Group-based Integrative Pain Management: A Multi-level Approach to Address Intersectional Stigma and Social Isolation in Diverse Primary Care Safety Net Patients With Chronic Pain, San Francisco, 2023 (ICPSR 39497)
Socioeconomically disadvantaged populations have a high prevalence of chronic pain, exacerbated by social isolation, intersectional stigma, and disparities in pain assessment and treatment options. Effective interventions using a multilevel, biopsychosocial approach are needed to decrease the unequal burden of pain. This pilot study tests group-based integrative models of pain management in primary care safety net clinics to improve pain care for racially and ethnically diverse low-income patients.
The primary objective of this study is to evaluate the feasibility of key study design features for a randomized clinical trial of group-based integrative pain management in primary care safety clinics. Parameters of interest are feasibility of randomization and retention of participants, and intervention fidelity and adherence. A secondary objective of the study is to evaluate assessment procedures in preparation for a larger scale 2x2 factorial trial of group acupuncture and integrative group medical visits.
Building Late-Life Resilience to Prevent Elder Abuse: A Randomized Controlled Pilot Study of the EMPOWER Program, Arizona, 2019-2021 (ICPSR 38332)
Over the past two decades, as the proportion of older Americans has increased, so too have instances of elder abuse, including physical, emotional, and sexual abuse; financial exploitation; and caregiver neglect. The most recent national survey estimates show at least 1 in 10 community-residing older adults experience elder abuse each year, which translates to over 7 million Americans annually. Rates of abuse are magnified for older adults with the least financial and social resources, including those with low incomes, living in isolated rural communities, and facing structural barriers such as systemic racism. Emerging research on the COVID-19 pandemic prompts even greater concern for elder abuse: the virus has disproportionately affected older adults, resulting in increased social isolation, physical health impairment, and exposure to COVID-related fraud.
Recognizing the urgent need to develop and rigorously evaluate programs aimed at preventing elder abuse, the US Department of Justice's National Institute of Justice funded a demonstration from 2017 to 2021 during which researchers from the Urban Institute and practitioners at the Phoenix-based Area Agency on Aging, Region One ("the Area Agency") co-developed an elder abuse prevention program in Maricopa County, Arizona, which Urban's team then evaluated through a randomized controlled pilot study. This multiphase demonstration included an initial planning phase and a subsequent pilot study, which is the focus of this report.
The EMPOWER: Building Late-Life Resilience program is a 12-week in-home intervention, with one-hour weekly visits designed to empower community-residing older adults with the resiliency and resources to lead safe and healthy lives throughout the aging process. EMPOWER provides one-on-one assessments, client-centered prevention education, and needs-responsive life skills training embedded in a series of cognitive reframing conversations with an experienced facilitator. The program has eight modules, each of which culminates in an action plan focused on strengthening a client's internal assets and identifying sources of positive social support. Caseworkers facilitate motivational discussions centered on clients' self-identified goals and action planning, with the aim of optimizing clients' home safety, physical health, social connectedness, and emotional and financial well-being.
General Social Survey, 1972-2016 [Cumulative File] (ICPSR 36797)
Euro-Barometer 30: Immigrants and Out-Groups in Western Europe, October-November 1988 (ICPSR 9321)
Stroke Recovery in Underserved Populations 2005-2006 [United States] (ICPSR 36422)
The Stroke Recovery in Underserved Populations 2005-2006 study was created to address the National Institute on Aging (NIA) Request For Application entitled "Research on Mind-Body Interactions and Health" (RFA OD-03-008). It addressed the NIA interest in "the impact of optimism, happiness, or a positive attitude on well-being and health; and social functioning and health." The study examined how positive emotion (e.g., joy, gratitude, love, contentment) and social networks independently and interactively contribute to recovery of functional status after stroke within two underserved groups. The specific study aims were to:
- Examine recovery of functional status (motor and cognitive function), for White, African American and Hispanic persons with stroke discharged from rehabilitation facilities
- Examine the contributions of positive emotion and social networks on recovery of functional status (motor and cognitive function), for White, African American, and Hispanic persons with stroke discharged from rehabilitation facilities; and
- Examine the interaction between positive emotion and social networks on recovery of functional status (motor and cognitive function) for White, African American, and Hispanic persons with stroke discharged from rehabilitation facilities.
The data were collected by the IT Health Track at four time points: at admission and discharge from rehabilitation facility, and 80-180 days and 365-425 days after discharge. These data emphasize recovery of motor and cognitive functional status, positive emotion, and social networks
The dataset contains 226 variables and 1219 cases from 11 rehabilitation facilities across the United States.
General Social Survey, 1972-2014 [Cumulative File] (ICPSR 36319)
Euro-Barometer 40.0: Poverty and Social Exclusion, October-November 1993 (ICPSR 6360)
Moving to Opportunity: Final Impacts Evaluation Science Article Data, 2008-2010 (ICPSR 34860)
The Moving to Opportunity (MTO) program was a randomized housing experiment administered by the United States Department of Housing and Urban Development (HUD) that gave low-income families living in high-poverty areas the chance to move to lower-poverty areas. This Restricted Access Dataset (RAD) includes data from the 3,273 adults interviewed as part of the MTO long-term evaluation and is comprised of variables analyzed for the article "Neighborhood Effects on the Long-Term Well-Being of Low-Income Adults" that was published in the journal Science on September 21, 2012. The article focused on subjective well-being, physical and mental health, social networks, neighborhoods, housing, and economic self-sufficiency. Families were tracked from the baseline survey (1994-1998) through the long-term evaluation survey fielding period (2008-2010) with the purpose of determining the effects of "neighborhood" on participating families from five United States cities. Households were randomly assigned to one of three groups:
- The low-poverty voucher (LPV) group (also called the experimental group) received Section 8 rental assistance certificates or vouchers that they could use only in census tracts with 1990 poverty rates below 10 percent. The families received mobility counseling and help in leasing a new unit. One year after relocating, families could use their voucher to move again if they wished, without any special constraints on location.
- The traditional voucher (TRV) group (also called the Section 8 group) received regular Section 8 certificates or vouchers that they could use anywhere; these families received no special mobility counseling.
- The control group received no certificates or vouchers through MTO, but continued to be eligible for project-based housing assistance and other social programs and services to which they would otherwise be entitled.
The dataset contains all outcomes and mediators analyzed for the Science article, as well as a variety of demographic and other baseline measures that were controlled for in the analysis. Demographic information includes age, gender, race/ethnicity, employment status, and education level.