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Showing 1 – 7 of 7 results.

Curated

CBS News/New York Times New York State Poll #2, February 2000 (ICPSR 2927)

Released/updated on: 2008-12-04

Geographic coverage: United States, New York (state)

This special topic poll, fielded February 24-27, 2000, is part of a continuing series of monthly surveys that solicit public opinion on the presidency and a range of other political and social issues. The focus of this data collection was on the upcoming March 7, 2000, presidential primary in New York State. Residents of New York State were asked about the way Governor George Pataki was handling his job and the single most important issue for the federal government to address in the coming year. Those who were registered to vote were asked to give their opinions of President Bill Clinton, Vice President Al Gore, Texas Governor George W. Bush, former New Jersey Senator Bill Bradley, and Arizona Senator John McCain. Respondents were asked whether they were paying attention to the presidential campaign, the likelihood that they would vote in the upcoming presidential primary and for which party, which candidate they were leaning toward, and why. Registered Republicans were asked whether Governor Pataki's support of George W. Bush would affect their vote in the Republican primary and which Republican candidate was more likely to defeat the eventual Democratic presidential nominee. A series of questions queried respondents on whether participation in party primaries should be restricted to registered members of the party, what motives Democrats and Independents might have in voting in the New York State Republican primary, and on George W. Bush's recent speech at Bob Jones University. In addition, all respondents in the poll were asked about the recent outcome of the Amadou Diallo shooting case. Demographic information includes age, sex, race, education level, marital status, household income, religious preference, political party affiliation, political philosophy, and voter registration and participation history.

Curated

Partially restricted

Simple Crosstabs

Developing a Common Metric for Evaluating Police Performance in Deadly Force Situations in the United States, 2009-2011 (ICPSR 33141)

Released/updated on: 2014-06-18

Geographic coverage: United States

Time period: 2009-07-01--2011-09-01

This study developed interval-level measurement scales for evaluating police officer performance during real or simulated deadly force situations. Through a two-day concept mapping focus group, statements were identified to describe two sets of dynamics: the difficulty (D) of a deadly force situation and the performance (P) of a police officer in that situation. These statements were then operationalized into measurable Likert-scale items that were scored by 291 use of force instructors from more than 100 agencies across the United States using an online survey instrument. The dataset resulting from this process contains a total of 685 variables, comprised of 312 difficulty statement items, 278 performance statement items, and 94 variables that measure the demographic characteristics of the scorers.

Curated

Simple Crosstabs

Improving Officer Decision-Making: Can Personality Predict Outcomes in Use of Force Decisions? North Carolina and South Carolina, 2018-2020 (ICPSR 38687)

Released/updated on: 2024-04-11

Geographic coverage: North Carolina, United States, South Carolina

Time period: 2018-01-01--2020-09-30

The current study sought to examine the impact of select psychological, cognitive, professional experience and social network factors on police officers' decisions to use force. Additionally, the study examined the impact of a brief citizen education intervention (i.e. the completion of police officer training simulations) on citizens' attitudes toward police and use of force. All participants completed three training scenarios inside a firearms training simulator.

A sample of law enforcement officers and civilians took part in the study. Participants completed a series of questionnaires designed to measure, among other things:

Positive and Negative Emotionality
Need for Cognition
Cognitive Reflection
Professional experiences as a police officer (law enforcement participants only)
Size of friendship networks within the workplace (law enforcement participants only)
Perceptions of how their friendship networks would be impacted if the participant were to use excessive force (law enforcement participants only)
Pre-post measures of attitudes toward police (civilian participants only)

Curated

Multi-Method Study of Police Special Weapons and Tactics Teams in the United States, 1986-1998 (ICPSR 20351)

Released/updated on: 2007-12-10

Geographic coverage: United States

Time period: 1986-01-01--1998-01-01

This research study was designed to pursue three specific goals to accomplish its objective of enhancing knowledge about Special Weapons and Tactics (SWAT) teams and the role they play in contemporary American policing. The first goal was to develop a better picture of the structure and nature of SWAT teams in American law enforcement. The second goal of the research project was to increase the amount of knowledge about how SWAT teams prepare for and execute operations. The project's third goal was to develop information about one specific aspect of SWAT operations: the use of force, especially deadly force, by both officers and suspects. To gather this information, the SWAT Operations Survey (SOS) was conducted. This was a nationwide survey of law enforcement agencies with 50 or more sworn officers. The survey sought information about the agencies' emergency response capabilities and structures. The SOS included two instruments: (1) the Operations Form, completed by a total of 341 agencies, and containing variables about the organization and functioning of SWAT teams, and (2) the Firearms Discharge Report, which includes a total of 273 shootings of interest, as well as items about incidents in which SWAT officers and suspects discharged firearms during SWAT operations.

Curated

Police Use of Deadly Force, 1970-1979 (ICPSR 9018)

Released/updated on: 1992-02-16

Geographic coverage: United States

Time period: 1970-01-01--1979-01-01

The circumstances surrounding "justifiable homicides" by police are the focus of this data collection, which examines occurrences in 57 United States cities during the period 1970-1979. Homicides by on- and off-duty police officers serving communities of 250,000 or more were studied. Data were collected through a survey questionnaire sent to police executives of the 57 cities. The Federal Bureau of Investigation supplied data on justifiable homicides by police, including age, sex, and race data. The variables include number of sworn officers, number of supervisory officers, average years of education, department regulations about issues such as off-duty employment, uniforms, carrying firearms, and disciplinary actions, in-service training, pre-service training, firearms practice, assignments without firearms, on-duty deaths, and off-duty deaths. The study was funded by a grant from the National Institute of Justice to the International Association of Chiefs of Police.

Curated

Restricted

Street Stops and Police Legitimacy: Accountability and Legal Socialization in Everyday Policing of Young Adults in New York City, 2011-2013 (ICPSR 35217)

Released/updated on: 2017-03-30

Geographic coverage: New York City, United States, New York (state)

Time period: 2011-09-20--2013-10-14

These data are part of NACJD's Fast Track Release and are distributed as they there received from the data depositor. The files have been zipped by NACJD for release, but not checked or processed except of the removal of direct identifiers. Users should refer to the accompany readme file for a brief description of the files available with this collections and consult the investigator(s) if further information is needed.

This study interviewed young men living in New York City about their experiences being stopped by the police on the street or in their cars. It examined how experience with the police as well as general evaluations of police policies, practices and behaviors in the respondent's neighborhood shaped views about police legitimacy, and law related behavior, such as compliance with the law and cooperation with legal authorities.

Curated

Simple Crosstabs

Understanding the Organizational Factors that Impact Police-Community Relations, United States, 2003-2015 (ICPSR 39082)

Released/updated on: 2025-09-29

Geographic coverage: United States

Time period: 2003-01-01--2015-01-01

This study looks at the impact of police departments' organizational and managerial characteristics on police-community relations. Particular attention is paid to communities of color in the analysis. The dataset merges variables from various data sources. These include the following series housed within ICPSR:

Two sub-series within the The Uniform Crime Reporting Program Data Series: Law Enforcement Officers Killed and Assaulted (LEOKA), and Offenses Known and Clearances by Arrest
The Law Enforcement Management and Administrative Statistics (LEMAS) Series

Additionally, the following sources are also contained in the final dataset and available online:

The Fatal Encounters and Police Violence Project, both of which track the number of people killed by police.
The American Community Survey, which is conducted by the U.S. Census Bureau.

Variables include officer counts, demographics, weapons used, technologies, duties performed, salary figures, department units, qualifications, training structure, budgets, states, and addresses by department. Total crimes for each jurisdiction are collected. The presence of officer foot patrols, civilian review boards, and other community policing initiatives are measured. Violence committed against officers and civilians are included. Demographic variables of residents of jurisdictions including poverty, housing status, race, marital status are collected as well.