements, progressiveness and conservatism, and political issues such as pollution and customs and traditions. Demographic variables include age, gender, marital status, employment status and profession, education, religious affiliation, and household income.
Curated

Dutch Parliamentary Election Study, 1986 (ICPSR 8876)

Released/updated on: 1995-03-16
Geographic coverage: Netherlands, Europe, Global
Time period: 1986-01-01--1986-12-31
This study, the seventh in a series of national election studies in the Netherlands, focused on the elections for the Second Chamber of Parliament on May 21, 1986. The survey included questions on government policies, and specific political issues such as abortion, euthanasia, nuclear energy, nuclear armaments, and income differences. The survey also examined each respondent's voting behavior and vote intentions in the 1986 Second Chamber elections as well as respondent exposure to polls and expectation of election results. A second wave of interviews conducted after the 1986 elections included trait evaluations of key political figures and sympathy scores toward various political parties and social movements. Other variables cover party identification, coalition preferences, union membership, and religion. Demographic data such as age, sex, and occupation are also included.
Curated

Dutch Parliamentary Election Study, 1986: Stratified Sample (ICPSR 9378)

Released/updated on: 1995-03-16
Geographic coverage: Netherlands, Europe, Global
Time period: 1986-01-01--1986-12-31
This study consists of a short post-election interview with a sample drawn from the Dutch electorate, stratified according to party preference. Many of the questions asked in this survey parallel those appearing in the DUTCH PARLIAMENTARY ELECTION STUDY, 1986 (ICPSR 8876). In addition, questions generated by hypotheses about the behavior of supporters of small political parties in general were also included. This collection also contains information from a weekly poll in which the respondents had participated earlier and which was used to stratify the sample. Topics covered include attitudes on political issues such as the economy, social security, euthanasia, nuclear armaments, and foreign workers, experiences with unemployment, religious views, and attitudes toward political parties and other factors important to party choice. Respondents also provided demographic information on income, sex, age, employment and union status, household composition, marital status, type of living quarters, and education.
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