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Self-published

Replication data and code Andrea Ramazzotti "Wage Setting Institutions and Internal Migration: The Effect of Regional Wage Equalization in Italy after 1969" (ICPSR 251017)

Released/updated on: 2026-07-02
Geographic coverage: Italy
Time period: 1962-01-01--1981-12-31
Replication package for the paper by Andrea Ramazzotti, "Wage Setting Institutions and Internal Migration: The Effect of Regional Wage Equalization in Italy after 1969". Paper's abstract: "Do minimum wages create spatial mismatches in local labour markets by affecting migration decisions? National wage floors are often motivated by fairness, but ignoring regional productivity differentials can negatively alter incentives to migration. This paper addresses these concerns by studying a reform that, in 1969-1972 Italy, equalized nominal values of sectoral minimum wages across the national territory. Using an original dataset of migration flows and labour market variables for 1962-1981, the paper shows that the reform was associated with a drop in internal migration and with the inception of spatial mismatches that characterize Italy’s labour markets to this day."The replication package provides data, code and/or instructions to replicate tables and figures in the paper.
Self-published

Replication Materials: Gender and Racial Differences in Migration Behavior: Evidence from the Farm Exodus within and out of the U.S. South, 1900-1940 (ICPSR 237073)

Released/updated on: 2026-04-21
Time period: 1900-01-01--1940-12-31
This is the replication package for: "Gender and Racial Differences in Migration Behavior: Evidence from the Farm Exodus within and out of the U.S. South, 1900-1940" by Jennifer Withrow. 
Using linked Census Tree records and archival sources, I explore the roles of race and gender in migrant selection and sorting during the exodus of single young women and men from U.S. Southern farms from 1900-1940. Female migration rates, influenced by changes in farm men’s marriageability, rose during the farm crisis of 1920-1940 and exceeded men’s by 1940. On- and off-farm discrimination by race and gender drove differences in migrant characteristics: out-of-South Black female migrants, but not within-South, were positively selected on education and family resources while White women were positively selected across both destinations.
Curated
Simple Crosstabs

Bangladesh Environment and Migration Survey (BEMS), 2019 (ICPSR 38846)

Released/updated on: 2023-07-24
Geographic coverage: Bangladesh
Time period: 2019-01-01--2019-12-31

The Bangladesh Environment and Migration Survey (BEMS) collects detailed retrospective information about migration trips in southwest Bangladesh, including the first, last, and second-to-last to internal destinations, India, and other international destinations. BEMS collects information about the year, origin, destination, and duration of all trips. Furthermore, BEMS includes information on migration and livelihood histories, socioeconomic conditions, agricultural resources and practices, disasters and perceptions about environment, and self-reported health.

Dataset 1 is a household-level file with information about household composition, economic and migratory activity of household members, land ownership/usage, business ownership, household environmental perceptions, environmental conditions, agricultural activities, and physical and psychological health/well-being of household members. Dataset 2 is an individual-level file containing details of internal and international migration trips, as well as measures of economic and social activity during those trips. It also contains information provided by household heads, spouses, and other migrants in the household. Dataset 3 is an individual-level data file that provides general demographic information and brief migration history for each member of a surveyed household. It also includes health information for the head of household and spouse.

Self-published

Replication data for: Easy Come, Easy Go? Economic Shocks, Labor Migration and the Family Left Behind (ICPSR 126701)

Released/updated on: 2020-11-16
Geographic coverage: Vietnam
Time period: 2008-01-01--2013-12-31
This article investigates the impact of negative income shocks in migrant destination countries around the world on the domestic and international labor migration decisions of their family members left behind at origin. Exploiting differences in labor market shocks across and within destinations during the Great Recession, I find large and heterogeneous effects on both types of migration decisions. Poor migrant households reduced domestic and increased international labor migration in response to the shock. Rich migrant households remained largely unaffected. I provide a theoretical framework, which rationalizes this heterogeneity by the relative magnitudes of income and substitution effects caused by the shock. The results imply a deterioration in the skill selection of aggregate international migrant flows as poor households had below average skill levels. New international migrants targeted the same destinations as established ones from the same household, providing evidence of strong kinship migration networks. The results show that domestic and foreign migration decisions are interrelated and jointly determine aggregate migration flows.
Self-published

Inter State Migrant Policy Index (IMPEX) (ICPSR 115789)

Released/updated on: 2019-11-26
Geographic coverage: India
Time period: 2018-01-01--2019-01-01
Interstate migration in developing countries is a key income generating strategy for low-income households. In India, despite the importance of migration between states, interstate migrants continue to face significant integration barriers in their destination states. The impact of state borders is significant and large on migration within India. This study presents one of the first attempts at creating a set of indicators to understand the role of state-level policies for the integration of interstate migrants in a developing country. After illustrating the process behind the creation of this tool and the tool in itself, we compare seven out the major migrant destination states of India based on their policy frameworks relevant for the integration of interstate migrants. Out of these states, we found that Kerala state is the most inclusive of interstate migrants, but overall policymakers in the considered Indian states have a long way to favour integration of interstate migrants.
Self-published

PersistentSocialNetworks (ICPSR 100996)

Released/updated on: 2018-03-02
Geographic coverage: United States
Time period: 1900-01-01--1900-12-31
Final data used for "Persistent Social Networks: Civil War Veterans Who Fought Together Co-Locate in Later Life,"  Dora L. Costa, Matthew E. Kahn, Christopher Roudiez, and Sven Wilson.
Curated
Simple Crosstabs

County-Specific Net Migration by Five-Year Age Groups, Hispanic Origin, Race and Sex: 2000-2010 (ICPSR 34638)

Released/updated on: 2013-09-05
Geographic coverage: United States
Time period: 2000-01-01--2010-12-31

These data include county-level, net migration estimates by five-year age cohorts and sex, and by race and Hispanic origin, for the intercensal period from 2000 to 2010. The estimates were prepared using a vital statistics version of the forward cohort residual method. These estimates (and the net migration rates derivable from them) extend the set of decennial estimates of net migration that have been produced following each decennial census beginning with 1960 (net migration for the 1950s: Bowles and Tarver, 1965; 1960s: Bowles, Beale and Lee, 1975; 1970s: White, Mueser and Tierney, 1987; 1980s: Fuguitt, Beale, and Voss 2010; and 1990s: Voss, McNiven, Hammer, Johnson and Fuguitt, 2004).

Further information about this project is available on the Net Migration Patterns for US Counties Web site.

Curated

Great Plains Population and Environment Data: Social and Demographic Data, 1870-2000 [United States] (ICPSR 4296)

Released/updated on: 2007-02-07
Geographic coverage: Montana, United States, Wyoming, New Mexico, Oklahoma, Texas, Colorado, South Dakota, Kansas, North Dakota, Nebraska
Time period: 1870-01-01--2000-12-31

The social and demographic data included in this collection consist of a single data file for each decennial year between 1870 and 2000, covering 10 of the 12 Great Plains states. Information on a variety of social and demographic topics was gathered to historically characterize populations living in counties within the United States Great Plains, in terms of: (1) urban, rural, and total population, (2) vital statistics, (3) net migration, (4) age and sex, (5) nativity and ancestry, (6) education and literacy, (7) religion, (8) industry, and (9) housing and other characteristics. These data include selected material compiled as part of the United States population census. The United States Census of Population and Housing has been conducted since 1790 on a regular schedule that is decennial. The county-level social and demographic data produced by the United States government as a result constitute a consistent series of measures capturing changes in the United States population's size, composition, and other characteristics. A subset of the variables available from the short and long-form survey questionnaires of the United States Census of Population and Housing (as compiled for counties) were extracted from previously existing digital files. Besides the decennial census of the population, county-level data were drawn from an assortment of existing digital files as well as sources that were manually digitized. Other data include compilations of county-level information gathered from various federal agencies and private organizations as well as the agriculture and economic censuses. Supplementing these compilations are manually digitized consumer market data, religious data, and vital statistics, including information about births, deaths, marriage, and divorce.

Curated

Demographic Characteristics of the Population of the United States, 1930-1950: County-Level (ICPSR 20)

Released/updated on: 1992-02-16
Geographic coverage: United States
Time period: 1930-01-01--1950-12-31
This data collection contains county-level information on total number of population and internal migration in the United States from 1930 to 1950. Demographic information is provided on race, age, and sex for the counties. There are variables that provide information by age group on the number of native-born white males and females, foreign-born white males and females, Black males and females, and males and females of other nationalities such as Indians, Japanese, and Chinese. For 1930 and 1940, the population is tabulated in five-year intervals until age 34 and in ten-year intervals thereafter. For 1950, the numbers of whites and non-whites are given by sex and age in five-year intervals. Additional variables provide information by age group on net migration of white males and females, and on Black males and females. Other variables give information on births and deaths.
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