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Self-published

Bloodlines of Power: Family Background and Elite Career Advancement in the Nineteenth-Century Russian Bureaucracy and Army (ICPSR 244445)

Released/updated on: 2026-01-20
Geographic coverage: Russia
Time period: 1800-01-01--1881-12-31
This dataset contains individual-level career histories of senior civil servants and generals in the Russian Empire during the nineteenth century (1800–1881). It is based on the complete published Seniority Lists of civil and military elites and linked genealogical sources. The sample is restricted to individuals with confirmed paternal background, including only cases where a father’s membership in the civil or military elite is positively verified or where it is reliably established that the father did not belong to the elite. The data record timing of promotions within the Table of Ranks, elite attainment, institutional affiliation, noble titles, and family background, and are designed to support replication and further research on intergenerational mobility and elite reproduction.
Self-published

ECIN Replication Package for ``Historical Place-Based Investments and Contemporary Economic Mobility and Inequality: Impacts of University Establishment'' (ICPSR 232501)

Released/updated on: 2026-01-04
Geographic coverage: United States
This is data, code, and replication instructions for "Historical Place-Based Investments and Contemporary Economic Mobility and Inequality: Impacts of University Establishment." In this project, we explore how historic university establishment has impacted contemporary county-level economic mobility and inequality outcomes using site-selection natural experiments. We find that universities have led to greater mid-life upward intergenerational income mobility and more income inequality. We highlight five channels through which these effects operate: sorting of high-achieving households into university counties; a ``hollowing-out'' of local labor markets which has provided opportunities to achieve top incomes as well as increased inequality; increased educational attainment across the income distribution, greater innovative activity, and higher levels of social capital.
Curated
Partially restricted
Simple Crosstabs

Katrina@10: Katrina Impacts on Vietnamese Americans in New Orleans (KATIVA NOLA) Subsample, Louisiana, 2005-2019 (ICPSR 39340)

Released/updated on: 2025-06-24
Geographic coverage: Mississippi, United States, Texas, Louisiana, New Orleans
Time period: 2005-01-01--2019-12-31

The NIH-funded Katrina@10 Program consists of an interrelated set of three primary data collection projects that focus on specific sub-populations who were uniquely affected by Hurricane Katrina: households along Louisiana and Mississippi's Gulf Coast, low-income parents from New Orleans, and Vietnamese families living in New Orleans. In addition, the program contains two secondary analyses of data that are more broadly representative of the overall affected population, and three cores (Administrative, Data Collection, Data Management and Dissemination) to support the set of research projects. The following research questions represent the studies together as a whole:

  • How well does the socio-ecological model of disaster recovery developed by the research team (Abramson et al. 2010) predict recovery across the three cohort studies?
  • How do trajectories of long-term recovery differ among and within these sub-populations?
  • How do the trajectories of recovery compare to those of mainstream populations?
  • How do the effects of predisposing factors (such as poverty) and degree-of-impact (such as flooding depth) vary among the three sub-populations?
  • How do interpretations of the disaster, resilience, and recovery differ among respondents?
  • What are the determinants of long-term recovery in domains such as mental and physical health, socio-economic status, and community and social roles? How are these domains related to each other across individuals and across sub-populations?

The Katrina Impacts on Vietnamese Americans in New Orleans (KATIVA NOLA) study was a longitudinal study interested in measuring the impact of Hurricane Katrina on Vietnamese-Americans living in New Orleans. The original sample was taken in summer 2005 and was followed by three rounds of short and medium-term data collection in the 5 years following Katrina. This study measured a variety of outcomes, including physical and mental health, economic stability, housing stability, and social ties, to examine the long-term recovery trajectories of participants.

The data in this collection are from an additional, long-term follow-up survey conducted between 2017 and 2019. A public-use version (DS1) and restricted-use version (DS2) are available. Open-ended responses, continuous respondent age, continuous total household income, and a variable indicating exposure to specific flood events have been masked in the public-use version. These items are available in the restricted-use version.

Curated
Partially restricted
Simple Crosstabs

Katrina@10: Gulf Coast Child and Family Health Study (GCAFH) Subsample, Louisiana and Mississippi, 2005-2019 (ICPSR 39339)

Released/updated on: 2025-06-23
Geographic coverage: Mississippi, United States, Louisiana
Time period: 2005-01-01--2019-12-31

The NIH-funded Katrina@10 Program consists of an interrelated set of three primary data collection projects that focus on specific sub-populations who were uniquely affected by Hurricane Katrina: households along Louisiana and Mississippi's Gulf Coast, low-income parents from New Orleans, and Vietnamese families living in New Orleans. In addition, the program contains two secondary analyses of data that are more broadly representative of the overall affected population, and three cores (Administrative, Data Collection, Data Management and Dissemination) to support the set of research projects. The following research questions represent the studies together as a whole:

  • How well does the socio-ecological model of disaster recovery developed by the research team (Abramson et al. 2010) predict recovery across the three cohort studies?
  • How do trajectories of long-term recovery differ among and within these sub-populations?
  • How do the trajectories of recovery compare to those of mainstream populations?
  • How do the effects of predisposing factors (such as poverty) and degree-of-impact (such as flooding depth) vary among the three sub-populations?
  • How do interpretations of the disaster, resilience, and recovery differ among respondents?
  • What are the determinants of long-term recovery in domains such as mental and physical health, socio-economic status, and community and social roles? How are these domains related to each other across individuals and across sub-populations?

This collection contains data from the Gulf Coast Child and Family Health Study (GCAFH), a longitudinal cohort study of families living in the Louisiana and Mississippi Gulf Coast who had been displaced or sustained extensive household damage due to Hurricane Katrina. The GCAFH research team collected survey data from the initial cohort in 2006 (n=1,079) with multiple follow-ups through 2010, assessing post-disaster recovery via indicators such as economic recovery, social engagement, personal resilience, community cohesion, infrastructure stability, and physical and mental health.

The data in this collection is from the most recent survey follow-up with participants, conducted between 2016 and 2018. A public-use version (DS1) and restricted-use version (DS2) are available. Open-ended responses, continuous respondent age, continuous total household income, and a 7-category race variable have been masked in the public-use version. These items are available in the restricted-use version.

Curated
Partially restricted
Simple Crosstabs

Katrina@10: Resilience in Survivors of Katrina Project (RISK) Subsample, New Orleans, Louisiana, 2005-2019 (ICPSR 39335)

Released/updated on: 2025-05-27
Geographic coverage: United States, Louisiana, New Orleans
Time period: 2005-01-01--2019-12-31

The NIH-funded KATRINA@10 Program consists of an interrelated set of three primary data collection projects that focus on specific sub-populations who were uniquely affected by Hurricane Katrina: households along Louisiana and Mississippi's Gulf Coast, low-income parents from New Orleans, and Vietnamese families living in New Orleans. In addition, the program contains two secondary analyses of data that are more broadly representative of the overall affected population, and three cores (Administrative, Data Collection, Data Management and Dissemination) to support the set of research projects. The following research questions represent the studies together as a whole:

  • How well does the socio-ecological model of disaster recovery developed by the research team (Abramson et al. 2010) predict recovery across the three cohort studies?
  • How do trajectories of long-term recovery differ among and within these sub-populations?
  • How do the trajectories of recovery compare to those of mainstream populations?
  • How do the effects of predisposing factors (such as poverty) and degree-of-impact (such as flooding depth) vary among the three sub-populations?
  • How do interpretations of the disaster, resilience, and recovery differ among respondents?
  • What are the determinants of long-term recovery in domains such as mental and physical health, socio-economic status, and community and social roles? How are these domains related to each other across individuals and across sub-populations?

This collection contains data from the Resilience in Survivors of Katrina (RISK) Project, which was a longitudinal study of low-income parents who lived in New Orleans at the time of Hurricane Katrina (August 2005). The initial study design was intended to increase educational attainment among college students, measuring economic status, social ties, and mental and physical health starting in 2003 (initial cohort n=1,019). However, with the aftermath of Hurricane Katrina, the research design evolved to study the consequences of a disaster for the lives of vulnerable individuals and their families. Follow-up surveys and in-depth qualitative interviews were conducted with participants at one year and five years post-Katrina, regardless of where participants lived.

The data in this collection is from the most recent survey follow-up with RISK Project participants (n=716), conducted between 2016 and 2018. A public-use version (DS1) and restricted-use version (DS2) are available. Open-ended responses and continuous variables for respondent age and total household income have been masked in the public-use version; these items are available in the restricted-use version.

Self-published

Geographic Variation in Multigenerational Mobility (ICPSR 226601)

Released/updated on: 2025-04-13
Geographic coverage: Sweden
The study uses complete-count register data from Sweden, spanning three generations, to compare inter- and multigenerational transmission processes across municipalities. We first document spatial patterns in intergenerational (parent-child) mobility, and study whether those patterns are robust to the choice of mobility statistic and the quality of the underlying microdata. We then ask whether there exists similar geographic variation in multigenerational mobility. Interpreting those patterns through the lens of a latent factor model, we identify which features of the transmission process vary across places. Since the project uses restricted-access administrative data, we here only provide the necessary codes for replication as well as instructions for how to apply for access to the data.
Self-published

Social Mobility in the Long Run: An Analysis of Tongcheng, China, 1300 to 1900 (ICPSR 219543)

Released/updated on: 2025-02-16
Geographic coverage: China
Time period: 1300-01-01--1900-12-31
This paper studies the strength of the relationship between parental income and child income over the period 1300 to 1900, when many social changes, such as the erosion of hereditary class barriers, took place. The rich information in genealogies are used to examine social mobility across a representative socioeconomic population of ranging from commoners to elites. The results indicate, first, that intergenerational mobility in this sample population changed over time. Second, the changes correspond to a substantially higher level of mobility in the 19th century compared to the 17th century. Third, an inverse correlation between mobility and inequality can be seen in the time-series, implying social mobility for birth cohorts characterized by high inequality tends to be low, and vice versa. 
Self-published

The distribution of land in Luxembourg (1766–1872): Family-level wealth persistence in the midst of institutional change (ICPSR 195987)

Released/updated on: 2023-12-22
Geographic coverage: Luxembourg
Time period: 1766-01-01--1872-12-31
This is the replication package for "The distribution of land in Luxembourg (1766–1872): Family-level wealth persistence in the midst of institutional change". The paper analyses family-level wealth inequality and social mobility in Dudelange (Luxembourg) over five generations between 1766 and 1872, a period that saw the end of feudal social relations. While the integration of Luxembourg into the French revolutionary regime produced a reduction in the Gini coefficient for the ownership of land, the social mobility analysis reveals a relative stability of family positions within the land-wealth distribution throughout the period. This shows that family-level transmission mechanisms limit social mobility and strongly advantage those with ancestors owning property wealth, even when there are significant changes in the organization of property relations.
Self-published

Data and Code for: The Shaping of a Gender Norm: Marriage, Labor, and Foot-binding in Historical China (ICPSR 192501)

Released/updated on: 2023-07-04
Geographic coverage: China
We present a theory that explains the rise of foot-binding in historical China, in response to a gender-asymmetric social mobility shock that dispersed men's quality distribution in the marriage market. The theory characterizes the marriage market equilibrium and women's competition strategies before and after the shock. Empirical evidence using archival data corroborates the theoretical predictions, that greater men’s social mobility opportunities encouraged foot-binding and that a greater cost of women's labor discouraged foot-binding. The paper thus highlights that costly gender norms can be traced back to gender asymmetry in social mobility opportunities. 
Self-published

Supplemental Data for: Intergenerational Mobility in American History: Accounting for Race and Measurement Error (ICPSR 184546)

Released/updated on: 2023-02-24
Geographic coverage: United States
Time period: 1968-01-01--2019-12-31
These are the PSID files used for the manuscript "Intergenerational Mobility in American History: Accounting for Race and Measurement Error." See https://doi.org/10.3886/E184542V1To reproduce the analysis in that paper with the PSID files, they must be placed in the folder "build/input/PSID"
Self-published

A Machine Learning Approach to Improving Occupational Income Scores (ICPSR 111103)

Released/updated on: 2019-08-05
Geographic coverage: United States
These files are the replication files for "A Machine Learning Approach to Improving Occupational Income Scores" by Martin Saavedra and Tate Twinam.Abstract: Historical studies of labor markets frequently lack data on individual income. The occupational income score (OCCSCORE) is often used as an alternative measure of labor market outcomes. We consider the consequences of using OCCSCORE when researchers are interested in earnings regressions. We estimate race and gender earnings gaps in modern decennial Censuses as well as the 1915 Iowa State Census. Using OCCSCORE biases results towards zero and can result in gaps of the wrong sign. We use a machine learning approach to construct a new adjusted score based on industry, occupation, and demographics. The new income score provides estimates closer to earnings regressions. Lastly, we consider the consequences for estimates of intergenerational mobility elasticities.
Curated
Simple Crosstabs

General Social Survey, 1972-2016 [Cumulative File] (ICPSR 36797)

Released/updated on: 2017-11-14
Geographic coverage: United States
Time period: 1972-01-01--2016-12-31
Since 1972, the General Social Survey (GSS) has been monitoring societal change and studying the growing complexity of American society. The GSS aims to gather data on contemporary American society in order to monitor and explain trends and constants in attitudes, behaviors, and attributes; to examine the structure and functioning of society in general as well as the role played by relevant subgroups; to compare the United States to other societies in order to place American society in comparative perspective and develop cross-national models of human society; and to make high-quality data easily accessible to scholars, students, policy makers, and others, with minimal cost and waiting. GSS questions include such items as national spending priorities, marijuana use, crime and punishment, race relations, quality of life, and confidence in institutions. Since 1988, the GSS has also collected data on sexual behavior including number of sex partners, frequency of intercourse, extramarital relationships, and sex with prostitutes. In 1985 the GSS co-founded the International Social Survey Program (ISSP). The ISSP has conducted an annual cross-national survey each year since then and has involved 58 countries and interviewed over one million respondents. The ISSP asks an identical battery of questions in all countries; the U.S. version of these questions is incorporated into the GSS. The 2016 GSS added in new variables covering information regarding social media use, suicide, hope and optimism, arts and culture, racial/ethnic identity, flexibility of work, spouses work and occupation, home cohabitation, and health.
Curated
Simple Crosstabs

Los Angeles County Social Survey, 1995 (LACSS) (ICPSR 36563)

Released/updated on: 2017-07-27
Geographic coverage: Los Angeles, California
Time period: 1995-01-01--1995-12-31

The Los Angeles County Social Survey (LACSS) continues the Los Angeles Metropolitan Area Studies (LAMAS) and the Southern California Social Surveys (SCSS). The Los Angeles County Social Survey (LACSS) is part of a continuing annual research project supported by the Institute for Social Science Research at the University of California, Los Angeles (UCLA).

The LACSS 1995 was conducted between April and July 1995. Los Angeles County residents were asked questions concerning ethnic relations, social dominance, social distance, immigration, affirmative action, employment, and government. A split ballot methodology was utilized concerning the topics of immigration and affirmative action. Respondents were randomly selected to answer a series of questions from one of three ballots. In addition, a different series of social distance questions were asked depending on the respondent's ethnicity. Questionnaires were provided in both English and Spanish languages.

Demographic information collected includes race, gender, religion, age, education level, occupation, birth place, political party affiliation and ideology, and origin of ancestry.

Curated

General Social Survey, 1972 (ICPSR 35300)

Released/updated on: 2016-06-30
Geographic coverage: United States
Time period: 1972-01-01--1972-12-31

The General Social Survey (GSS) conducts basic scientific research on the structure and development of American society with a data-collection program designed to both monitor societal change within the United States and to compare the United States to other nations. Begun in 1972, the GSS contains a standard 'core' of demographic, behavioral, and attitudinal questions, plus topics of special interest. Many of the core questions have remained unchanged since 1972 to facilitate time-trend studies as well as replication of earlier findings.

Curated

General Social Survey, 1973 (ICPSR 35301)

Released/updated on: 2016-06-30
Geographic coverage: United States
Time period: 1973-01-01--1973-12-31

The General Social Survey (GSS) conducts basic scientific research on the structure and development of American society with a data-collection program designed to both monitor societal change within the United States and to compare the United States to other nations. Begun in 1972, the GSS contains a standard 'core' of demographic, behavioral, and attitudinal questions, plus topics of special interest. Many of the core questions have remained unchanged since 1972 to facilitate time-trend studies as well as replication of earlier findings.

Curated

General Social Survey, 1974 (ICPSR 35302)

Released/updated on: 2016-06-30
Geographic coverage: United States
Time period: 1974-01-01--1974-12-31

The General Social Survey (GSS) conducts basic scientific research on the structure and development of American society with a data-collection program designed to both monitor societal change within the United States and to compare the United States to other nations. Begun in 1972, the GSS contains a standard 'core' of demographic, behavioral, and attitudinal questions, plus topics of special interest. Many of the core questions have remained unchanged since 1972 to facilitate time-trend studies as well as replication of earlier findings.

Curated

General Social Survey, 1975 (ICPSR 35303)

Released/updated on: 2016-06-30
Geographic coverage: United States
Time period: 1975-01-01--1975-12-31

The General Social Survey (GSS) conducts basic scientific research on the structure and development of American society with a data-collection program designed to both monitor societal change within the United States and to compare the United States to other nations. Begun in 1972, the GSS contains a standard 'core' of demographic, behavioral, and attitudinal questions, plus topics of special interest. Many of the core questions have remained unchanged since 1972 to facilitate time-trend studies as well as replication of earlier findings.

Curated

General Social Survey, 1976 (ICPSR 35304)

Released/updated on: 2016-06-30
Geographic coverage: United States
Time period: 1976-01-01--1976-12-31

The General Social Survey (GSS) conducts basic scientific research on the structure and development of American society with a data-collection program designed to both monitor societal change within the United States and to compare the United States to other nations. Begun in 1972, the GSS contains a standard 'core' of demographic, behavioral, and attitudinal questions, plus topics of special interest. Many of the core questions have remained unchanged since 1972 to facilitate time-trend studies as well as replication of earlier findings.

Curated

General Social Survey, 1977 (ICPSR 35305)

Released/updated on: 2016-06-30
Geographic coverage: United States
Time period: 1977-01-01--1977-12-31

The General Social Survey (GSS) conducts basic scientific research on the structure and development of American society with a data-collection program designed to both monitor societal change within the United States and to compare the United States to other nations. Begun in 1972, the GSS contains a standard 'core' of demographic, behavioral, and attitudinal questions, plus topics of special interest. Many of the core questions have remained unchanged since 1972 to facilitate time-trend studies as well as replication of earlier findings.

Curated

General Social Survey, 1978 (ICPSR 35307)

Released/updated on: 2016-06-30
Geographic coverage: United States
Time period: 1978-01-01--1978-12-31

The General Social Survey (GSS) conducts basic scientific research on the structure and development of American society with a data-collection program designed to both monitor societal change within the United States and to compare the United States to other nations. Begun in 1972, the GSS contains a standard 'core' of demographic, behavioral, and attitudinal questions, plus topics of special interest. Many of the core questions have remained unchanged since 1972 to facilitate time-trend studies as well as replication of earlier findings.

Curated

General Social Survey, 1980 (ICPSR 35310)

Released/updated on: 2016-06-30
Geographic coverage: United States
Time period: 1980-01-01--1980-12-31

The General Social Survey (GSS) conducts basic scientific research on the structure and development of American society with a data-collection program designed to both monitor societal change within the United States and to compare the United States to other nations. Begun in 1972, the GSS contains a standard 'core' of demographic, behavioral, and attitudinal questions, plus topics of special interest. Many of the core questions have remained unchanged since 1972 to facilitate time-trend studies as well as replication of earlier findings.

Curated

General Social Survey, 1982 (ICPSR 35311)

Released/updated on: 2016-06-30
Geographic coverage: United States
Time period: 1982-01-01--1982-12-31

The General Social Survey (GSS) conducts basic scientific research on the structure and development of American society with a data-collection program designed to both monitor societal change within the United States and to compare the United States to other nations. Begun in 1972, the GSS contains a standard 'core' of demographic, behavioral, and attitudinal questions, plus topics of special interest. Many of the core questions have remained unchanged since 1972 to facilitate time-trend studies as well as replication of earlier findings.

Curated

General Social Survey, 1983 (ICPSR 35312)

Released/updated on: 2016-06-30
Geographic coverage: United States
Time period: 1983-01-01--1983-12-31

The General Social Survey (GSS) conducts basic scientific research on the structure and development of American society with a data-collection program designed to both monitor societal change within the United States and to compare the United States to other nations. Begun in 1972, the GSS contains a standard 'core' of demographic, behavioral, and attitudinal questions, plus topics of special interest. Many of the core questions have remained unchanged since 1972 to facilitate time-trend studies as well as replication of earlier findings.

Curated

General Social Survey, 1984 (ICPSR 35313)

Released/updated on: 2016-06-30
Geographic coverage: United States
Time period: 1984-01-01--1984-12-31

The General Social Survey (GSS) conducts basic scientific research on the structure and development of American society with a data-collection program designed to both monitor societal change within the United States and to compare the United States to other nations. Begun in 1972, the GSS contains a standard 'core' of demographic, behavioral, and attitudinal questions, plus topics of special interest. Many of the core questions have remained unchanged since 1972 to facilitate time-trend studies as well as replication of earlier findings.

Curated

General Social Survey, 1985 (ICPSR 35314)

Released/updated on: 2016-06-30
Geographic coverage: United States
Time period: 1985-01-01--1985-12-31

The General Social Survey (GSS) conducts basic scientific research on the structure and development of American society with a data-collection program designed to both monitor societal change within the United States and to compare the United States to other nations. Begun in 1972, the GSS contains a standard 'core' of demographic, behavioral, and attitudinal questions, plus topics of special interest. Many of the core questions have remained unchanged since 1972 to facilitate time-trend studies as well as replication of earlier findings.

Curated

General Social Survey, 1986 (ICPSR 35315)

Released/updated on: 2016-06-30
Geographic coverage: United States
Time period: 1986-01-01--1986-12-31

The General Social Survey (GSS) conducts basic scientific research on the structure and development of American society with a data-collection program designed to both monitor societal change within the United States and to compare the United States to other nations. Begun in 1972, the GSS contains a standard 'core' of demographic, behavioral, and attitudinal questions, plus topics of special interest. Many of the core questions have remained unchanged since 1972 to facilitate time-trend studies as well as replication of earlier findings.

Curated

General Social Survey, 1987 (ICPSR 35316)

Released/updated on: 2016-06-30
Geographic coverage: United States
Time period: 1987-01-01--1987-12-31

The General Social Survey (GSS) conducts basic scientific research on the structure and development of American society with a data-collection program designed to both monitor societal change within the United States and to compare the United States to other nations. Begun in 1972, the GSS contains a standard 'core' of demographic, behavioral, and attitudinal questions, plus topics of special interest. Many of the core questions have remained unchanged since 1972 to facilitate time-trend studies as well as replication of earlier findings.

Curated

General Social Survey, 1988 (ICPSR 35317)

Released/updated on: 2016-06-30
Geographic coverage: United States
Time period: 1988-01-01--1988-12-31

The General Social Survey (GSS) conducts basic scientific research on the structure and development of American society with a data-collection program designed to both monitor societal change within the United States and to compare the United States to other nations. Begun in 1972, the GSS contains a standard 'core' of demographic, behavioral, and attitudinal questions, plus topics of special interest. Many of the core questions have remained unchanged since 1972 to facilitate time-trend studies as well as replication of earlier findings.

Curated

General Social Survey, 1989 (ICPSR 35318)

Released/updated on: 2016-06-30
Geographic coverage: United States
Time period: 1989-01-01--1989-12-31

The General Social Survey (GSS) conducts basic scientific research on the structure and development of American society with a data-collection program designed to both monitor societal change within the United States and to compare the United States to other nations. Begun in 1972, the GSS contains a standard 'core' of demographic, behavioral, and attitudinal questions, plus topics of special interest. Many of the core questions have remained unchanged since 1972 to facilitate time-trend studies as well as replication of earlier findings.

Curated

General Social Survey, 1990 (ICPSR 35320)

Released/updated on: 2016-06-30
Geographic coverage: United States
Time period: 1990-01-01--1990-12-31

The General Social Survey (GSS) conducts basic scientific research on the structure and development of American society with a data-collection program designed to both monitor societal change within the United States and to compare the United States to other nations. Begun in 1972, the GSS contains a standard 'core' of demographic, behavioral, and attitudinal questions, plus topics of special interest. Many of the core questions have remained unchanged since 1972 to facilitate time-trend studies as well as replication of earlier findings.

Curated

General Social Survey, 1991 (ICPSR 35321)

Released/updated on: 2016-06-30
Geographic coverage: United States
Time period: 1991-01-01--1991-12-31

The General Social Survey (GSS) conducts basic scientific research on the structure and development of American society with a data-collection program designed to both monitor societal change within the United States and to compare the United States to other nations. Begun in 1972, the GSS contains a standard 'core' of demographic, behavioral, and attitudinal questions, plus topics of special interest. Many of the core questions have remained unchanged since 1972 to facilitate time-trend studies as well as replication of earlier findings.

Curated

General Social Survey, 1993 (ICPSR 35322)

Released/updated on: 2016-06-30
Geographic coverage: United States
Time period: 1993-01-01--1993-12-31

The General Social Survey (GSS) conducts basic scientific research on the structure and development of American society with a data-collection program designed to both monitor societal change within the United States and to compare the United States to other nations. Begun in 1972, the GSS contains a standard 'core' of demographic, behavioral, and attitudinal questions, plus topics of special interest. Many of the core questions have remained unchanged since 1972 to facilitate time-trend studies as well as replication of earlier findings.

Curated

General Social Survey, 1994 (ICPSR 35323)

Released/updated on: 2016-06-30
Geographic coverage: United States
Time period: 1994-01-01--1994-12-31

The General Social Survey (GSS) conducts basic scientific research on the structure and development of American society with a data-collection program designed to both monitor societal change within the United States and to compare the United States to other nations. Begun in 1972, the GSS contains a standard 'core' of demographic, behavioral, and attitudinal questions, plus topics of special interest. Many of the core questions have remained unchanged since 1972 to facilitate time-trend studies as well as replication of earlier findings.

Curated

General Social Survey, 1996 (ICPSR 35324)

Released/updated on: 2016-06-30
Geographic coverage: United States
Time period: 1996-01-01--1996-12-31

The General Social Survey (GSS) conducts basic scientific research on the structure and development of American society with a data-collection program designed to both monitor societal change within the United States and to compare the United States to other nations. Begun in 1972, the GSS contains a standard 'core' of demographic, behavioral, and attitudinal questions, plus topics of special interest. Many of the core questions have remained unchanged since 1972 to facilitate time-trend studies as well as replication of earlier findings.

Curated

General Social Survey, 1998 (ICPSR 35325)

Released/updated on: 2016-06-30
Geographic coverage: United States
Time period: 1998-01-01--1998-12-31

The General Social Survey (GSS) conducts basic scientific research on the structure and development of American society with a data-collection program designed to both monitor societal change within the United States and to compare the United States to other nations. Begun in 1972, the GSS contains a standard 'core' of demographic, behavioral, and attitudinal questions, plus topics of special interest. Many of the core questions have remained unchanged since 1972 to facilitate time-trend studies as well as replication of earlier findings.

Curated

General Social Survey, 2000 (ICPSR 35326)

Released/updated on: 2016-06-30
Geographic coverage: United States
Time period: 2000-01-01--2000-12-31

The General Social Survey (GSS) conducts basic scientific research on the structure and development of American society with a data-collection program designed to both monitor societal change within the United States and to compare the United States to other nations. Begun in 1972, the GSS contains a standard 'core' of demographic, behavioral, and attitudinal questions, plus topics of special interest. Many of the core questions have remained unchanged since 1972 to facilitate time-trend studies as well as replication of earlier findings.

Curated

General Social Survey, 2002 (ICPSR 35327)

Released/updated on: 2016-06-30
Geographic coverage: United States
Time period: 2002-01-01--2002-12-31

The General Social Survey (GSS) conducts basic scientific research on the structure and development of American society with a data-collection program designed to both monitor societal change within the United States and to compare the United States to other nations. Begun in 1972, the GSS contains a standard 'core' of demographic, behavioral, and attitudinal questions, plus topics of special interest. Many of the core questions have remained unchanged since 1972 to facilitate time-trend studies as well as replication of earlier findings.

Curated

General Social Survey, 2004 (ICPSR 35328)

Released/updated on: 2016-06-30
Geographic coverage: United States
Time period: 2004-01-01--2004-12-31

The General Social Survey (GSS) conducts basic scientific research on the structure and development of American society with a data-collection program designed to both monitor societal change within the United States and to compare the United States to other nations. Begun in 1972, the GSS contains a standard 'core' of demographic, behavioral, and attitudinal questions, plus topics of special interest. Many of the core questions have remained unchanged since 1972 to facilitate time-trend studies as well as replication of earlier findings.

Curated

General Social Survey, 2006 (ICPSR 35329)

Released/updated on: 2016-06-30
Geographic coverage: United States
Time period: 2006-01-01--2006-12-31

The General Social Survey (GSS) conducts basic scientific research on the structure and development of American society with a data-collection program designed to both monitor societal change within the United States and to compare the United States to other nations. Begun in 1972, the GSS contains a standard 'core' of demographic, behavioral, and attitudinal questions, plus topics of special interest. Many of the core questions have remained unchanged since 1972 to facilitate time-trend studies as well as replication of earlier findings.

Curated

General Social Survey, 2008 (ICPSR 35330)

Released/updated on: 2016-06-30
Geographic coverage: United States
Time period: 2008-01-01--2008-12-31

The General Social Survey (GSS) conducts basic scientific research on the structure and development of American society with a data-collection program designed to both monitor societal change within the United States and to compare the United States to other nations. Begun in 1972, the GSS contains a standard 'core' of demographic, behavioral, and attitudinal questions, plus topics of special interest. Many of the core questions have remained unchanged since 1972 to facilitate time-trend studies as well as replication of earlier findings.

Curated

General Social Survey, 2010 (ICPSR 35331)

Released/updated on: 2016-06-30
Geographic coverage: United States
Time period: 2010-01-01--2010-12-31

The General Social Survey (GSS) conducts basic scientific research on the structure and development of American society with a data-collection program designed to both monitor societal change within the United States and to compare the United States to other nations. Begun in 1972, the GSS contains a standard 'core' of demographic, behavioral, and attitudinal questions, plus topics of special interest. Many of the core questions have remained unchanged since 1972 to facilitate time-trend studies as well as replication of earlier findings.

Curated

General Social Survey, 2012 (ICPSR 35332)

Released/updated on: 2016-06-30
Geographic coverage: United States
Time period: 2012-01-01--2012-12-31

The General Social Survey (GSS) conducts basic scientific research on the structure and development of American society with a data-collection program designed to both monitor societal change within the United States and to compare the United States to other nations. Begun in 1972, the GSS contains a standard 'core' of demographic, behavioral, and attitudinal questions, plus topics of special interest. Many of the core questions have remained unchanged since 1972 to facilitate time-trend studies as well as replication of earlier findings.

Curated
Simple Crosstabs

General Social Survey, 1972-2014 [Cumulative File] (ICPSR 36319)

Released/updated on: 2016-03-14
Geographic coverage: United States
Time period: 1972-01-01--2014-12-31
Since 1972, the General Social Survey (GSS) has been monitoring societal change and studying the growing complexity of American society. The GSS aims to gather data on contemporary American society in order to monitor and explain trends and constants in attitudes, behaviors, and attributes; to examine the structure and functioning of society in general as well as the role played by relevant subgroups; to compare the United States to other societies in order to place American society in comparative perspective and develop cross-national models of human society; and to make high-quality data easily accessible to scholars, students, policy makers, and others, with minimal cost and waiting. GSS questions include such items as national spending priorities, marijuana use, crime and punishment, race relations, quality of life, and confidence in institutions. Since 1988, the GSS has also collected data on sexual behavior including number of sex partners, frequency of intercourse, extramarital relationships, and sex with prostitutes. The 2014 GSS has modules on quality of working life, shared capitalism, wealth, work and family balance, social identity, social isolation, and civic participation. In 1985 the GSS co-founded the International Social Survey Program (ISSP). The ISSP has conducted an annual cross-national survey each year since then and has involved 58 countries and interviewed over one million respondents. The ISSP asks an identical battery of questions in all countries; the U.S. version of these questions is incorporated into the GSS. The 2014 ISSP topics are National Identity and Citizenship. Demographic variables include age, gender, race, ethnicity, education, marital status, religion, employment status, income, household structure, and whether respondents were born in the United States.
Curated
Simple Crosstabs

ESRU Social Mobility Survey in Mexico, 2006 (ICPSR 35333)

Released/updated on: 2015-06-03
Geographic coverage: Mexico
Time period: 2006-01-01--2006-12-31
The 2006 ESRU Social Mobility Survey in Mexico (SMSM) is the first nationally representative, fully probabilistic survey of inter-generational social mobility in Mexico. The main objective of the ESRU SMSM is to describe and analyze inter-generational socioeconomic mobility in Mexican society. The SMSM is a stratified multistage sample of 7,288 men and women aged 25-64 and living in private residences in Mexico. The survey collects information on the socioeconomic standing of the respondent and his/her spouse or partner, including education, occupation, income, assets, and wealth. It also includes information on the socioeconomic standing of the respondent's and his/her spouse/partner's parents and conditions when they were growing up. Additional topics include: international and domestic migration, health, occupational trajectory, opinions, and attitudes.
Curated
Simple Crosstabs

Boston Mobility Study, 1880 (ICPSR 7550)

Released/updated on: 2015-05-05
Geographic coverage: United States, Massachusetts, Boston
Time period: 1880-01-01--1930-12-31
This study was conducted to examine patterns of social mobility in Boston, Massachusetts. It contains individual-level demographic information such as amount of property, occupation, location of residence, and income at ten year intervals. It also contains a derived measure of intergenerational prestige mobility.
Curated
Simple Crosstabs

2001 Chilean Social Mobility Survey (ICPSR 35299)

Released/updated on: 2015-04-20
Geographic coverage: Chile
Time period: 2001-01-01--2001-12-31
The 2001 Chilean Social Mobility Survey examined inter-generational and intra-generational mobility in Chile. The data contain information on adult Chilean men's education, migration, current job, first job, social origins (parents' education, occupation, assets and living standards when the respondent was 14 years old), wife/partner, inter-generational transfers, household income and assets, respondent's siblings and focal brother, and respondent's opinions about inequality and determinants of economic well-being. Demographic variables include sex, age, education level, and socio-economic status.
Curated
Simple Crosstabs

High School and Beyond, 1980: Sophomore and Senior Cohort Third Follow-up (1986) (ICPSR 8896)

Released/updated on: 2014-01-21
Geographic coverage: United States
Time period: 1986-01-01--1986-12-31
This data collection represents the fourth wave of the High School and Beyond series. The base-year data (ICPSR 7896) were collected in 1980, and the first and second follow-ups (ICPSR 8297 and ICPSR 8443) were conducted in 1982 and 1984. The High School and Beyond series is a longitudinal study of students who were high school sophomores and seniors in 1980. As with the first and second follow-ups, the structure and documentation of High School and Beyond Third Follow-Up data files represent a departure from base-year (1980) practices. While the base-year student file contains data from both the senior and sophomore cohorts, the three follow-up surveys provide separate student files for the two cohorts. Each of the cohort files for this collection merges the base year and first and second follow-up data with the third follow-up data. To maintain comparability with prior waves, many questions from previous follow-up surveys were repeated on the third follow-up questionnaire. Respondents were asked to update background information and to provide information about their work experience, unemployment history, education and other training, family information, income, and other experiences and opinions. Event history formats were used for obtaining responses about jobs held, schools attended, periods of unemployment, and marriage patterns. New items were added on respondents' interest in graduate degree programs and on alcohol consumption habits. The transcript files, which present data taken from official records of academic and vocational schools, include information on program enrollments, periods of study, fields of study pursued, specific courses taken, and credentials earned.
Curated
Simple Crosstabs

General Social Survey, 1972-2012 [Cumulative File] (ICPSR 34802)

Released/updated on: 2013-09-11
Geographic coverage: United States
Time period: 1972-01-01--2012-12-31
The General Social Surveys (GSS) were designed as part of a data diffusion project in 1972. The GSS replicated questionnaire items and wording in order to facilitate time-trend studies. The latest survey, GSS 2012, includes a cumulative file that merges all 29 General Social Surveys into a single file containing data from 1972 to 2012. The items appearing in the surveys are one of three types: Permanent questions that occur on each survey, rotating questions that appear on two out of every three surveys (1973, 1974, and 1976, or 1973, 1975, and 1976), and a few occasional questions such as split ballot experiments that occur in a single survey. The 2012 surveys included seven topic modules: Jewish identity, generosity, workplace violence, science, skin tone, and modules for experimental and miscellaneous questions. The International Social Survey Program (ISSP) module included in the 2012 survey was gender. The data also contain several variables describing the demographic characteristics of the respondents.
Curated

General Social Survey, 1972-2010 [Cumulative File] (ICPSR 31521)

Released/updated on: 2013-02-07
Geographic coverage: United States
Time period: 1972-01-01--2010-12-31
The General Social Surveys (GSS) were designed as part of a data diffusion project in 1972. The GSS replicated questionnaire items and wording in order to facilitate time-trend studies. The latest survey, GSS 2010, includes a cumulative file that merges all 28 General Social Surveys into a single file containing data from 1972 to 2010. The items appearing in the surveys are one of three types: Permanent questions that occur on each survey, rotating questions that appear on two out of every three surveys (1973, 1974, and 1976, or 1973, 1975, and 1976), and a few occasional questions such as split ballot experiments that occur in a single survey. The 2010 surveys included four topic modules: quality of working life, science, shared capitalism, and CDC high risk behaviors. The International Social Survey Program (ISSP) module included in the 2010 survey was environment. The data also contain several variables describing the demographic characteristics of the respondents.
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