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This data collection was assembled to examine the geographic distribution of two-way dual language (TWDL) and one-way dual language (OWDL) bilingual education programs across Texas public school campuses during the 2020–2021 academic year. Campus-level bilingual program enrollment data were obtained from the Texas Education Agency (TEA) through a formal public information request submitted under the Texas Public Information Act. Geographic coordinate data were obtained from TEA's publicly available campus reference file for the 2021–2022 school year. Demographic context variables were drawn from the 2017–2021 American Community Survey 5-Year Estimates (U.S. Census Bureau), including county- and census tract-level data on nativity (Table B05012) and median household income (Table S1903). Geographic boundary files were obtained from the U.S. Census Bureau TIGER/Line Shapefiles (2021) at both the county and census tract levels.

The collection includes campus-level enrollment counts for six bilingual program types: TWDL, OWDL, ESL content-based, ESL pull-out, transitional bilingual early exit, and transitional bilingual late exit. Enrollment counts for small cell sizes were suppressed by TEA for privacy protection. The collection also includes derived variables consisting of normalized program enrollment ratios calculated as program-specific enrollment divided by total campus enrollment. Campus records include geographic coordinates, school type classification (public, charter, or alternative), district identifiers, and county identifiers. The collection additionally includes two derived shapefiles, one at the county level and one at the census tract level, in which TEA-restricted campus enrollment data are not present; these shapefiles contain only Census Bureau demographic variables (immigrant density and median household income) merged into TIGER/Line boundary geometry. Geographic coverage is the state of Texas. The data describe the 2020–2021 academic year.

This study sought to advance understanding of how school climate is a critical factor in school safety and violence prevention. Middle school and high school students and staff were surveyed over the span of eight years from 2013-2020. Middle school students and staff were surveyed during odd years (4 waves of data collection), and high school students and staff were surveyed the other even years (again four years of data collection). All four years of data per group were combined into a single dataset. A final file was created pooling all eight years of data collection averaging student and staff responses by school.

Both the student and teacher/staff surveys covered two domains: school climate and safety conditions. The school climate domain included perceptions of the school's disciplinary practices, student support efforts, and degree of student engagement in school. The safety conditions domain covered reports of bullying, teasing, sexual harassment, and other forms of peer aggression, including threats of violence, physical assault, dating aggression, and gang activity.

Previous research conducted by the Principal Investigators showed that an authoritative school climate characterized by high structure (strict but fair discipline and high academic expectations) and high support (positive teacher-student relationships) is associated with many positive outcomes. Students who attend schools with an authoritative school climate demonstrated more engagement in school, have higher school attendance and academic achievement, and are more likely to graduate. Students who experience a structured and supportive school climate may be more willing to follow school rules, respond to their teachers, and treat one another in a respectful manner. This study continues that prior work.

This study contains measures of neighborhood-school gap for 2009-2010 and 2015-2016. Neighborhood-school gap (NS gap) refers to the discrepancy between the demographics of a public school and its surrounding community. For example, if 60 percent of a school's student body is Black, but 30 percent of the neighborhood population is Black, the school has a positive Black neighborhood-school gap. These datasets measure gaps in race and poverty between elementary school student populations and the census tracts and ZIP code tabulation areas (ZCTAs) that those elementary schools serve. Data is at the census tract and ZCTA level. Supplemental data containing component variables used to calculate NS gap at the school and block group level is also available.

This data collection is comprised of responses from two sets of survey questionnaires, the basic Current Population Survey (CPS) and a survey on the topic of School Enrollment in the United States, which was administered as a supplement to the October CPS. The Census Bureau and the National Center for Education Statistics jointly sponsored the supplemental questions.

The CPS, administered monthly, is a labor force survey providing current estimates of the economic status and activities of the population of the United States, for the week prior to the survey. Specifically, the CPS provides estimates of total employment (both farm and nonfarm), nonfarm self-employed persons, domestics, and unpaid helpers in nonfarm family enterprises, wage and salaried employees, and estimates of total unemployment.

The October supplemental survey queried respondents on school enrollment for all persons in the household aged three and over. Information was collected on current grade at public or private school, whether attending college full- or part-time at a two-or four-year institution, year last attended a regular school, year graduated from high school, grade retention, library use, library accessibility, and resources for people with disabilities. Demographic variables include age, sex, race, Hispanic origin, marital status, veteran status, educational attainment, occupation, and income.

This data collection is comprised of responses from two sets of survey questionnaires, the basic Current Population Survey (CPS) and a survey on the topics of School Enrollment and Internet Use in the United States, which was administered as a supplement to the 2009 October CPS. The Census Bureau and the National Center for Education Statistics jointly sponsored the supplemental questions for October.

The CPS, administered monthly, is a labor force survey providing current estimates of the economic status and activities of the population of the United States, for the week prior to the survey. Specifically, the CPS provides estimates of total employment (both farm and nonfarm), nonfarm self-employed persons, domestics, and unpaid helpers in nonfarm family enterprises, wage and salaried employees, and estimates of total unemployment.

The October 2009 supplemental survey queried respondents on school enrollment for all persons in the household aged three years and over. Supplement data includes information collected on current grade at public or private school, whether currently attending college full- or part-time at a two- or four-year institution, year last attended a regular school, year graduated from high school, grade retention, and whether any business, vocational, technical, trade, or correspondence courses were ever taken. Respondents were also queried on Internet and computer use, particularly if members of the household use the Internet, and how access to the Internet is obtained.

Demographic variables include age, sex, race, Hispanic origin, marital status, veteran status, educational attainment, occupation, and income.

This data collection is comprised of responses from two sets of survey questionnaires, the basic Current Population Survey (CPS) and a survey on the topics of School Enrollment and Internet Use in the United States, which was administered as a supplement to the October 2007 CPS. The supplement questions were jointly sponsored by the Census Bureau, the National Center for Education Statistics, and the National Telecommunications and Information Administration.

The CPS, administered monthly, is a labor force survey providing current estimates of the economic status and activities of the population of the United States, for the week prior to the survey. Specifically, the CPS provides estimates of total employment (both farm and nonfarm), nonfarm self-employed persons, domestics, and unpaid helpers in nonfarm family enterprises, wage and salaried employees, and estimates of total unemployment.

The October 2007 supplemental survey queried respondents on school enrollment for all persons in the household aged three years and over. Supplement data includes information collected on current grade at public or private school, whether currently attending college full- or part-time at a two- or four-year institution, year last attended a regular school, year graduated from high school, grade retention, and whether any business, vocational, technical, trade, or correspondence courses were ever taken. Respondents were also queried on Internet and computer use, particularly if members of the household use the Internet, and how access to the Internet is obtained.

Demographic variables include age, sex, race, Hispanic origin, marital status, veteran status, educational attainment, occupation, and income.

This data collection is comprised of responses from two sets of survey questionnaires, the basic Current Population Survey (CPS) and a survey on the topic of School Enrollment in the United States, which was administered as a supplement to the 2008 October CPS. The Census Bureau and the National Center for Education Statistics also jointly sponsored the supplemental questions for October.

The CPS, administered monthly, is a labor force survey providing current estimates of the economic status and activities of the population of the United States, for the week prior to the survey. Specifically, the CPS provides estimates of total employment (both farm and nonfarm), nonfarm self-employed persons, domestics, and unpaid helpers in nonfarm family enterprises, wage and salaried employees, and estimates of total unemployment.

The October 2008 supplemental survey queried respondents on school enrollment for all persons in the household aged three and over. Supplement data includes information collected on current grade at public or private school, whether currently attending college full- or part-time at a two- or four-year institution, year last attended a regular school, year graduated from high school, grade retention, and whether any business, vocational, technical, trade, or correspondence courses were ever taken. Demographic variables include age, sex, race, Hispanic origin, marital status, veteran status, educational attainment, occupation, and income.

This data collection is comprised of responses from two sets of survey questionnaires, the basic Current Population Survey (CPS) and a survey on the topics of School Enrollment and Internet Use in the United States, which was administered as a supplement to the 2010 October CPS. The Census Bureau and the National Center for Education Statistics jointly sponsored the supplemental questions for October.

The CPS, administered monthly, is a labor force survey providing current estimates of the economic status and activities of the population of the United States, for the week prior to the survey. Specifically, the CPS provides estimates of total employment (both farm and nonfarm), nonfarm self-employed persons, domestics, and unpaid helpers in nonfarm family enterprises, wage and salaried employees, and estimates of total unemployment.

The October 2010 supplemental survey queried respondents on school enrollment for all persons in the household aged three years and over. Supplement data includes information collected on current grade at public or private school, whether currently attending college full- or part-time at a two- or four-year institution, year last attended a regular school, year graduated from high school, grade retention, and whether any business, vocational, technical, trade, or correspondence courses were ever taken. Respondents were also queried on Internet and computer use, particularly if members of the household use the Internet, and how access to the Internet is obtained.

Demographic variables include age, sex, race, Hispanic origin, marital status, veteran status, educational attainment, occupation, and income.

This data collection is comprised of responses from two sets of survey questionnaires, the basic Current Population Survey (CPS) and a survey on the topic of School Enrollment in the United States, which was administered as a supplement to the 2006 October CPS. The Census Bureau and the National Center for Education Statistics also jointly sponsor the supplemental questions for October.

The CPS, administered monthly, is a labor force survey providing current estimates of the economic status and activities of the population of the United States, for the week prior to the survey. Specifically, the CPS provides estimates of total employment (both farm and nonfarm), nonfarm self- employed persons, domestics, and unpaid helpers in nonfarm family enterprises, wage and salaried employees, and estimates of total unemployment.

The October supplemental survey queried respondents on school enrollment for all persons in the household aged three and over. Information was collected on current grade at public or private school, whether attending college full- or part-time at a two-or four-year institution, year last attended a regular school, year graduated from high school, grade retention, and whether any business, vocational, technical, trade, or correspondence courses were ever taken. Demographic variables include age, sex, race, Hispanic origin, marital status, veteran status, educational attainment, occupation, and income.