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These data are sourced from transcriptions of the original establishment-level schedules from the United States Census of Manufactures taken in 1929, 1931, 1933, and 1935. This dataset combines industries currently archived by ICPSR with new transcriptions. In total, twenty-five industries are included representing some 20 percent of manufacturing output. In addition to information transcribed verbatim from Census schedules, the dataset includes establishment identifiers constructed to link establishments across the censuses.

The twenty-five industries included are Agricultural Implements, Aviation, Beverages, Blast Furnaces, Bone Black, Cement, Cigars and cigarettes, Concrete, Glass, manufactured Ice, Ice cream, Linoleum, Macaroni, Malt, Matches, Motor Vehicles, Petroleum Refining, Planing-mill products, Radio, Rubber tires, Soap, Steel works, Cane Sugar, Refining Sugar.

Since the passing of the 1953 Title 13 U.S. Code, Congress gave the Census Bureau authority to conduct an economic census every 5 years on years that end in a 2 or 7. This code mandated that all economic firms must provide requested information, and it required the Bureau to maintain the confidentiality of the individual records. Respondents are asked to provide a range of operational and performance data for their companies.

This collection is compiled from publicly available U.S. Census Bureau data and publications. This data comes from a mix of digitized paper documents, CD-ROMs/Floppy discs, now-discontinued FTP servers, and the US Census Bureau website. However, this data is not a complete sample of the US economic census. This collection has variables related to the type of establishment, year, business sector, payroll, number of employees, number of firms, and shipments. Some inquiries apply to some industries but not others, such as materials consumed and franchising

This was a long-term study of the diffusion of cotton-spinning technologies from Britain to emerging textile industries around the world. Cotton manufacturing was the first global industry, and the dataset provides information on orders covering roughly 90 percent of world trade in these machines. Virtually every major national cotton industry is covered, the major exception being the United States of America (whose textiles industry was supplied primarily by the protected textile machinery industry). The orders include detailed information about machine specifications, such as frame size, machine speed, the yarn count for which the machine is designed, and the types of raw cotton to be utilized. A specific issue that motivated the research project was the choice between mule spinning and ring spinning, on which national patterns diverged widely. There is an extensive literature on this topic, to which Saxonhouse and Wright contributed. See most recently: "Technological Evolution in Cotton Spinning, 1878-1933," in Douglas A. Farnie and David J. Jeremy (eds.), The Fibre that Changed the World: The Cotton Industry in International Perspective, 1600-1990s (Oxford: Oxford University Press, 2004).

The data pertaining to this study was the result of an exhaustive investigation into the nature of the firms composing the Egyptian garment industry. The data capture various characteristics of the firms relating to each one's level and order of integration into the production of fabrics and garments and into retail. Part 1 of the study contains the data obtained from the initial screening interviews administered to each firm by phone to determine the prevalence and nature of integration present in its operations. This information was used to determine which one of the four study questionnaires would be administered to each firm during the final interview. Each questionnaire produced four datasets containing (in this order):

• general questions
• contracts
• lock in, switching costs, and temporal specificity
• product information.

Questionnaire 1 (Parts 2-5) was administered to the firms for which the following four scenarios was true: (1) garment production and retail occurred at the same time at the establishment, and both garment production and fabric production took place at the same time at the establishment, (2) garment production and retail occurred simultaneously at the establishment, but fabrics were not produced in-house, (3) garment production occurred before retail while garment and fabric production were simultaneous at the establishment, and (4) garment and fabric production that occurred simultaneously at the establishment but retail operations not performed in-house (i.e. did not own or rent its own retail stores). Questionnaire 2 (Parts 6-9) was completed by the firms for which the following two scenarios were true: (1) garment production was subsequent to fabric production, and garment production was started prior to retail, or (2) garment production was started prior to retail, and the firm did not produce any of its own fabrics. Questionnaire 3 (Parts 10-13) was given to the firms for which the following three scenarios were true: (1) garment production began simultaneously with fabric production but not at the onset, and for which retail started subsequent to both garment and fabric production, (2) both fabric production and retail had started subsequent to garment production, and (3) garment production started before fabric production, and the firm did not perform in-house retail operations. Questionnaire 4 (Parts 14-17) was administered to firms for which the following two scenarios were true: (1) garment production was subsequent to fabric production, but in-house retail operations were not performed, or (2) there was no fabric production or in-house retail operations. Each of the four questionnaires contained an identical screening section (in addition to the screening information found in Part 1) in order to ensure that the appropriate questionnaire was administered during the interview. Specific questions regarding each firm's management, sister companies, products, operations, and other firm-level characteristics varied depending on the questionnaire. However, sections eight and nine, dealing with fabrics and fabric suppliers, were identical across all questionnaires.