Showing 1 – 50 of 51 results.
Self-published
ECIN Replication Package for "International Evidence on the Cost Channel of Monetary Policy" (ICPSR 209793)
Released/updated on: 2025-07-17
Time period: 1998-01-01--2019-12-31
This paper provides aggregate-level evidence from a set of 31 advanced and emerging economies that supports the existence of supply-side effects for monetary policy, i.e., the cost channel. Our methodology employs sign restrictions and historical decompositions to first separate inflation and loan rates into their demand-driven and supply-driven components. These supply-driven components (here called the supply inflation and supply loan rate, respectively) are then used to test for the cost channel. Analytically, a monetary policy tightening, by reducing banks’ loan supply, increases the supply loan rate and raises the borrowing costs faced by firms. Such an adjustment in loan rates also produces a contraction in the aggregate supply that ultimately raises supply inflation. Our estimates show that a monetary tightening increases supply inflation in all countries, but more significantly in emerging economies. Larger supply inflation occurs due to the greater responses of supply loan rates to policy rates and of supply inflation to supply loan rates. According to our stylized New Keynesian model, both reactions are potentially related to the higher pass-through of banks’ and firms’ costs to rates and prices, respectively. Finally, we find out that, on average, the size of the cost channel in emerging economies outweighs the downward inflationary pressures expected from the aggregate demand contraction. Our interpretation is that rising inflation expectations are responsible for this result.
Curated
Partially restricted
Simple Crosstabs
Survey of Consumer Attitudes and Behavior, May 2004 (ICPSR 35361)
Released/updated on: 2024-11-07
Geographic coverage: United States
Time period: 2004-04-01--2004-05-31
The Survey of Consumer Attitudes and Behavior series (also known as the Surveys of Consumers) was undertaken to measure changes in consumer attitudes and expectations, to understand why such changes occur, and to evaluate how they relate to consumer decisions to save, borrow, or make discretionary purchases. The data regularly include the Index of Consumer Sentiment, the Index of Current Economic Conditions, and the Index of Consumer Expectations. Since the 1940s, these surveys have been produced quarterly through 1977 and monthly thereafter.
The surveys conducted in 2004 focused on topics such as evaluations and expectations about personal finances, employment, price changes, and the national business situation. Opinions were collected regarding respondents' appraisals of present market conditions for purchasing houses, automobiles, computers, and other durables. Also explored in this survey, were respondents' types of savings and financial investments, loan use, family income, and retirement planning.
Other topics in this series typically include ownership, lease, and use of automobiles, respondents' use of personal computers at home and in the office, and respondents' familiarity with and use of the Internet. Demographic information includes ethnic origin, sex, age, marital status, and education.
Curated
National Neighborhood Data Archive (NaNDA): Home Mortgage Disclosure Act Longitudinal Dataset by Census Tract, United States, 1981-2021 (ICPSR 39093)
Released/updated on: 2024-09-12
Geographic coverage: United States
Time period: 1981-01-01--2021-12-31
The Home Mortgage Disclosure Act (HMDA) database (Consumer Financial Protection Bureau, 2022) has compiled mortgage lending data since 1981, but the collection and dissemination methods have changed over time (Federal Financial Institutions Examination Council, 2018), creating barriers to conducting longitudinal analyses. This HMDA Longitudinal Dataset (HLD) organizes and standardizes information across different eras of HMDA data collection between 1981 and 2021, enabling such analysis. This collection contains two types of datasets: 1) HMDA aggregated data by census tract for each decade and 2) HMDA aggregated data by census tract for individual years. Items for analysis include borrower income values, mortgages by loan type (e.g., conventional, Federal Housing Administration (FHA), Veterans Affairs (VA), refinances), and mortgages by borrower race and gender.
Curated
Simple Crosstabs
National Neighborhood Crime Study, Wave 2 (NNCS2), [United States], 1999-2013 (ICPSR 38483)
Released/updated on: 2023-01-25
Geographic coverage: United States
Time period: 1999-01-01--2013-12-31, 2010-01-01--2013-12-31
The primary purpose of the second wave of the National Neighborhood Crime Study (NNCS2) was to develop a panel dataset of serious reported crimes in urban neighborhoods circa two time points - 2000 and 2010. These data offer the opportunity to assess the sources and consequences of neighborhood crime change for "communities" of different ethno-racial and economic compositions across the United States. The study also sought to examine the role of a neighborhood's broader ecology on crime levels and crime change by integrating indicators of city and/or metropolitan conditions. The NNCS2 includes two datasets. The first dataset, the NNCS2-Panel file (NNCS2-P), contains information on the Federal Bureau of Investigation's (FBI) Part 1 Index crimes (except arson), socioeconomic and demographic characteristics, and a variety of other neighborhood and city level controls for circa 2000 and 2010 for tracts in 81 of the 91 cities in the NNCS, wave 1. The second dataset, the NNCS2-Cross-Sectional file (NNCS2-CS), allows for examination of the local and contextual sources of neighborhood crime inequality circa 2010. The NNCS2-CS incorporates parallel data for census tracts and cities as in the Panel file, but includes a few additional cities for which panel data could not be compiled, as well information on the metropolitan areas within which cities are located.
Self-published
All Bank Statistics, 1896-1955, Digitized (ICPSR 182671)
Released/updated on: 2022-12-06
Geographic coverage: United States
Time period: 1896-01-01--1955-12-31
This data set is a digitized version of “All-Bank Statistics, United States, 1896-1955,” (ABS) which the Board of Governors of the Federal Reserve System published in 1959. That volume contained annual aggregate balance sheet aggregates for all depository institutions by state and class of institution for the years 1896 to 1955. The depository institutions include nationally chartered commercial banks, state chartered commercial banks, and private banks as well as mutual savings bank and building and loan societies. The data comes from the last business day of the year or the closest available data. This digital version of ABS contains all data in the original source and only data from the original source.This data set is similar to ICPSR 2393, “U.S. Historical Data on Bank Market Structure, ICPSR 2393” by Mark Flood. ICPSR 2393 reports data from ABS but excludes subcategories of data useful for analyzing the liquidity of bank balance sheets, the operation of financial markets, the functioning of the financial network, and depository institutions’ contribution to monetary aggregates. ICPSR 2393, for example, reports total cash assets from ABS but does not report the subcomponents of that total: bankers balances, cash in banks’ own vaults, and items in the process of collection. Those data are needed to understand how much liquidity banks kept on hand, how much liquidity banks stored in or hoped to draw from reserve depositories, and how much of the apparent cash in the financial system was double-counted checks in the process of collection, commonly called float. Those data are also needed to understand the contribution of commercial banks to the aggregate money supply since cash in banks’ vaults counts within monetary aggregates while interbank deposits and float do not. While this dataset provides comprehensive and complete data from ABS, ICPSR 2393 contains information from other sources that researchers may find valuable including data from the aggregate income statements of nationally chartered banks and regulatory variables. To facilitate the use of that information, the naming conventions in this data set are consistent with those in ICPSR 2393.
Curated
Simple Crosstabs
Survey of Consumer Attitudes and Behavior, February 2014 (ICPSR 36637)
Released/updated on: 2018-03-26
Geographic coverage: United States
Time period: 2014-02-01--2014-02-28
The Survey of Consumer Attitudes and Behavior series (also known as the Surveys of Consumers) was undertaken to measure changes in consumer attitudes and expectations, to understand why such changes occur, and to evaluate how they relate to consumer decisions to save, borrow, or make discretionary purchases. The data regularly include the Index of Consumer Sentiment, the Index of Current Economic Conditions, and the Index of Consumer Expectations. Since the 1940s, these surveys have been produced quarterly through 1977 and monthly thereafter.
The surveys conducted in 2014 focused on topics such as evaluations and expectations about personal finances, employment, price changes, and the national business situation. Opinions were collected regarding respondents' appraisals of present market conditions for purchasing houses, automobiles, computers, and other durables. Also explored in this survey, were respondents' types of savings and financial investments, loan use, family income, and retirement planning.
Other topics in this series typically include ownership, lease, and use of automobiles, respondents' use of personal computers at home and in the office, and respondents' familiarity with and use of the Internet. Demographic information includes ethnic origin, sex, age, marital status, and education.
Curated
Simple Crosstabs
Consumer Pyramids Survey, 2014 [India] (ICPSR 36782)
Released/updated on: 2017-12-20
Geographic coverage: India
Time period: 2014-01-01--2014-12-31
The Consumer Pyramids is the largest survey of households in India. The survey contains record-level data that are delivered in the form of population estimates. The survey contains multiple databases that contain population estimates on household demographics, household income and expenses, borrowing by household, and household assets. The data also contain individual-level health status, financial inclusion, education level, and caste and literacy estimates. Demographic information collected include gender, age, religion, education, and occupation.
Database Composition: The Consumer Pyramids Survey is conducted over the course of four-month periods or waves throughout the year totaling three rounds a year. This collection includes the following six databases: People of India; Household Income and Expenses; Household Amenities, Assets, and Liabilities; Household Expenses; Composition of Incomes at the member level; Composition of Incomes at the household level.
Curated
Simple Crosstabs
Home Mortgage Disclosure Act (HMDA): Loan Application Register (LAR) and Transmittal Sheet (TS) Raw Data, 2007 (ICPSR 24611)
Released/updated on: 2016-12-12
Geographic coverage: United States
Time period: 2007-01-01--2007-12-31
The Home Mortgage Disclosure Act (HMDA): Loan Application Register (LAR) and Transmittal Sheet (TS) Raw Data, 2007 contains information collected in calendar year 2006. The HMDA, enacted by Congress in 1975, requires most mortgage lenders located in metropolitan areas to report data about their housing-related lending activity. The HMDA data were collected from 8,886 lending institutions and cover approximately 34.1 million home purchase and home improvement loans and refinancings, including loan originations, loan purchases, and applications that were denied, incomplete or withdrawn. The Private Mortgage Insurance Companies (PMIC) data refer to applications for mortgage insurance to insure home purchase mortgages and to insure mortgages to refinance existing obligations. Part 1, HMDA Transmittal Sheet (TS), and Part 4, PMIC Transmittal Sheet (TS), include information submitted by reporting institutions with the Loan Application Register (LAR), such as the reporting institution's name, address, and Tax ID. Part 2, HMDA Reporter Panel, and Part 5, PMIC Reporter Panel, contain information on all institutions that reported data in activity year 2006. Part 3, HMDA MSA Offices, and Part 6, PMIC MSA Offices, contain information on all metropolitan statistical areas in the data. Parts 7 through 789 contain HMDA and PMIC Loan Application Register (LAR) files at the national level, at the agency level, and by MSA/MD. With some exceptions, for each transaction the institution reported data about the loan (or application), such as the type and amount of the loan made (or applied for) and, in limited circumstances, its price, the disposition of the application, such as whether it was denied or resulted in an origination of a loan, the property to which the loan relates, such as its type (single-family versus multi-family), and location (including the census tract), the sale of the loan, if it was sold, and the applicant's and co-applicant's ethnicity, race, sex, and income.
Curated
Simple Crosstabs
Home Mortgage Disclosure Act (HMDA): Loan Application Register (LAR) and Transmittal Sheet (TS) Raw Data, 2008 (ICPSR 24612)
Released/updated on: 2016-12-12
Geographic coverage: United States
Time period: 2008-01-01--2008-12-31
The Home Mortgage Disclosure Act (HMDA): Loan Application Register (LAR) and Transmittal Sheet (TS) Raw Data, 2008 contains information collected in calendar year 2007. The HMDA, enacted by Congress in 1975, requires most mortgage lenders located in metropolitan areas to report data about their housing-related lending activity. The HMDA data were collected from 8,610 lending institutions and cover approximately 26.6 million home purchase and home improvement loans and refinancings, including loan originations, loan purchases, and applications that were denied, incomplete or withdrawn. The Private Mortgage Insurance Companies (PMIC) data refer to applications for mortgage insurance to insure home purchase mortgages and to insure mortgages to refinance existing obligations. Part 1, HMDA Transmittal Sheet (TS), and Part 4, PMIC Transmittal Sheet (TS), include information submitted by reporting institutions with the Loan Application Register (LAR), such as the reporting institution's name, address, and Tax ID. Part 2, HMDA Reporter Panel, and Part 5, PMIC Reporter Panel, contain information on all institutions that reported data in activity year 2007. Part 3, HMDA MSA Offices, and Part 6, PMIC MSA Offices, contain information on all metropolitan statistical areas in the data. Parts 7 through 794 contain HMDA and PMIC Loan Application Register (LAR) files at the national level, at the agency level, and by MSA/MD. With some exceptions, for each transaction the institution reported data about the loan (or application), such as the type and amount of the loan made (or applied for) and, in limited circumstances, its price, the disposition of the application, such as whether it was denied or resulted in an origination of a loan, the property to which the loan relates, such as its type (single-family versus multi-family), and location (including the census tract), the sale of the loan, if it was sold, and the applicant's and co-applicant's ethnicity, race, sex, and income.
Curated
Simple Crosstabs
Home Mortgage Disclosure Act (HMDA): Loan Application Register (LAR) and Transmittal Sheet (TS) Raw Data, 2013 (ICPSR 36173)
Released/updated on: 2016-08-05
Geographic coverage: United States
Time period: 2013-01-01--2013-12-31
The Home Mortgage Disclosure Act (HMDA): Loan Application Register (LAR) and Transmittal Sheet (TS) Raw Data, 2013 contains information collected in calendar year 2012. The HMDA, enacted by Congress in 1975, that requires most mortgage lenders located in metropolitan areas to report data about their housing-related lending activity. The HMDA data were collected from 7,400 lending institutions and cover approximately 18.7 million home purchase and home improvement loans and refinancings, including loan originations, loan purchases, and applications that were denied, incomplete, or withdrawn. The Private Mortgage Insurance Companies (PMIC) data refer to applications for mortgage insurance to insure home purchase mortgages and to insure mortgages to refinance existing obligations. Part 1, HMDA Transmittal Sheet (TS), and Part 4, PMIC Transmittal Sheet (TS), include information submitted by reporting institutions with the Loan Application Register (LAR), such as the reporting institution's name, address, and Tax ID. Part 2, HMDA Reporter Panel, and Part 5, PMIC Reporter Panel, contain information on all institutions that reported data for activity year 2012. Part 3, HMDA MSA Offices, contains information on all metropolitan statistical areas in the data. Parts 6 through 792 contain HMDA and PMIC Loan Application Register (LAR) files at the national level, at the agency level, and by MSA/MD. With some exceptions, for each transaction the institution reported data about the loan (or application), such as the type and amount of the loan made (or applied for) and, in limited circumstances, its price, the disposition of the application, such as whether it was denied or resulted in an origination of a loan, the property to which the loan relates, such as its type (single-family versus multi-family), and location (including the census tract), the sale of the loan, if it was sold, and the applicant's and co-applicant's ethnicity, race, sex, and income.
External data
Strategic National Arts Alumni Project (ICPSR 36540)
Released/updated on: 2016-08-01
For over a decade, the Strategic National Arts Alumni Project (SNAAP) has gathered, analyzed, and reported on survey data from arts and design graduates of degree-granting, postsecondary institutions to understand the professional experiences, educational satisfaction, and personal fulfillment of these alumni.
These data have informed scholarly insights about many topics including needs for expanded curricula; the value of paid internships and other co-curricular pursuits; inequalities in arts training and careers; and entrepreneurial traits of artists. In addition, data gathered through SNAAP assists government entities, funding organizations, and arts leaders in making investment decisions in education, training, and resource allocation.
The SNAAP website offers publicly available reports and presentations on the SNAAP survey and insights its data offer. The first national SNAAP survey administration occurred in fall 2011 and was repeated in 2012 and 2013, creating a database of nearly 100,000 respondents. SNAAP's second three-year cycle took place in 2015, 2016, and 2017. The latest SNAAP survey was administered in 2022 and incorporated notable updates to its sampling and questionnaire. Over 61,000 alumni responded to SNAAP's 2022 survey administration, resulting in nearly 300,000 alumni responding since SNAAP's inception. Technical documentation for the 2022 survey administration is slated for public release in late 2023.
Citations for data from earlier survey administrations:
Strategic National Arts Alumni Project (2017). SNAAP 2015, 2016, and 2017 Combined Data. Bloomington, IN: Indiana University Center for Postsecondary Research.
Strategic National Arts Alumni Project (2013). SNAAP 2011, 2012, and 2013 Combined Data. Bloomington, IN: Indiana University Center for Postsecondary Research.
Curated
Simple Crosstabs
Home Mortgage Disclosure Act (HMDA): Loan Application Register (LAR) and Transmittal Sheet (TS) Raw Data, 2011 (ICPSR 36171)
Released/updated on: 2016-07-25
Geographic coverage: United States
Time period: 2011-01-01--2011-12-31
The Home Mortgage Disclosure Act (HMDA): Loan Application Register (LAR) and Transmittal Sheet (TS) Raw Data, 2011 contains information collected in calendar year 2010. The HMDA, enacted by Congress in 1975, requires most mortgage lenders located in metropolitan areas to report data about their housing-related lending activity. The HMDA data were collected from 7,923 lending institutions and cover approximately 16.3 million home purchase and home improvement loans and refinancings, including loan originations, loan purchases, and applications that were denied, incomplete, or withdrawn. The Private Mortgage Insurance Companies (PMIC) data refer to applications for mortgage insurance to insure home purchase mortgages and to insure mortgages to refinance existing obligations. Part 1, HMDA Transmittal Sheet (TS), and Part 4, PMIC Transmittal Sheet (TS), include information submitted by reporting institutions with the Loan Application Register (LAR), such as the reporting institution's name, address, and Tax ID. Part 2, HMDA Reporter Panel, and Part 5, PMIC Reporter Panel, contain information on all institutions that reported data for activity year 2010. Part 3, HMDA MSA Offices, and Part 6, PMIC MSA Offices, contain information on all metropolitan statistical areas in the data. Parts 7 through 799 contain HMDA and PMIC Loan Application Register (LAR) files at the national level, at the agency level, and by MSA/MD. With some exceptions, for each transaction the institution reported data about the loan (or application), such as the type and amount of the loan made (or applied for) and, in limited circumstances, its price, the disposition of the application, such as whether it was denied or resulted in an origination of a loan, the property to which the loan relates, such as its type (single-family versus multi-family), and location (including the census tract), the sale of the loan, if it was sold, and the applicant's and co-applicant's ethnicity, race, sex, and income.
Curated
Simple Crosstabs
Home Mortgage Disclosure Act (HMDA): Loan Application Register (LAR) and Transmittal Sheet (TS) Raw Data, 2012 (ICPSR 36172)
Released/updated on: 2016-06-29
Geographic coverage: United States
Time period: 2012-01-01--2012-12-31
The Home Mortgage Disclosure Act (HMDA): Loan Application Register (LAR) and Transmittal Sheet (TS) Raw Data, 2012 contains information collected in calendar year 2011. The HMDA, enacted by Congress in 1975, requires most mortgage lenders located in metropolitan areas to report data about their housing-related lending activity. The HMDA data were collected from 7,632 lending institutions and cover approximately 14.7 million home purchase and home improvement loans and refinancings, including loan originations, loan purchases, and applications that were denied, incomplete, or withdrawn. The Private Mortgage Insurance Companies (PMIC) data refer to applications for mortgage insurance to insure home purchase mortgages and to insure mortgages to refinance existing obligations. Part 1, HMDA Transmittal Sheet (TS), and Part 4, PMIC Transmittal Sheet (TS), include information submitted by reporting institutions with the Loan Application Register (LAR), such as the reporting institution's name, address, and Tax ID. Part 2, HMDA Reporter Panel, and Part 5, PMIC Reporter Panel, contain information on all institutions that reported data for activity year 2011. Part 3, HMDA MSA Offices, and Part 6, PMIC MSA Offices, contain information on all metropolitan statistical areas in the data. Parts 7 through 796 contain HMDA and PMIC Loan Application Register (LAR) files at the national level, at the agency level, and by MSA/MD. With some exceptions, for each transaction the institution reported data about the loan (or application), such as the type and amount of the loan made (or applied for) and, in limited circumstances, its price, the disposition of the application, such as whether it was denied or resulted in an origination of a loan, the property to which the loan relates, such as its type (single-family versus multi-family), and location (including the census tract), the sale of the loan, if it was sold, and the applicant's and co-applicant's ethnicity, race, sex, and income.
Curated
Simple Crosstabs
Survey of Consumer Attitudes and Behavior, December 2008 (ICPSR 35416)
Released/updated on: 2016-02-04
Geographic coverage: United States
Time period: 2008-12-01--2008-12-31
The Survey of Consumer Attitudes and Behavior series (also known as the Surveys of Consumers) was undertaken to measure changes in consumer attitudes and expectations, to understand why such changes occur, and to evaluate how they relate to consumer decisions to save, borrow, or make discretionary purchases. The data regularly include the Index of Consumer Sentiment, the Index of Current Economic Conditions, and the Index of Consumer Expectations. Since the 1940s, these surveys have been produced quarterly through 1977 and monthly thereafter. The surveys conducted in 2008 focused on topics such as evaluations and expectations about personal finances, employment, price changes, and the national business situation. Opinions were collected regarding respondents' appraisals of present market conditions for purchasing houses, automobiles, appliances, furniture, and other durables. Also explored in this survey were respondents' types of savings and financial investments, loan use, family income, retirement planning, general feelings and mental health, and political affiliation. Other topics in this series typically include ownership, lease, and use of automobiles, respondents' use of personal computers at home and in the office, and respondents' familiarity with and use of the Internet. Demographic information includes ethnic origin, sex, age, martial status, and education.
Curated
Simple Crosstabs
Survey of Consumer Attitudes and Behavior, September 2009 (ICPSR 35425)
Released/updated on: 2015-12-09
Geographic coverage: United States
Time period: 2009-08-01--2009-09-30
The Survey of Consumer Attitudes and Behavior series (also known as the Surveys of Consumers) was undertaken to measure changes in consumer attitudes and expectations, to understand why such changes occur, and to evaluate how they relate to consumer decisions to save, borrow, or make discretionary purchases. The data regularly include the Index of Consumer Sentiment, the Index of Current Economic Conditions, and the Index of Consumer Expectations. Since the 1940s, these surveys have been produced quarterly through 1977 and monthly thereafter. The surveys conducted in 2009 focused on topics such as evaluations and expectations about personal finances, employment, price changes, and the national business situation. Opinions were collected regarding respondents' appraisals of present market conditions for purchasing houses, automobiles, computers, and other durables. Also explored in this survey, were respondents' types of savings and financial investments, loan use, family income, retirement planning, feelings/general feelings, senior living, and world events. Other topics in this series typically include ownership, lease, and use of automobiles, respondents' use of personal computers at home and in the office, and respondents' familiarity with and use of the Internet. Demographic information includes ethnic origin, sex, age, marital status, and education.
Curated
Simple Crosstabs
Survey of Consumer Attitudes and Behavior, March 2009 (ICPSR 35419)
Released/updated on: 2015-11-18
Geographic coverage: United States
Time period: 2009-03-01--2009-03-31
The Survey of Consumer Attitudes and Behavior series (also known as the Surveys of Consumers) was undertaken to measure changes in consumer attitudes and expectations, to understand why such changes occur, and to evaluate how they relate to consumer decisions to save, borrow, or make discretionary purchases. The data regularly include the Index of Consumer Sentiment, the Index of Current Economic Conditions, and the Index of Consumer Expectations. Since the 1940s, these surveys have been produced quarterly through 1977 and monthly thereafter. The surveys conducted in 2009 focused on topics such as evaluations and expectations about personal finances, employment, price changes, and the national business situation. Opinions were collected regarding respondents' appraisals of present market conditions for purchasing houses, automobiles, appliances, furniture, and other durables. Also explored in this survey were respondents' types of savings and financial investments, loan use, family income, and retirement planning. Other topics in this series typically include ownership, lease, and use of automobiles, respondents' use of personal computers at home and in the office, and respondents' familiarity with and use of the Internet. Demographic information includes ethnic origin, sex, age, and martial status, and education.
Curated
Simple Crosstabs
Survey of Consumer Attitudes and Behavior, February 2012 (ICPSR 35454)
Released/updated on: 2015-05-14
Geographic coverage: United States
Time period: 2012-02-01--2012-02-29
The Survey of Consumer Attitudes and Behavior series (also known as the Surveys of Consumers) was undertaken to measure changes in consumer attitudes and expectations, to understand why such changes occur, and to evaluate how they relate to consumer decisions to save, borrow, or make discretionary purchases. The data regularly include the Index of Consumer Sentiment, the Index of Current Economic Conditions, and the Index of Consumer Expectations. Since the 1940s, these surveys have been produced quarterly through 1977 and monthly thereafter. The surveys conducted in 2012 focus on topics such as evaluations and expectations about personal finances, employment, price changes, and the national business situation. Opinions were collected regarding respondents' appraisals of present market conditions for purchasing houses, automobiles, computers, and other durables. Also explored in this survey, were respondents' types of savings and financial investments, loan use, family income, and retirement planning. Other topics in this series typically include ownership, lease, and use of automobiles, respondents' use of personal computers at home and in the office, and respondents' familiarity with and use of the Internet. Demographics information includes ethnic origin, sex, age, marital status, and education.
Curated
Simple Crosstabs
Survey of Consumer Attitudes and Behavior, February 2001 (ICPSR 35280)
Released/updated on: 2015-03-06
Geographic coverage: United States
Time period: 2001-02-01--2001-02-28
The Survey of Consumer Attitudes and Behavior series (also known as the Surveys of Consumers) was undertaken to measure changes in consumer attitudes and expectations, to understand why such changes occur, and to evaluate how they relate to consumer decisions to save, borrow, or make discretionary purchases. The data regularly include the Index of Consumer Sentiment, the Index of Current Economic Conditions, and the Index of Consumer Expectations. Since the 1940s, these surveys have been produced quarterly through 1977 and monthly thereafter. The surveys conducted in 2001 focused on topics such as evaluations and expectations about personal finances, employment, price changes, and the national business situation. Opinions were collected regarding respondents' appraisals of present market conditions for purchasing houses, automobiles, computers, and other durables. Also explored in this survey, were respondents' types of savings and financial investments, loan use, family income, and retirement planning. Other topics in this series typically include ownership, lease, and use of automobiles, respondents' use of personal computers at home and in the office, and respondents' familiarity with and use of the Internet. Demographic information includes ethnic origin, sex, age, marital status, and education.
Curated
Simple Crosstabs
Survey of Consumer Attitudes and Behavior, July 2001 (ICPSR 35285)
Released/updated on: 2014-12-11
Geographic coverage: United States
Time period: 2001-07-01--2001-07-31
The Survey of Consumer Attitudes and Behavior series (also known as the Surveys of Consumers) was undertaken to measure changes in consumer attitudes and expectations, to understand why such changes occur, and to evaluate how they relate to consumer decisions to save, borrow, or make discretionary purchases. The data regularly include the Index of Consumer Sentiment, the Index of Current Economic Conditions, and the Index of Consumer Expectations. Since the 1940s, these surveys have been produced quarterly through 1977 and monthly thereafter. The surveys conducted in 2001 focused on topics such as evaluations and expectations about personal finances, employment, price changes, and the national business situation. Opinions were collected regarding respondents' appraisals of present market conditions for purchasing homes, automobiles, computers, and other durables. Also explored in this survey, were respondents' types of savings and financial investments, loan use, family income, and retirement planning. Other topics in this series typically include ownership, lease, and use of automobiles, respondents' use of personal computers at home and in the office, and respondents' familiarity with and use of the Internet. Demographic information includes ethnic origin, sex, age, marital status, and education.
Curated
Simple Crosstabs
Survey of Consumer Attitudes and Behavior, January 2012 (ICPSR 35453)
Released/updated on: 2014-11-24
Geographic coverage: United States
Time period: 2012-01-01--2012-01-31
The Survey of Consumer Attitudes and Behavior series was undertaken to measure changes in consumer attitudes and expectations, to understand why such changes occur, and to evaluate how they relate to consumer decisions to save, borrow, or make discretionary purchases. Since the 1940s, these surveys have been produced quarterly through 1977 and monthly thereafter. The surveys conducted in 2012 focused on topics such as evaluations and expectations about personal finances, employment, price changes, and the national business situation. Opinions were collected regarding respondents' appraisals of present market conditions for purchasing houses, automobiles, computers, and other durables. Also explored in this survey, were respondents' types of savings and financial investments, loan use, family income, retirement planning, and health and well-being. Other topics in this series typically include ownership, lease, and use of automobiles, respondents' use of personal computers at home and in the office, and respondents' familiarity with and use of the Internet. Demographic information includes ethnic origin, sex, age, marital status, and education.
Curated
Simple Crosstabs
Survey of Consumer Attitudes and Behavior, December 2012 (ICPSR 35464)
Released/updated on: 2014-10-27
Geographic coverage: United States
Time period: 2012-12-01--2012-12-31
The Survey of Consumer Attitudes and Behavior series was undertaken to measure changes in consumer attitudes and expectations, to understand why such changes occur, and to evaluate how they relate to consumer decisions to save, borrow, or make discretionary purchases. Since the 1940s, these surveys have been produced quarterly through 1977 and monthly thereafter. The surveys conducted in 2012 focused on topics such as evaluations and expectations about personal finances, employment, price changes, and the national business situation. Opinions were collected regarding respondents' appraisals of present market conditions for purchasing houses, automobiles, computers, and other durables. Also explored in this survey, were respondents' types of savings and financial investments, loan use, family income, and retirement planning. Other topics in this series typically include ownership, lease, and use of automobiles, respondents' use of personal computers at home and in the office, and respondents' familiarity with and use of the Internet. Demographic information includes ethnic origin, sex, age, marital status, and education.
Curated
Simple Crosstabs
CBS News/New York Times/60 Minutes/Vanity Fair National Poll, May #2, 2012 (ICPSR 34615)
Released/updated on: 2013-05-14
Geographic coverage: United States
Time period: 2012-05-01--2012-05-31
This poll, the last of two fielded May 2012, is a part of a continuing series of monthly surveys that solicits public opinion on a range of political and social issues. Respondents were asked how well Congress and the Supreme Court were performing their jobs, whether justices should allow their own politics to sway their legal decisions, whether justices should continue to be appointed for life, and whether the country was moving in the right direction. Multiple questions addressed student loan debt, including whether the government should deduct unpaid loans from the loan-holder's wages, whether student loan debt should be cleared if the loan-holder files bankruptcy, whether respondents have taken out student loans, and whether they are worried about repaying student loans. Respondents were also queried as to whether they had gone back to school recently, whether they'd completed their degree, whether the additional training had earned them a promotion or a new job, and whether the additional education was a worthwhile investment. Additional topics include the 2010 health care law, vacation time, summer activities, and illegal immigration. Demographic information includes sex, age, race, marital status, education level, household income, employment status, religious preference, type of residential area (e.g., urban or rural), political party affiliation, political philosophy, whether respondents were registered to vote, whether respondents thought of themselves as born-again Christians, whether respondents had children and whether any of them were between 12 and 18 years of age, whether respondents had children who were going to attend or attending college, voting behavior, and whether respondents had defaulted on a student loan.
Curated
Eurobarometer 56.0: Information and Communication Technologies, Financial Services, and Cultural Activities, August-September 2001 (ICPSR 3363)
Released/updated on: 2010-06-30
Geographic coverage: Europe, United Kingdom, Portugal, Global, Spain, Greece, Netherlands, Sweden, Austria, Belgium, Luxembourg, Ireland, Finland, Denmark, Italy, France, Germany
Time period: 2001-08-22--2001-09-27
This round of Eurobarometer surveys diverged from standard trend questions, instead focusing on information and communication technologies, financial services, and cultural activities. Respondents were questioned about how important it was to use a computer in their daily lives, whether and where they used a computer, for which uses a computer or the Internet was important, and which other communication products they used, such as cable TV and mobile phones. They were asked what type of computer training they had received, whether they worked remotely (telecommuted), whether communication technologies had been introduced at their workplace, if so, what the outcome had been, and how using a computer, e-mail, or the Internet had changed the way they worked. Respondents were further queried on financial services, governmental legislation of financial services, whether consumer protection standards should be harmonized within the European Union (EU), and what obstacles were preventing consumers from using financial services in the EU. They were asked about their preferred method of paying for significant purchases and the reasons for that preference, whether they used cards with a confidential code, and the types of financial accounts or loans they had. A final section focused on cultural activities and asked respondents which type of television programs they watched, whether they watched videos or DVDs, listened to the radio, or owned a computer, how often they used the Internet and for what purpose, how many books they had read in the past year, whether they read newspapers or magazines, and what types of music they listened to. They were asked to describe cultural activities they engaged in, types of media they had access to at home (such as a television set, records, CDs, video game player, books), and how many television sets, encyclopedias, and books they owned. Demographic and other background information provided includes respondent's age, gender, nationality, marital status, left-right political self-placement, occupation, age at completion of education, household income, region of residence, and subjective size of community.
Curated
National Neighborhood Crime Study (NNCS), 2000 (ICPSR 27501)
Released/updated on: 2010-05-05
Geographic coverage: United States
Time period: 2000-01-01--2000-12-31
The primary purpose of the National Neighborhood Crime Study (NNCS) was to assemble tract-level crime and sociodemographic data for cities across the United States in order to permit analyses of the sources of crime for "communities" of different racial-ethnic and class composition. The NNCS also sought to examine the extent to which the causes of crime in communities are contingent on the types of geographic region, labor market, or other contextual characteristics. To fulfill these purposes, the NNCS compiled crime and sociodemographic data for census tracts in a representative sample of large United States cities for 2000. The dataset includes: (1) tract-level crime data pertaining to seven of the FBI's crime index offenses; (2) tract-level information on social disorganization, structural disadvantage, socioeconomic inequality, mortgage lending, and other control variables garnered from the 2000 United States Census of Population and Housing Summary File 3 (SF3) and other publicly available sources; (3) city-level information for the city in which the tract is located, focused on labor market structure, socioeconomic inequality, population change, and other control variables; and (4) metropolitan area data for the Metropolitan Statistical Area (MSA) or Primary Metropolitan Statistical Area (PMSA) in which the tract is located, focused on labor market structure, socioeconomic inequality, population change, and other control variables (also taken from the 2000 Census and other publicly available sources). The NNCS contains data for 9,593 census tracts in 91 cities in 64 metropolitan areas. (Please see the collection note section for additional information about variable naming.)
Curated
CBS News Federal Government Poll, February 1989 (ICPSR 9231)
Released/updated on: 2009-04-24
Geographic coverage: United States
Time period: 1989-02-02--1989-02-05
This data collection focuses on the responsibilities of the United States federal government and various governmental assistance programs. Survey respondents were asked if the government should retrain those who have lost their jobs due to industry shutdowns, if government programs in the 1960s improved conditions for the poor, and if the respondent had needed government assistance in the form of a business loan, Social Security, or housing. Respondents also were asked if the federal government should be responsible for such things as helping people pay for college tuition and day care, requiring employers to provide health care for their employees, and helping people pay for nursing homes or other long-term care. Additional topics covered were the respondent's financial situation, college enrollment, home ownership, and mortgages. Background information on individuals includes party affiliation, age, marital status, sex, education, race, and income.
Curated
Mortgage Innovation, Mortgage Choice, and Housing Decisions (ICPSR 25063)
Released/updated on: 2009-03-12
Geographic coverage: United States
This paper examines some of the more recent mortgage products now available to borrowers. The authors describe how these products differ across important characteristics, such as the down payment requirement, repayment structure, and amortization schedule. The paper also presents a model with the potential to analyze the implications for various mortgage contracts for individual households, as well as to address many current housing market issues. The authors use the model to examine the implications of alternative mortgages for homeownership and to show that interest rate-adjustable mortgages and combo loans can help explain the rise-and fall-in homeownership since 1994.
Curated
More Money: Understanding Recent Changes in the Monetary Base (ICPSR 25061)
Released/updated on: 2009-03-11
Geographic coverage: United States
The financial crisis that began in the summer of 2007 took a turn for the worse in September 2008. Until then, Federal Reserve actions taken to improve the functioning financial markets did not affect the monetary base. The unusual lending and purchase of private debt was offset by the sale of United States Treasury securities so that the total size of the balance sheet of the Federal Reserve remained relatively unchanged. In September, however, the Federal Reserve stopped selling securities as it made massive purchases of private debt and issued hundreds of billions of dollars in short-term loans. The result was a doubling of the size of the monetary base in the final four months of 2008. This article discusses the details of the programs that the Federal Reserve has initiated since the crisis began, shows which programs have grown as the monetary base grew, and discusses some factors that will determine whether this rapid increase in the monetary base will lead to rapid inflation.
Curated
Changing the Rules: State Mortgage Foreclosure Moratoria During the Great Depression (ICPSR 24542)
Released/updated on: 2009-01-09
Geographic coverage: United States
Many U.S. states imposed temporary moratoria on farm and nonfarm residential mortgage foreclosures during the Great Depression. This article describes the conditions that led some states to impose these moratoria and other mortgage relief during the Depression and discusses the economic effects. Moratoria were more common in states with large farm populations (as a percentage of total state population) and high farm mortgage foreclosure rates, although nonfarm mortgage distress appears to help explain why a few states with relatively low farm foreclosure rates also imposed moratoria. The moratoria reduced farm foreclosure rates in the short run, but they also appear to have reduced the supply of loans and made credit more expensive for subsequent borrowers. The evidence from the Great Depression demonstrates how government actions to reduce foreclosures can impose costs that should be weighed against potential benefits.
Curated
The Microfinance Revolution: An Overview (ICPSR 21580)
Released/updated on: 2008-01-10
Geographic coverage: Bangladesh, United States, Mexico, Bolivia
The Nobel Prize committee awarded the 2006 Nobel Peace Prize to Muhammad Yunus and the Grameen Bank "for their efforts to create economic and social development from below." The microfinance revolution has come a long way since Yunus first provided financing to the poor in Bangladesh. The committee has recognized microfinance as "an important liberating force" and an "ever more important instrument in the struggle against poverty." Although several authors have provided comprehensive surveys of microfinance, our aim is somewhat more modest: This article is intended as a non-technical overview on the growth and development of microcredit and microfinance.
Curated
A Primer on the Mortgage Market and Mortgage Finance (ICPSR 21581)
Released/updated on: 2008-01-10
Geographic coverage: United States
This article is a primer on mortgage finance. It discusses the basics of the mortgage market and mortgage finance. In so doing, it provides useful information that can aid individuals in making better mortgage finance decisions. The discussion and the tools are presented within the context of mortgage finance, however, these same principles and tools can be applied to a wide range of financial decisions.
Curated
The Varying Effects of Predatory Lending Laws on High-Cost Mortgage Applications (ICPSR 1342)
Released/updated on: 2007-03-16
Geographic coverage: United States
Federal, state, and local predatory lending laws are designed to restrict and in some cases prohibit certain types of high-cost mortgage credit in the subprime market. Empirical evidence using the spatial variation in these laws shows that the aggregate flow of high-cost mortgage credit can increase, decrease, or be unchanged after these laws are enacted. Although it may seem counterintuitive to find that a law that prohibits lending could be associated with more lending, it is hypothesized that a law may reduce the cost of sorting honest loans from dishonest loans and lessens borrowers' fears of predation, thus stimulating the high-cost mortgage market.
Curated
What Happens to Banks When House Prices Fall? U.S. Regional Busts of the 1980s and 1990s (ICPSR 1337)
Released/updated on: 2006-11-29
Geographic coverage: United States
The recent rapid appreciation of house prices in many U.S. markets has prompted concern over the possible effects of a sharp decline in prices, especially for commercial banks and other real estate lenders. This article examines regional real estate booms and busts in the 1980s and 1990s: Only about half of state house price booms were followed by a severe decline in prices, but large house price declines experienced high loan default rates and, thus, low profit and high failure rates. Although U.S. banks may have become more exposed to residential real estate recently, they appear less vulnerable to a decline in house prices than banks in states with large price declines in the earlier period.
Curated
Survey of Consumer Finances, 1989 (ICPSR 9687)
Released/updated on: 2006-03-30
Geographic coverage: United States
Time period: 1989-01-01--1989-12-31
The purpose of this data collection effort was to provide an accurate representation of the distribution of elements composing family balance sheets across families in the United States. To that end, the 1989 Survey of Consumer Finances was designed to gather household-level information closely comparable to that obtained in the SURVEY OF CONSUMER FINANCES, 1983 (ICPSR 9751). Detailed data were collected on the composition of household budgets, the terms of loans, and relationships with financial institutions. Information was also obtained on employment history and pension rights of the survey respondent and the spouse or partner of the respondent. In addition to recording data on the economic assets and liabilities of families, the survey examined the attitudes of consumers toward credit use and their reactions to consumer credit regulations. Demographic variables include age, sex, marital status, housing, and financial independence.
Curated
Survey of Consumer Finances, 1998 (ICPSR 3155)
Released/updated on: 2006-03-30
Geographic coverage: United States
Time period: 1998-01-01--1998-12-31
The purpose of this data collection effort was to provide an accurate representation of the distribution of elements composing family balance sheets across families in the United States. To that end, the 1998 Survey of Consumer Finances was designed to gather household-level information closely comparable to that obtained in the SURVEY OF CONSUMER FINANCES, 1995 (ICPSR 2193). Detailed data were collected on the composition of household budgets, the terms of loans, and relationships with financial institutions. Information was also obtained on the employment history and pension rights of the survey respondent and the spouse or partner of the respondent. Detailed data were also gathered on characteristics of the survey respondent's housing and vehicle(s). In addition to recording data on the economic assets and liabilities of families, the survey examined the attitudes of consumers toward credit use and their reactions to consumer credit regulations, and lines of credit. Demographic variables include age, sex, marital status, housing, and financial independence.
Curated
Survey of Consumer Finances, 1995 (ICPSR 2193)
Released/updated on: 2006-03-30
Geographic coverage: United States
Time period: 1995-01-01--1995-12-31
The purpose of this data collection effort was to provide an accurate representation of the distribution of elements composing family balance sheets across families in the United States. To that end, the 1995 Survey of Consumer Finances was designed to gather household-level information closely comparable to that obtained in the SURVEY OF CONSUMER FINANCES, 1992 (ICPSR 6729). Detailed data were collected on the composition of household budgets, the terms of loans, and relationships with financial institutions. Information was also obtained on the employment history and pension rights of the survey respondent and the spouse or partner of the respondent. Detailed data were also gathered on characteristics of the survey respondent's housing and vehicle(s). In addition to recording data on the economic. assets and liabilities of families, the survey examined the attitudes of consumers toward credit use, and their reactions to consumer credit regulations and lines of credit. Demographic variables include age, sex, marital status, housing, and financial independence.
Curated
Survey of Consumer Finances, 1992 (ICPSR 6729)
Released/updated on: 2006-03-30
Geographic coverage: United States
Time period: 1992-01-01--1992-08-31
The purpose of this data collection effort was to provide an accurate representation of the distribution of elements composing family balance sheets across families in the United States. To that end, the 1992 Survey of Consumer Finances was designed to gather household-level information closely comparable to that obtained in the SURVEY OF CONSUMER FINANCES, 1989 (ICPSR 9687). Detailed data were collected on the composition of household budgets, the terms of loans, and relationships with financial institutions. Information was also obtained on the employment history, pension rights, and housing characteristics of the survey respondent and the spouse or partner of the respondent. In addition to recording data on the economic assets and liabilities of families, the survey examined the attitudes of consumers toward credit use and their reactions to consumer credit regulations. Demographic variables include age, sex, marital status, housing, and financial independence.
Curated
The Evolution of the Subprime Mortgage Market (ICPSR 1325)
Released/updated on: 2006-01-31
Geographic coverage: United States
This paper describes subprime lending in the mortgage market and how it has evolved through time. Subprime lending has introduced a substantial amount of risk-based pricing into the mortgage market by creating a myriad of prices and product choices largely determined by borrower credit history (mortgage and rental payments, foreclosures and bankruptcies, and overall credit scores) and down payment requirements. Although subprime lending still differs from prime lending in many ways, much of the growth (at least in the securitized portion of the market) has come in the least-risky (A-) segment of the market. In addition, lenders have imposed prepayment penalties to extend the duration of loans and required larger down payments to lower their credit risk exposure from high-risk loans.
Curated
National Postsecondary Student Aid Survey, 1987 (ICPSR 9299)
Released/updated on: 2006-01-18
Geographic coverage: United States
Time period: 1976-01-01--1987-12-31
The National Postsecondary Student Aid Survey (NPSAS) collected data from students, former students, parents, and institutions in order to determine how postsecondary student financial aid is targeted, received, and used. The survey, which focused on Guaranteed Student Loan (GSL) recipients, was designed to address such basic questions as who received financial aid, how financial aid was distributed among different types of students and institutions, how much students borrowed to finance their education expenses, and what sources of support students used to pay for postsecondary education. The NPSAS-Student Loan Recipient Survey (SLRS) gathered information on education of respondents, loan received, employment history, and background characteristics such as sex, age, race, citizenship, residence, marital status, and current employment. A parent survey was also conducted, and data were collected on relationship to student, total number of children in family, how much respondents spent on clothing, food, and books and supplies for students, other loans taken out, when respondents started saving for their children's college expenses, and what type of savings accounts they used. The NPSAS-Student Loan Recipient Transcript Survey was designed to gather postsecondary school transcripts for the GSL recipients who were surveyed in the SLRS. The Transcript Survey utilized four levels of inquiry: student, transcript, term, and course. In order to update records on GSL recipients, postsecondary institutions attended by former loan recipients were surveyed. The survey contacted all types of institutions, including public, private nonprofit, and private for-profit two- and four-year institutions, along with schools offering only occupational programs of less than two years. Data were collected concerning financial aid award amounts, student characteristics, educational activities, programs of study elected by loan recipients, classes taken, and financial aid and registrar records.
Curated
Survey of Consumer Finances, 1983 (ICPSR 9751)
Released/updated on: 2006-01-18
Geographic coverage: United States
Time period: 1982-01-01--1983-12-31
The focus of this survey was the estimation of the debt obligations and asset holdings of a nationally representative sample of American families, and their use of financial institutions. A complete, detailed inventory of household assets and debts including businesses, pensions, properties, and financial transactions was collected along with demographic data and a comprehensive work history for primary family members. In addition to recording data on the economic assets and liabilities of 4,103 families, the survey examined the attitudes of consumers toward credit use, their reactions to new financial instruments and to consumer credit regulations, and their knowledge of consumer pension rights and benefits. Data on reasons for various financial choices and attitudes toward financial risk and liquidity were also collected. Information that permits estimation of pension and Social Security wealth was gathered as well. Data for this collection exist in two versions: raw data prepared by the University of Michigan's Survey Research Center and recoded data, prepared by the Federal Reserve Board. The latter file was produced by the Federal Reserve Board using a series of consistency checks and imputation procedures to edit the raw data and estimate values for missing data. Additional weights were constructed and included in the recoded data file. New variables were also constructed directly from original variables and, in addition, were created by matching information from other sources such as the U.S. Census.
Curated
National Postsecondary Student Aid Survey, 1987 [Reformatted Files] (ICPSR 2315)
Released/updated on: 2006-01-18
Geographic coverage: United States
Time period: 1976-01-01--1987-12-31
The National Postsecondary Student Aid Survey (NPSAS) provides information on how postsecondary student financial aid is targeted, received, and used. A significant component of the NPSAS is the Student Loan Recipient Transcript Survey, which collected postsecondary-school transcripts for Guaranteed Student Loan (GSL) recipients who were surveyed in the Student Loan Recipient Survey (SLRS, Part 4). This component provides the means to analyze basic policy issues such as relationships between educational activities and ability to cope with indebtedness, and the patterns of student loan repayment or default. The Transcript Survey data cover 11,847 students, 12,213 transcripts, and 1,412 schools and are organized into four categories, consisting of data at the student (Part 5), transcript (Part 7), term (Part 6), and course (Part 2) levels. At least one student-level and one transcript-level record exist for each sample member for whom a transcript was requested, even if the school in question reported that an individual had never attended or had withdrawn before establishing a formal record of attendance. Student-level data (Part 5) provide general information about the respondent's academic career. Each record is given a case ID code, allowing the merger of transcript data and other files, sampling weights, and data that summarize information found on transcripts from all postsecondary schools attended as well as selected items from Part 4, the Student Loan Recipient Survey data files. Transcript-level records (Part 7) contain data pertaining to the student's academic record at a single institution, including the school ID code, degree or other credentials conferred with accompanying dates, major and minor field(s) of study, and the student's cumulative grade-point average. Term records (Part 6) contain type of term (quarters, trimesters, and semesters), season of occurrence, start and end dates, grade-scale type, the number of courses corresponding to a given term, and a special flag indicating regular or transfer status for the term. Included in term type is a code that signifies credit earned via standardized tests and other life experience. Course-level data (Part 2) include records for every course reported on a transcript. The Student Loan Recipient Survey data (Part 4, Questionnaire Data) contain identifying information about the students such as sex, age, race, citizenship, residence, marital status, and current employment, as well as survey control data, a counter variable for the NPSAS transcripts, and weights. The Composite Data file (Part 1) contains information from the student transcript data in Part 5 and the student questionnaire data in Part 4. It also contains composite variables that combine information from the record abstract done at the institution and the student questionnaire. A Parent Survey (Part 3) was also conducted to collect data on the total number of children in the family, how much respondents spent on clothing, food, and books and supplies for their children, other loans taken out to pay for schooling, when the respondents started saving for their children's college expenses, and what type of savings programs they used.
Curated
How Banks Can Self-Monitor Their Lending to Comply with the Equal Credit Opportunity Act (ICPSR 1291)
Released/updated on: 2003-10-09
Geographic coverage: United States
The authors provide a step-by-step discussion of how an individual lender in the United States can self-monitor its loan process for compliance with the Equal Credit Opportunity Act, illustrated with an empirical example. The article addresses the problems faced by individual lenders who attempt to self-monitor their lending process and concludes with a discussion of the continuing, constructive role that bank examiners and regulators can play in this endeavor.
Curated
Survey of Special Libraries Serving State Governments, Fiscal Year 1977: [United States] (ICPSR 2226)
Released/updated on: 2002-07-18
Geographic coverage: District of Columbia, United States
This study was a survey of all libraries in 50 states and the District of Columbia that served departments or organizations within the state governments. Phase I identified the libraries within the states and the District of Columbia. Phase II consisted of surveying these libraries, and developing edit specifications and table programs. These data provide the following information: library name, library address, number of full-time and part-time employees in different departments, expenditures, holdings, and loan transactions.
Curated
Library General Information Survey (LIBGIS) III [United States]: Public Libraries, Fiscal Year 1977-1978 (ICPSR 2209)
Released/updated on: 2002-05-21
Geographic coverage: United States
This survey provides information about the public libraries' public service outlets, holdings, staffing, receipts, expenditures, loan transactions, physical facilities, and business hours. These data also contribute to an understanding of the total picture of school, academic, and public libraries on a nationwide basis.
Curated
Public Libraries Data, 1988: [United States] (ICPSR 2211)
Released/updated on: 2002-04-19
Geographic coverage: United States
Time period: 1988-01-01--1988-12-31
The purpose of this survey was to identify the cooperative library organizations within the United States and to gather information about these organizations. In this survey the Federal/State Cooperative System for Public Library Data collected 34 basic data items for each library and 7 identifying items. The data items include number of service outlets, full-time equivalent staff, income, operational expenditures, capital outlay, library collection, public service hours per week, services per typical week, and inter-library loans. Forty-four states and the District of Columbia agreed to participate in this program.
Curated
Public Libraries Data, 1987: [United States] (ICPSR 2210)
Released/updated on: 2002-03-29
Geographic coverage: United States
Time period: 1987-01-01--1987-12-31
For this survey the Federal/State Cooperative System for Public Library Data collected 34 basic data items and 7 identifying items for libraries in the United States in 1987. The data items include number of service outlets, full-time equivalent staff, income, operational expenditures, capital outlay, library collection, public service hours per week, services per typical week, and inter-library loans. Nineteen states agreed to participate in this survey.
Curated
Library General Information Survey (LIBGIS) I [United States]: Public Libraries, Fiscal Year 1974 (ICPSR 2208)
Released/updated on: 2002-03-19
Geographic coverage: United States
Time period: 1974-01-01--1974-12-31
This survey provides information about public libraries' public service outlets, holdings, staffing, receipts, expenditures, loan transactions, physical facilities, and hours and days open. These data also contribute to an understanding of the total picture of school, academic, and public libraries on a nationwide basis.
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Library General Information Survey (LIBGIS) I [United States]: Public School Libraries/Media Centers, Fall 1974 (ICPSR 2225)
Released/updated on: 2002-03-19
Geographic coverage: United States
This survey provides current information for individual public school libraries/media centers on holdings, expenditures, staffing, loan transactions, physical facilities, and hours and days open. It also contributes to an understanding of the total picture of public school libraries on a nationwide basis.
Curated
Membership Structure and Occupational Credit Union Deposit Rates (ICPSR 1237)
Released/updated on: 2001-06-12
Geographic coverage: United States
Time period: 1997-01-01--1997-12-31
How do occupational credit unions set deposit rates? This article shows that the answer to this question depends on who actually makes business decisions in credit unions (who is in control), and whether local deposit market competition is important. It is not obvious who controls occupational credit unions. If the sponsor (the employer) is in control, then loans and deposits are priced to maximize the surplus received by all of the credit union's current and potential members (those eligible to join). If members are in control, then a group of members with a majority can maximize its own surplus. The group in control may include members whose primary purpose for joining the credit union is to borrow money or, alternatively, to lend money (make deposits). If local deposit-market competition is the dominant influence, then internal characteristics of the credit union won't matter at all. This study tests the sponsor-control, the member-control, and the market-control hypotheses against each other using a large sample of occupational credit unions observed in 1997. The results suggest that sponsors exercise effective control over occupational credit unions.
Curated
Thresholds for Prime Rate Changes and Tests for Symmetry (ICPSR 1231)
Released/updated on: 2000-12-06
Geographic coverage: United States
The popular assertion -- that banks raise loan rates more readily than they lower them in opposite circumstances -- returns to the forefront during every period of declining market interest rates. Perhaps this assertion captures attention because since the 1980s, the ubiquity of credit card balances means that consumer loan rates affect more people than ever. In this article, the author presents specific tests for asymmetric behavior in bank loan rates. The results suggest that the bank prime lending rate, in particular, is slower to decrease than increase. The findings also suggest that one has to put the asymmetry in perspective. The prime rate does not remain far above where it would be in the absence of asymmetry. In addition, the asymmetry probably is the market's response to the rise in default and late payment probabilities that occurs during cyclical downturns in the economy.
Curated
United States Historical Data on Bank Market Structure, 1896-1955 (ICPSR 2393)
Released/updated on: 1998-04-06
Geographic coverage: United States
This collection consists of annual statewide aggregates for a variety of bank market structure variables in the United States. The data span 60 years from 1896 to 1955 and include information for all 50 states. These time-series data, collected in 1992-1994, pertain to historical bank market structure, soundness, and performance. Balance sheet data are presented for national and non-national banks, while income statement data are available only for national banks. Other variables include state population, state branching law, total loans, total deposits, number of national banks, and bank debits.