Market Dominance of GCash in the Philippine Digital Payment Ecosystem: A Secondary Data Analysis (ICPSR 309020)
Abstract
The rapid expansion of digital payment systems has transformed financial transactions in the Philippines, with mobile wallet platforms becoming central to everyday economic activities. This study examines the market dominance of GCash within the Philippine digital payment ecosystem using a secondary data analysis approach. Data were synthesized from official statistics, industry reports, and fintech market analyses to examine trends in digital payment adoption, mobile wallet usage, merchant integration, and market growth. Findings indicate an increase in digital payment adoption, with the share of digital retail payments rising from approximately 1% in 2013 to 57.4% in 2024. Concurrently, GCash experienced user expansion, growing from 20 million registered users in 2019 to more than 81 million in 2023, alongside a merchant network exceeding 2.5 million partners nationwide. Comparative analysis also shows that GCash maintains the most comprehensive service ecosystem among Philippine e-wallet platforms, contributing to its widespread adoption among consumers and small businesses. The results suggest that platform accessibility, trust, convenience, and network effects contribute to the platform’s dominant position. This study provides empirical insight into the structural and behavioral factors shaping digital payment adoption in the Philippines and highlights the role of fintech platforms in supporting the country’s expanding digital economy.
The New Immigrant Survey Round 1 (NIS-2003-1), United States, 2003-2004 [Public and Restricted-Use Version 1] (ICPSR 38031)
The New Immigrant Survey (NIS) was a nationally representative, longitudinal study of new legal immigrants to the United States and their children. The sampling frame was based on the electronic administrative records compiled for new legal permanent residents (LPRs) by the U.S. government (via, formerly, the U.S. Immigration and Naturalization Service (INS) and now its successor agencies, the U.S. Citizenship and Immigration Services (USCIS) and the Office of Immigration Statistics (OIS)). The sample was drawn from new legal immigrants during May through November of 2003. The geographic sampling design took advantage of the natural clustering of immigrants. It included all top 85 Metropolitan Statistical Areas (MSAs) and all top 38 counties, plus a random sample of MSAs and counties. The baseline survey was conducted from June 2003 to June 2004 and yielded data on:
- 8,573 Adult Sample respondents,
- 810 sponsor-parents of the Sampled Child,
- 4,915 spouses,
- and 1,072 children aged 8-12.
Interviews were conducted in the respondents' language of choice. The Round 1 questionnaire items that were used in social-demographic-migration surveys around the world as well as the major U.S. longitudinal surveys were reviewed in order to achieve comparability. The NIS content includes the following information: demographic, health and insurance, migration history, living conditions, transfers, employment history, income, assets, social networks, religion, housing environment, and child assessment tests.
The New Immigrant Survey Round 2 (NIS-2003-2), United States, 2007-2009 [Public and Restricted-Use Version 1] (ICPSR 38061)
The New Immigrant Survey (NIS) was a nationally representative, longitudinal study of new legal immigrants to the United States and their children. The sampling frame was based on the electronic administrative records compiled for new legal permanent residents (LPRs) by the U.S. government (via, formerly, the U.S. Immigration and Naturalization Service (INS) and now its successor agencies, the U.S. Citizenship and Immigration Services (USCIS) and the Office of Immigration Statistics (OIS)). The sample was drawn from new legal immigrants during May through November of 2003. The geographic sampling design took advantage of the natural clustering of immigrants. It included all top 85 Metropolitan Statistical Areas (MSAs) and all top 38 counties, plus a random sample of MSAs and counties. The baseline survey (ICPSR 38031) was conducted from June 2003 to June 2004 and yielded data on:
- 8,573 Adult Sample respondents,
- 810 sponsor-parents of the Sampled Child,
- 4,915 spouses,
- and 1,072 children aged 8-12.
This study contains the follow-up interview, conducted from June 2007 to October 2009, and yielded data on:
- 3,902 Adult Sample respondents,
- 351 sponsor-parents of the Sampled Child,
- 1,771 spouses,
- and 41 now-adult main children.
Interviews were conducted in the respondents' language of choice. Round 2 instruments were designed to track changes from the baseline and also included new questions. As with the Round 1 questionnaire, questions that were used in social-demographic-migration surveys around the world as well as the major U.S. longitudinal surveys were reviewed in order to achieve comparability. The NIS content includes the following information: demographics, health and insurance, migration history, living conditions, transfers, employment history, income, assets, social networks, religion, housing environment, and child assessment tests.
The New Immigrant Survey Round 2 (NIS-2003-2), United States, 2007-2009 [Restricted-Use Version 2] (ICPSR 38064)
The New Immigrant Survey (NIS) was a nationally representative, longitudinal study of new legal immigrants to the United States and their children. The sampling frame was based on the electronic administrative records compiled for new legal permanent residents (LPRs) by the U.S. government (via, formerly, the U.S. Immigration and Naturalization Service (INS) and now its successor agencies, the U.S. Citizenship and Immigration Services (USCIS) and the Office of Immigration Statistics (OIS)). The sample was drawn from new legal immigrants during May through November of 2003. The geographic sampling design took advantage of the natural clustering of immigrants. It included all top 85 Metropolitan Statistical Areas (MSAs) and all top 38 counties, plus a random sample of MSAs and counties. The baseline survey (ICPSR 38031) was conducted from June 2003 to June 2004 and yielded data on:
- 8,573 Adult Sample respondents,
- 810 sponsor-parents of the Sampled Child,
- 4,915 spouses,
- and 1,072 children aged 8-12.
This study contains the follow-up interview, conducted from June 2007 to October 2009, and yielded data on:
Interviews were conducted in the respondents' language of choice. Round 2 instruments were designed to track changes from the baseline and also included new questions. As with the Round 1 questionnaire, questions that were used in social-demographic-migration surveys around the world as well as the major U.S. longitudinal surveys were reviewed in order to achieve comparability. The NIS content includes the following information: demographic, health and insurance, migration history, living conditions, transfers, employment history, income, assets, social networks, religion, housing environment, and child assessment tests.
Primary Care Audit Study for 10 States in the United States, 2012-2013, 2014 & 2016 (ICPSR 36785)
Coverage expansion under the Affordable Care Act (ACA) has important implications for access, and the value of coverage is dependent on the ability to access care. Most information about access to care comes from household or physician surveys.
The current data collection was gathered as a part of the Primary Care Audit Study for 10 States in the United States, 2012-2013, 2014 and 2016 to assess variation in access to primary care using a methodology that was applied across different types of states (Arkansas, Georgia, Illinois, Iowa, Massachusetts, Montana, New Jersey, Oregon, Pennsylvania, and Texas) at baseline and over-time. The project was broken up into three phases: before the ACA (2012-2013), during the launch of ACA coverage provisions such as the Medicaid fee bump and ACA marketplaces (2014), and after the full ACA implementation (2016). Insurance types in the study included commercial coverage, Medicaid, uninsured, and, in 2014 and 2016, plans purchased on the ACA market place.
The audit-level file, featured in part one of the collection, includes all completed calls and provides information from multiple dimensions (appointment availability, wait times, simulated patients' demographics, cost information, etc.).
The office-level file, featured in part two of the collection, covers all eligible offices and their characteristics (e.g., size, insurance acceptability, cost information, etc.) collected from the screening phase.
Demographic variables include simulated caller number, race, gender, and age.