Showing 1 – 50 of 215 results.
Curated
ABC News/Washington Post Monthly Poll, August 2005 (ICPSR 4518)
Released/updated on: 2007-03-08
Geographic coverage: United States
This poll, fielded August 25-28, 2005, was undertaken to assess respondents' opinions on issues such as President George W. Bush's job performance on the war in Iraq, terrorism, gas prices, social security, the economy, abortion, and immigration. Respondents were asked similar questions regarding Congress. The survey contained questions concerning terrorist threats and the war in Iraq, including whether or not respondents felt troops should be withdrawn. Related questions asked for respondents' opinions regarding Cindy Sheehan and war protests. The survey also asked for opinions on the nomination of John J. Roberts to the Supreme Court, abortion, immigration, gasoline prices, and gay marriage. Respondents were also queried on how they felt about the Democratic Party's actions on the war, Roberts' nomination, and President Bush's policies. Demographic information includes political affiliation, political ideology, education, age, religious affiliation, military status, sex, race, and income.
Curated
ABC News/Washington Post Pre-State of the Union Poll, January 2004 (ICPSR 4033)
Released/updated on: 2004-07-14
Geographic coverage: United States
This special topic poll, conducted January 15-18, 2004, was undertaken to assess public opinion prior to President George W. Bush's 2004 State of the Union Address. Views were sought on President Bush and his handling of the presidency and issues such as the economy, foreign affairs, immigration, taxes, and education. Respondents were asked which issue they most wanted President Bush to discuss in his upcoming State of the Union Address, whether terrorism or the economy was a bigger problem facing the country, and how they felt about the policies of the Bush administration. Questions regarding the war with Iraq asked whether it was worth fighting, whether it contributed to the long-term security of the United States, and whether the number of United States military casualties in Iraq so far was acceptable. Opinions were solicited on the success of the United States efforts to break up the al Qaeda terrorist network, to win the cooperation of other countries in fighting terrorism, and to prevent further terrorist attacks in the United States, and whether the country was safer from terrorism now than before September 11, 2001. Several questions focused on the condition of the national economy, whether the economy was in a recession, and whether most Americans were better off financially than they were in 2001 when Bush became president. Respondents were also polled on how closely they were following the 2004 presidential campaign, whether they would vote for President Bush or a Democratic candidate, and whether President Bush or the Democrats in Congress could be trusted to deal with the main problems facing the nation in the next few years. Other topics addressed government spending on space exploration, whether same-sex marriages and civil unions should be legal, and whether entrepreneur Martha Stewart was guilty on charges of obstructing a federal investigation into possible insider stock trading. Background information on respondents includes sex, age, education, ethnicity, marital status, religion, household income, labor union membership, political orientation, political party affiliation, and the strength of their political party affiliation.
Curated
American Community Survey (ACS): Public Use Microdata Sample (PUMS), 2003 (ICPSR 4117)
Released/updated on: 2009-12-01
Geographic coverage: North Carolina, Indiana, Wyoming, Utah, Arizona, Montana, Kentucky, California, Kansas, Florida, Delaware, Pennsylvania, Mississippi, Iowa, Illinois, Texas, Connecticut, Georgia, Virginia, Maryland, Idaho, Oregon, Vermont, United States, Oklahoma, Tennessee, Maine, Alabama, Arkansas, Washington, South Carolina, Nebraska, West Virginia, Massachusetts, Colorado, Missouri, Alaska, North Dakota, Wisconsin, Nevada, District of Columbia, Rhode Island, South Dakota, Hawaii, Minnesota, New York (state), New Jersey, Michigan, New Mexico, New Hampshire, Louisiana, Ohio
Time period: 2002-11-01--2003-12-01
The American Community Survey (ACS) is a part of the Decennial Census Program and is designed to produce critical information about the characteristics of local communities. The ACS publishes social, housing, and economic characteristics for demographic groups covering a broad spectrum of geographic areas in the United States. Every year the ACS supports the release of single-year estimates for geographic areas with populations of 65,000 or more. Demographic variables include sex, age, relationship, households by type, race, and Hispanic origin. Social characteristics variables include school enrollment, educational attainment, marital status, fertility, grandparents caring for children, veteran status, disability status, residence one year ago, place of birth, United States citizenship status, year of entry, world region of birth of foreign born, language spoken at home, and ancestry. Variables focusing on economic characteristics include employment status, commuting to work, occupation, industry, class of worker, income and benefits, and poverty status. Variables focusing on housing characteristics include occupancy, units in structure, year structure was built, number of rooms, number of bedrooms, housing tenure, year householder moved into unit, vehicles available, house heating fuel, utility costs, occupants per room, housing value, and mortgage status. The American Community Survey is conducted under the authority of Title 13, United States Code, Sections 141 and 193, and response is mandatory.
Curated
American Community Survey (ACS): Public Use Microdata Sample (PUMS), 2004 (ICPSR 4370)
Released/updated on: 2008-10-14
Geographic coverage: North Carolina, Indiana, Wyoming, Utah, Arizona, Montana, Kentucky, California, Kansas, Florida, Delaware, Pennsylvania, Mississippi, Iowa, Illinois, Texas, Connecticut, Georgia, Virginia, Maryland, Idaho, Oregon, Vermont, United States, Oklahoma, Tennessee, Maine, Alabama, Arkansas, Washington, South Carolina, Nebraska, West Virginia, Massachusetts, Colorado, Missouri, Alaska, North Dakota, Wisconsin, Nevada, District of Columbia, Rhode Island, South Dakota, Hawaii, Minnesota, New York (state), New Jersey, Michigan, New Mexico, New Hampshire, Louisiana, Ohio
Time period: 2003-11-01--2004-12-01
The American Community Survey (ACS) is a part of the Decennial Census Program and is designed to produce critical information about the characteristics of local communities. The ACS publishes social, housing, and economic characteristics for demographic groups covering a broad spectrum of geographic areas in the United States. Every year the ACS supports the release of single-year estimates for geographic areas with populations of 65,000 or more. Demographic variables include sex, age, relationship, households by type, race, and Hispanic origin. Social characteristics variables include school enrollment, educational attainment, marital status, fertility, grandparents caring for children, veteran status, disability status, residence one year ago, place of birth, United States citizenship status, year of entry, world region of birth of foreign born, language spoken at home, and ancestry. Variables focusing on economic characteristics include employment status, commuting to work, occupation, industry, class of worker, income and benefits, and poverty status. Variables focusing on housing characteristics include occupancy, units in structure, year structure was built, number of rooms, number of bedrooms, housing tenure, year householder moved into unit, vehicles available, house heating fuel, utility costs, occupants per room, housing value, and mortgage status. The American Community Survey is conducted under the authority of Title 13, United States Code, Sections 141 and 193, and response is mandatory.
Curated
American Community Survey (ACS): Public Use Microdata Sample (PUMS), 2005 (ICPSR 4587)
Released/updated on: 2008-05-02
Geographic coverage: North Carolina, Indiana, Wyoming, Utah, Arizona, Montana, Kentucky, California, Kansas, Florida, Delaware, Pennsylvania, Mississippi, Iowa, Illinois, Texas, Connecticut, Georgia, Virginia, Maryland, Idaho, Oregon, Vermont, Puerto Rico, United States, Oklahoma, Tennessee, Maine, Alabama, Arkansas, Washington, South Carolina, Nebraska, West Virginia, Massachusetts, Colorado, Missouri, Alaska, North Dakota, Wisconsin, Nevada, District of Columbia, Rhode Island, South Dakota, Hawaii, Minnesota, New York (state), New Jersey, Michigan, New Mexico, New Hampshire, Louisiana, Ohio
Time period: 2004-11-01--2005-12-01
The American Community Survey (ACS) is a part of the Decennial Census Program, and is designed to produce critical information about the characteristics of local communities. The ACS publishes social, housing, and economic characteristics for demographic groups covering a broad spectrum of geographic areas in the United States and Puerto Rico. Every year the ACS supports the release of single-year estimates for geographic areas with populations of 65,000 or more. Demographic variables include sex, age, relationship, households by type, race, and Hispanic origin. Social characteristics variables include school enrollment, educational attainment, marital status, fertility, grandparents caring for children, veteran status, disability status, residence one year ago, place of birth, U.S. citizenship status, year of entry, world region of birth of foreign born, language spoken at home, and ancestry. Variables focusing on economic characteristics include employment status, commuting to work, occupation, industry, class of worker, income and benefits, and poverty status. Variables focusing on housing characteristics include occupancy, units in structure, year structure built, number of rooms, number of bedrooms, housing tenure, year householder moved into unit, vehicles available, house heating fuel, utility costs, occupants per room, housing value, and mortgage status. The American Community Survey is conducted under the authority of Title 13, United States Code, Sections 141 and 193, and response is mandatory.
Curated
American Community Survey (ACS): Public Use Microdata Sample (PUMS), 2006 (ICPSR 22101)
Released/updated on: 2008-12-19
Geographic coverage: North Carolina, Indiana, Wyoming, Utah, Arizona, Montana, Kentucky, California, Kansas, Florida, Delaware, Pennsylvania, Mississippi, Iowa, Illinois, Texas, Connecticut, Georgia, Virginia, Maryland, Idaho, Oregon, Vermont, Puerto Rico, United States, Oklahoma, Tennessee, Maine, Alabama, Arkansas, Washington, South Carolina, Nebraska, West Virginia, Massachusetts, Colorado, Missouri, Alaska, North Dakota, Wisconsin, Nevada, District of Columbia, Rhode Island, South Dakota, Hawaii, Minnesota, New York (state), New Jersey, Michigan, New Mexico, New Hampshire, Louisiana, Ohio
Time period: 2005-11-01--2006-12-01
The American Community Survey (ACS) is a part of the Decennial Census Program, and is designed to produce critical information about the characteristics of local communities. The ACS publishes social, housing, and economic characteristics for demographic groups covering a broad spectrum of geographic areas in the United States and Puerto Rico. Every year the ACS supports the release of single-year estimates for geographic areas with populations of 65,000 or more. Demographic variables include sex, age, relationship, households by type, race, and Hispanic origin. Social characteristics variables include school enrollment, educational attainment, marital status, fertility, grandparents caring for children, veteran status, disability status, residence one year ago, place of birth, United States citizenship status, year of entry, world region of birth of foreign born, language spoken at home, and ancestry. Variables focusing on economic characteristics include employment status, commuting to work, occupation, industry, class of worker, income and benefits, and poverty status. Variables focusing on housing characteristics include occupancy, units in structure, year structure was built, number of rooms, number of bedrooms, housing tenure, year householder moved into unit, vehicles available, house heating fuel, utility costs, occupants per room, housing value, and mortgage status. The American Community Survey is conducted under the authority of Title 13, United States Code, Sections 141 and 193, and response is mandatory.
Curated
American Community Survey (ACS): Public Use Microdata Sample (PUMS), 2007 (ICPSR 24503)
Released/updated on: 2010-02-01
Geographic coverage: North Carolina, Indiana, Wyoming, Utah, Arizona, Montana, Kentucky, California, Kansas, Florida, Delaware, Pennsylvania, Mississippi, Iowa, Illinois, Texas, Connecticut, Georgia, Virginia, Maryland, Idaho, Oregon, Vermont, Puerto Rico, United States, Oklahoma, Tennessee, Maine, Alabama, Arkansas, Washington, South Carolina, Nebraska, West Virginia, Massachusetts, Colorado, Missouri, Alaska, North Dakota, Wisconsin, Nevada, District of Columbia, Rhode Island, South Dakota, Hawaii, Minnesota, New York (state), New Jersey, Michigan, New Mexico, New Hampshire, Louisiana, Ohio
Time period: 2006-11-01--2007-12-01
The American Community Survey (ACS) is a part of the Decennial Census Program, and is designed to produce critical information about the characteristics of local communities. The ACS publishes social, housing, and economic characteristics for demographic groups covering a broad spectrum of geographic areas in the United States and Puerto Rico. Every year the ACS supports the release of single-year estimates for geographic areas with populations of 65,000 or more. Demographic variables include sex, age, relationship, households by type, race, and Hispanic origin. Social characteristics variables include school enrollment, educational attainment, marital status, fertility, grandparents caring for children, veteran status, disability status, residence one year ago, place of birth, United States citizenship status, year of entry, world region of birth of foreign born, language spoken at home, and ancestry. Variables focusing on economic characteristics include employment status, commuting to work, occupation, industry, class of worker, income and benefits, and poverty status. Variables focusing on housing characteristics include occupancy, units in structure, year structure was built, number of rooms, number of bedrooms, housing tenure, year householder moved into unit, vehicles available, house heating fuel, utility costs, occupants per room, housing value, and mortgage status. The American Community Survey is conducted under the authority of Title 13, United States Code, Sections 141 and 193, and response is mandatory.
Curated
American Community Survey (ACS): Public Use Microdata Sample (PUMS), 2008 (ICPSR 29263)
Released/updated on: 2011-11-08
Geographic coverage: North Carolina, Indiana, Wyoming, Utah, Arizona, Montana, Kentucky, California, Kansas, Florida, Delaware, Pennsylvania, Mississippi, Iowa, Illinois, Texas, Connecticut, Georgia, Virginia, Maryland, Idaho, Oregon, Vermont, Puerto Rico, United States, Oklahoma, Tennessee, Maine, Alabama, Arkansas, Washington, South Carolina, Nebraska, West Virginia, Massachusetts, Colorado, Missouri, Alaska, North Dakota, Wisconsin, Nevada, District of Columbia, Rhode Island, South Dakota, Hawaii, Minnesota, New York (state), New Jersey, Michigan, New Mexico, New Hampshire, Louisiana, Ohio
Time period: 2007-11-01--2008-12-01
The American Community Survey (ACS) is a part of the Decennial Census Program, and is designed to produce critical information about the characteristics of local communities. The ACS publishes social, housing, and economic characteristics for demographic groups covering a broad spectrum of geographic areas in the United States and Puerto Rico. Every year the ACS supports the release of single-year estimates for geographic areas with populations of 65,000 or more. Demographic variables include sex, age, relationship, households by type, race, and Hispanic origin. Social characteristics variables include school enrollment, educational attainment, marital status, fertility, grandparents caring for children, veteran status, disability status, residence one year ago, place of birth, United States citizenship status, year of entry, world region of birth of foreign born, language spoken at home, and ancestry. Variables focusing on economic characteristics include employment status, commuting to work, occupation, industry, class of worker, income and benefits, and poverty status. Variables focusing on housing characteristics include occupancy, units in structure, year structure was built, number of rooms, number of bedrooms, housing tenure, year householder moved into unit, vehicles available, house heating fuel, utility costs, occupants per room, housing value, and mortgage status. The American Community Survey is conducted under the authority of Title 13, United States Code, Sections 141 and 193, and response is mandatory.
Curated
American Community Survey (ACS): Public Use Microdata Sample (PUMS), 2009 (ICPSR 33802)
Released/updated on: 2013-04-04
Geographic coverage: North Carolina, Indiana, Wyoming, Utah, Arizona, Montana, Kentucky, California, Kansas, Florida, Delaware, Pennsylvania, Mississippi, Iowa, Illinois, Texas, Connecticut, Georgia, Virginia, Maryland, Idaho, Oregon, Vermont, Puerto Rico, United States, Oklahoma, Tennessee, Maine, Alabama, Arkansas, Washington, South Carolina, Nebraska, West Virginia, Massachusetts, Colorado, Missouri, Alaska, North Dakota, Wisconsin, Nevada, District of Columbia, Rhode Island, South Dakota, Hawaii, Minnesota, New York (state), New Jersey, Michigan, New Mexico, New Hampshire, Louisiana, Ohio
Time period: 2008-11-01--2009-12-01
The American Community Survey (ACS) is a part of the Decennial Census Program, and is designed to produce critical information about the characteristics of local communities. The ACS publishes social, housing, and economic characteristics for demographic groups covering a broad spectrum of geographic areas in the United States and Puerto Rico. Every year the ACS supports the release of single-year estimates for geographic areas with populations of 65,000 or more. Demographic variables include sex, age, relationship, households by type, race, and Hispanic origin. Social characteristics variables include school enrollment, educational attainment, marital status, fertility, grandparents caring for children, veteran status, disability status, residence one year ago, place of birth, United States citizenship status, year of entry, world region of birth of foreign born, language spoken at home, and ancestry. Variables focusing on economic characteristics include employment status, commuting to work, occupation, industry, class of worker, income and benefits, and poverty status. Variables focusing on housing characteristics include occupancy, units in structure, year structure was built, number of rooms, number of bedrooms, housing tenure, year householder moved into unit, vehicles available, house heating fuel, utility costs, occupants per room, housing value, and mortgage status. The American Community Survey is conducted under the authority of Title 13, United States Code, Sections 141 and 193, and response is mandatory.
Curated
American Community Survey (ACS): Three-Year Public Use Microdata Sample (PUMS), 2005-2007 (ICPSR 25042)
Released/updated on: 2010-02-04
Geographic coverage: North Carolina, Indiana, Wyoming, Utah, Arizona, Montana, Kentucky, California, Kansas, Florida, Delaware, Pennsylvania, Mississippi, Iowa, Illinois, Texas, Connecticut, Georgia, Virginia, Maryland, Idaho, Oregon, Vermont, Puerto Rico, United States, Oklahoma, Tennessee, Maine, Alabama, Arkansas, Washington, South Carolina, Nebraska, West Virginia, Massachusetts, Colorado, Missouri, Alaska, North Dakota, Wisconsin, Nevada, District of Columbia, Rhode Island, South Dakota, Hawaii, Minnesota, New York (state), New Jersey, Michigan, New Mexico, New Hampshire, Louisiana, Ohio
Time period: 2005-11-01--2007-12-01
The American Community Survey (ACS) is a part of the Decennial Census Program, and is designed to produce critical information about the characteristics of local communities. The ACS publishes social, housing, and economic characteristics for demographic groups covering a broad spectrum of geographic areas in the United States and Puerto Rico. Every year the ACS supports the release of single-year estimates for geographic areas with populations of 65,000 or more. Demographic variables include sex, age, relationship, households by type, race, and Hispanic origin. Social characteristics variables include school enrollment, educational attainment, marital status, fertility, grandparents caring for children, veteran status, disability status, residence one year ago, place of birth, United States citizenship status, year of entry, world region of birth of foreign born, language spoken at home, and ancestry. Variables focusing on economic characteristics include employment status, commuting to work, occupation, industry, class of worker, income and benefits, and poverty status. Variables focusing on housing characteristics include occupancy, units in structure, year structure was built, number of rooms, number of bedrooms, housing tenure, year householder moved into unit, vehicles available, house heating fuel, utility costs, occupants per room, housing value, and mortgage status. The American Community Survey is conducted under the authority of Title 13, United States Code, Sections 141 and 193, and response is mandatory.
Curated
American Mosaic Project Survey, 2003 (ICPSR 28821)
Released/updated on: 2010-12-16
Geographic coverage: United States
Time period: 2003-05-01--2003-07-01
The survey is from the American Mosaic Project, a multiyear, multimethod study of the bases of solidarity and diversity in American life. The survey contains items measuring the place of diversity in visions of American society and in respondents' own lives; social and cultural boundaries between groups and dimensions of inclusion and exclusion; racial and religious identity, belonging and discrimination; opinions about sources of advancement for Whites and African Americans; opinions about immigration and assimilation; diversity in respondents' close-tie network; political identity and demographic information. The survey also includes oversamples of African American and Hispanic respondents, allowing for comparisons across racial/ethnic categories. Demographic variables include race, age, gender, religion, level of education, United States citizenship status, partisan affiliation, and family income. See Appendix: Project Narrative for more information.
Curated
Americans View Their Mental Health, 1957 (ICPSR 3503)
Released/updated on: 1992-02-16
Geographic coverage: United States
In 1957, the United States Congress established the Joint Commission on Mental Illness and Health to evaluate the nation's resources for coping with both the psychological and economic problems of mental illness. The Commission sponsored a nationwide survey, which was conducted by the Survey Research Center at the University of Michigan, to assess the subjective mental health of "normal" American adults and to determine in detail how they coped with problems of adjustment. During the spring of 1957, a sample of American adults was interviewed on various areas in which problems might arise, including marriage, parenthood, employment, and general social relationships. Information about leisure time, past and present physical and mental health, and motives for affiliation, achievement, and power were also sought. Three questionnaire forms were employed, each addressed to a randomly selected third of the sample.
Curated
Americans View Their Mental Health, 1957 and 1976: Selected Variables (ICPSR 7949)
Released/updated on: 2005-11-04
Geographic coverage: United States
This data collection contains 262 comparable variables from AMERICANS VIEW THEIR MENTAL HEALTH, 1957 (ICPSR 3503) and AMERICANS VIEW THEIR MENTAL HEALTH, 1976 (ICPSR 7948). Investigators were interested in determining whether the 1957 descriptive findings remained stable or had changed by 1976, and whether relationships established between sex, age, education, marital status, well-being, role experience, problems, and methods of dealing with stress were replicated or altered in the 1976 results. Variables focus on various areas in which problems might arise, including marriage, parenthood, employment, and general social relationships. Information about leisure time, past and present physical and mental health, and motives for affiliation, achievement, and power were also sought.
Curated
Americans View Their Mental Health, 1976 (ICPSR 7948)
Released/updated on: 2005-11-04
Geographic coverage: United States
Funded in 1975 by the National Institute of Mental Health, this data collection proposed to assess the quality of American life and to influence national policy aimed at enhancing mental health resources. This collection contains 262 variables that were also included in AMERICANS VIEW THEIR MENTAL HEALTH, 1957 (ICPSR 3503). The survey queried American adults on various areas in which problems might arise, including marriage, parenthood, employment, and general social relationships. Information about leisure time, past and present physical and mental health, and motives for affiliation, achievement, and power were also sought. In addition, extensive information was collected concerning help-seeking, the readiness of people to use professional help for mental health problems, the particular helpers they used, referral mechanisms, and evaluation of help received.
Curated
Ameristat (ICPSR 123)
Released/updated on: 2006-03-03
Geographic coverage: United States
AmeriStat is a search engine developed by the Population Reference Bureau in partnership with the Social Science Data Analysis Network (SSDAN). AmeriStat searches large data files from a range of sources, including the 2000 Census and the Census Bureau's monthly Current Population Surveys, to give the user instant summaries, in text and graphics, of the demographic characteristics of the U.S. population. AmeriStat covers 13 topics: (1) 2000 Census, (2) children, (3) education, (4) labor and employment, (5) fertility, (6) foreign-born, (7) income and poverty, (8) marriage and family, (9) migration, (10) mortality, (11) older population, (12) estimates and projections, and (13) race and ethnicity. For each of the topics, data are shown, whenever possible, for five-year data points going back to 1970. Single-year data are shown for more recent years, with special coverage of the 2000 Census. Search results also yield links to other Web sites for additional, more detailed information.
Curated
Attitudes of Students at La Salle School, Caracas, Venezuela, 1964 (ICPSR 7065)
Released/updated on: 1992-02-16
Geographic coverage: South America, Venezuela, Caracas, Global
This study was conducted in 1964 in Caracas, Venezuela, at La Salle, a Catholic boys' school. The respondents' pride in their school, the type of education they were receiving, and a definition of the "La Salle spirit" were ascertained. The study also probed the respondents' attitudes toward sexual morality, sexual relations before marriage, and responsibility in cases of adultery. Religious knowledge was assessed in questions about the Holy Mass and the Gospels, and the respondents' familiarity with diverse concepts such as communism, liberalism, and Christianity was also explored. Demographic variables cover age, mother's and father's marital status, and number of older and younger siblings.
Curated
Bicol Multipurpose Survey (BMS), 1983: [Philippines] (ICPSR 6889)
Released/updated on: 2006-01-12
Geographic coverage: Philippines, Global
Time period: 1978-01-01--1982-01-01
The 1983 Bicol Multipurpose Survey (BMS) was designed to revisit the residents of the Bicol Region of the Philippines who were surveyed during 1978 in an effort to review the progress of the Bicol River Basin Development Project (BRBDP). The Bicol Multipurpose Survey (BMS) was designed to assess the impact of the BRBDP on one of the poorest regions in the Philippines. Using data collected from both semi-urban and rural areas of the Bicol Region, the BMS sought to examine the impact not only of the various development projects of the BRBDP such as irrigation, electricity, and road repair, but also the economic, social, and health issues faced by the residents of the Bicol Region. The survey gathered data for 17 project areas and 3 cities in the provinces of Albay, Camarines Sur, and Sorsogon. The 1983 BMS follows the same design as BICOL MULTIPURPOSE SURVEY (BMS), 1978: [PHILIPPINES] (ICPSR 6878), with the data being organized into 31 "blocks" or series of questions. A total of 1,901 households were surveyed in 1983, most of which were previously surveyed in 1978. An additional replacement sample of 420 was drawn from the 1978 rosters for the 1983 survey. Respondents were again asked about income, employment, education, health status, and health services. Additionally, the 1983 survey gathered extensive information on fishing, business expenses, and small business activities, along with fertility, pregnancy, and mortality histories. Due to time and cost considerations, detailed questions on credit, some health-related items regarding beliefs, chronic illnesses, and breast-feeding, and detailed questions on crops were not included in the 1983 BMS. Section I, Household Data (Parts 1-32), focused on background information, transportation, environment, morbidity, and health services. Information was gathered about people living in the household six months prior to the survey as well as people who had left the household five years prior to the survey. Expenditure data on schooling were gathered for individuals 6-30 years of age. Marriage and pregnancy histories were elicited from women aged 15-49 along with family planning and birth interval information. Section II, Agriculture/Income/Labor Data (Parts 33-87), posed questions on employment, wages, and hired labor for men, women, and children aged 6-15. Data on coconut, sugar cane, and abaca crop production were also gathered, along with information about livestock and poultry, and extensive data were collected about fishing activities. Fishing boat owners were interviewed, along with capture fisherman who fished both inland and marine waters. The Barangay Survey (Parts 88-96) provided information about characteristics of the barangay in which the respondent lived (a barangay is a political subdivision equivalent to a village in rural areas and to a neighborhood in urban areas), services available in the community, types of social services or practitioners, the availability of public utilities and transportation, different types of organizations present within the barangay, employment conditions, and environmental sanitation conditions.
Curated
Simple Crosstabs
Boundaries in the American Mosaic Survey, [United States], 2014 (ICPSR 38169)
Released/updated on: 2022-05-19
Geographic coverage: United States
Time period: 2014-02-28--2014-03-16
The American Mosaic Project (AMP) is a research initiative housed at the University of Minnesota aiming to contribute to an understanding of what brings Americans together, what divides Americans, and the implications of American diversity for political and civic life. With support from the National Science Foundation, the AMP designed the Boundaries in the American Mosaic Survey (BAM), focusing on Americans' attitudes towards racial and religious diversity. This survey was fielded to a nationally representative sample in the early spring of 2014.
Curated
British Social Attitudes Survey, 1983 (ICPSR 8391)
Released/updated on: 2004-08-26
Geographic coverage: Great Britain, United Kingdom, Global
This survey, the first in an annual series, is designed to monitor trends in a wide range of social attitudes in Great Britain. The British Social Attitudes Survey (BSA) is similar in purpose to the General Social Survey carried out by the National Opinion Research Center (NORC) in the United States. The BSA questionnaire had two parts, one administered by an interviewer and the other completed by the respondent. This survey contained questions on political orientation, including attitudes toward the parties, likely voting behavior in the next British General Election, political tolerance, and relations with other nations. Other topics include beliefs and expectations concerning both national and personal economic conditions, attitudes toward government spending and programs, social problems such as crime and racial prejudice, and attitudes toward marriage and sexual mores. Additional demographic data gathered included age, gender, education, occupation, household income, marital status, social class, and religious and political affiliations.
Curated
British Social Attitudes Survey, 2000 (ICPSR 3899)
Released/updated on: 2004-08-06
Geographic coverage: Great Britain, United Kingdom, Global
This survey is part of a continuing series designed to monitor trends in a wide range of social attitudes in Great Britain. The British Social Attitudes Survey (BSA) is similar in purpose to the General Social Survey carried out by the National Opinion Research Center (NORC) in the United States. The BSA questionnaire has two parts, one administered by an interviewer and the other completed by the respondent. As in the past, the 2000 interview questionnaire contained a number of "core" questions covering the major topic areas of defense, the economy, labor market participation, and the welfare state. The 2000 self-enumerated questionnaire was devoted to a series of questions on a range of social, economic, political, and moral issues. Topics covered are: (1) political attitudes, (2) democracy and political participation, (3) constitutional change, (4) social trust, (5) public spending and welfare, (6) health care, (7) labor market issues, (8) cohabitation and marriage, (9) teenage pregnancies, (10) education, (11) transportation, and (12) genetics. An international initiative funded by the Nuffield Foundation, the International Social Survey Program (ISSP), also contributed a module to the BSA. The topic of the ISSP module in this collection was the environment. Additional demographic data gathered included age, gender, education, occupation, household income, marital status, social class, and religious and political affiliations.
Curated
British Social Attitudes Survey Panel Study, 1983-1986 (ICPSR 3090)
Released/updated on: 2008-01-07
Geographic coverage: Great Britain, Global
Time period: 1983-01-01--1986-01-01
This survey is part of a continuing series designed to monitor trends in a wide range of social attitudes in Great Britain. The British Social Attitudes Survey (BSA) is similar to the General Social Survey carried out by the National Opinion Research Center (NORC) in the United States. The BSA questionnaire has two parts, one administered by an interviewer and the other completed by the respondent. This panel study is very closely linked, both in terms of design and content, to the British Social Attitudes cross-sectional series. Given that a key aim of the series was to look at trends and changes in attitudes over time, there were strong arguments for using a longitudinal (rather than a repeated cross-sectional) design since this would allow analysis of change to be linked to individual characteristics. The panel study was a unique opportunity to explore the methodological and analytical considerations of a longitudinal approach. The panel study compromises four interviews with individual respondents carried out on an annual basis. The field work for the cross-sectional and panel surveys took place at approximately the same time each year during the years 1983-1986. The topics covered in the questionnaires (by section) were as follows: (1) politics/defense, (2) economic expectations, evaluations, labor market participation, (3) social expenditures, welfare state, housing, education, the National Health Service, (4) crime/police, social class, religion, divorce, racial prejudices, household division of labor, public and personal morality, sexual morals, and (6) change of attitude (perceived). Additional demographic data gathered included age, gender, education, occupation, household income, marital status, social class, and religious and political affiliations.
Curated
Building Strong Families (BSF) Project Data Collection, 2005-2008, United States (ICPSR 29781)
Released/updated on: 2014-06-03
Geographic coverage: Oklahoma City, San Angelo, Indiana, Baton Rouge, United States, Oklahoma, Florida, Baltimore, Atlanta, Texas, Louisiana, Georgia, Maryland, Houston
Time period: 2005-07-01--2008-03-01
The Building Strong Families (BSF) project examined the effectiveness of programs designed to improve child well-being and strengthen the relationships of low-income couples through relationship skills education. It surveyed couples 15 months and 36 months after having applied to and been accepted into a Building Stronger Families (BSF) program at one of eight locations offering services to unwed couples expecting, or having recently had a baby. Major topics included family structure, parental involvement with children, relationships, personal and parental well-being, utilization of services such as workshops to help their relationship and parenting skills, paternity and child support, and family self-sufficiency. Respondents were asked for information on recently born children and relationship status, how much time they spent with their children, their level of satisfaction with their current relationship, substance use, if they had attended relationship and parental counseling, whether they were legally required to provide child support, employment, and family background. Additional information was asked about domestic violence and child abuse, legal trouble, past sexual history, and child development. The 36-month data collection effort also included direct assessments of parenting and child development. The quality of the parenting relationship was assessed for both mothers and fathers and was based on a semi-structured play activity, "the two-bag task." This interaction was videotaped and later coded by trained assessors on multiple dimensions of parenting. During assessments with mothers, the focal child's language development was also assessed using the Peabody Picture Vocabulary Test. Demographic data includes race, education level, age, income, and marital status. The data collection is comprised of seven parts. Part 1: the BSF Eligibility and Baseline Survey Data file; Part 2: the BSF 15-Month Follow-up Survey Data file; Part 3: the program participation data file; Part 4: the BSF 15-month follow-up analysis file; Part 5: the BSF 36-Month Follow-up Survey Data file; Part 6: the mother-child in-home assessment; and Part 7: the BSF 36-Month Follow-up analysis file.
Curated
Simple Crosstabs
CBS News/60 Minutes/Vanity Fair National Poll, October #3, 2011 (ICPSR 34473)
Released/updated on: 2013-01-16
Geographic coverage: United States
This poll, the last of three fielded October 2011, is part of a continuing series of monthly surveys that solicit public opinion on a range of political and social issues. Respondents were asked to disclose whether they voted for John McCain or Barack Obama in the 2008 presidential election, whether they would vote for George W. Bush if he could run for president against Obama, and whether they believe the country as a whole is headed in the right direction. Surveyors queried respondents on upcoming Thanksgiving celebration rituals and holiday related preferences. Details were also sought regarding respondents' personal habits, with topics including religious involvement, restaurant patronage, library visitation, and food preferences. Opinions were collected regarding the legalization of marijuana, the legitimacy of state medical marijuana programs, and the efficacy of alternative medicine (non-surgical treatments, herbal and homeopathic remedies). Furthermore, survey participants were asked whether they believe positive thinking could produce measurable improvement in one's life in general, assist in landing a job, or aid in overcoming serious illness. Demographic information includes sex, age, race, marital status, education level, household income, religious preference, type of residential area (e.g., urban or rural), political party affiliation, political philosophy, number of phones, voter registration status, whether respondents were members of the Tea Party movement, and whether the respondents thought of themselves as born-again Christians.
Curated
Simple Crosstabs
CBS News/60 Minutes/Vanity Fair National Survey, November #2, 2012 (ICPSR 34689)
Released/updated on: 2013-07-12
Geographic coverage: United States
This poll, fielded November, 2012, and the second of two, is part of a continuing series of monthly surveys that solicits public opinion on a range of political and social issues. Respondents were asked their opinions about topics such as their retrospective thoughts on the country's governance, the legality of marijuana and its proper use, holiday shopping, voting behavior and voter registration, (including that during the 2012 presidential election), and personal relationships. Demographic information includes sex, age, race, marital status, education level, political party affiliation, political philosophy, religious preference, employment status, household income, type of residential area (e.g. urban or rural), and whether respondents thought of themselves as born again Christians.
Curated
CBS News/60 Minutes/Vanity Fair Survey, January #4, 2011 (ICPSR 33484)
Released/updated on: 2012-05-23
Geographic coverage: United States
This poll, fielded January 27-31, 2011 is a part of a continuing series of monthly surveys that solicits public opinion on a range of political and social issues. Respondents were asked how well Barack Obama was handling the presidency, who was the greatest president in American history, and whether the respondents would want their child to grow up to be president. Opinions were collected about potential holidays such as Election Day, who the respondents felt was the most influential African-American in United States history, the institution of marriage, entertainment choices, medical marijuana, who or what is to blame for obesity among children, and whether laws should be enacted to prevent public acts such as breast feeding, spitting, and/or cursing. Respondents were also queried on whether they felt the United States would be more vulnerable or stronger by having no state secrets, and what they felt was the ideal retirement age. Additional topics included the Super Bowl, Valentine's Day, interest in visiting Cuba, knowledge of the location of Tunisia, in which industries respondents would be least likely to invest money, institutions for the developmentally disabled, the Tea Party movement, and the September 11, 2001 terrorist attacks. Demographic information includes sex, age, race, marital status, education level, household income, employment status, religious preference, type of residential area (e.g., urban or rural), political party affiliation, political philosophy, and whether respondents thought of themselves as born-again Christians.
Curated
CBS News Monthly Poll #2, April 2006 (ICPSR 4615)
Released/updated on: 2008-01-25
Geographic coverage: United States
This poll, conducted April 28-30, 2006, is part of a continuing series of monthly surveys that solicit public opinion on the presidency and on a range of other political and social issues. Respondents were asked to give their opinions on the current direction of the country, the most important problem the country was facing, the national economy, the threat of Iran, the United States' involvement in Iraq, and to rate the job performance of Donald Rumsfeld. Respondents were also asked about the way George W. Bush was handling certain issues, such as the economy, gas prices, immigration, the war in Iraq, and terrorism, as well as whether they approved of his overall job performance. The next section of the survey addressed gasoline prices and the government's role in regulating them. The survey also contained questions about the status of women, working mothers, and the importance of children in marriage. Respondents were then asked about show business, celebrities, their favorite television shows, movies, and music, and whether they downloaded music or watched videos on the Internet. Additional questions asked for their opinions on video games and whether they watched morning or evening newscasts. Background information on respondents includes employment status, military service, voter registration status, party identification, marital status, sex, religious preference, education record, age, ethnicity, and income.
Curated
CBS News Monthly Poll, February 2001 (ICPSR 3275)
Released/updated on: 2009-04-29
Geographic coverage: United States
This poll, conducted February 10-12, 2001, is part of a continuing series of surveys that solicit public opinion on the presidency and on a range of other political and social issues. The survey examined respondents' views about George W. Bush as president, including whether they approved of Bush's job performance, their opinions of Bush, whether Bush would be in charge and have control of his cabinet, the biggest problems facing President Bush and the Congress, whether Bush would be able to work with both parties to get things done, and whether Bush would be capable of handling foreign affairs. A second battery of questions queried the respondents on their views of Congress, including whether partisanship was still present in Washington, whether they approved of Congress's job performance, and whether the current Congress could do a better job then their predecessors, considering that the Congress was nearly evenly divided. Respondents were also asked for their opinions on taxes and the economy. In regard to taxes, respondents were asked if the budget surplus should be used to cut income taxes, pay down the national debt, preserve programs like Medicare and Social Security, or something else, what size income tax cut they would like to see passed, whether they approved of Bush's 1.6 trillion dollar tax cut over the next ten years, who they thought would benefit from the tax cut, how the tax cut would affect Social Security and Medicare, and what they would do with the extra money if the tax cut passed. With respect to the economy, respondents were queried about the condition of the national economy and whether it was getting better or worse, whether they felt the economy was in a recession, how they viewed the stock market and the future of the market, if it was a good time to buy a new car or house, if they were concerned about layoffs in the future, and whether their spending habits had changed because of concerns for the economy. Another set of questions dealt with America's power supplies. Respondents were asked if the electric companies, state government, or consumers were to blame for the power shortage in California, whether the federal government should help California or if it was a state issue, whether producing energy was more important than protecting the environment, and whether the Arctic National Wildlife Refuge (ANWR) in Alaska should be opened for oil and natural gas drilling. Respondents' views were also elicited on the topics of retirement and marriage. Questions if applicable, probed the age at which the respondents expected to retire, their main reason for planning to retire after age 65, whether they thought that the Social Security system would have enough money to provide their expected benefits, whether they had begun to establish a separate savings program for retirement, what type of program it was, at what age they began this savings program, whether they would accept an early retirement if given the chance, and whether they expected their standard of living to be the same after retiring. In regard to marriage, respondents were asked if most Americans getting married currently took the institution of marriage as seriously as their parents' generation did, how long romance lasts during marriage, if married, what the quality of communication was between them and their spouses, if they could trust their spouses, and whether they were satisfied with marriage. Respondents were also asked for their opinions of former President Bill Clinton, former President George H.W. Bush, Vice-President Dick Cheney, and the 1991 Persian Gulf War. Background information on respondents includes age, gender, education, race/ethnic identity, voter registration, political party affiliation, political orientation, marital status, number of children in the household, and household income.
Curated
CBS News National Super Tuesday Poll, February 2004 (ICPSR 4014)
Released/updated on: 2009-04-29
Geographic coverage: United States
This special topic poll, fielded February 24-27, 2004, is part of a continuing series of monthly polls that solicit public opinion on the presidency and on a range of other political and social issues. Views were sought on the 2004 presidential campaign prior to the upcoming presidential primaries held on Super Tuesday, March 2, 2004, as well as President George W. Bush and his handling of the presidency, foreign policy, the economy, the situation with Iraq, and the war against terrorism. Respondents were polled on how much attention they paid to the 2004 presidential campaign, whether they would vote for President Bush or a Democratic candidate, whom they expected to win, whether their mind was made up, what issue they most wanted candidates to discuss, and whether they planned to vote or had already voted in a Republican or Democratic primary or caucus. Opinions were solicited on Independent presidential candidate Ralph Nader, as well as Democratic presidential candidates John Edwards, John Kerry, Dennis Kucinich, and Al Sharpton. Respondents were asked who the Democratic party should nominate as its presidential candidate, whether they preferred a candidate who supported more or less restrictions on foreign trade, whether a candidate's position on issues or ability to defeat Bush was most important in their choice, whether they had ever supported candidate Howard Dean, and their level of satisfaction if Kerry or Edwards won the nomination. Respondents also rated their level of confidence in the ability of Bush, Kerry, and Edwards to handle an international crisis, whether each cared about the needs and problems of people like the respondent, and whether their decisions were influenced by special interests. Several questions asked whether the result of the war with Iraq was worth the human and economic costs, whether the United States made the right decision in taking military action against Iraq, whether Iraq was a threat to the United States before the war, whether it had weapons of mass destruction, and how well the Bush administration assessed the threat of these weapons prior to the war. Additional topics addressed the condition of the national economy, the effect of the Bush administration's policies on the number of jobs available, whether respondents would support or oppose a constitutional amendment banning same-sex marriage, and whether they would ever vote for a candidate who didn't share their views on gay marriage. Background variables include age, sex, ethnicity, marital status, education, religion, religiosity, household income, number of telephone lines in household, political party affiliation, political orientation, and voter registration and participation history.
Curated
CBS News/New York Times Monthly Poll #1, March 2004 (ICPSR 4015)
Released/updated on: 2009-04-29
Geographic coverage: United States
This poll, conducted March 10-13, 2004, is part of a series of monthly polls that solicit public opinion on political and social issues. Views were sought on the 2004 presidential campaign, as well as President George W. Bush and his handling of the presidency, foreign policy, the economy, the situation with Iraq, and the campaign against terrorism. Respondents were asked whether the country was going in the right or wrong direction, whether the result of the war with Iraq was worth the human and economic costs, whether Iraq was a threat to the United States prior to the war, and whether the United States made the right decision in taking military action against Iraq. Several questions asked whether the terrorist attacks of September 11, 2001, had a negative or positive impact on the economy, whether the economy and the respondent's own financial situation was better or worse than when President Bush first took office four years ago, and the effect of the Bush administration's policies on jobs, taxes, the country's level of safety from terrorism, and the cost of prescription drugs for the elderly. Opinions were solicited on the seriousness of the current budget deficit, how serious of a problem it would be in the future, and whether the tax cuts enacted in 2001 should be made permanent, even if they increased the budget deficit in the future. Respondents were also polled on how much attention they paid to the 2004 presidential campaign, the likelihood that they would vote, whether they planned to vote for President George W. Bush, Democratic candidate John Kerry, or Independent candidate Ralph Nader, whether they had made their mind up yet, who they expected to win, the issue they most wanted candidates to discuss, and whether it was acceptable to use images of the September 11, 2001, terrorist attacks in political campaigns. A series of questions addressed respondents' level of confidence in the ability of President Bush and John Kerry to correctly handle an international crisis and make decisions about the national economy, and whether each candidate's election would increase jobs, improve the economy, protect the country from terrorism, and ensure the future of Social Security benefits. Those polled also gave their opinions of the Democratic and Republican parties, and Vice President Dick Cheney. Additional topics addressed whether homosexuality was a choice, whether respondents favored or opposed a constitutional amendment banning same-sex marriage, whether laws regarding marriage and civil unions should be determined by state or federal governments, and whether the issue of gay marriage should be a part of the election campaign. Background variables include sex, age, education, ethnicity, household income, religion, marital status, number of other telephone lines in household, political party affiliation, political orientation, and voter participation and registration history.
Curated
CBS News/New York Times Monthly Poll #1, October 1990 (ICPSR 9615)
Released/updated on: 2010-03-31
Geographic coverage: United States
Time period: 1990-10-08--1990-10-10
This data collection is part of a continuing series of monthly surveys that evaluate the Bush presidency and solicit opinions on a variety of political and social issues. Demographic information collected includes sex, age, race, education, family income, religion, ethnicity, political orientation, party preference, and voting behavior. Specific topics covered in this survey include foreign policy, the economy and the recession, the federal budget deficit, Dan Quayle, state election campaigns, voter registration status, party preference in the 1990 election for United States House of Representatives, likelihood of voting in the 1990 elections for Congress, and term limits for members of Congress. Other areas on which respondents' opinions were sought include the savings and loan crisis, whether the interests of the government and Congress were self-serving or beneficial to all, re-election of respondent's representative and members of Congress, Democratic vs. Republican control of the White House and House of Representatives, the Cold War, whether the Soviet Union and Germany were peace-loving or aggressive, Iraq's invasion of Kuwait and the response of the United States, female reporters in professional sports team locker rooms, and major league baseball. A series of items focusing on marriage included whether divorce or constant domestic arguments were more harmful to children, respondent's marital status, likelihood of remarriage if divorced, initiating party in divorce, divorce vs. keeping the marriage together, quality of communication and trust in marriage, and whether the respondent would marry the same person again.
Curated
CBS News/New York Times Monthly Poll #2, December 2003 (ICPSR 3984)
Released/updated on: 2009-04-29
Geographic coverage: United States
This poll, conducted December 10-14 and 16, 2003, is part of a continuing series of monthly polls that solicit opinions on political and social issues. Views were sought on the 2004 presidential campaign and the war with Iraq, as well as President George W. Bush and his handling of the presidency, foreign policy, and the economy. Respondents were asked whether the country was going in the right or wrong direction, whether President Bush legitimately won the 2000 presidential election, whether it was acceptable to publicly criticize him on terrorism issues, whether his tax cuts were good or bad for the economy, and the condition of the national economy. A series of questions asked whether the result of the war with Iraq and the removal of former Iraqi leader Saddam Hussein was worth the human and economic costs, whether Iraq was an immediate threat to the United States, how well the United States was doing to bring stability and order to Iraq, how long troops should remain there, and whether the United States won the war with Iraq. Several questions asked about the effects of Saddam Hussein's capture on attacks against United States troops in Iraq and threats of terrorism against the United States, whether the United States could win the war in Afghanistan without the capture or death of Osama bin Laden, and who was winning the war on terrorism. Questions were posed regarding the progress made by the Bush administration in reducing the cost of prescription drugs for the elderly, whether it had a clear plan for rebuilding Iraq and the campaign against terrorism, whether it was too quick or too slow in getting the United States involved in a war with Iraq, and whether the administration told everything it knew about the existence of weapons of mass destruction in Iraq prior to the war. Respondents were also polled on how much attention they paid to the 2004 presidential campaign, whether they would vote for President George W. Bush or a Democratic candidate for president, how certain they were about their choice, which one issue candidates should discuss, whether candidates should support or oppose the war in Iraq and gay marriage, and whether candidates should have political experience inside or outside of Washington. Opinions were solicited on former Vice-President Al Gore, the Democratic presidential nominees (Carol Moseley-Braun, Wesley Clark, Howard Dean, John Edwards, Dick Gephardt, John Kerry, Dennis Kucinich, Joe Lieberman, Al Sharpton), and the effect of Al Gore's endorsement of Howard Dean for president. Respondents were polled on whether the Democratic or Republican party would do a better job of ensuring a strong economy, dealing with terrorism, creating new jobs, and rebuilding Iraq, and whether political leaders from middle class backgrounds did a better job representing the middle class than those from wealthy backgrounds. Views were sought on whether homosexuality was immoral, whether it was a choice, whether homosexual couples should be able to form legal civil unions and marry, and whether marriage was mostly a legal or religious matter. Additional topics addressed the use of steroids in professional sports, the recently passed Medicare bill, whether the government should promote traditional values, the public viewing of caskets of soldiers killed in Iraq, and whether President Bush should have attended the funerals of military personnel. Background variables include sex, age, ethnicity, income, marital status, education, religion, religiosity, number of phone lines in household, date of interview, political orientation, political party affiliation, and voter registration and participation history.
Curated
CBS News/New York Times Monthly Poll, May 1995 (ICPSR 2074)
Released/updated on: 2010-11-15
Geographic coverage: United States
This poll is part of a continuing series of monthly surveys that solicit public opinion on the presidency and on a range of other political and social issues. Respondents were asked to give their opinions of President Bill Clinton and his handling of the presidency, foreign policy, the economy, the United States relationship with Russia, and the Oklahoma City bombing. Those queried were also asked for their general perceptions of Clinton, Boris Yeltsin, Hillary Clinton, Bob Dole, Newt Gingrich, and Dr. Henry Foster. In addition, respondents were questioned in detail on the institution of marriage, including questions on the frequency of arguments and sexual relations. Other issues examined include the role of the United States in Vietnam and World War II. Background information on respondents includes voter registration status, political party, political orientation, education, age, sex, race, and family income.
Curated
Census of Population, 1940 [United States]: Public Use Microdata Sample (ICPSR 8236)
Released/updated on: 2006-01-12
Geographic coverage: North Carolina, Indiana, Wyoming, Utah, Arizona, Montana, Kentucky, California, Kansas, Florida, Delaware, Pennsylvania, Mississippi, Iowa, Illinois, Texas, Connecticut, Georgia, Virginia, Maryland, Idaho, Oregon, Vermont, United States, Oklahoma, Tennessee, Maine, Alabama, Arkansas, Washington, South Carolina, Nebraska, West Virginia, Massachusetts, Colorado, Missouri, Alaska, North Dakota, Wisconsin, Nevada, Rhode Island, South Dakota, Hawaii, Minnesota, New York (state), New Jersey, Michigan, New Mexico, New Hampshire, Louisiana, Ohio
The 1940 Census Public Use Microdata Sample Project was assembled through a collaborative effort between the United States Bureau of the Census and the Center for Demography and Ecology at the University of Wisconsin. The collection contains a stratified 1-percent sample of households, with separate records for each household, for each "sample line" respondent, and for each person in the household. These records were encoded from microfilm copies of original handwritten enumeration schedules from the 1940 Census of Population. Geographic identification of the location of the sampled households includes Census regions and divisions, states (except Alaska and Hawaii), standard metropolitan areas (SMAs), and state economic areas (SEAs). Accompanying the data collection is a codebook that includes an abstract, descriptions of sample design, processing procedures and file structure, a data dictionary (record layout), category code lists, and a glossary. Also included is a procedural history of the 1940 Census. Each of the 20 subsamples contains three record types: household, sample line, and person. Household variables describe the location and condition of the household. The sample line records contain variables describing demographic characteristics such as nativity, marital status, number of children, veteran status, wage deductions for Social Security, and occupation. Person records also contain variables describing demographic characteristics including nativity, marital status, family membership, education, employment status, income, and occupation.
Curated
Census of Population, 1950 [United States]: Public Use Microdata Sample (ICPSR 8251)
Released/updated on: 2006-01-18
Geographic coverage: North Carolina, Indiana, Wyoming, Utah, Arizona, Montana, Kentucky, California, Kansas, Florida, Delaware, Pennsylvania, Mississippi, Iowa, Illinois, Texas, Connecticut, Georgia, Virginia, Maryland, Idaho, Oregon, Vermont, United States, Oklahoma, Tennessee, Maine, Alabama, Arkansas, Washington, South Carolina, Nebraska, West Virginia, Massachusetts, Colorado, Missouri, Alaska, North Dakota, Wisconsin, Nevada, Rhode Island, South Dakota, Hawaii, Minnesota, New York (state), New Jersey, Michigan, New Mexico, New Hampshire, Louisiana, Ohio
This data collection contains a stratified 1-percent sample of households, with separate records for each household, each "sample line" respondent, and each person in the household. These records were encoded from microfilm copies of original handwritten enumeration schedules from the 1950 Census of Population. Geographic identification of the location of the sampled households includes Census regions and divisions, states (except Alaska and Hawaii), Standard Metropolitan Areas (SMAs), and State Economic Areas (SEAs). The data collection was constructed from and consists of 20 independently-drawn subsamples stored in 20 discrete physical files. The 1950 Census had both a complete-count and a sample component. Individuals selected for the sample component were asked a set of additional questions. Only households with a sample line person were included in the 1950 Public Use Microdata Sample. The collection also contains records of group quarters members who were also on the Census sample line. Each household record contains variables describing the location and composition of the household. The sample line records contain variables describing demographic characteristics such as nativity, marital status, number of children, veteran status, education, income, and occupation. The person records contain demographic variables such as nativity, marital status, family membership, and occupation.
Curated
Partially restricted
Simple Crosstabs
Chitwan Valley Family Study: Changing Social Contexts and Family Formation, Nepal, 1995-2019 (ICPSR 4538)
Released/updated on: 2024-10-16
Geographic coverage: Nepal
Time period: 1995-01-01--2019-01-01
The Chitwan Valley Family Study (CVFS) is a comprehensive family panel study of individuals, households, and communities in the Chitwan Valley of Nepal. The study was initially designed to investigate the influence of changing community and household contexts on population outcomes such as marital and childbearing processes. Over time, the goals of the study expanded to investigate family dynamics, intergenerational influences, child health, migration, labor force participation, attitudes and beliefs, mental health, agricultural production, environmental change, and many other topics. The data include full life histories for more than 10,000 individuals, tracking and interviews with all migrants, continuous measurement of community change, over 25 years of demographic event registry, and many other data collections. For additional information regarding the Chitwan Valley Family Study, please visit the Chitwan Valley Family Study Website. A Data Guide for this study is available as a web page and for download.
Principal Investigators
- William G. Axinn, University of Michigan
- Dirgha Ghimire, University of Michigan
- Jordan Smoller, Massachusetts General Hospital
Curated
Partially restricted
Simple Crosstabs
Chitwan Valley Family Study: Labour Outmigration, Agricultural Productivity and Food Security, Nepal, 2015-2017 (ICPSR 36755)
Released/updated on: 2022-05-02
Geographic coverage: Asia, Nepal
Time period: 2015-07-15--2015-12-20, 2016-03-02--2017-02-21, 2016-01-07--2017-11-01, 2016-01-12--2017-12-01, 2016-01-06--2017-05-07, 2016-03-11--2016-04-03, 2017-02-28--2017-04-04, 2016-06-13--2016-08-19, 2017-06-28--2017-08-10, 2016-02-03--2016-03-10, 2017-01-05--2017-03-26, 2015-10-26--2015-12-03, 2016-10-20--2016-11-27, 2016-03-26--2016-04-10, 2017-03-06--2017-04-10, 2015-03-01--2017-01-01, 2015-08-23--2017-06-21, 2015-08-23--2015-12-02, 2016-01-01--2016-05-08, 2016-05-16--2016-09-22, 2016-09-25--2017-01-29, 2017-03-02--2017-06-21, 2017-02-22--2017-06-21, 2015-07-15--2015-12-20, 2015-07-15--2015-12-20
The Chitwan Valley [Nepal] Family Study: Labor Outmigration, Agricultural Productivity and Food Security is a three year project with the aim to investigate the consequences of labor outmigration on agricultural productivity in a poor agricultural country persistently facing food security problems. A Data Guide for this study is available as a web page and for download.
This project's data collection is made up of twenty-five datasets:
Datasets 1-6: The Household Agriculture and Migration Survey includes information on household agricultural practices and remittances received by the household. Face-to-face interviews were conducted to collect data from household members who previously participated in the Chitwan Valley Family Study (ICPSR 4538).
Topics of the survey include crop production and farm technology use, wealth, assets, income, consumption, food security and information about each household member currently away from home. The survey also collected information on gender, ethnicity, and age.
Datasets 7-16: Measured yields of major crops grown by farm households that previously participated in the Chitwan Valley Family Study (ICPSR 4538).
Dataset 17: A monthly demographic event registry administered to all households that previously participated in the Chitwan Valley Family Study (ICPSR 4538).
Datasets 18-23: The Women's Time Use Survey was designed and administered to married, Nepalese women to collect information on changes in their time and involvement in agriculture and other activities. Face-to-face interviews and telephone interviews were conducted to collect data from women who previously participated in the Chitwan Valley Family Study (ICPSR 4538).
The collection covered a range of topics including farm work, hygiene, finances, health, and religion. Further, respondents were queried concerning socialization and assisting children and the elderly.
Datasets 24-25: The Women's Time Use Survey was designed and administered to married, Nepalese women to collect information on changes in their time and involvement in agriculture and other activities. Face-to-face interviews and telephone interviews were conducted to collect data from women who previously participated in the Chitwan Valley Family Study (ICPSR 4538).
Curated
Partially restricted
Simple Crosstabs
Civil Union Study 2000-2002, United States (ICPSR 31241)
Released/updated on: 2014-09-26
Geographic coverage: Vermont, United States
Time period: 2000-01-01--2002-01-01
Vermont was the first state in the United States to legalize same-sex relationships in mid-2000, so that same-sex couples could have the same legal rights as heterosexual married couples at the state level. Same-sex couples came to Vermont from all over the country to legalize their relationships. During the first year that this legislation was enacted, 80 percent of civil unions were acquired by out-of-state residents. In 2002, a project was conducted that compared couples who had civil unions in Vermont during the first year of that new legislation (July 2000-June 2001) with same-sex couples in their friendship circles who had not had civil unions, and with heterosexual married siblings (Solomon, Rothblum, and Balsam, 2004; 2005). The focus was on demographic factors, length of relationship, social support from family and friends, contact with families of origin, social and political activities, degree of "outness," and division of housework, child care, and finances. This was the first study to focus on same-sex couples in legalized relationships in the United States. It was also the first study to examine same-sex couples recruited from a population instead of a convenience sample, because civil unions are a matter of public record. Results indicated very few differences between same-sex couples in civil unions and those not in civil unions, particularly for women. Women in civil unions were more "out" about their sexual orientation, and more likely to consider themselves married than were women not in civil unions. Men in civil unions were more likely to have children, joint bank accounts with their partner, mutual friends with their partner, more connection with their family of origin, and to consider themselves married. They were less likely to have seriously discussed ending their relationship than men not in civil unions (Solomon et al., 2004). In contrast, both types of same-sex couples differed from heterosexual married couples in numerous ways. Same-sex couples were in their current relationship for a shorter duration, less religious, less likely to have children, more likely to share housework and finances, and less close to their family of origin than heterosexual couples. Women in same-sex relationships were more highly educated and perceived less social support from their family of origin than heterosexual married women. Men in same-sex relationships lived in larger cities, were less monogamous and more likely to agree that non-monogamy was acceptable, and perceived more social support from their friends than heterosexual married men. It is not surprising that same-sex couples differed from heterosexual couples. Prior research on lesbians and gay men from convenience samples that compared them to (a) United States census data (e.g., Bradford and Ryan, 1988), (b) their heterosexual siblings (e.g., Rothblum, et al., 2004; Rothblum and Factor, 2001), and (c) representative national samples (e.g., Laumann, Gagnon, Michael and Michaels, 1994) have consistently indicated demographic differences. It was also not surprising that same-sex couples in civil unions were quite similar to same-sex couples not in civil unions given that the first study was conducted after the first year of the new legislation. Consequently, that study was more about who chooses to have a civil union versus those who do not. It was less about how being in a civil union changes a relationship -- for that, follow-up research is needed. Demographic variables include age, race, education, religion, sexual orientation, income, and occupation.
Curated
Community Healthy Marriage Initiative Survey for Six Cities, 2007-2010 (ICPSR 34719)
Released/updated on: 2014-10-02
Geographic coverage: Milwaukee, United States, Texas, Missouri, Ohio, Fort Worth, Kansas City (Missouri), Dallas, St. Louis, Cleveland, Wisconsin
Time period: 2007-10-01--2008-03-01, 2009-10-01--2010-03-01
The Community Healthy Marriage Initiative (CHMI) evaluation was designed to evaluate community-level impacts of various relationship and marriage education programs. This study compared three sites which received grant funding from the Administration for Children and Families (ACF) (Dallas, Texas; St. Louis, Missouri; and Milwaukee, Wisconsin) with three cities that did not receive grant-funding (Fort Worth, Texas; Kansas City, Missouri; and Cleveland, Ohio) to determine what impacts grant funding has on these types of programs. This collection includes two rounds of surveys, one conducted in 2007 and one conducted in 2009, for longitudinal comparison. Respondents were asked a series of questions regarding their knowledge of relationship and marriage education programs in their area, including where they had learned of the classes, what source of advertising they had heard or seen, whether they knew where the classes were held, and whether they had discussed the classes with someone else. Information was collected to gauge respondents' participation in these courses, including whether they had taken a class in the previous 18 months, how long they attended the courses, whether they had received other services as a result of attending the classes, and whether they had suggested the classes to someone else. Respondents were also queried on whether they would be interested in attending a relationship class or a parenting class. Additional topics included parental relationships with their children, and relationship quality. Demographic variables include relationship status, household composition, employment status, parental status, race, age, and household income.
Curated
Consequences of Recent Parental Divorce for Young Adults, 1990-1992 (ICPSR 24400)
Released/updated on: 2010-03-12
Geographic coverage: United States, Maryland
Time period: 1990-01-01--1992-01-01
This longitudinal study focused on examining the consequences of recent parental divorce for young adults (initially ages 18-23) whose parents had divorced within 15 months of the study's first wave (1990-91). The sample consisted of 257 White respondents with newly divorced parents and 228 White respondents who comprised an intact-family comparison group. A life course framework guided the study that focused heavily on young adult transition behaviors (entries and exits from home, work, school, cohabitation and marriage relationships, parenthood), family relationships (relationships with mother and father, siblings, grandparents), and well-being and adjustment (depression, coping). For respondents in the divorced-parents group, additional questions were asked about specific aspects of the divorce and their involvement in it. A follow-up telephone interview conducted two years later assessed life changes and subsequent adjustment over time for both groups of respondents. Specific questions addressed the sexual history of respondents and their most recent sexual partner, including the perceived risk of HIV/AIDS, history of sexual transmitted disease, the use of contraception, how much information they had shared with each other regarding their sexual attitudes and behaviors, and respondent's knowledge of the AIDS virus. Information was also collected on marital/cohabitation history, employment history, reproductive history, including the number and outcome of all pregnancies, physical and mental health, and tobacco, alcohol and drug use. Demographic variables include respondent's sex, age, occupation, employment status, marital/cohabitation status, number of children, current enrollment in school, past and present religious preferences, frequency of religious attendance, military service, and the number, sex, and age of siblings. Demographic information also includes the age, education level, employment status, and annual income of the respondent's parents, as well as the age, race, and education level of the respondent's most recent sexual partner. For those respondents whose parents were recently divorced, demographic information was collected on each parent's current marital status and the age of their new spouse or partner.
Curated
Current Population Survey, June 1980 (ICPSR 7993)
Released/updated on: 1992-02-16
Geographic coverage: United States
This data collection supplies standard monthly labor force information for the week prior to the survey. Comprehensive information is given on the employment status, occupation, and industry of persons 14 years old and older. This supplement covers three topical areas: marital history, fertility history, and birth expectations. Data on marital history is provided for up to three marriages, the first two and the most recent marriage. All respondents aged 15-75 who had ever been married were asked to provide date of marriage, date marriage ended in widowhood or divorce, and for marriages ending in divorce, the date of separation. Men in their second or later marriage or who were widowed, divorced, or separated were asked about children living elsewhere who they supported. Questions about fertility history were asked of all women ages 18-75 and women 15-18, who had ever been married. Data are provided on the number of liveborn children including date of birth, sex, and current residence. Items of birth expectations include the number of children women aged 18-39 expected to have. Information on demographic characteristics such as age, sex, race, marital status, veteran status, household relationship, educational background, and Hispanic origin, is available for each person in the household enumerated.
Self-published
Data and codes: Sarda Act of 1929: Law and Child Marriage in India (ICPSR 306930)
Released/updated on: 2026-06-17
Geographic coverage: India
Time period: 1911-01-01--2011-12-01
The British colonial government set the minimum age of first marriage for girls at 14 years in British India with the passage of the Child Marriage Abolition Act (Sarda Act) of 1929. The law was not implemented until 1930, six months after its announcement. Using the princely states as a control group, we employ a difference-in-differences strategy to estimate the causal impact of abolishing child marriage for girls under age 14. Analyzing historical census data from 1911 to 1981, we find evidence of an anticipation effect: child marriages among girls increased in 1931 but declined sharply later.
Curated
Restricted
Data from Urban Institute's Survey on Forced Marriage in the United States, 2017 (ICPSR 36855)
Released/updated on: 2018-12-20
Geographic coverage: United States
Time period: 2017-01-01--2017-03-01
These data are part of NACJD's Fast Track Release and are distributed as they were received from the data depositor. The files have been zipped by NACJD for release, but not checked or processed except for the removal of direct identifiers. Users should refer to the accompanying readme file for a brief description of the files available with this collection and consult the investigator(s) if further information is needed.
The Urban Institute, in collaboration with Tahirih Justice Center, sought to examine forced marriages in the United States via an exploratory study of the victimization experiences of those subjected to and threatened with forced marriage. The study also sought to begin to understand elements at the intersection of forced marriage with intimate partner and sexual violence, such as: how perpetrators threaten and actually force victims into marriages; the elements of force, fraud, or coercion in the tactics used to carry out victimization; other case demographics and dynamics (e.g., overseas marriages versus those in the United States); factors that put individuals at risk of forced marriage or that trigger or elevate their risk of related abuses; help-seeking behavior; the role of social, cultural, and religious norms in forced marriage; and the ability (or lack thereof) of service providers, school officials, and government agencies with protection mandates (law enforcement, child protection, and social workers) to screen for, and respond to, potential and reported cases of forced marriage.
This collection contains 1 Stata file: ICPSR-Data-File.dta (21007 cases; 48 variables).
The qualitative data are not available as part of this data collection at this time.
Curated
Detroit Area Study, 1971: Social Problems and Social Change in Detroit (ICPSR 7325)
Released/updated on: 2010-09-30
Geographic coverage: Detroit, United States, Michigan
The study was conducted during the spring and summer of 1971. The aim of the 1971 Detroit Area Study was to gather information on social change in the Detroit area by replicating items from nine earlier Detroit Area Studies that were conducted in 1953-1959, 1968, and 1969. The criteria used for selecting the question items were that they: (1) not be dated by wording or subject matter, (2) be relevant to some problem of current public concern or a continuing issue of sociological theory, and (3) be of the type that would be manageable in a long interview on diverse subjects. The questions chosen to be included in the 1971 Detroit Area Study examined issues such as values in marriage, ideal number of children, satisfaction of wives with marriage, decision-making and division of labor within a marriage, attitudes toward women and work, child-rearing, social participation, religious participation and beliefs, moral and job values, political orientation and participation, evaluation of various institutions, and racial attitudes. In addition to the items replicated from the previous studies, respondents' attitudes toward the United States sending troops to Vietnam were explored. Background variables established respondents' age, sex, race, educational level, marital status, occupation, class identification, and relationship to head of household. Demographic information was also collected on the respondent's spouse and parents.
Curated
Detroit Area Study, 1984: The Process of Mate Choice and Nuptiality in Detroit (ICPSR 9306)
Released/updated on: 1992-02-17
Geographic coverage: Detroit, United States, Michigan
Time period: 1925-01-01--1984-01-01
This Detroit Area Study was primarily concerned with investigating the process of mate choice over time and the impact of mate choice experiences on marital success. To this end, the survey questioned ever-married women about their dating and mate choice history, marital history, and satisfaction with and problems in existing marriages. Respondents were questioned about the steady boyfriends they had before their first marriage and whether they seriously considered marrying another man before they married their first husband. Women who answered in the affirmative to the latter were queried about the race, ethnicity, and socioeconomic characteristics of the man they had most seriously considered marrying before marrying their first husband, how long they went out together, and how the relationship broke off. Questions on the respondent's first marriage covered such things as how and where the respondent first met her husband, her age when they met, how long they were engaged, whether or not they lived together before marrying, whether she had doubts or sought advice about the decision to marry before the wedding, and whether her parents or her husband's parents approved or disapproved of the marriage. Women were also questioned about their career expectations before their first marriage, the religion and socioeconomic status of their first husband, and the date, place, and size of the wedding celebration as well as living arrangements in the first six months of marriage. Questions on the current or most recent marriage covered topics such as the marital division of labor, child-rearing practices and values, friendships shared with the husband, and satisfaction and and interaction with the husband, including the degree of communication, affection shown, disagreements, and physical abuse. Additional information gathered by the survey includes number children ever born, number of stepchildren and adoptions, and the age, race, ethnicity, education, religion, religiosity, employment status, occupation, and early family background of the respondent.
Curated
Detroit Area Study, 1985: Life Events in Everyday Experience (ICPSR 6414)
Released/updated on: 2010-08-20
Geographic coverage: Detroit, United States, Michigan
The 1985 Detroit Area Study surveyed life events of respondents. Questions addressed alcohol and drug use, emotional state, incidents of depression and fear, stress caused by children and work, and respondent's general health. Information on the respondent's family background was also collected, with specific emphases on children, parenting, and marriage. Gender comparison questions were posed to explore in detail issues such as the benefits/responsibilities of marriage, marriage roles and careers, and division of housework tasks. The survey also included items on the respondent's financial situation, social life, social support network, and demographic characteristics such as age, race, sex, education, religion, and income.
Curated
Detroit Area Study, 1997: Social Change in Religion and Child Rearing (ICPSR 4120)
Released/updated on: 2005-06-02
Geographic coverage: Detroit, United States, Michigan
For this survey, respondents from three counties in the Detroit, Michigan, area were queried about their work, health, marriage and family, finances, political views, religion, and child rearing. With respect to finances, respondent views were elicited on credit card purchases, recording expenditures, and savings and investments. Regarding political views, respondents were questioned about political preferences, presidential values, freedom of speech, nuclear war, and the interest of public officials. Questions also addressed religious beliefs and experiences, including the religiosity of respondents' parents, belief in and relationship with God, the relationship between science and religion, school prayer, divorce, and homosexuality. Additional religious questions -- based on the respondents' religious preference (i.e., Protestant, Catholic, Jew, Other Religion, or No Preference/Agnostic/Atheist Only) -- also were asked, covering topics such as interfaith marriages, religion of friends, and observance of religious holy days. Questions were asked about the views of respondents' religious leaders on issues including drinking, abortion, and test-tube fertilization. Regarding child rearing, views were elicited on issues including religious preference of child(ren) raised, religious training given to child(ren), and frequency of prayer before meals. Background information includes marital status, employment, political orientation, and income.
Curated
Development and Maintenance of Low-income Newlywed Marriages (ICPSR 35930)
Released/updated on: 2015-06-03
Geographic coverage: United States
This project examines marital distress and disruption within an ethnically diverse sample of low-income couples. Marriage licenses are used to sample 513 black, white, and Hispanic first-married newlywed couples living in low-income neighborhoods. Assessments include self-reports of personal history, stress, and marital quality, census data on neighborhood characteristics, videotaped observations of marital interactions, and interviewer ratings of the home environment. Couples are assessed in their homes and via telephone interviews 4 times over the first three years of marriage.
Curated
Do Older Adults Know Their Spouses' End-of-Life Treatment Preferences? (ICPSR 25701)
Released/updated on: 2009-06-23
Geographic coverage: United States
When terminally ill patients become mentally incapacitated, their surrogates often make treatment decisions in collaboration with health care providers. The authors examined how surrogates' errors in reporting their spouses' preferences are affected by their gender, status as durable power of attorney for health care (DPAHC), whether they and their spouses discussed end-of-life preferences, and their spouses' health status. Structural equation models were applied to data from married couples in their mid-60s from the 2004 wave of the Wisconsin Longitudinal Study. Surrogates reported their spouses' preferences incorrectly 13 percent and 26 percent of the time in end-of-life scenarios involving cognitive impairment and physical pain, respectively. Surrogates projected their own preferences onto their spouses'. Similar patterns emerged regardless of surrogate gender and status as DPAHC, marital discussions about end-of-life preferences, or spousal health status. Implications for the process of surrogate decision-making and for future research are discussed.
Curated
Dynamics of Economic and Demographic Behavior: "Clean Processes" From the Panel Study of Income Dynamics (PSID) (ICPSR 1239)
Released/updated on: 2001-05-17
Geographic coverage: United States
Lee A. Lillard, director of the Retirement Research Center at the University of Michigan, senior research scientist at its Institute for Social Research, and professor of economics, developed a unique method for analyzing the rich compendium of data collected by the Panel Study of Income Dynamics (PSID) since its inception in 1968. Lee died in December 2000, and his colleagues at PSID decided to provide the fruits of his work to the research community so others might benefit from an exploration of his techniques and methodologies for analyzing data. Lee created what he called "clean processes" to investigate a number of dynamic behaviors that are measured longitudinally in PSID, such as employment, marriage-divorce, and fertility. He and his programmers and research assistants put these processes into a consistent framework, and made decisions about how to resolve inconsistencies, missing items, etc. Data from the files can be entered, as appropriate, in dynamic econometric models of related and mutually causal processes: for instance, the relationships among marriage, fertility, and female labor supply. Thus, researchers can study various combinations of these behaviors without having to go through complex file creation for each project.
Self-published
Dynamics of Economic and Demographic Behavior: "Clean Processes" From the Panel Study of Income Dynamics (PSID) (ICPSR 1239) (ICPSR 127941)
Released/updated on: 2020-12-03
Geographic coverage: United States
***Note: This information is correct as of the last updates to these files [05/17/2001]*** Lee A. Lillard, director of the Retirement Research Center at the University of Michigan, senior research scientist at its Institute for Social Research, and professor of economics, developed a unique method for analyzing the rich compendium of data collected by the Panel Study of Income Dynamics (PSID) since its inception in 1968. Lee died in December 2000, and his colleagues at PSID decided to provide the fruits of his work to the research community so others might benefit from an exploration of his techniques and methodologies for analyzing data. Lee created what he called "clean processes" to investigate a number of dynamic behaviors that are measured longitudinally in PSID, such as employment, marriage-divorce, and fertility. He and his programmers and research assistants put these processes into a consistent framework, and made decisions about how to resolve inconsistencies, missing items, etc. Data from the files can be entered, as appropriate, in dynamic econometric models of related and mutually causal processes: for instance, the relationships among marriage, fertility, and female labor supply. Thus, researchers can study various combinations of these behaviors without having to go through complex file creation for each project.Citation:
Lillard, Lee A. Dynamics of Economic and Demographic Behavior: “Clean Processes” From the Panel Study of Income Dynamics (PSID). Inter-university Consortium for Political and Social Research [distributor], 2001-05-17. https://doi.org/10.3886/ICPSR01239.v1