Showing 1 – 17 of 17 results.
Curated
American Public Opinion and U.S. Foreign Policy, 1975 (ICPSR 5808)
Released/updated on: 2006-01-18
Geographic coverage: United States
For this study surveys were conducted with a sample of Americans in leadership positions with the greatest influence upon and knowledge about foreign relations, and a public sample of Americans aged 18 and older in 1974. The surveys were commissioned by the Chicago Council on Foreign Relations for the purpose of answering certain questions relating to foreign policy. Questionnaires were developed and implemented by Louis Harris and Associates, Inc. Many questions asked in both surveys were identical in order to facilitate a comparison of the kind and frequency of responses. Data are provided on the attitudes and opinions of the public and the leaders on the extent and role of United States' involvement in world affairs and the amount of domestic support for this involvement, how and by whom the United States' foreign policy should be formed, and the relationship between domestic and foreign policies in the context of growing United States' interdependence with other countries. The Leadership Sample data file (Part 1) consists of a sample of 330 Americans in leadership positions drawn in roughly equal proportions from the following sub-populations: senators and representatives, officials of the Department of State, officials with international responsibilities from other government departments, the business community, communications, and education. Also, in somewhat smaller numbers, leaders were drawn from major labor unions and ethnic and religious organizations. The Public Sample data file (Part 2) consists of a stratified systematic national sample of 1,513 American respondents.
Curated
American Public Opinion and U.S. Foreign Policy, 1982 (ICPSR 8130)
Released/updated on: 1992-02-16
Geographic coverage: United States
This data collection consists of two surveys conducted in the United States during the final months of 1982 by the Gallup Organization. Variables measure attitudes concerning the role of the United States in the world. Issues include the relationship between domestic and foreign policy priorities, the appropriate response to the increasing diplomatic and political as well as military reach of the Soviet Union, the shift in foreign policy priorities, and the roles of various individuals and institutions in the implementation of foreign policy. Part 1 is a public survey involving a stratified, weighted, systematic national sample of 1,547 respondents aged 18 and older. Part 2 is a leadership sample including 341 individuals representing Americans in senior positions with knowledge of international affairs. Roughly equal proportions were chosen from the national political and governmental world, including senators and representatives (members of the Foreign Relations, International Relations, and Armed Services committees), and officials with international responsibilities from the State, Treasury, Defense, and other departments, and from the business community, the communications field, education, and foreign policy institutes. A smaller number of leaders was drawn from national unions, churches, voluntary organizations, and ethnic organizations.
Curated
American Public Opinion and U.S. Foreign Policy, 1986 (ICPSR 8712)
Released/updated on: 2006-01-18
Geographic coverage: United States
This data collection offers information on the opinions and attitudes of the general public and a select group of elites, or opinion leaders, on matters relating to foreign policy. The primary objectives of this study were to define the parameters of public opinion within which decision makers must operate and to compare the attitudes of the general public with those of opinion leaders. For the purposes of this study, "opinion leaders" are defined as those who are in positions of leadership in government, academia, business and labor, the media, religious institutions, special interest groups, and private foreign policy organizations. Variables in the general public cross-section file and the elite file include opinions on specific foreign policy problems, economic and military aid to other countries, the role of the United States in foreign affairs, use of United States troops in other parts of the world, a nuclear freeze, the proposed Strategic Defense Initiative ("Star Wars"), and terrorism. Demographic characteristics such as age, sex, race, income, marital status, and educational achievement are also supplied in the cross-section file, along with feeling thermometers which probe for the respondent's attitudes toward various foreign countries and toward well-known political figures. A follow-up survey of the general public was also undertaken to identify changes in attitudes that might have occurred in the aftermath of the Iran/Contra affair. This follow-up file contains a limited set of pertinent variables from the original general public cross-section study.
Curated
American Public Opinion and U.S. Foreign Policy, 1990 (ICPSR 9564)
Released/updated on: 2007-08-02
Geographic coverage: United States
This data collection is the 1990 version of a quadrennial study designed to investigate the opinions and attitudes of the general public and of a select group of opinion leaders (or elites) on matters relating to foreign policy. The primary objectives of this study were to define the parameters of public opinion within which decision makers must operate and to compare the attitudes of the general public with those of opinion leaders. For the purposes of this study, "opinion leaders" are defined as those who are in positions of leadership in government, academia, business and labor, the media, religious institutions, special interest groups, and private foreign policy organizations. Both general public and elite respondents were questioned regarding the biggest problems/foreign policy problems facing the United States today, spending levels for various federal government programs, the role of Congress in determining foreign policy, the impact of foreign policy on things such as prices and unemployment, economic aid to other nations, military aid/selling military equipment to other nations, the role of the United States in world affairs, the Bush administration's handling of various problems, government reactions to situations in Kuwait, Panama, and China, the importance of various countries to America's vital interests, possible threats/adversaries to the United States in coming years, and the use of United States military troops in other parts of the world. Other topics covered include the relative importance of several foreign policy goals, United States relations with the Soviet Union, Cuba, and Vietnam, NATO and keeping troops in western Europe, the military role of Japan and Germany, the economic unification of western Europe, the Israeli-Palestinian dispute, policy options to reduce dependence on foreign oil, the illegal drug problem, free trade, and the respondent's political party affiliation and the strength of that affiliation. In addition, general populace respondents were asked to indicate their level of political activity, how closely they followed news about several current issues and events, and to rate various foreign countries and American and foreign leaders on a feeling thermometer scale. Demographic characteristics such as religious preference, marital status, employment status, household composition, education, age, Hispanic origin, race, sex, and income also were gathered for these respondents.
Curated
Simple Crosstabs
American Public Opinion and U.S. Foreign Policy, 1994 (ICPSR 6561)
Released/updated on: 2016-01-27
Geographic coverage: United States
This study is part of a quadrennial series designed to investigate the opinions and attitudes of both the general public and a select group of opinion leaders (or elites) on matters relating to foreign policy, and to define the parameters of public opinion within which decision-makers must operate. Both general public and elite respondents were queried regarding the biggest problems facing the United States, the spending levels for various federal government programs, the role of Congress in determining foreign policy, the impact of foreign policy on issues like prices and unemployment, and the Clinton Administration's handling of various problems such as the overall foreign policy, the overall trade policy, immigration, and the relations with Latin America, Japan, Russia, Cuba, Vietnam, and the Middle East. Questions were also asked about the government's reactions to the ongoing situations in Bosnia, North Korea, Haiti, Cuba, Rwanda, and the Middle East, the importance of various countries to America's vital interests, and possible adversaries or threats to the United States in the near future. Issues like the presence of NATO troops in Western Europe, the military role of Japan and Germany, the economic unification of Western Europe, the Israeli-Palestinian dispute, the North American Free Trade Agreement (NAFTA), and the illegal drugs problem were also explored. In addition, the elites were asked several questions about their political party affiliation and the strength of that affiliation. Demographic data such as religious preference, marital status, employment status, household composition, education, age, Hispanic origin, race, sex, and income were only collected for the general population sample.
Curated
American Public Opinion and U.S. Foreign Policy, 1998 (ICPSR 2747)
Released/updated on: 2000-03-15
Geographic coverage: United States
This study is part of a quadrennial series designed to investigate the opinions and attitudes of the general public and a select group of opinion leaders on matters relating to foreign policy, and to define the parameters of public opinion within which decision-makers must operate. Through telephone surveys, general public respondents (Part 2) were interviewed October 15-November 10, 1998, and opinion leaders (Part 1) were interviewed November 2-December 21, 1998. Respondents were asked to assess their level of interest in the news and specifically in foreign policy. Respondents were also asked whether concern for foreign policy is important in a presidential candidate, and their views were sought on the foreign policy records of President Bill Clinton and former presidents George Bush, Ronald Reagan, Jimmy Carter, Gerald Ford, Richard Nixon, Lyndon Johnson, John F. Kennedy, Dwight Eisenhower, and Harry Truman. Those queried were asked for their opinions on economic aid to foreign nations, including Egypt, Poland, Russia, Israel, and African nations. In addition, respondents were asked to rate the Clinton administration on foreign policy, trade policy, immigration policy, United States relations with China, Japan, and Russia, international terrorism, the situation in the former Yugoslavia, the Arab-Israeli peace process, the situation in Iraq, nuclear proliferation, the situation in Northern Ireland, and the Asian financial crisis. Views were also sought on whether United States' vital interests were present in Egypt, Germany, Japan, Mexico, Israel, Canada, Brazil, Russia, Haiti, Bosnia, Indonesia, Kuwait, Great Britain, Saudi Arabia, China, France, the Baltic nations, South Korea, Poland, South Africa, Taiwan, Cuba, India, Turkey, Iran, and Afghanistan. A series of questions addressed potential threats to those vital interests. Additional topics covered the foreign policy goals of the United States, bloodshed in the 21st century, measures to combat international terrorism, the United States' commitment to the North Atlantic Treaty Organization (NATO), the United States' contributions to the International Monetary Fund (IMF), and United States involvement in United Nations peacekeeping operations. Respondents were asked to rate their feelings toward Great Britain, Saudi Arabia, China, France, Taiwan, South Korea, Cuba, Argentina, Pakistan, Nigeria, Turkey, Italy, Russia, North Korea, Germany, Iran, Japan, Mexico, Israel, Iraq, India, Canada, and Brazil. Respondents were also asked for their opinions of President Bill Clinton, Russian President Boris Yeltsin, Secretary of State Madeleine Albright, Pope John Paul II, former President George Bush, former President Jimmy Carter, German Chancellor Gerhard Schroeder, South African President Nelson Mandela, European Union President Jacques Santer, Cuban President Fidel Castro, Chinese President Jiang Zemin, British Prime Minister Tony Blair, Iraqi President Saddam Hussein, Israeli Prime Minister Benjamin Netanyahu, Palestinian Leader Yasser Arafat, French President Jacques Chirac, and Serbian President Slobodan Milosovic. Further queries focused on whether United States troops should be used if North Korea invaded South Korea, if Iraq invaded Saudi Arabia, if Arab forces invaded Israel, if Russia invaded Poland, if the Cuban people attempted to overthrow the Castro regime, if China invaded Taiwan, or if Serbian forces killed large numbers of ethnic Albanians. Respondents were asked whether they supported the use of economic sanctions against Cuba, Iraq, Iran, North Korea, and China. Additional topics covered the elimination of tariffs, globalization, the establishment of a Palestinian state, the United States' role as a world leader, United States federal government program spending, and whether the United States should pay the $1.6 billion owed to the United Nations. Opinion leaders were asked an additional question about the possible threat of the "euro" (the unified monetary system to be implemented in January 1999 by the European Union) to the United States dollar's supremacy as a reserve currency. Background information on general public respondents includes age, race, sex, political party, political orientation, religion, marital status, spouse's employment status, age of children in household, amount of time spent at home, employment status, occupation, position in household, education, home ownership status, and household income. Background information on opinion leaders includes age, sex, education, political party, and political orientation.
Curated
American Public Opinion and U.S. Foreign Policy, 2002 (ICPSR 3673)
Released/updated on: 2005-12-15
Geographic coverage: United States
This study is part of a quadrennial series designed to investigate the opinions and attitudes of the general public and a select group of opinion leaders on matters related to foreign policy, and to define the parameters of public opinion within which decision-makers must operate. Respondents were asked for their opinions regarding the level of funding for federal programs such as aid to education, defense spending, military aid to other countries, gathering intelligence about other countries, homeland security, and the amount of the federal budget that does or should go toward foreign aid, as well as European government funding for defense spending and economic aid to other countries. Respondents were also queried regarding their support for or opposition to economic aid and the types of economic aid the United States gives to countries such as Egypt, Israel, Russia, Afghanistan, Pakistan, India, and African countries. Questions covered United States troop involvement throughout the world, the need for long-term military bases overseas, and the role that Japan and the European Union play as world leaders. The topic of critical threats to the United States was also queried, including the threat from the military power of Russia, economic competition from Japan, Europe, and low-wage countries, the development of China as a world power, Islamic fundamentalism, countries with nuclear capabilities, terrorism and the use of chemical or biological weapons, and conflicts in other parts of the world. Those surveyed were also asked about events that they thought would justify sending United States troops to other parts of the world, including invading Iraq and overthrowing the government of Saddam Hussein. Additional questions on the topic of United States military involvement included combating international terrorism through the use of such measures as air strikes, using ground troops, and assassination of terrorist leaders. Questions sought respondent opinions on possible U.S. foreign policy goals including the protection of weaker nations and helping to improve their standard of living, promoting and defending human rights, combating world hunger, improving the global environment, strengthening the United Nations, reducing the trade deficit, protecting American business interests and promoting market economies abroad, and controlling and reducing illegal immigration and stopping the flow of illegal drugs into the United States. Opinions were also gathered on the United States' participation in treaties to reduce global warming, ban land mines, prohibit nuclear weapon tests, and establish an International Court to try individuals on war crimes. Additional topics were presented only to the general population sample. Respondents' level of interest in the actions of the government was assessed by asking about their level of political activism, whether they had ever written to a public official, and whether they knew who or which party held particular offices. Opinion on the United States military and its role was assessed through questions regarding the sale of military equipment to foreign countries, whether the United States should have military bases overseas, and whether United States troops should get involved in international conflicts. Respondents were also queried on the topics of globalization, trade, and the use of tariffs, as well as internationalism and the role of NATO and the European Union. Those surveyed were asked to rate their feelings toward countries such as Great Britain, Saudi Arabia, China, France, Afghanistan, South Korea, and Brazil among others. Respondents were also asked to similarly rate American and foreign leaders, such as former President Bill Clinton, Russian President Vladimir Putin, Secretary of State Colin Powell, Pope John Paul II, German Chancellor Gerhard Schroeder, United Nations Secretary General Kofi Annan, Chinese President Jiang Zemin, British Prime Minister Tony Blair, Iraqi President Saddam Hussein, Israeli Prime Minister Ariel Sharon, Palestinian Leader Yasir Arafat, and French President Jacques Chirac, as well as institutions such as the United Nations, the World Bank, the World Trade Organization, the European Union, and the World Court. Background information on general public respondents includes age, race, sex, political party, political orientation, political involvement, religion, marital status, spouse's employment status, age of children in household, amount of time spent at home, employment status, occupation, position in household, education, home ownership status, and household income. Background information on opinion leaders includes age, sex, education, political party, and political orientation.
Curated
American Public Opinion and U.S. Foreign Policy: General Public, 1978 (ICPSR 7748)
Released/updated on: 2007-10-16
Geographic coverage: United States
These data were gathered in personal interviews with a national sample of United States citizens by the Gallup Organization, Inc., to measure attitudes toward foreign affairs in November 1978. Respondents were asked to list the biggest problems facing the country, in general, as well as the biggest foreign policy problems. Other questions explored the relationship between domestic and foreign policy priorities, e.g., aid to education, defense spending, farm subsidies, economic and military aid to other nations, and domestic welfare/reliefprograms. Respondents gave their opinions of what constituted appropriate responses to the growing military power of the United Soviet Socialist Republic (USSR), and they rated the threat that communism presented in several other countries. Respondents were asked to respond favorably or unfavorably to several scenarios in which the use of United States armed forces in other parts of the world could be justified. Respondents were asked to rate the performance of Secretary of State Cyrus Vance and to use a "thermometer" scale to measure their feelings (warm or cold) toward several politicians and world leaders, as well as toward several countries that were important to the United States for political, economic, or security reasons. Opinions were sought about the type of role that various individuals and institutions (e.g., the president, the CIA, the military, the United Nations, and the Congress) should play in the creation of foreign policy. Respondents' political participation was also measured. Demographic information includes age, race, sex, income, sources of information in the media, religion, educational level, occupation, and political orientation. In a similar survey conducted from November 1978 to January 1979, many of the same questions were asked of Americans in senior positions with knowledge of and influence on foreign policy. The results of that survey are collected in AMERICAN PUBLIC OPINION AND U.S. FOREIGN POLICY: NATIONAL LEADERS, 1979 (ICPSR 7786).
Curated
American Public Opinion and U.S. Foreign Policy: National Leaders, 1979 (ICPSR 7786)
Released/updated on: 2007-08-02
Geographic coverage: United States
These data were gathered in personal interviews with respondents who represented Americans in senior positions with knowledge of and influence upon international affairs and foreign policy by the Gallup Organization, Inc., between November 20, 1978, and January 12, 1979. These individuals were chosen from the areas of national politics, governmental offices, business, education, the media, national unions, and other organizations with national influence. Respondents were asked to list the biggest problems facing the country, in general, as well as the biggest foreign policy problems. Other questions explored the relationship between domestic and foreign policy priorities, e.g., aid to education, defense spending, farm subsidies, and domestic welfare/relief programs. Respondents' opinions were sought about the roles of various individuals and institutions in the creation of foreign policy, and the appropriate responses of the United States to actions by the former Soviet Union and other countries. They also guaged the threat of communism to the United States in several countries. Other questions covered foreign economic aid, military aid/selling military equipment to other nations, the role of the United States in world affairs, and the use of United States troops in other parts of the world. Respondents were asked to rate the performance of Secretary of State Cyrus Vance, and opinions were sought about the type of role that various individuals and institutions (e.g., the president, the CIA, the military, the United Nations, and the Congress) should play in the creation of foreign policy. Respondents' political participation and orientation was also measured. In a similar survey conducted in November 1978, many of the same questions were asked of a sample of the general public in the United States. The results of that survey are collected in AMERICAN PUBLIC OPINION AND U.S. FOREIGN POLICY: GENERAL PUBLIC, 1979 (ICPSR 7748).
Curated
Biographical Data on Kenyan Elites, 1966-1967 (ICPSR 5804)
Released/updated on: 2009-05-08
Geographic coverage: Global
Time period: 1966-01-01--1967-01-01
This study contains biographical data on 313 Kenyan political elites in the period 1966-1967. Demographic variables provide information on age, religion, sex, ethnicity, education, family status, social class status, work experience, region or province of birth, party membership and position, and income. See the related collection, BIOGRAPHICAL DATA ON TANZANIAN ELITES, 1966-1967 (ICPSR 5805).
Curated
Biographical Data on Tanzanian Elites, 1966-1967 (ICPSR 5805)
Released/updated on: 2009-05-08
Geographic coverage: Tanzania, Global
Time period: 1966-01-01--1967-01-01
This study contains biographical data on 398 Tanzanian political elites in the period 1966-1967. Demographic variables provide information on age, religion, sex, ethnicity, education, family status, social class status, work experience, region or province of birth, party membership and position, and income. See the related collection, BIOGRAPHICAL DATA ON KENYAN ELITES, 1966-1967 (ICPSR 5804), which contains the same variables. See also another related collection, POLITICAL AND SOCIAL ELITES OF TANZANIA, 1964-1968.
Curated
Brazilian Elites, 1960 (ICPSR 46)
Released/updated on: 1992-02-16
Geographic coverage: South America, Brazil, Global
This data collection contains biographical information for approximately 1,000 prominent Brazilians in the early 1960s. Demographic variables provide information on age, sex, marital status, city and state of birth and residence, number of children, education, and profession. Additional variables provide information on the size of the city of birth and residence, the number of different occupations or professions, and foreign contacts, including evidence of foreign travels.
Curated
Harris 1973 Confidence in Government Survey (ICPSR 7364)
Released/updated on: 1992-02-16
This data collection provides information on the opinions and confidence of the public and government leaders in government. Respondents were asked about the problems confronting the nation and their confidence in the local, state, and federal government. The Government Leaders Sample, (File 1) provides information on the leaders' perceptions of the general public's attitudes and experiences, as well as what they felt were the constraints to progress in their jobs. The Public Sample file (Part 2) provides information on public attitudes toward, and experiences with, government officials.
Curated
Simple Crosstabs
Political and Social Elites of Tanzania, 1964-1968 (ICPSR 5806)
Released/updated on: 2016-11-23
Geographic coverage: Africa, Tanzania, Global
Time period: 1964-01-01--1968-01-01
This collection is comprised of biographical data on 705 Tanzanian political and social elites of African or Arab descent who were mentioned at least once in WHO'S WHO IN EAST AFRICA in the period 1964-1968. Demographic variables provide information on age, sex, place of birth, region of origin, ethnicity, religion, education, occupation, social class status, military training, foreign travels, party membership, trade union membership, membership in women's organizations, political or party leadership positions held, and the number of professional, political, and social organizations with which the elites were affiliated.
Curated
Political Elites in Eastern Europe, 1971 (ICPSR 5807)
Released/updated on: 2006-01-12
Geographic coverage: Romania, Hungary, Poland, Czechoslovakia, Bulgaria, Global
This study contains biographical data on political elites who were members of either the Central Committee or Council of Ministers in 1971 in five Eastern European nations: Bulgaria, Czechoslovakia, Hungary, Poland, and Romania. Demographic variables provide information on sex, date of birth, ethnicity, nationality, education, family background, and date of death. Additional variables describe career events or particular experiences of the elites such as dates of military service, party membership, government service, or dates of entry into and exit from the Central Committee and other political institutions.
Curated
Uganda Elite Study, 1964-1968 (ICPSR 7397)
Released/updated on: 1992-02-16
Geographic coverage: Africa, Uganda, Global
Time period: 1964-01-01--1968-01-01
This study includes information on Ugandan elites, collected from the 1964, 1966, and 1968 editions of WHO'S WHO IN EAST AFRICA, prepared and published by Marco Surveys. Data are provided on ethnic background, place of birth, education, occupation, religious affiliation, party membership, and political activity. Participation in voluntary and tribal associations, status mobility, and occupational changes were also assessed.
Curated
Worldviews 2002: American and European Public Opinion on Foreign Policy (ICPSR 3821)
Released/updated on: 2004-11-24
Geographic coverage: Netherlands, Great Britain, United States, Poland, Italy, France, Germany, Global
Time period: 2002-06-01--2002-07-01
This study is designed to measure attitudes of the general public toward foreign policy issues. First conducted in 1974, the Chicago Council on Foreign Relation's quadrennial public opinion survey is the most comprehensive and widely cited source of information on United States public and leadership attitudes on international relations and foreign policy. This year, for the first time, the German Marshall Fund of the United States partnered with the Chicago Council to undertake a parallel study in six European countries: Great Britain, France, Germany, Italy, Poland, and the Netherlands. In particular, this study covered three topics: perceptions of citizens of the countries and the problems they face, the roles of the United States and the European Union (EU) in the world, and attitudes toward geopolitics and globalization. Regarding perceptions of citizens of the countries and the problems they face, respondents were asked to give their opinions on persisting friendliness of the countries toward each other, common perceptions of threats, support for multilateralism, readiness to use military force, resolve to combat terrorism, and support for NATO and its expansion. On the topic of the roles of the United States and the EU in the world, respondents were asked their feelings about United States leadership in the world, support for the EU playing a more prominent international role, whether the EU should become a superpower, and what role the EU should play militarily in the world. Concerning geopolitics and globalization, respondents were asked their opinions about Iraq, the Arab-Israeli conflict, Russia, the rise of China as a world power, the impact of globalization, and trade. Background information on respondents includes age, gender, position with respect to the liberal-conservative continuum, education, party preference, geographic region, and employment status.