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Black History Month (BHM) Programming Survey, United States, 2024-2025 (ICPSR 39671)

Released/updated on: 2026-03-20
Geographic coverage: United States
Time period: 2024-01-01--2025-12-31
The purpose of this study was to explore the current state of BHM programming nationally, develop a model of BHM programming, and operationalize previously identified core library programming competencies. The two main research questions were:
  • what is the state of BHM programming in public libraries, and,
  • how are service area, library organizational, and individual factors associated with the existence and complexity of BHM programming?
Service area variables included region, urbanicity, and the percentage of African American/Black population in the census tract. Library organizational variables included library size, library budget, presence of African American/Black staff, total number of librarians, and size of the library system. Individual variables of the person completing the survey included years as a librarian, length of time at the sampled library, and competencies such as Knowledge of the Community (a psychometrically developed scale) and Cultural Humility (a previously created scale validated with librarians). In addition to the variables above, the questionnaire includes whether the library conducts BHM programming, reasons for not doing so, who plans BHM programming, type of BHM programs, number of programs by age group, percent of African American history programming in February vs throughout the year, awareness and utilization of the Association for the Study of African American Life and History theme, frequency of programming focused on different periods, attitudes about BHM, questions about diversity, equity, and inclusion, and concern about implementing BHM programming in the current political climate. There has never been a systematic study of Black History Month (BHM) programming in public libraries with a nationally representative sample. This study was conducted by the University of Michigan, Program for Research on Black Americans, in partnership with the Black Caucus of the American Library Association (BCALA) and the Public Library Association (PLA). These data will be available starting in September 2026 until then, the data are embargoed.
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Simple Crosstabs

Ithaka S+R Instructor Survey, United States, 2024 (ICPSR 39221)

Released/updated on: 2025-08-12
Geographic coverage: United States
Time period: 2024-01-01--2024-12-31
The first cycle of the 2024 US Instructor Survey queried a random sample of faculty members and instructors in the United States to gain a better understanding of their attitudes, perceptions, and practices regarding teaching, learning, and instructional support at their respective campuses. This survey is a renewed adaptation of Ithaka S+R's triennial US Faculty Survey, fielded since 2000, with a special focus on instruction, diverse teaching, and learning modalities.
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Inventory of Research Data Services at United States and Canadian Universities, 2023 (ICPSR 39114)

Released/updated on: 2025-03-11
Geographic coverage: Canada, United States
Time period: 2023-03-01--2023-07-31

The Inventory of Research Data Services at the U.S. and Canadian Universities study systematically gathered data on the research data services provided by a sample of universities in the United States and Canada. This sample included 40 Research 1 (R1) universities, 40 Research 2 (R2) universities, 40 Liberal Arts Colleges, and 8 institutional members of the Canadian Association of Research Libraries (CARL). Through a comprehensive examination of institutional websites, the study documented the types, locations, extent, and delivery methods of these services, as well as the availability of High-Performance Computing (HPC) resources and the existence of institutional repositories on each campus. Data collection was conducted using the Qualtrics platform.

Carried out from March 2023 to July 2023, this inventory formed part of a collaborative research initiative aimed at coordinating research data support services across campuses. This initiative is being led by Ithaka S+R in partnership with 29 university collaborators in the United States and Canada.

The findings of the inventory are publicly available in this report.

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Ithaka S+R Library Director Survey, United States, 2022 (ICPSR 38876)

Released/updated on: 2024-01-29
Geographic coverage: United States
Time period: 2022-01-01--2022-12-31

The Ithaka S+R Library Survey 2022 examines strategy and leadership issues from the perspective of library deans and directors at not-for-profit four-year academic institutions across the United States. Respondents were asked about their strategies related to services, collections, diversity, equity, inclusion, and accessibility (DEIA), budget, and personnel, their leadership roles within and outside of the library, and their vision for the role of the library. Demographic variables include respondents' number of years in their position, respondents' age, race/ethnicity, and Carnegie Classification.

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Organizing Support for Success: Community College Academic and Student Support Ecosystems: Phase III, United States, 2019 (ICPSR 38829)

Released/updated on: 2023-07-05
Geographic coverage: United States
Time period: 2019-01-01--2019-12-31
The Community College Academic and Student Support Ecosystems (CCASSE) project, funded by a grant from the Institute of Museum and Library Services (IMLS) [LG-96-18-0198-18], examines how academic and student support services at not-for-profit associate-degree granting colleges are organized, funded, and staffed, and how these services can most effectively advance student success. Researchers surveyed chief academic and student affairs officers at colleges across the United States on success measures, services offered, resource challenges and constraints, and vision for future service provision. They investigated current structure and organization of services, challenges senior administrators face, and their anticipated changes to service provision in the future.
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Ithaka S+R Faculty Survey, United States, 2021 (ICPSR 38593)

Released/updated on: 2023-03-09
Geographic coverage: United States
Time period: 2021-10-06--2021-12-13
The eighth cycle of the Ithaka S+R Faculty Survey queried a random sample of higher education faculty members in the United States to learn about their attitudes and practices related to their research and teaching. Respondents were asked about resource discovery and access; research topics and practices; research dissemination, including open access, data management, and preservation; instruction and perceptions of student research skills; the role and value of the academic library; and open-educational resources. Demographic variables include the respondent's age, gender, primary academic field, title or role, institution's Carnegie classification, how many years the respondent has worked at their current college or university, how many years the respondent has worked in their field, what format the courses they are currently teaching (if any) are in (synchronous, asynchronous, or a mix of both) and whether the respondent primarily identifies as a researcher, teacher, or somewhere in between.
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Public Libraries in the United States Survey, 2016-2018 (ICPSR 37992)

Released/updated on: 2021-10-07
Geographic coverage: District of Columbia, United States, Guam, Virgin Islands of the United States, American Samoa, Northern Mariana Islands
Time period: 2016-01-01--2016-12-31, 2017-01-01--2017-12-31, 2018-01-01--2018-12-31

The Public Libraries Survey (PLS) is a voluntary census of public libraries conducted annually by the Institute of Museum and Library Services (IMLS). The Fiscal Year (FY) 2016, 2017, and 2018 surveys are the 28th, 29th, and 30th in the series, respectively. The American Institutes for Research (AIR) served as the data collection agent for all three surveys.

The PLS data files include all public libraries identified by state library administrative agencies in the 50 states, the District of Columbia and the outlying territories of American Samoa and Guam. The Northern Mariana Islands participated in FY 2017 and FY 2018, and the U.S. Virgin Islands participated in FY 2018. The reporting unit in each state or territory for the survey is the administrative entity (AE), defined as the agency that is legally established under local or state law to provide public library service to the population of a local jurisdiction. In this survey, the terms public library and public library system mean an AE. The AE may have a single outlet or multiple outlets. The term "outlet" refers to a library point of service, which may be a physical building, bookmobile, or a books-by-mail provider. Each PLS collected the following information:

  • Data from each public library, such as its name and address, population of legal service area, service outlets, collections, full-time-equivalent (FTE) staff, and operating revenue and expenditures (see Appendix F). These data were reported in the AE record.
  • State characteristics data, including the state total population estimate, the total unduplicated population of legal service areas for the state, and the state's reporting period start and end dates (see the survey questionnaire in Appendix F, items 100-103). Each state library administrative agency reported these data in the state characteristics record because they are not library-level data.
  • Data from each public library service outlet, such as its name and address, type, county location, square footage, public service hours per year, and number of weeks it is open (see Appendix F). These data were reported in the outlet record.

This data collection is useful to researchers, journalists, the public, and policymakers at the federal, state, and local levels. These data are used by federal, state and local officials, professional associations, and local practitioners for planning, evaluation, and policy making.

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University Futures, Library Futures: Aligning Library Strategies with Institutional Directions, United States, 2017-2018 (ICPSR 37862)

Released/updated on: 2020-09-29
Geographic coverage: United States
Time period: 2017-11-20--2018-05-03

"University Futures, Library Futures: Aligning library strategies with institutional directions" establishes a new framework for understanding the fit between emerging library service paradigms and university types. Researchers examined the impact of increased institutional differentiation in universities on the organization of academic libraries and the services they provide.

As libraries move away from a collections model in which libraries measure their success by how large their collections are, this report puts a framework around library services, explores emerging patterns in different institutional settings, and gauges the importance of these services areas--now and for the future--according to surveyed library directors. The work has three main components:

  • a working model of United States higher education institutions that is characterized by educational activity (Research, Liberal Education, Career-directed) and mode of provision (traditional-residential and new-traditional-flexible)
  • a library services framework that covers nine key areas comparison of the above two to test the hypothesis that the services portfolio of libraries map onto the institutional priorities of their host university.

Demographic variables include the basic Carnegie class of the participants' universities and the job titles of participants.

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Ithaka S+R Library Survey, United States, 2019 (ICPSR 37867)

Released/updated on: 2020-09-24
Geographic coverage: United States
Time period: 2019-10-22--2019-12-02
The Ithaka S+R Library Survey 2019 examines strategy and leadership issues from the perspective of library deans and directors at not-for-profit four-year academic institutions across the United States. Respondents were asked about their strategies related to services and collections, discovery, budget and staffing, their leadership roles within and outside of the library, and their vision for the role of the library. Demographic variables include respondents' number of years in their position, respondents' age, their institution type (public/private), and Carnegie Classification.
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Ithaka S+R Faculty Survey, United States, 2018 (ICPSR 37866)

Released/updated on: 2020-09-24
Geographic coverage: United States
Time period: 2018-10-03--2018-12-21
The seventh cycle of the Ithaka S+R Faculty Survey queried a random sample of higher education faculty members in the United States to learn about their attitudes and practices related to research, teaching, and communicating. Respondents were asked about resource discovery and access; research topics and practices; research dissemination, including data management and preservation; instruction and perceptions of student research skills; the role and value of the academic library; open-educational resources; and learning analytics tools. Demographic variables include the respondent's age, gender, primary academic field, how many years the respondent has worked at his or her current college or university, how many years the respondent has worked in his or her field, and whether the respondent primarily identifies as a researcher, teacher, or somewhere in between.
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Public Libraries in the United States Survey, 2015 (ICPSR 37119)

Released/updated on: 2018-08-20
Geographic coverage: District of Columbia, United States, Guam, American Samoa
Time period: 2015-01-01--2015-12-31

The Public Libraries Survey (PLS) provides statistics on the status of public libraries in the United States. It is a voluntary survey conducted annually by the Institute of Museum and Library Services (IMLS). The Fiscal Year (FY) 2015 survey is the 27th in the series.

The data files include all public libraries identified by state library administrative agencies in the 50 States, the District of Columbia, and the outlying areas of American Samoa and Guam. The reporting unit for the survey is the administrative entity, defined as the agency that is legally established under local or state law to provide public library service to the population of a local jurisdiction. In this survey, the term public library means an administrative entity.

For Fiscal Year 2015, IMLS collected the following information via a web-based survey for the PLS:

  • Library Data - Data on each public library, such as its name and address, population of legal service area, service outlets, collections, full-time-equivalent staff, and operating revenue and expenditures. State characteristics data, including the reporting period starting and ending dates, the state total population estimate, and the total unduplicated population of legal service areas for the state. These data are contained in dataset 1 and include 9,251 records; 9,231 were public libraries and 20 were administrative entities that closed or temporarily closed for FY 2015.
  • State Data - Each state library agency reported these data on the "State Characteristics" record because they are not library-level data. These data are in dataset 2 and include 53 records, one for each state and outlying area.
  • Outlet Data - Data on each public library service outlet, such as its name and address, type, county location, metropolitan status, square footage, public service hours per year, and number of weeks a library outlet is open. These data are in dataset 3 and include 17,408 total records. The file includes identifying information and a few basic data items for public library service outlets (central, branch, bookmobile, and books-by-mail-only outlets). The file includes 17,328 outlets in the 50 states and the District of Columbia, 8 outlets in the outlying areas, and 72 records for outlets that were reported as closed or were temporarily closed for FY 2015.

This data collection is useful to researchers, journalists, the public, and policymakers at the federal, state, and local levels. These data are used by federal, state and local officials, professional associations, and local practitioners for planning, evaluation, and policy making.

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Ithaka S+R Library Survey 2016 (ICPSR 37027)

Released/updated on: 2018-04-16
Geographic coverage: United States
Time period: 2016-11-16--2016-12-16
The Ithaka S+R Library Survey 2016 examines strategy and leadership issues from the perspective of academic library deans and directors. Respondents were asked about their strategies related to services, collections, and discovery, their leadership roles within and outside of the library, and their vision for the role of the library. Demographic variables include respondents' number of years in their position, and their institution type (public/private) and Carnegie Classification.
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Public Libraries in the United States Survey, 2014 (ICPSR 36783)

Released/updated on: 2017-05-12
Geographic coverage: District of Columbia, Puerto Rico, United States, Guam, Virgin Islands of the United States, American Samoa, Northern Mariana Islands
Time period: 2014-01-01--2014-12-31

The Public Libraries Survey (PLS) provides statistics on the status of public libraries in the United States. It is a voluntary survey conducted annually by the Institute of Museum and Library Services (IMLS). The Fiscal Year (FY) 2014 survey is the 26th in the series.

The data files include all public libraries identified by state library administrative agencies in the 50 States, the District of Columbia, and the outlying areas of American Samoa, Guam, the Northern Mariana Islands, Puerto Rico and the U.S. Virgin Islands. The reporting unit for the survey is the administrative entity, defined as the agency that is legally established under local or state law to provide public library service to the population of a local jurisdiction. In this survey, the term public library means an administrative entity.

For Fiscal Year 2014, IMLS collected the following information via a web-based survey for the PLS:

  • Library Data - Data on each public library, such as its name and address, population of legal service area, service outlets, collections, full-time-equivalent staff, and operating revenue and expenditures. State characteristics data, including the reporting period starting and ending dates, the state total population estimate, and the total unduplicated population of legal service areas for the state. These data are contained in dataset 1 and include 9,305 records; 9,295 were public libraries and 10 were administrative entities that closed or temporarily closed for FY 2014.
  • State Data - Each state library agency reported these data on the "State Characteristics" record because they are not library-level data. These data are in dataset 2 and include 56 records, one for each state and outlying area.
  • Outlet Data - Data on each public library service outlet, such as its name and address, type, county location, metropolitan status, square footage, public service hours per year, and number of weeks a library outlet is open. These data are in dataset 3 and include 17,566 total records, 17,492 are public library service outlets (central, branch, bookmobile, and books-by-mail-only outlets). The remaining 74 records are outlets that closed or temporarily closed for FY 2014.

This data collection is useful to researchers, journalists, the public, and policymakers at the federal, state, and local levels. These data are used by federal, state and local officials, professional associations, and local practitioners for planning, evaluation, and policy making.

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Ithaka S+R US Faculty Survey 2012 (ICPSR 34651)

Released/updated on: 2016-12-21
Geographic coverage: United States
Time period: 2012-09-10--2012-10-15
This collection represents the fifth cycle of the US Faculty Survey conducted by Ithaka S+R in fall 2012. Investigators surveyed a random sample of higher education faculty members to learn about their attitudes and practices related to research, teaching, and communicating. The fifth cycle differs from previous releases in two significant regards: the questionnaire was developed with input from an advisory committee of academic professionals, and the methodology was revised to take advantage of online distribution and response collection. Demographic and professional information collected includes respondent age, sex, title, primary academic field, number of years working in primary academic field, number of years working at current college or university, and whether the respondent primarily identifies as a researcher, a teacher, or some combination of roles.
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Ithaka S+R | Jisc | RLUK UK Survey of Academics 2015 (ICPSR 36557)

Released/updated on: 2016-12-02
Geographic coverage: United Kingdom
Time period: 2015-01-01--2015-12-31
The UK Survey of Academics 2015, conducted by the partnership of Ithaka S+R, Jisc, and Research Libraries UK (RLUK), examines the attitudes and behaviors of academics at higher education institutions across the United Kingdom. Respondents were asked about resource discovery and access; research topics and practices; research dissemination, including data management and preservation; instruction and perceptions of student research skills; and the role and value of the academic library. Demographic information includes title, academic field, number of years of employment at the respondent's current college or university, number of years working in the respondent's field, age, and gender.
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Ithaka S+R US Faculty Survey 2015 (ICPSR 36586)

Released/updated on: 2016-11-04
Geographic coverage: United States
Time period: 2015-10-12--2015-12-04
The sixth cycle of the Ithaka S+R Faculty Survey queried a random sample of higher education faculty members in the United States to learn about their attitudes and practices related to research, teaching, and communicating. This survey cycle is the first to include medical faculty. Respondents were asked about resource discovery and access; research topics and practices; research dissemination, including data management and preservation; instruction and perceptions of student research skills; and the role and value of the academic library. Demographic variables include the respondent's age, gender, primary academic field, how many years the respondent has worked at his or her current college or university, how many years the respondent has worked in his or her field, and whether the respondent primarily identifies as a researcher, teacher, or somewhere in between.
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Survey of Cultural Programs for Adults in Public Libraries 1998 [United States] (ICPSR 35241)

Released/updated on: 2015-05-27
Geographic coverage: United States
Time period: 1997-01-01--1998-12-31
This data set offers information on cultural programs for adults in public libraries in the United States during 1997-98. The study was conducted between February 8 and May 1, 1998 by the Library Research Center in the Graduate School of Library and Information Science at the University of Illinois, Champaign-Urbana. Surveys were sent by mail to a sample of 1,500 public libraries serving populations of 5,000 people or more - 1,229 completed surveys were returned. The sampling procedure consisted of an initial and two follow-up mailings, the last by certified mail. Data was collected on the types of adult cultural programming offered at each library, program attendance and funding, collaboration with other organizations on cultural programs, the cultural role of the library, and the relative availability of cultural programming in the community served by the library.
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Ithaka S+R Library Survey 2013 (ICPSR 35352)

Released/updated on: 2014-10-10
Geographic coverage: Canada, United States
Time period: 2013-01-01--2013-12-31
The Ithaka S+R Library Survey 2013 was an opinion-based survey of academic library deans and directors at four-year colleges and universities in the United States and Canada. The survey aimed to measure attitudes related to library direction and strategy, staffing levels, budgeting priorities for material resources, print and electronic collections management, and the role of the library in promoting information literacy. Respondents were also asked to detail strategies for enhancing information discovery services in order to meet the changing needs of students and researchers. Information regarding the size and type of each respondent's educational institution was also recorded.
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Ithaka S+R Library Survey 2010: Insights From U.S. Academic Library Directors (ICPSR 33862)

Released/updated on: 2014-05-14
Geographic coverage: United States
Time period: 2010-11-11--2010-12-02
The Ithaka S+R Library Survey 2010 was an attitudinal survey of library directors at the libraries of institutions that grant degrees at the bachelor's level or higher. The survey focused on themes such as the future of the academic library, strategies library administrators are pursuing for their libraries, the management of print journal collections, the development of new digital collections, services provided to library patrons, the creation of new services to meet changing user needs, and practices for digital preservation. It also measured the attitudes of the library community towards e-books, open access, purchasing decisions, and collections management.
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Ithaka S+R, Jisc, RLUK UK Survey of Academics 2012 (ICPSR 34807)

Released/updated on: 2014-05-08
Geographic coverage: United Kingdom
Time period: 2012-11-26--2013-01-23
The Ithaka S+R, Jisc, RLUK UK Survey of Academics 2012 examined the attitudes and behaviors of academics at higher education institutions across the United Kingdom. Respondents were asked about resource discovery and current awareness, library collections and content access, the print to electronic format transition, academic research methods and practices, undergraduate instruction, publishing and research dissemination, the role and value of the academic library, and the role of learned society. Demographic variables include age, gender, academic field, number of years of employment at the respondent's current college or university, and number of years working in the respondent's current field.
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Ithaka 2006 Survey of US Academic Librarian Attitudes and Behaviors (ICPSR 22701)

Released/updated on: 2013-11-21
Geographic coverage: United States
Time period: 2006-07-01--2006-08-31

This study is designed to contribute to community understanding of the attitudes and behaviors of United States college and university librarians. This 2006 study builds upon studies that targeted United States faculty members in 2000 and 2003, and complements a similar study of United States faculty members that was conducted in 2006. Topics covered by this study include: the role of the library on the modern campus, impressions about electronic resources, digital institutional repositories, and the preservation of scholarly journals. This study was meant to develop a descriptive overview of librarians' attitudes, behaviors, perceptions, and priorities. It targeted collection development librarians at United States institutes of higher education, as well as some executive-level librarians at larger campuses (included to ensure an accurate reflection of high-level thinking in these types of schools). Respondents were asked questions such as "Which of the following best describes how your repositories are maintained or managed?" and "How important is working with faculty to incorporate information resources into their lectures and curricula?" Demographic information about institutional size was also gathered in this study.

An overview of major findings may be found on the Ithaka Web site.

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Ithaka S+R Faculty Survey 2009: Key Strategic Insights for Libraries, Publishers, and Societies (ICPSR 30001)

Released/updated on: 2013-11-15
Geographic coverage: United States
Time period: 2009-09-11--2009-11-17
Similar to the 2006 study, "Ithaka 2006 Survey of US Higher Education Faculty Attitudes and Behaviors" (ICPSR 22700), this survey examined faculty attitudes and behaviors on key issues ranging from the library as an information gateway and the need for preservation of scholarly material, to faculty engagement with institutional disciplinary repositories and thoughts about open access. Respondents were asked to identify the primary resource they used for locating information for their research, provide their opinion on the transition of hardcopy library collections to electronic versions, as well as accessing or disseminating scholarly content, and gauge their dependence on college or university libraries in conducting research. In addition, respondents were asked how important various library resources and library and scholarly societies were to their research or teaching, and how important they expect library resources will be in five years. Respondents were queried about their use of electronic search engines, and how often certain methods were used to find information in academic journals. In addition, the survey gathered respondent information on whether they deposited various types of electronic materials or used content deposited by others, the type of repository to which they deposited content, and the importance of long-term electronic data preservation. Lastly, respondents were asked whether they owned an electronic reading device, whether audio or video recordings of their courses were available online, and to rate the importance certain characteristics of academic journals had on influencing their decision of whether or not to publish an article in that journal. Demographic and other background information includes age, gender, job title, primary academic field, number of years in current position and field, and view of self as a researcher or teacher.
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Future Leaders' of North American Research Libraries Perceptions and Preferences Regarding Organizational Culture, 2008 (ICPSR 30101)

Released/updated on: 2011-03-22
Geographic coverage: Canada, United States, North America
Time period: 2008-08-01--2008-10-31
This study was undertaken to better understand future library leaders' perceptions of the current and preferred organizational cultures, and to assess whether there was a relationship between these individuals' satisfaction with their organizational cultures and their perception of their own effectiveness. The survey covered three general topics: (1) the future and the role of libraries, (2) the current culture and management of libraries, and (3) the interviewee's current role and future goals. For the first topic, the future and the role of libraries, the participants were asked to provide their thoughts about future forms of information discovery, data consolidation, and shared curation services. Regarding the role of libraries, they were asked about libraries' effectiveness and response to change. For the second topic, the current culture and management of libraries, the interviewees were asked to answer questions about their current and their preferred organizational culture in a library, and to do the same for their current and their preferred management style. In addition, individuals were asked to what extent they felt their library's organizational structures and processes limited their impact or effectiveness. The third topic, the interviewee's current role and future goals, queried participants on what they perceived to be their future in library science, and asked about the details of their current employment. They were also asked about their age, their gender, and whether they had occupied any leadership positions or had received any accolades.
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Social Sciences Data and Government Information Feedback Survey, October 2005 [United States] (ICPSR 4375)

Released/updated on: 2007-10-17
Geographic coverage: United States
Time period: 2005-01-01--2005-12-31
The purpose of this data collection is to assess the needs of Brown University students, faculty, and staff regarding researching and analyzing numeric and spatial data, and government information (documents) in the social sciences fields, as well as how the social sciences data resources librarian can improve its services in assisting in studies and research. The data were collected via an online survey posted through a listserver to the entire Brown University community. Respondents were asked to give their opinions about learning different statistical packages such as SAS, SPSS, and Stata, as well as Geographic Information Systems (GIS) software. Other questions involved respondents' interest in using different information sources such as government statistics, state information and international information.
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Dimensions and Use of the Scholarly Information Environment, 2001 (ICPSR 20241)

Released/updated on: 2007-09-19
Geographic coverage: United States
Time period: 2001-01-01--2001-12-31
With this survey, researchers sought to obtain information regarding changing patterns of information use for teaching, learning, and research, and the implications of these changes on academic and research libraries. In collaboration with the Council on Library and Information Resources (CLIR) and Outsell, Inc., the Digital Library Foundation (DLF) initiated a research process to understand how library use is changing and to support future investigation and analysis. The primary goal of the questionnaire was to collect data on the relevance of existing and possible future services, as well as on student and faculty perceptions of the library's value in the context of the scholarly information environment. Other objectives included determining (1) what information resources are used to support research, teaching, and learning, and (2) how those sources and services are located, evaluated, and used by faculty and students at different kinds of institutions. Faculty, graduate students, and undergraduate students were surveyed at public and private research universities and private liberal arts colleges in fall 2001. Respondents were asked questions regarding specific locations from which they access information, the accessibility of information equipment, and usage of hardcopy or electronic materials or reference resources. In addition, the survey asked respondents to identify preferred sources of information, including library resources, and the overall importance of the medium of sources. Finally, respondents were asked questions in regard to time devoted to information access and collection, as well as the effects of potential barriers on information accessibility. Specific questions were addressed to faculty, researchers, and students regarding the use of teaching-related resources, coursework-related materials, and course information availability.
External data

ARL Statistics and Salary Surveys (ICPSR 133)

Released/updated on: 2006-03-03
Geographic coverage: United States
ARL Statistics, Interactive Edition, provides access to information and trends in research libraries. Data are collected from the members of the Association of Research Libraries (ARL). Statistics have been published annually since 1962 and include data on collections, staffing, expenditures, and library services, as well as library and university characteristics of the ARL member libraries. This site links to interactive graphics and statistics pages that allow users to manipulate data queries.
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Public Libraries Data, 1989: [United States] (ICPSR 9596)

Released/updated on: 2006-01-18
Geographic coverage: United States
Time period: 1989-01-01--1989-12-31
The purpose of this survey was to identify the cooperative library organizations within the United States and to gather information about these organizations. In this survey the Federal/State Cooperative System for Public Library Data collected 32 basic data items and 7 identifying items for each library. The data items include number of service outlets, full-time equivalent staff, income, operational expenditures, capital outlay, library collection, annual public service hours, library services, and inter-library loans. All 50 states and the District of Columbia are included in this file, which encompasses 8,968 libraries.
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Survey of Special Libraries Serving State Governments, Fiscal Year 1977: [United States] (ICPSR 2226)

Released/updated on: 2002-07-18
Geographic coverage: District of Columbia, United States
This study was a survey of all libraries in 50 states and the District of Columbia that served departments or organizations within the state governments. Phase I identified the libraries within the states and the District of Columbia. Phase II consisted of surveying these libraries, and developing edit specifications and table programs. These data provide the following information: library name, library address, number of full-time and part-time employees in different departments, expenditures, holdings, and loan transactions.
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Survey of Public and Private School Libraries and Media Centers, 1985: [United States] (ICPSR 2227)

Released/updated on: 2002-06-19
Geographic coverage: United States
For this survey, a nationally representative sample of 4,500 public schools was taken from the Center for Education Statistics (CES) Universe file, and a nationally representative sample of 1,700 private schools was drawn from a list of private schools in existence in 1983 in 75 private school primary sampling units (PSUs). Data were collected by mail and telephone from the librarians or persons most knowledgeable about the libraries. Respondents were asked to indicate whether the school had a library or media center, and if so, to describe staff size and education, use of volunteers, amount and type of expenditures, collection size, services offered, technology, usage, circulation, and physical facilities.
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Library General Information Survey (LIBGIS) III [United States]: Public Libraries, Fiscal Year 1977-1978 (ICPSR 2209)

Released/updated on: 2002-05-21
Geographic coverage: United States
This survey provides information about the public libraries' public service outlets, holdings, staffing, receipts, expenditures, loan transactions, physical facilities, and business hours. These data also contribute to an understanding of the total picture of school, academic, and public libraries on a nationwide basis.
Curated

Public Libraries Data, 1988: [United States] (ICPSR 2211)

Released/updated on: 2002-04-19
Geographic coverage: United States
Time period: 1988-01-01--1988-12-31
The purpose of this survey was to identify the cooperative library organizations within the United States and to gather information about these organizations. In this survey the Federal/State Cooperative System for Public Library Data collected 34 basic data items for each library and 7 identifying items. The data items include number of service outlets, full-time equivalent staff, income, operational expenditures, capital outlay, library collection, public service hours per week, services per typical week, and inter-library loans. Forty-four states and the District of Columbia agreed to participate in this program.
Curated

Public Libraries Data, 1987: [United States] (ICPSR 2210)

Released/updated on: 2002-03-29
Geographic coverage: United States
Time period: 1987-01-01--1987-12-31
For this survey the Federal/State Cooperative System for Public Library Data collected 34 basic data items and 7 identifying items for libraries in the United States in 1987. The data items include number of service outlets, full-time equivalent staff, income, operational expenditures, capital outlay, library collection, public service hours per week, services per typical week, and inter-library loans. Nineteen states agreed to participate in this survey.
Curated

Library General Information Survey (LIBGIS) I [United States]: Public Libraries, Fiscal Year 1974 (ICPSR 2208)

Released/updated on: 2002-03-19
Geographic coverage: United States
Time period: 1974-01-01--1974-12-31
This survey provides information about public libraries' public service outlets, holdings, staffing, receipts, expenditures, loan transactions, physical facilities, and hours and days open. These data also contribute to an understanding of the total picture of school, academic, and public libraries on a nationwide basis.
Curated

Library Networks and Cooperative Library Organizations, 1977-1978: [United States] (ICPSR 2224)

Released/updated on: 2002-03-19
Geographic coverage: United States
Time period: 1977-01-01--1978-12-31
The purpose of this survey was to identify the cooperative library organizations within the United States and to gather information about these organizations, such as organizational structure, staffing, funds received during the fiscal year, funds carried over from previous years, expenditures, major services provided, and computer and other automated services.
Curated

Library General Information Survey (LIBGIS) I [United States]: Public School Libraries/Media Centers, Fall 1974 (ICPSR 2225)

Released/updated on: 2002-03-19
Geographic coverage: United States
This survey provides current information for individual public school libraries/media centers on holdings, expenditures, staffing, loan transactions, physical facilities, and hours and days open. It also contributes to an understanding of the total picture of public school libraries on a nationwide basis.
Curated

Higher Education General Information Survey (HEGIS), 1978-1979 through 1979-1980: College and University Libraries (ICPSR 2118)

Released/updated on: 1999-02-17
Geographic coverage: Puerto Rico, United States, Marshall Islands, Guam, Virgin Islands of the United States, American Samoa, Global
The Higher Education General Information Survey (HEGIS) series was designed to provide comprehensive information on various aspects of postsecondary education in the United States and its territories (American Samoa, Guam, Puerto Rico, the Virgin Islands, and the Marshall Islands) and Department of Defense schools outside of the United States. Data are available for both public and private two-year and four-year institutions. The HEGIS College and University Libraries component for 1978-1979/1979-1980 sought data on libraries in 3,190 institutions of higher education in addition to 21 Federal Interagency Committees on Education (FICES) representing joint libraries. Key data elements, presented for up to 12 record types, include number of library collections, number of hours of student assistance and expenditures for wages of library staff, developmental areas, number of library loan transactions for the year, number of transactions per week, library hours and days open per week, library operating expenditures, and library receipts from federal government grants.
Curated

Higher Education General Information Survey (HEGIS), 1976-1977: College and University Libraries (ICPSR 2116)

Released/updated on: 1999-02-03
Geographic coverage: Puerto Rico, United States, Marshall Islands, Guam, Virgin Islands of the United States, American Samoa, Global
Time period: 1976-01-01--1977-12-31
The Higher Education General Information Survey (HEGIS) series was designed to provide comprehensive information on various aspects of postsecondary education in the United States and its territories (American Samoa, Guam, Puerto Rico, the Virgin Islands, and the Marshall Islands) and Department of Defense schools outside of the United States. Data are available for both public and private two-year and four-year institutions. The HEGIS College and University Libraries component for 1976-1977 sought data on libraries in 2,985 institutions of higher education. Key data elements, presented for up to 16 record types, include number of library collections, number of hours of student assistance and expenditures for wages of library staff, number of employees, total library operating expenditures and budget, funds received for library services, developmental areas, total hours and days of library operation per week, and participation in cooperatives/networks with libraries of other institutions.
Curated

Higher Education General Information Survey (HEGIS), 1985-1986: College and University Libraries (ICPSR 2120)

Released/updated on: 1999-02-03
Geographic coverage: Puerto Rico, United States, Marshall Islands, Guam, Virgin Islands of the United States, American Samoa, Global
Time period: 1985-01-01--1986-12-31
The Higher Education General Information Survey (HEGIS) series was designed to provide comprehensive information on various aspects of postsecondary education in the United States and its territories (American Samoa, Guam, Puerto Rico, the Virgin Islands, and the Marshall Islands) and Department of Defense schools outside of the United States. Data are available for both public and private two-year and four-year institutions. The HEGIS College and University Libraries component for 1985-1986 sought data on libraries in 3,388 institutions of higher education. Key data elements, presented for up to 12 record types, include number of branch outlets, total annual and weekly public service hours, number of staff, library operating expenditures and budget, number of library collections, number of loan transactions for the year, and attendance, use of materials, and number of transactions per typical week.
Curated

Higher Education General Information Survey (HEGIS), 1970-1971 Through 1971-1972: College and University Libraries (ICPSR 2113)

Released/updated on: 1998-12-17
Geographic coverage: Puerto Rico, United States, Marshall Islands, Guam, Virgin Islands of the United States, American Samoa, Global
The Higher Education General Information Survey (HEGIS) series was designed to provide comprehensive information on various aspects of postsecondary education in the United States and its territories (American Samoa, Guam, Puerto Rico, the Virgin Islands, and the Marshall Islands) and Department of Defense schools outside of the United States. Data are available for both public and private two-year and four-year institutions. The HEGIS College and University Libraries component for 1970-1971/1971-1972 sought data on libraries in institutions of higher education. Key data elements, presented for up to 19 record types, include number of library collections and resources, physical facilities, number of positions for library staff, salary expenditures, number of hours of assistance and expenditures for wages of library staff, number of employees, level of employees' educational attainment, library operating expenditures and budget, funds received for library services, and developmental areas.
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