Showing 1 – 50 of 56 results.
Self-published
Reconstruction Aid, Public Infrastructure, and Economic Development (ICPSR 167821)
Released/updated on: 2022-04-15
Geographic coverage: Italy
Time period: 1948-01-01--2001-12-31
The Marshall Plan (1948–1952) was the largest aid transfer in history. This paper estimates its effects on Italy’s postwar economic development. It exploits differences between Italian provinces in the value of reconstruction grants they received. Provinces that could modernize more their infrastructure experienced higher increases in agricultural production, especially for perishable crops. In the same provinces, we observe larger investments in labor-saving machines, the entry of more firms into the industrial sector, and a larger expansion of the industrial and service workforce.
Curated
Simple Crosstabs
American Public Opinion and U.S. Foreign Policy, 1994 (ICPSR 6561)
Released/updated on: 2016-01-27
Geographic coverage: United States
Time period: 1994-01-01--1994-12-31
This study is part of a quadrennial series designed to investigate the opinions and attitudes of both the general public and a select group of opinion leaders (or elites) on matters relating to foreign policy, and to define the parameters of public opinion within which decision-makers must operate. Both general public and elite respondents were queried regarding the biggest problems facing the United States, the spending levels for various federal government programs, the role of Congress in determining foreign policy, the impact of foreign policy on issues like prices and unemployment, and the Clinton Administration's handling of various problems such as the overall foreign policy, the overall trade policy, immigration, and the relations with Latin America, Japan, Russia, Cuba, Vietnam, and the Middle East. Questions were also asked about the government's reactions to the ongoing situations in Bosnia, North Korea, Haiti, Cuba, Rwanda, and the Middle East, the importance of various countries to America's vital interests, and possible adversaries or threats to the United States in the near future. Issues like the presence of NATO troops in Western Europe, the military role of Japan and Germany, the economic unification of Western Europe, the Israeli-Palestinian dispute, the North American Free Trade Agreement (NAFTA), and the illegal drugs problem were also explored. In addition, the elites were asked several questions about their political party affiliation and the strength of that affiliation. Demographic data such as religious preference, marital status, employment status, household composition, education, age, Hispanic origin, race, sex, and income were only collected for the general population sample.
Curated
Simple Crosstabs
2012 Chicago Council Survey on American Public Opinion and Foreign Policy (ICPSR 36230)
Released/updated on: 2015-12-07
Geographic coverage: United States
Time period: 2012-01-01--2012-12-31
The Chicago Surveys are part of a long-running series of public opinion surveys conducted by The Chicago Council on Global Affairs every two years. This study is the 2012 Chicago Council Survey, designed to investigate the opinions and attitudes of the general public on matters related to foreign policy, and to define the parameters of public opinion within which decision-makers must operate.
The 2012 Chicago Council Survey focuses on respondents' opinions of the United States' leadership role in the world and the challenges the country faces domestically and internationally.
The survey covers the following international topics: relations with other countries, role in foreign affairs, possible threats to vital interests in the next ten years, foreign policy goals, benefits or drawbacks of globalization, situations that might justify the use of United States troops in other parts of the world, the number and location of United States military bases overseas, respondent feelings toward people of other countries, opinions on the influence of other countries in the world and how much influence those countries should have, United States participation in potential treaties, the United States' role in the United Nations and NATO, which side the United States should take in the Israeli-Palestinian conflict, what measures should be taken to deal with Iran's nuclear program, the military effort in Afghanistan, opinions on efforts to combat terrorism, and the rise of China as a global power.
Domestic issues include economic prospects for American children when they become adults, funding for government programs, the fairness of the current distribution of income in the United States, climate change, greenhouse gas emissions, and United States dependence on foreign energy sources.
Demographic and other background information include age, gender, race/ethnicity, marital status, left-right political self-placement, political affiliation, employment status, highest level of education, and religious preference. Also included are household size and composition, whether the respondent is head of household, household income, housing type, ownership status of living quarters, household Internet access, Metropolitan Statistical Area (MSA) status, and region and state of residence.
Curated
Simple Crosstabs
Afrobarometer Round 5: The Quality of Democracy and Governance in Côte d'Ivoire, 2013 (ICPSR 35542)
Released/updated on: 2015-10-23
Geographic coverage: Africa, Ivory Coast, Global, Sub-Saharan Africa
Time period: 2013-03-11--2013-03-26
The Afrobarometer is a comparative series of public attitude surveys that collects and disseminates data regarding Africans' views on democracy, governance, the economy, civil society, and related issues. This particular data collection was concerned with the attitudes and opinions of the citizens of Côte d'Ivoire, and includes a number of questions about reconciliation, international relations, and development, designed specifically for the Côte d'Ivoire survey. The data are collected from a nationally representative sample in face-to-face interviews in the language of the respondent's choice. Standard topics for the Afrobarometer include attitudes toward and evaluations of democracy, governance and economic conditions, political participation, national identity, and social capital. In addition, Round 5 surveys include special modules on taxation; gender issues; crime, conflict and insecurity; globalization; and social service delivery. The surveys also collect a large set of socio-demographic indicators such as age, gender, education level, poverty level, language and ethnicity, and religious affiliation, as well as political party affiliation. Afrobarometer Round 5 surveys were implemented in 35 countries.
Curated
Simple Crosstabs
Chicago Council Survey of American Public Opinion and U.S. Foreign Policy, 2014 (ICPSR 36216)
Released/updated on: 2015-08-06
Geographic coverage: United States
Time period: 2014-04-24--2014-05-29
The Chicago Surveys are part of a long-running series of public opinion surveys conducted by The Chicago Council on Global Affairs every two years. The surveys are designed to investigate the opinions and attitudes of the general public on matters related to foreign policy, and to define the parameters of public opinion within which decision-makers must operate. This public opinion study of the United States focused on respondents' opinions of the United States' leadership role in the world and the challenges the country faces domestically and internationally. Data were collected on a wide range of international topics, including: United States relations with other countries, role in foreign affairs, possible threats to vital interests in the next ten years, foreign policy goals, benefits or drawbacks of globalization, situations that might justify the use of United States troops in other parts of the world, the number and location of United States military bases overseas, respondent feelings toward people of other countries, opinions on the influence of other countries in the world and how much influence those countries should have, international trade, United States participation in potential treaties, the United States' role in the United Nations and the North Atlantic Treaty Organization, which side the United States should take in the Israeli-Palestinian conflict, and what measures should be taken to deal with Iran's nuclear program. Respondents were also asked their opinion on domestic issues including funding for various government programs, climate change, measures to address the United States' dependence on foreign energy sources, and their views of various groups' influence on United States policy. Demographic information collected include age, gender, race/ethnicity, marital status, left-right political self-placement, political affiliation, employment status, highest level of education, and religious preference, household income, state of residence, and living quarters ownership status.
Curated
Simple Crosstabs
Eurobarometer 76.1: Financial and Economic Crisis, Financial Services, Corruption, Development Aid, and Gender Equality, September 2011 (ICPSR 34552)
Released/updated on: 2013-10-11
Geographic coverage: Cyprus, Portugal, Global, Malta, Greece, Netherlands, Sweden, Austria, Latvia, Luxembourg, Ireland, Poland, Slovenia, Slovakia, France, Bulgaria, Lithuania, Romania, Hungary, Europe, United Kingdom, Spain, Czech Republic, Belgium, Finland, Denmark, Italy, Germany, Estonia
Time period: 2011-09-03--2011-09-18
The Eurobarometer series is a unique cross-national and cross-temporal survey program conducted on behalf of the European Commission. These surveys regularly monitor public opinion in the European Union (EU) member countries and consist of standard modules and special topic modules. The standard modules address attitudes towards European unification, institutions and policies, measurements for general socio-political orientations, as well as respondent and household demographics. The special topic modules address such topics as agriculture, education, natural environment and resources, public health, public safety and crime, and science and technology.
This round of Eurobarometer surveys covers the following special topics: (1) the economic and financial crisis, (2) European Parliament (EP) energy policy, (3) financial services, (4) corruption, (5) development aid, and (6) gender equality. Questions pertain to experiences and opinions of purchasing financial products and services abroad and within the EU, as well as awareness of, experiences with, and attitudes towards misconduct within the EU. Other questions address attitudes towards developing countries, opinions about equal opportunity for women, and the representation of women in leadership positions within the EU.
Demographic and other background information collected includes age, gender, nationality, marital status and parental relations, occupation, age when stopped full-time education, left-right political self-placement, household composition, ownership of a fixed or mobile telephone and other goods, difficulties in paying bills, level in society, and Internet use. In addition, country-specific data includes type and size of locality, region of residence, and language of interview (select countries).
Curated
Simple Crosstabs
Eurobarometer 73.5: Civil Justice, Development Aid, Africa and the European Union, and Food Risk, June 2010 (ICPSR 34084)
Released/updated on: 2013-02-22
Geographic coverage: Cyprus, Portugal, Global, Malta, Greece, Netherlands, Sweden, Austria, Latvia, Luxembourg, Ireland, Poland, Slovenia, Slovakia, France, Bulgaria, Lithuania, Romania, Hungary, Europe, United Kingdom, Spain, Czech Republic, Belgium, Finland, Denmark, Italy, Germany, Estonia
Time period: 2010-06-09--2010-06-30
The Eurobarometer series is a unique cross-national and cross-temporal survey program conducted on behalf of the European Commission. These surveys regularly monitor public opinion in the European Union (EU) member countries and consist of standard modules and special topic modules. The standard modules address attitudes towards European unification, institutions and policies, measurements for general socio-political orientations, as well as respondent and household demographics. The special topic modules address such topics as agriculture, education, natural environment and resources, public health, public safety and crime, and science and technology.
This round of Eurobarometer surveys includes the standard indicators on living conditions and expectations and covers the following special topics: (1) the European Social Fund (ESF), (2) civil justice, (3) development aid, (4) Africa and the EU, and (5) food risk. Questions pertain to living conditions and expectations, opinions on the ESF, the civil justice and commercial legal proceedings in the member states and the EU, and attitudes towards assisting developing countries. Other questions address Africa's problems, image, and relation to the EU, as well as opinions on food-related hazards.
Demographic and other background information includes age, gender, nationality, marital status, occupation, age when stopped full-time education, household composition, ownership of a fixed or mobile telephone and other durable goods, difficulties in paying bills, level in society, and Internet use. In addition, country-specific data includes type and size of locality, region of residence, and language of interview (select countries).
Curated
CBS News Survey, January #1, 2011 (ICPSR 33481)
Released/updated on: 2012-05-23
Geographic coverage: United States
Time period: 2011-01-01--2011-01-31
This poll, fielded January 5-9, 2011, is a part of a continuing series of monthly surveys that solicits public opinion on a range of political and social issues. Respondents were asked whether they approved of the way Barack Obama was handling his job as president, the economy, the war in Afghanistan, and the federal budget deficit, whether they felt things in this country were going in the right direction, and how they would rate the condition of the national economy. Opinions were gathered on health insurance requirements for all Americans, the Republican and Democratic parties, and Congress' accomplishments in the next two years. Information was collected on whether respondents thought that Obama and the Republicans in Congress would work together to get things done, whether Obama and the Republicans in Congress had a clear plan for creating jobs, whether they had a favorable opinion of John Boehner, and whether they thought Obama had the same priorities for the country as they did. Respondents were queried on whether they approved of the new health care reform and whether they thought it would help them personally, and whether they thought that Congress should try to repeal all of the health care law or certain parts. Respondents were asked how serious a problem they thought the federal budget deficit was for the country, whether reducing the deficit would help or hurt the national economy, whether they favored cutting government spending or increasing taxes as a way to reduce the deficit, whether the salaries and benefits for Wall Street employees, government employees, and members of Congress were too high, and their opinion of what percentage of the total federal budget is spent on welfare programs, foreign aid, Medicare and Medicaid, Social Security, defense and military spending, and earmarks. Additional topics included respondents' perception of their state's budget, whether they would be willing to cut funding for police, fire, and other public safety departments in order to help reduce state government spending, the Guantanamo Bay prison, how concerned they were about the possibility of future unemployment, whether they or their friends knew someone who was killed in the September 11, 2001 terrorist attack, and whether they consider themselves to be a supporter of the Tea Party movement. Demographic information includes sex, age, race, marital status, education level, household income, employment status, religious preference, type of residential area (e.g., urban or rural), political party affiliation, political philosophy, and voter registration status.
Curated
Global Views 2010: American Public Opinion and Foreign Policy (ICPSR 31022)
Released/updated on: 2011-12-06
Geographic coverage: United States
Time period: 2010-06-11--2010-06-22
This study is part of a quadrennial series designed to investigate the opinions and attitudes of the general public on matters related to foreign policy, and to define the parameters of public opinion within which decision-makers must operate. This public opinion study of the United States focused on respondents' opinions of the United States' leadership role in the world and the challenges the country faces domestically and internationally. The survey covered the following international topics: relations with other countries, role in foreign affairs, possible threats to vital interests in the next ten years, foreign policy goals, benefits or drawbacks of globalization, situations that might justify the use of United States troops in other parts of the world, the number and location of United States military bases overseas, respondent feelings toward people of other countries, opinions on the influence of other countries in the world and how much influence those countries should have, whether there should be a global regulating body to prevent economic instability, international trade, United States participation in potential treaties, the United States' role in the United Nations and NATO, respondent opinions on international institutions and regulating bodies such as the United Nations, World Trade Organization, and the World Health Organization, whether the United States will continue to be the world's leading power in the next 50 years, democracy in the Middle East and South Korea, the role of the United Nations Security Council, which side the United States should take in the Israeli-Palestinian conflict, what measures should be taken to deal with Iran's nuclear program, the military effort in Afghanistan, opinions on efforts to combat terrorism and the use of torture to extract information from prisoners, whether the respondent favors or opposes the government selling military equipment to other nations and using nuclear weapons in various circumstances, the economic development of China, and the conflict between North and South Korea. Domestic issues included economic prospects for American children when they become adults, funding for government programs, the fairness of the current distribution of income in the United States, the role of government, whether the government can be trusted to do what is right, climate change, greenhouse gas emissions, United States' dependence on foreign energy sources, drilling for oil and natural gas off the coast of the United States, and relations with Mexico including such issues as the ongoing drug war, as well as immigration and immigration reform. Demographic and other background information included age, gender, race/ethnicity, marital status, left-right political self-placement, political affiliation, employment status, highest level of education, and religious preference. Also included are household size and composition, whether the respondent is head of household, household income, housing type, ownership status of living quarters, household Internet access, Metropolitan Statistical Area (MSA) status, and region and state of residence.
Curated
CBS News/New York Times Monthly Poll, November 1989 (ICPSR 9495)
Released/updated on: 2011-01-06
Geographic coverage: United States
Time period: 1989-11-26--1989-11-28
This data collection is part of a continuing series of monthly surveys that evaluate the Bush presidency and solicit opinions on a variety of political and social issues. Topics covered include opinions of Mikhail Gorbachev, Lech Walesa, and Dan Quayle, United States relations with the Soviet Union and leader Mikhail Gorbachev, the status of the cold war, whether the United States was superior to the Soviet Union in military strength, the intent behind the upcoming summit meeting between Bush and Gorbachev, the possibility of nuclear war, proposed reductions in military spending, troop levels in Western Europe, and German reunification. Additionally, respondents were questioned regarding the drug problem, abortion, aid to Eastern Europe, American investment in Eastern Europe, trade relations with Eastern Europe, the Soviet Union's attitude toward changes in Eastern Europe, the probability of future Soviet control of Eastern Europe, and the future of communism in the Soviet Union, China, and Eastern Europe. Demographic information collected includes sex, age, race, education, family income, religion, ethnicity, political orientation, party preference, voting behavior, and Soviet/ Eastern European ancestry and travel.
Curated
Global Views 2008: American Public Opinion and Foreign Policy (ICPSR 26301)
Released/updated on: 2010-04-12
Geographic coverage: United States
Time period: 2008-01-01--2008-12-31
This study is part of a quadrennial series designed to investigate the opinions and attitudes of the general public on matters related to foreign policy, and to define the parameters of public opinion within which decision-makers must operate. This public opinion study of the United States focused on respondents' opinions of the United States leadership role in the world and the challenges the country faces internationally and is comprised of two parts, the July 2008 and the September 2008 surveys. In particular, the July 2008 survey covers United States foreign policy, globalization, trade and immigration, the rise of China, and the United States-Japan relationship. Regarding United States foreign policy, respondents were asked to give their views on whether the United States should take an active part in world affairs, threats to vital interests in the next ten years, foreign policy goals, treaties and agreements, the United Nations and the United Nations Security Council, conflict between Christians and Muslims, and combating terrorism. Additional questions included whether respondents favored the United States having military bases in other countries, their opinions about justifications for the use of United States troops abroad, the Iraq War, nuclear weapons and nuclear fuel, and participants' views on several countries and world organizations. Regarding globalization, trade, and immigration, respondents gave their opinions on whether globalization is good or bad for the United States, lowering trade barriers, the trade practices of various countries, the North American Free Trade Agreement (NAFTA), economic competitiveness of the United States economy, and the future of United States power and the next generation of Americans. In addition, on the topic of globalization and immigration, queries included the importance of Asia and Europe, the pace of globalization, fairness of income distribution, foreign investments in American companies, the level of legal immigration into the United States and whether or not immigration is good. Concerning the rise of China, respondents were asked to compare the size and potential of the United States and China economies and their implications, loans between the countries, how to deal with China's increase in power, and whether China or Japan is more important to the United States. On the subject of the United States-Japan relationship, participants gave their opinions regarding the amending of Japan's constitution to allow for a wider range of military activities, Japan's development of nuclear weapons, and what factors contribute to Japan's global influence. Part 2, the September 2008 survey, commissioned to gauge whether any substantial changes in attitudes occurred due to the financial crisis, repeated a subset of questions from the July 2008 survey and focused on respondents' attitudes toward trade and globalization. Demographic and other background information includes age, race, gender, marital status, religious affiliation, political party affiliation, employment status, education, household composition, type of housing, state of residence, and access to the Internet.
Curated
Asian State National Attributes, 1956-1968 (ICPSR 5018)
Released/updated on: 2009-11-06
Geographic coverage: Afghanistan, Cambodia, United States, Sri Lanka, Japan, Philippines, China (Peoples Republic), Malaysia, Burma, Thailand, Global, India, New Zealand, South Korea, Great Britain, Pakistan, Asia, Taiwan, Australia, France, Laos, Soviet Union, Indonesia, Vietnam (Socialist Republic)
Time period: 1956-01-01--1968-12-31
This data collection provides information on the national attributes of 17 Asian nations in the period 1956-1968. Data are provided for economic, political, and physical attributes of the various nations. Information is provided on the gross national product (GNP), cost of living index, index of agricultural production, military expenditures, population size, size and orientation of the Communist Party, size of the armed forces, political strikes, riots, anti-government demonstrations, organized armed attacks, armed attacks with external involvement, on-going insurgency supported by the Soviet Union, assassination of officials, political turmoil and strikes, riots, irregular power transfers, government censorship, economic aid from intergovernmental organizations, and United Nations vote on acceptance of Communist China.
Curated
Eurobarometer 62.2: Agricultural Policy, Development Aid, Social Capital, and Information and Communication Technology, November-December 2004 (ICPSR 4668)
Released/updated on: 2008-08-27
Geographic coverage: Cyprus, Portugal, Global, Malta, Greece, Netherlands, Sweden, Austria, Latvia, Luxembourg, Ireland, Poland, Slovenia, Slovakia, France, Bulgaria, Lithuania, Romania, Hungary, United Kingdom, Spain, Czech Republic, Belgium, Finland, Denmark, Italy, Germany, Estonia
Time period: 2004-11-22--2004-12-19
This round of Eurobarometer surveys queried respondents on the standard Eurobarometer measures as well as agricultural policy, development aid, social capital, and information and communication technology. To start the interview, standard trend questions were asked regarding support for membership of the European Union, trust in three specific institutions (the Parliament, the Commission, and the Council), support for the European Constitution, and the international political situation. Next, questions were asked regarding agriculture policy. Respondents gave their views on the role of the agriculture policy of the European Union (EU), whether the policy was playing its role well or badly, and whether the EU should subsidize agricultural products or grant more funds to the overall rural economy and to direct support for farmers. The third portion of the interview collected information on respondents' views on development aid. Questions were asked pertaining to the importance of helping people in impoverished countries, providing aid to those countries, how much of the nation's and the European Commission's budget should be spent on aid to other countries, whether the respondent had heard about the Millennium Development Goals, and which three actions would be the most important for their government to undertake in order to help developing countries achieve the Millennium Development Goals. Another major focus of the survey was social capital. A series of questions addressed satisfaction with life, the importance of different aspects of life, personal networks, political and social commitment, and discrimination experience. The last topic of the survey was information and communication technology at the workplace. Respondents were asked what technological devices were most prevalent in their daily lives (both professional and personal), to what extent they made use of computers and the Internet, whether they had received information and communication technology training, and whether they were able to telecommute (telework). Background information includes respondent's age, gender, nationality, origin of birth (personal and parental), marital status, left-to-right political self-placement, occupation, age when they stopped full-time education, household composition, and region of residence.
Curated
ABC News/NHK Japan Poll, November 1991 (ICPSR 9889)
Released/updated on: 2008-07-31
Geographic coverage: United States
Time period: 1992-11-05--1992-11-10
This survey gauged public opinion regarding Japan. Respondents were asked to identify the strongest economic power in the world from a list that included both Japan and the United States and to indicate their approval or disapproval of the way George Bush handled relations with Japan. They were also asked whether their impressions of Japan were favorable, how they would describe relations between the United States and Japan, and whether relations were getting better. The survey also solicited opinions on whether Japan was a reliable ally of the United States, whether Japan had gained respect as a result of the war in the Persian Gulf, and whether Japan had provided enough financial assistance for the Persian Gulf War. Concerning trade, respondents were asked whether Japan practiced fair trade with the United States and vice versa, how important rice as a trade issue was between Japan and the United States, and whether United States farmers should be able to export as much rice to Japan as they could sell there. Respondents were also asked if Japanese investment in the United States was a good thing for the United States, whether restrictions should be placed on Japanese investments in the United States, and whether Japan's current economic strength posed a threat to the United States. In addition, the survey posed questions pertaining to whether life was better in Japan or in the United States, whether Japanese or American workers worked harder, whether Japan or the United States was more to blame for the war between the two countries 50 years ago, whether the respondent looked unfavorably on Japan for having attacked Pearl Harbor, and if anti-Japanese feelings seemed to be on the rise in the United States. The survey also asked respondents to indicate their level of trust in various institutions of American society, including banks, the military, public schools, the courts, and the federal government, and to rate items such as the quality of available health care. Respondents were also asked to comment on whether they were satisfied with their current residence. Background information on respondents includes political alignment, education, age, race, employment status, income, and sex.
Curated
Public Opinion and Foreign Policy in the United States, China, India, Australia, and South Korea, 2006 (ICPSR 4650)
Released/updated on: 2008-07-18
Geographic coverage: South Korea, United States, China (Peoples Republic), Australia, Global, India
Time period: 2006-01-01--2006-12-31
The Chicago Council undertakes a large-scale public opinion study every two years that compares American and international public opinion on a wide range of important international issues. A significant part of each biennial survey is additionally dedicated to examining a timely theme. The theme of the 2006 survey was, "The Rise of China and India."
This data collection presents a unique comparison of international attitudes on how the emergence of China and India as economic dynamos and claimants to great power status will affect the global economy, international security, and politics. Moreover, this study sought to assess American public opinion (Part 1, Public Opinion Survey, United States) on a variety of challenges facing the United States today including international terrorism, nuclear proliferation, conflict in the Middle East, the rising economic and political power of Asia, economic competition from abroad, and threats to energy supplies and the environment. This data collection also provides an understanding of how the Chinese (Part 2, Public Opinion Survey, China) and Indian (Part 3, Public Opinion Survey, India) publics view their nations' international challenges and opportunities and their respective roles as emerging great powers. Parallel surveys were also conducted in Australia (Part 4, Public Opinion Survey, Australia) in conjunction with the Lowy Institute for International Policy, and in South Korea (Part 5, Public Opinion Survey, South Korea) in conjunction with the East Asia Institute.
Demographic variables include race, age, gender, religious affiliation, highest level of education, and political identification.
Curated
ABC News/Washington Post Poll, October 1985 (ICPSR 8592)
Released/updated on: 2008-04-04
Geographic coverage: United States
Time period: 1985-10-01--1985-10-31
In this survey respondents were asked for their opinions on Reagan's performance as president, Mikhail Gorbachev, arms control, and "Star Wars." In regard to the Palestinian hijacking of the Italian cruise ship Achille Lauro, respondents were asked if they approved of the handling of the situation by the United States, Egypt, and Italy, and if the United States should take military action against terrorism in the Middle East and/or withhold aid to countries refusing to turn over terrorists. Other topics covered include the respondent's personal financial situation, social security, the Prince and Princess of Wales, drug use and testing among professional and college athletes, the respondent's health and exercise habits, and Halloween trick-or-treating and vandalism. Demographic characteristics of respondents also were recorded.
Curated
ABC News/Washington Post Poll, March 1986 (ICPSR 8576)
Released/updated on: 2008-01-29
Geographic coverage: United States
Time period: 1986-03-20--1986-03-20
This survey includes questions on a variety of political and social issues with an emphasis on two major topics, religion and Nicaragua. Respondents were asked whether the United States should be involved in Nicaragua, whether the situation in Nicaragua is a threat to the security of the United States, and if they approve of the action of the House of Representatives in refusing Reagan's aid request for the contras. On religion, respondents were questioned about religious upbringing and education, current participation, and religion's influence on their personal values. Respondents were also asked to rate Reagan's performance as president and to assess whether or not the Soviet Union is a threat to the United States. Additional subjects include legalization of marijuana, the civil rights movement, medical care and insurance, voting history, day care, and experience with unemployment. Demographic characteristics were also recorded.
Curated
American Public Opinion and U.S. Foreign Policy: General Public, 1978 (ICPSR 7748)
Released/updated on: 2007-10-16
Geographic coverage: United States
Time period: 1978-01-01--1978-12-31
These data were gathered in personal interviews with a national sample of United States citizens by the Gallup Organization, Inc., to measure attitudes toward foreign affairs in November 1978. Respondents were asked to list the biggest problems facing the country, in general, as well as the biggest foreign policy problems. Other questions explored the relationship between domestic and foreign policy priorities, e.g., aid to education, defense spending, farm subsidies, economic and military aid to other nations, and domestic welfare/reliefprograms. Respondents gave their opinions of what constituted appropriate responses to the growing military power of the United Soviet Socialist Republic (USSR), and they rated the threat that communism presented in several other countries. Respondents were asked to respond favorably or unfavorably to several scenarios in which the use of United States armed forces in other parts of the world could be justified. Respondents were asked to rate the performance of Secretary of State Cyrus Vance and to use a "thermometer" scale to measure their feelings (warm or cold) toward several politicians and world leaders, as well as toward several countries that were important to the United States for political, economic, or security reasons. Opinions were sought about the type of role that various individuals and institutions (e.g., the president, the CIA, the military, the United Nations, and the Congress) should play in the creation of foreign policy. Respondents' political participation was also measured. Demographic information includes age, race, sex, income, sources of information in the media, religion, educational level, occupation, and political orientation. In a similar survey conducted from November 1978 to January 1979, many of the same questions were asked of Americans in senior positions with knowledge of and influence on foreign policy. The results of that survey are collected in AMERICAN PUBLIC OPINION AND U.S. FOREIGN POLICY: NATIONAL LEADERS, 1979 (ICPSR 7786).
Curated
American Public Opinion and U.S. Foreign Policy, 1990 (ICPSR 9564)
Released/updated on: 2007-08-02
Geographic coverage: United States
Time period: 1990-01-01--1990-12-31
This data collection is the 1990 version of a quadrennial study designed to investigate the opinions and attitudes of the general public and of a select group of opinion leaders (or elites) on matters relating to foreign policy. The primary objectives of this study were to define the parameters of public opinion within which decision makers must operate and to compare the attitudes of the general public with those of opinion leaders. For the purposes of this study, "opinion leaders" are defined as those who are in positions of leadership in government, academia, business and labor, the media, religious institutions, special interest groups, and private foreign policy organizations. Both general public and elite respondents were questioned regarding the biggest problems/foreign policy problems facing the United States today, spending levels for various federal government programs, the role of Congress in determining foreign policy, the impact of foreign policy on things such as prices and unemployment, economic aid to other nations, military aid/selling military equipment to other nations, the role of the United States in world affairs, the Bush administration's handling of various problems, government reactions to situations in Kuwait, Panama, and China, the importance of various countries to America's vital interests, possible threats/adversaries to the United States in coming years, and the use of United States military troops in other parts of the world. Other topics covered include the relative importance of several foreign policy goals, United States relations with the Soviet Union, Cuba, and Vietnam, NATO and keeping troops in western Europe, the military role of Japan and Germany, the economic unification of western Europe, the Israeli-Palestinian dispute, policy options to reduce dependence on foreign oil, the illegal drug problem, free trade, and the respondent's political party affiliation and the strength of that affiliation. In addition, general populace respondents were asked to indicate their level of political activity, how closely they followed news about several current issues and events, and to rate various foreign countries and American and foreign leaders on a feeling thermometer scale. Demographic characteristics such as religious preference, marital status, employment status, household composition, education, age, Hispanic origin, race, sex, and income also were gathered for these respondents.
Curated
American Public Opinion and U.S. Foreign Policy: National Leaders, 1979 (ICPSR 7786)
Released/updated on: 2007-08-02
Geographic coverage: United States
Time period: 1979-01-01--1979-12-31
These data were gathered in personal interviews with respondents who represented Americans in senior positions with knowledge of and influence upon international affairs and foreign policy by the Gallup Organization, Inc., between November 20, 1978, and January 12, 1979. These individuals were chosen from the areas of national politics, governmental offices, business, education, the media, national unions, and other organizations with national influence. Respondents were asked to list the biggest problems facing the country, in general, as well as the biggest foreign policy problems. Other questions explored the relationship between domestic and foreign policy priorities, e.g., aid to education, defense spending, farm subsidies, and domestic welfare/relief programs. Respondents' opinions were sought about the roles of various individuals and institutions in the creation of foreign policy, and the appropriate responses of the United States to actions by the former Soviet Union and other countries. They also guaged the threat of communism to the United States in several countries. Other questions covered foreign economic aid, military aid/selling military equipment to other nations, the role of the United States in world affairs, and the use of United States troops in other parts of the world. Respondents were asked to rate the performance of Secretary of State Cyrus Vance, and opinions were sought about the type of role that various individuals and institutions (e.g., the president, the CIA, the military, the United Nations, and the Congress) should play in the creation of foreign policy. Respondents' political participation and orientation was also measured. In a similar survey conducted in November 1978, many of the same questions were asked of a sample of the general public in the United States. The results of that survey are collected in AMERICAN PUBLIC OPINION AND U.S. FOREIGN POLICY: GENERAL PUBLIC, 1979 (ICPSR 7748).
Curated
ABC News Poll on Nicaragua, March 1986 (ICPSR 8577)
Released/updated on: 2007-05-07
Geographic coverage: United States
Time period: 1986-03-16--1986-03-16
This survey was conducted after President Reagan's speech of March 16, 1986. In his speech Reagan requested that Congress approve increased military aid to the Nicaraguan rebels (the contras). Respondents were asked if they had heard the speech, whether or not they approve of aid to the rebels, whether or not they approve of Reagan's handling of the situation in Nicaragua, and if they consider the situation in Nicaragua to be a threat to the security of the United States.
Curated
The Evangelical Voter in the United States, 1983 (ICPSR 8354)
Released/updated on: 2007-02-23
Geographic coverage: United States
Time period: 1983-07-15--1983-07-19
Self-identified Christian voters were interviewed in this survey. Interviewers probed for responses on a variety of political issues, as well as for religious opinions and behavior. Political issues included the nuclear freeze, the Equal Rights Amendment, abortion, prayer in schools, U.S. intervention and aid in Central America, and defense spending. Other data include voting behavior in the 1980 Presidential election, projected voting in the 1984 election, and opinions of various public figures and religious groups. The importance of religious views in the selection of political candidates was assessed by each individual, in addition to opinions and experiences concerning the involvement of religious leaders with politics. Information was also gathered on religious behavior such as church attendance and watching religious television programs. Data on sex, race, educational level, occupation, income, and political party registration are included.
Curated
Eurobarometer 50.1: Information Society Services, Food Quality, the Family, and Aid to Development, November-December 1998 (ICPSR 2831)
Released/updated on: 2007-01-10
Geographic coverage: Europe, United Kingdom, Portugal, Global, Spain, Greece, Netherlands, Sweden, Austria, Belgium, Luxembourg, Ireland, Finland, Denmark, Italy, France, Germany
Time period: 1998-11-01--1998-12-31
This round of Eurobarometer surveys queried respondents on standard Eurobarometer measures such as public awareness of and attitudes toward the European Union (EU), and also focused on information society services, food quality, the family, and aid to developing countries. Those surveyed were asked if they used "information society" items such as satellite dishes, video recorders, computers, fax machines, fax modems, portable telephones, the Internet, pagers, and cable television, either at home for leisure or at work, and if they planned on purchasing such items. In addition, respondents were given several examples of services accessible through communication networks such as the Internet and television and asked if they would be interested in using these services. Examples included taking part in political debates with a politician, getting a doctor's advice on a health problem, planning a complete trip, reading newspapers, conducting job searches, and managing bank accounts. Food quality questions in this survey asked respondents how often their households purchased food items such as cheese, cooked meat, fruit, vegetables, honey, meat or poultry, pre-cooked meals, and beer. They were asked which was most important to take into account when buying the aforementioned products: the brand label, the quality label, the look of the product, the type of outlet where it was purchased, date stamps, or the product's traditional character. Respondents also defined their ideal for a quality food product. Other questions on this topic probed for respondent opinions on various product labels such as "designation of origin," "protected designation of origin," and "protected geographical indication" labels. Respondents were asked if they had ever seen or heard of any of these labels, where they had seen them, and what the labels meant to them. The survey also addressed the topic of the family in detail. Respondents were asked to list factors that influenced the number of children that people might wish to have, and to comment on the main roles of family in society and whether they were in favor of or against marriage and why. Those queried were also asked what the government's top priority should be in order to improve family life. In addition, respondents were asked whether marriage or having children changed their lives at all, and which areas, such as child care, health care, education, and the environment, should be taken care of by the government, by private companies, or by associations. Another topic in the survey addressed aid to developing countries. Respondents answered questions on whether it was important to help the people in poor countries and which nation was in the best position to aid poor countries. They were asked if this aid should increase or decrease and whether development aid provided by the European Community contributed to solving problems such as drugs, overpopulation, immigration, environment and pollution, and trade development. Respondents in Italy were asked to rate Italy's economic efficiency, and to comment on Italy's commitment to the European Union, the reliability of Italy in business, and the main political and economic obstacles for Italy in taking a stronger role in the European Union. Demographic and other background information provided includes respondents' age, sex, nationality, marital status, and left-right political self-placement, as well as household income, number of people residing in the home, occupation, size of locality, and region of residence.
Curated
Global Views 2004: American Public Opinion and Foreign Policy (ICPSR 4137)
Released/updated on: 2006-03-30
Geographic coverage: United States
Time period: 2004-01-01--2004-12-31
This study is part of a quadrennial series designed to investigate the opinions and attitudes of the general public and a select group of opinion leaders on matters related to foreign policy, and to define the parameters of public opinion within which decision-makers must operate. Part 1 consists of data acquired from interviews of leaders with foreign policy power, specialization, and expertise. These include Congressional members or their senior staff, university administrators and academics who teach in the area of international relations, journalists and editorial staff who handle international news, administration officials and other senior staff in various agencies and offices dealing with foreign policy, religious leaders, senior business executives from FORTUNE 1,000 corporations, labor presidents of the largest labor unions, presidents of major private foreign policy organizations, and presidents of major special interest groups relevant to foreign policy. For Part 2, the Chicago Council on Foreign Relations (CCFR) conducted its opinion survey of the American general public through the Internet. In particular, this study covers the global United States position, international norms and the use of force, multilateralism and international institutions, international norms and economic relations, and policy attitudes and perceptions of United States leaders and the public. Regarding the global United States position, respondents were asked to give their opinions on threats to the vital interests that most Americans consider critical, the fundamental foreign policy goals that they want to pursue, how much they are willing to spend on foreign policy-related items, whether they favor the United States having military bases overseas in general and their support for stationing troops in various specified countries, their views on the Middle East, how active the United States should be in world affairs, their willingness to take action against terrorism, and their support for diplomatic and other nonmilitary actions to solve conflicts. On the topic of international norms and the use of force, respondents gave their opinions on adhering to traditional norms and empowering the United Nations, preventive action against a state seeking weapons of mass destruction, using force against a state supporting terrorists, the use of nuclear weapons, the use of torture, using force against a state conduction genocide, using force to restore a democratic government, and defending a country that has been attacked. Concerning multilateralism and international institutions, respondents were asked their level of support for collective decision-making through international institutions and for empowering the United Nations, their attitudes toward other major international organizations, their support for international agreements, their desire to seek consensus among nations, and their opinions on the idea of spreading democracy. On the subject of international norms and economic relations, respondents were asked about pursuing free trade with certain conditions, globalization and trade in principle, their support for the trading system and institutions, their concerns about inequities, and their opinions on mitigating the effects of trade, achieving equity in trade, trade as a strategic tool, responsibility for development aid, regional trade agreements, and migration. For the sake of comparison, Parts 1 and 2 include many of the same questions asked of both groups. Background information on respondents includes religion, age, income, education, gender, marital status, and employment status. Part 3 is a special telephone survey of the general public designed to be directly comparable to the telephone survey of 2002.
Curated
Foreign Affairs Perspectives of United States Business and Military Elites, 1973 (ICPSR 7491)
Released/updated on: 2006-01-18
Geographic coverage: United States, Global
This study explored perspectives and sources of opinions about United States foreign policy among American business and military elites. The data collection includes information obtained from surveys of military and business elites, as well as content analysis of articles on American intervention abroad published in business and military journals. Military officers (Part 1) and senior business executives (Part 2) were asked about causes of war, prospects for peace, the most serious domestic and international problems faced by the United States, and possible solutions to these problems. Respondents' views on military and economic aid, defense spending, maintaining troops overseas, and the presence of ground troops in Vietnam were also assessed. Of the survey variables, 62 are common to the military and business officials. A limited number of separate questions were also asked of each individual group. Part 3 contains variables coded from content analysis of articles published in military and business journals, focusing on the authors' attitudes toward various acts of political, diplomatic, or military intervention as well as economic sanctions. Also explored were the apparent reasons for such attitudes, whether economic, strategic, or ideological. The study sought to identify patterns of media responses that might account for the formation of, or changes in, opinions among business or military circles.
Curated
American Public Opinion and U.S. Foreign Policy, 1986 (ICPSR 8712)
Released/updated on: 2006-01-18
Geographic coverage: United States
Time period: 1986-01-01--1986-12-31
This data collection offers information on the opinions and attitudes of the general public and a select group of elites, or opinion leaders, on matters relating to foreign policy. The primary objectives of this study were to define the parameters of public opinion within which decision makers must operate and to compare the attitudes of the general public with those of opinion leaders. For the purposes of this study, "opinion leaders" are defined as those who are in positions of leadership in government, academia, business and labor, the media, religious institutions, special interest groups, and private foreign policy organizations. Variables in the general public cross-section file and the elite file include opinions on specific foreign policy problems, economic and military aid to other countries, the role of the United States in foreign affairs, use of United States troops in other parts of the world, a nuclear freeze, the proposed Strategic Defense Initiative ("Star Wars"), and terrorism. Demographic characteristics such as age, sex, race, income, marital status, and educational achievement are also supplied in the cross-section file, along with feeling thermometers which probe for the respondent's attitudes toward various foreign countries and toward well-known political figures. A follow-up survey of the general public was also undertaken to identify changes in attitudes that might have occurred in the aftermath of the Iran/Contra affair. This follow-up file contains a limited set of pertinent variables from the original general public cross-section study.
Curated
American Public Opinion and U.S. Foreign Policy, 1975 (ICPSR 5808)
Released/updated on: 2006-01-18
Geographic coverage: United States
Time period: 1974-01-01--1974-12-31
For this study surveys were conducted with a sample of Americans in leadership positions with the greatest influence upon and knowledge about foreign relations, and a public sample of Americans aged 18 and older in 1974. The surveys were commissioned by the Chicago Council on Foreign Relations for the purpose of answering certain questions relating to foreign policy. Questionnaires were developed and implemented by Louis Harris and Associates, Inc. Many questions asked in both surveys were identical in order to facilitate a comparison of the kind and frequency of responses. Data are provided on the attitudes and opinions of the public and the leaders on the extent and role of United States' involvement in world affairs and the amount of domestic support for this involvement, how and by whom the United States' foreign policy should be formed, and the relationship between domestic and foreign policies in the context of growing United States' interdependence with other countries. The Leadership Sample data file (Part 1) consists of a sample of 330 Americans in leadership positions drawn in roughly equal proportions from the following sub-populations: senators and representatives, officials of the Department of State, officials with international responsibilities from other government departments, the business community, communications, and education. Also, in somewhat smaller numbers, leaders were drawn from major labor unions and ethnic and religious organizations. The Public Sample data file (Part 2) consists of a stratified systematic national sample of 1,513 American respondents.
Curated
World Military Expenditure Time Series, 1961-1970 (ICPSR 5031)
Released/updated on: 2006-01-12
Geographic coverage: South America, Central America, Asia, Europe, Africa, North America, Global, Latin America
This study includes data for 8 variables--military expenditure, population, GNP, armed forces, military expenditure/GNP, foreign aid given and received, and public health expenditure--by year, 1961-1970 for some 120 nations.
Curated
CBS News/New York Times Polls, 1977-1978 (ICPSR 7818)
Released/updated on: 2006-01-12
Geographic coverage: United States
Time period: 1977-01-01--1978-12-31
This study is part of a continuing series of monthly surveys that solicit public opinion on the presidency and on a range of other political and social issues. With the exception of Part 8, June 1978 Poll -- California Sample, (for which there was no national sample), each data file in this collection represents a distinct nationwide survey that was conducted during 1977-1978. Approximately 1,000-1,500 randomly selected adults were surveyed by telephone in each poll. Respondents were asked to give their opinions of President Jimmy Carter and his handling of the presidency, foreign affairs, and the economy, as well as their views on a range of current social and economic issues such as crime, police behavior, discrimination, and working women. In addition, the July 1977 Energy Poll (Part 3) focused specifically on energy problems, exploring respondents' perceptions of the seriousness of energy shortages and who or what may have been responsible, their reactions to President Carter's proposals calling for conservation and sacrifice, and whether or not their own energy usage behavior was likely to change, particularly with regard to home heating and automobile use. The October 1977 Poll (Part 4) covered topics such as the Panama Canal treaty, the ongoing conflict in the Middle East, changing lifestyles, and the impact of the women's movement on family life. The February 1978 Poll (Part 6) dealt with the attitudes of Blacks and Whites on racial issues. Topics covered included police harassment, urban poverty, racial disturbances, segregation in neighborhoods and schools, and the portrayal of Black Americans on television. In addition to asking respondents about the efforts of Egypt and Israel to negotiate a peace agreement, the April 1978 Poll (Part 7) also covered current national issues such as inflation, unemployment, energy prices, and personal savings. California's Proposition 13 was the primary subject of the poll in Part 8, June 1978 Poll -- California Sample. Other topics included arms limitation talks between the United States and the Soviet Union, and United States' potential intervention in Africa. Background information on respondents includes voter participation history, political party affiliation, political orientation, age, sex, race, religion, education, employment, household income, and participation in labor unions.
Curated
American Public Opinion and U.S. Foreign Policy, 2002 (ICPSR 3673)
Released/updated on: 2005-12-15
Geographic coverage: United States
Time period: 2002-01-01--2002-12-31
This study is part of a quadrennial series designed to investigate the opinions and attitudes of the general public and a select group of opinion leaders on matters related to foreign policy, and to define the parameters of public opinion within which decision-makers must operate. Respondents were asked for their opinions regarding the level of funding for federal programs such as aid to education, defense spending, military aid to other countries, gathering intelligence about other countries, homeland security, and the amount of the federal budget that does or should go toward foreign aid, as well as European government funding for defense spending and economic aid to other countries. Respondents were also queried regarding their support for or opposition to economic aid and the types of economic aid the United States gives to countries such as Egypt, Israel, Russia, Afghanistan, Pakistan, India, and African countries. Questions covered United States troop involvement throughout the world, the need for long-term military bases overseas, and the role that Japan and the European Union play as world leaders. The topic of critical threats to the United States was also queried, including the threat from the military power of Russia, economic competition from Japan, Europe, and low-wage countries, the development of China as a world power, Islamic fundamentalism, countries with nuclear capabilities, terrorism and the use of chemical or biological weapons, and conflicts in other parts of the world. Those surveyed were also asked about events that they thought would justify sending United States troops to other parts of the world, including invading Iraq and overthrowing the government of Saddam Hussein. Additional questions on the topic of United States military involvement included combating international terrorism through the use of such measures as air strikes, using ground troops, and assassination of terrorist leaders. Questions sought respondent opinions on possible U.S. foreign policy goals including the protection of weaker nations and helping to improve their standard of living, promoting and defending human rights, combating world hunger, improving the global environment, strengthening the United Nations, reducing the trade deficit, protecting American business interests and promoting market economies abroad, and controlling and reducing illegal immigration and stopping the flow of illegal drugs into the United States. Opinions were also gathered on the United States' participation in treaties to reduce global warming, ban land mines, prohibit nuclear weapon tests, and establish an International Court to try individuals on war crimes. Additional topics were presented only to the general population sample. Respondents' level of interest in the actions of the government was assessed by asking about their level of political activism, whether they had ever written to a public official, and whether they knew who or which party held particular offices. Opinion on the United States military and its role was assessed through questions regarding the sale of military equipment to foreign countries, whether the United States should have military bases overseas, and whether United States troops should get involved in international conflicts. Respondents were also queried on the topics of globalization, trade, and the use of tariffs, as well as internationalism and the role of NATO and the European Union. Those surveyed were asked to rate their feelings toward countries such as Great Britain, Saudi Arabia, China, France, Afghanistan, South Korea, and Brazil among others. Respondents were also asked to similarly rate American and foreign leaders, such as former President Bill Clinton, Russian President Vladimir Putin, Secretary of State Colin Powell, Pope John Paul II, German Chancellor Gerhard Schroeder, United Nations Secretary General Kofi Annan, Chinese President Jiang Zemin, British Prime Minister Tony Blair, Iraqi President Saddam Hussein, Israeli Prime Minister Ariel Sharon, Palestinian Leader Yasir Arafat, and French President Jacques Chirac, as well as institutions such as the United Nations, the World Bank, the World Trade Organization, the European Union, and the World Court. Background information on general public respondents includes age, race, sex, political party, political orientation, political involvement, religion, marital status, spouse's employment status, age of children in household, amount of time spent at home, employment status, occupation, position in household, education, home ownership status, and household income. Background information on opinion leaders includes age, sex, education, political party, and political orientation.
Curated
CBS News Monthly Poll, August 2004 (ICPSR 4155)
Released/updated on: 2005-02-18
Geographic coverage: United States
Time period: 2004-08-01--2004-08-31
This poll is part of a continuing series of monthly surveys that solicit public opinion on the presidency and on a range of other political and social issues. Respondents were asked to give their opinions of the 2004 presidential campaign, including whom they likely would vote for and their level of support for that candidate. Questions were also posed regarding candidates' handling of or ability to handle current issues, such as foreign policy, the economy, and the situation in Iraq. Opinions of other national figures -- e.g., Rudolph Giuliani, John McCain, and Arnold Schwarzenegger -- were solicited as well. Additional survey questions queried respondents' perceptions of the state of the economy, the war on terrorism, stem cell research, and government-issued warnings of potential terrorist attacks. Background information includes voter registration status, political party leanings, sex, religious preference, education, age, ethnicity, and income.
Curated
Worldviews 2002: European Public Opinion on Foreign Policy (ICPSR 3730)
Released/updated on: 2005-01-19
Geographic coverage: Netherlands, Great Britain, Poland, Italy, France, Germany, Global
Time period: 2002-06-01--2002-07-31
This study is part of a larger Worldviews 2002 survey of United States and European foreign policy attitudes undertaken by The Chicago Council on Foreign Relations (CCFR) and the German Marshall Fund of the United States (GMF) (see WORLDVIEWS 2002: AMERICAN AND EUROPEAN PUBLIC OPINION ON FOREIGN POLICY [ICPSR 3821]). The survey included six countries: France, Germany, Great Britain, Italy, the Netherlands, Poland, and covered five topics: Europeans' focus on their respective countries' domestic issues, Europe's role on the world stage, European threat perception and the use of force, European views on American foreign policy, and Europe in a globalized world. Regarding focus on domestic issues, respondents were asked to give their opinions on the most important issue facing their country today and on various government programs. On the topic of Europe's role on the world stage, respondents were asked to rate their feelings on various countries as well as the European Union (EU), the influence of various countries, whether the EU or the United States was more important to their own country's vital interests, whether their own country should take an active part in world affairs, their desire for the EU to become a superpower, and what type of role their country should take in the global world. Concerning European threat perceptions and the use of force, respondents were asked about possible threats to their countries' vital interests, how willing they would be to support the use of force in various circumstances, how best to combat terrorism, and their willingness to support an attack on Iraq. On the subject of European views of American foreign policy, respondents were asked to rate the Bush administration's handling of foreign policy, evaluate the impact of the September 11th attacks on American foreign policy, rate their attitudes regarding United States spending on defense and economic assistance, and rate their desire for the United States to exert strong leadership in world affairs. On the subject of Europe in a globalized world, respondents rated their support for international institutions, the relevance of NATO, whether globalization was good or bad for their country, and whether they felt the United States practiced fair trade with Europe. Background information on respondents includes age, gender, liberal-conservative continuum, education, party preference, geographic region, and employment status.
Curated
Worldviews 2002: American and European Public Opinion on Foreign Policy (ICPSR 3821)
Released/updated on: 2004-11-24
Geographic coverage: Netherlands, Great Britain, United States, Poland, Italy, France, Germany, Global
Time period: 2002-06-01--2002-07-31
This study is designed to measure attitudes of the general public toward foreign policy issues. First conducted in 1974, the Chicago Council on Foreign Relation's quadrennial public opinion survey is the most comprehensive and widely cited source of information on United States public and leadership attitudes on international relations and foreign policy. This year, for the first time, the German Marshall Fund of the United States partnered with the Chicago Council to undertake a parallel study in six European countries: Great Britain, France, Germany, Italy, Poland, and the Netherlands. In particular, this study covered three topics: perceptions of citizens of the countries and the problems they face, the roles of the United States and the European Union (EU) in the world, and attitudes toward geopolitics and globalization. Regarding perceptions of citizens of the countries and the problems they face, respondents were asked to give their opinions on persisting friendliness of the countries toward each other, common perceptions of threats, support for multilateralism, readiness to use military force, resolve to combat terrorism, and support for NATO and its expansion. On the topic of the roles of the United States and the EU in the world, respondents were asked their feelings about United States leadership in the world, support for the EU playing a more prominent international role, whether the EU should become a superpower, and what role the EU should play militarily in the world. Concerning geopolitics and globalization, respondents were asked their opinions about Iraq, the Arab-Israeli conflict, Russia, the rise of China as a world power, the impact of globalization, and trade. Background information on respondents includes age, gender, position with respect to the liberal-conservative continuum, education, party preference, geographic region, and employment status.
Curated
Eurobarometer 44.1: Education and Training Throughout Life and the Common European Currency, November-December 1995 (ICPSR 6723)
Released/updated on: 2001-06-29
Geographic coverage: Europe, United Kingdom, Portugal, Global, Spain, Greece, Netherlands, Sweden, Austria, Belgium, Norway, Luxembourg, Ireland, Finland, Denmark, Italy, France, Germany
Time period: 1995-11-11--1995-12-19
This round of Eurobarometer surveys queried respondents on standard Eurobarometer measures, such as how satisfied they were with their life, whether they attempted to persuade others close to them to share their views on subjects they held strong opinions about, whether they discussed political matters, and what the goals of the European Union (EU) should be for the next ten years. Additional questions focused on the respondents' knowledge of and opinions on the EU, including how well-informed they felt about the EU, what sources of information about the EU they used, and whether their country had benefited from being an EU member. Other areas of investigation were education and training, the common European currency, Third World development, food product quality labels, the 1996 InterGovernmental Conference, and the European Parliament. Questions concerning education and training throughout life were asked only of respondents 15-24 years old and covered topics such as reasons for learning throughout life, the likelihood that continuing training throughout life would improve the respondent's work and personal life, participation in a training course in the last year, the main role of schools, and satisfaction with the way schools help develop children's personalities, broaden their abilities, and teach children to live in society and adapt to changes. Also covered were the most important qualities for a person to have and the importance of the parent, school, and working environment in developing those qualities. Parents' level of involvement in education was also explored, with questions on choosing children's schools, following their school work, talking to teachers, and helping children if they have difficulties. Respondents were also queried on the role businesses should play in schools and vocational training, the role of the EU in continuing education, and the influence of technology and new communication techniques on education and instruction. Questions on the common European currency included respondents' preference for or against having one currency in all EU member states, how well-informed respondents were about the common European currency, their knowledge of the conditions member countries must meet to join the European Economic and Monetary Union, and their opinions on when European currency would be introduced. Opinions were also elicited on the effects of the European currency on economic growth, jobs, shopping, currency exchange, cross-border travel, the costs of doing business between Monetary Union member states, the degree of turmoil and volatility in international currency markets, inflation, and the disparity between the rich and the poor. In addition, respondents were queried about Third World development, including what the important development problems were and whether decisions about those problems should be made by member countries of the EU acting together or by each country separately, information sources about Third World countries and the main topics covered by those sources, attitudes toward helping Third World countries, what the principal aim should be in relations with Third World countries, whether industrialized countries were currently helping Third World countries to become less poor, to lead the Third World to economic independence, or to enable them to solve their own problems, who provided the most help to Third World countries (the EU, international organizations, the United Nations, private companies, or non-governmental agencies), what conditions should be met before help is given, and whether the major part of the EU's assistance to the Third World was devoted to emergency humanitarian action or to longer-term development. Questions concerning quality labels for food products included how often the household bought various categories of food products, the three most important things people take into account when buying food products, awareness of and trust in quality labels on food products, awareness of and purchase frequency for food products with a "Designation of Origin" label and what the label means, willingness to pay more for food products of guaranteed origin, consumption frequency for food products made or produced in the traditional way, and confidence level if a food product were guaranteed by the EU as to origin and traditional method of production. Regarding the 1996 InterGovernmental Conference, respondents were queried on their awareness of the conference and which fundamental objectives the EU should set within the scope of that conference. Further questions probed respondents' opinions on the degree of influence that big and powerful member states in the EU had, whether trade unions, political parties, professional organizations, newspapers, radio stations, and TV stations represented respondents' views about Europe and the EU, how soon the countries of Central and Eastern Europe such as the Czech Republic, Hungary, Poland, and Slovakia should become members of the EU, and why they should become members. Other conference topics included the preferred effect of granting EU membership to Central and Eastern European countries on aid to farmers, how much weight should go to each vote in the EU Council of Ministers, which rights were most important for citizens of the EU, which aims should be given priority in the EU over the next ten years, the role of the EU in avoiding war between member states, what the level of cuts in Social Security benefits should be, Europe's competitiveness in world markets, how helpful all member states were in working together to fight unemployment and create jobs, the relative influence of the opinions of people like the respondent on the decisions made by their national government versus those made by the institutions of the EU, and the respondent's length of stay in other countries of the EU. Topics relating to the European Parliament (EP) included the extent that its decisions were in the interest of people like the respondent, the EP's importance in the life of the EU, and areas of policy the EP should pay particular attention to. Demographic items include age, gender, marital status, size of household, education, occupation, and household income.
Curated
Eurobarometer 46.0: Personal Health, Energy, Development Aid, and the Common European Currency, October-November 1996 (ICPSR 6939)
Released/updated on: 2000-12-04
Geographic coverage: Europe, United Kingdom, Portugal, Global, Spain, Greece, Netherlands, Sweden, Austria, Belgium, Luxembourg, Ireland, Finland, Denmark, Italy, France, Germany
Time period: 1996-10-12--1996-11-11
This round of Eurobarometer surveys queried respondents on standard Eurobarometer measures such as public awareness of and attitudes toward the European Union (EU), and also focused on personal health issues, the Common European Currency, energy questions, development aid, and the rights of EU citizens. Respondents were asked if they thought exposure to the sun was good or bad for their health, how best to protect themselves from the sun, what type of skin, eye, and hair color they had, and what information they had received about the "Europe Against Cancer" campaign. In regard to the Common European Currency, they provided their attitudes toward having one currency for all member states, and commented on how well-informed they were about this issue, if they knew about the conditions that member countries must meet in order to join the European Economic and Monetary Union, if their own country would be able to meet the requirements and what the consequences would be if it did not, when euro coins and notes might be introduced, how the introduction of the single currency should proceed, and how it would affect economic policies and transactions. Questions about energy use and consumption covered problems that could affect the environment, if respondents had made attempts to conserve energy use in recent years and how they might do so in the future, how effective public bodies were in saving energy, and whether energy investment decisions should be left to market forces or to public bodies. Views regarding the availability and cost of energy resources over the next ten years, the importance of nuclear energy, the role of taxes in energy consumption, and whether public or private transportation should be favored in traffic planning decisions were also elicited. A battery of questions about developing countries focused on whether respondents thought there was a need to help poorer countries to develop, whether their own governments provided development aid, whether the European Commission provided such aid and if so, how much, and whether such aid should be increased or decreased. Other questions probed for opinions on whether developing countries used aid money to purchase goods from the EU, whether the Community's aid should be made better known, and how profitable it was to invest in developing countries. Respondents were also asked if they thought Europe, the United States, or Japan was best placed to help poor people, where Europe's exports were sent, if development aid helped to solve certain social and economic problems, and if they felt they received accurate accounts about developing countries from newspapers and television news programs. A few questions also focused on perceptions of the rights of citizens of the EU and where information could be located about such rights. Citizens from Germany, Spain, France, Italy, and the United Kingdom were asked about their attitudes toward other EU countries, which countries should join the Monetary Union, how important the introduction of the single currency by January 1, 1999, was, and how likely it was that the deadline would be met. Demographic items included age, gender, marital status, household size, monthly income, education, size of community, region, and occupation.
Curated
American Public Opinion and U.S. Foreign Policy, 1998 (ICPSR 2747)
Released/updated on: 2000-03-15
Geographic coverage: United States
Time period: 1998-01-01--1998-12-31
This study is part of a quadrennial series designed to investigate the opinions and attitudes of the general public and a select group of opinion leaders on matters relating to foreign policy, and to define the parameters of public opinion within which decision-makers must operate. Through telephone surveys, general public respondents (Part 2) were interviewed October 15-November 10, 1998, and opinion leaders (Part 1) were interviewed November 2-December 21, 1998. Respondents were asked to assess their level of interest in the news and specifically in foreign policy. Respondents were also asked whether concern for foreign policy is important in a presidential candidate, and their views were sought on the foreign policy records of President Bill Clinton and former presidents George Bush, Ronald Reagan, Jimmy Carter, Gerald Ford, Richard Nixon, Lyndon Johnson, John F. Kennedy, Dwight Eisenhower, and Harry Truman. Those queried were asked for their opinions on economic aid to foreign nations, including Egypt, Poland, Russia, Israel, and African nations. In addition, respondents were asked to rate the Clinton administration on foreign policy, trade policy, immigration policy, United States relations with China, Japan, and Russia, international terrorism, the situation in the former Yugoslavia, the Arab-Israeli peace process, the situation in Iraq, nuclear proliferation, the situation in Northern Ireland, and the Asian financial crisis. Views were also sought on whether United States' vital interests were present in Egypt, Germany, Japan, Mexico, Israel, Canada, Brazil, Russia, Haiti, Bosnia, Indonesia, Kuwait, Great Britain, Saudi Arabia, China, France, the Baltic nations, South Korea, Poland, South Africa, Taiwan, Cuba, India, Turkey, Iran, and Afghanistan. A series of questions addressed potential threats to those vital interests. Additional topics covered the foreign policy goals of the United States, bloodshed in the 21st century, measures to combat international terrorism, the United States' commitment to the North Atlantic Treaty Organization (NATO), the United States' contributions to the International Monetary Fund (IMF), and United States involvement in United Nations peacekeeping operations. Respondents were asked to rate their feelings toward Great Britain, Saudi Arabia, China, France, Taiwan, South Korea, Cuba, Argentina, Pakistan, Nigeria, Turkey, Italy, Russia, North Korea, Germany, Iran, Japan, Mexico, Israel, Iraq, India, Canada, and Brazil. Respondents were also asked for their opinions of President Bill Clinton, Russian President Boris Yeltsin, Secretary of State Madeleine Albright, Pope John Paul II, former President George Bush, former President Jimmy Carter, German Chancellor Gerhard Schroeder, South African President Nelson Mandela, European Union President Jacques Santer, Cuban President Fidel Castro, Chinese President Jiang Zemin, British Prime Minister Tony Blair, Iraqi President Saddam Hussein, Israeli Prime Minister Benjamin Netanyahu, Palestinian Leader Yasser Arafat, French President Jacques Chirac, and Serbian President Slobodan Milosovic. Further queries focused on whether United States troops should be used if North Korea invaded South Korea, if Iraq invaded Saudi Arabia, if Arab forces invaded Israel, if Russia invaded Poland, if the Cuban people attempted to overthrow the Castro regime, if China invaded Taiwan, or if Serbian forces killed large numbers of ethnic Albanians. Respondents were asked whether they supported the use of economic sanctions against Cuba, Iraq, Iran, North Korea, and China. Additional topics covered the elimination of tariffs, globalization, the establishment of a Palestinian state, the United States' role as a world leader, United States federal government program spending, and whether the United States should pay the $1.6 billion owed to the United Nations. Opinion leaders were asked an additional question about the possible threat of the "euro" (the unified monetary system to be implemented in January 1999 by the European Union) to the United States dollar's supremacy as a reserve currency. Background information on general public respondents includes age, race, sex, political party, political orientation, religion, marital status, spouse's employment status, age of children in household, amount of time spent at home, employment status, occupation, position in household, education, home ownership status, and household income. Background information on opinion leaders includes age, sex, education, political party, and political orientation.
Curated
Euro-barometer 2: Problems Facing the European Community, October-November 1974 (ICPSR 6111)
Released/updated on: 1998-10-28
Geographic coverage: Netherlands, Great Britain, Belgium, Europe, Luxembourg, Ireland, Denmark, Italy, France, Germany, Global
Time period: 1974-10-01--1974-11-30
This round of Euro-Barometer surveys queried respondents on standard Euro- Barometer measures such as public awareness of and attitudes toward the Common Market and the European Community (EC), and also focused on problems facing the European Community. Respondents were asked to identify the most important and the second most important problems facing their country's government. In addition, they were asked to state how important or unimportant a list of problems were for the European Community: fighting rising prices, establishment of a common European currency, reduction of differences between developed and less developed regions of the Common Market, introduction of standardized educational qualifications, coordination of social policies regarding employment and job training, modernization of European agriculture, protecting consumers against fraud, and implementation of common policies for dealing with issues such as energy supplies, relations with the United States and the Soviet Union, developing scientific research, protecting nature and fighting pollution, and aid to underdeveloped countries. Other questions asked if these problems were best handled through the European Community or by each country individually. Respondents were also asked how well they thought newspapers, radio, and television covered European problems, if membership in the Common Market was a good or bad thing for their country, and which party they would be inclined to support if a general election were held the next day. The data include information on age, gender, nationality, age when finished full-time education, income, occupation (head of household), size of community, and region of residence.
Curated
Euro-barometer 36.0: Regional Identity and Perceptions of the Third World, Fall 1991 (ICPSR 9771)
Released/updated on: 1998-06-25
Geographic coverage: Europe, United Kingdom, Portugal, Global, Spain, Greece, Netherlands, Belgium, Luxembourg, Ireland, Denmark, Italy, France, Germany
Time period: 1991-10-15--1991-11-21
This round of Eurobarometer surveys investigated the level of public support for the European Community (EC) and assessed attitudes toward regional development and perceptions of the Third World. Respondents were asked how well-informed they felt about the EC, how supportive they were of efforts being made to unify Western Europe, whether their country had benefited from being an EC member, and their personal interest in EC matters. Respondents were also asked to judge which areas of policy should be decided by national governments and which by a central Community structure, and to express their reactions to the reform of the Common Agricultural Policy, their expectations for the Single European Market, and their attitudes about the role and importance of the European Parliament. A new series of questions examined respondents' views toward the recording and distribution of personal information by private and public organizations, the recording and use of certain types of information, and the transfer of personal information among organizations. Questions about smoking included whether the respondent had heard of the European Code Against Cancer, whether the respondent smoked, what tobacco products were used by smokers, how many cigarettes were smoked in a day by the respondent, and whether smokers had plans to cut down their tobacco consumption. Items on regional identification included respondents' conceptions of "their region," attachment to their town, village, region, or country, whether there were policies to develop less-favored regions in member countries, whether there should be policies to develop regions in member countries, and what the European Community's policy should be with respect to developing regions in the European Community. Queries about the Third World included perceptions of the extent of hunger and economic development in the Third World, the respondent's personal impression and experience with the Third World, the respondent's source and need for information about the Third World, whether aid should be given to Third World countries and the expected nature and benefit of that aid, what the aim of relations with Third World countries should be, and the expected future of the Third World. As in previous Eurobarometers, questions on political party preference asked respondents which party they felt the closest to, how they voted in their country's last general election, and how they would vote if a general election were held tomorrow. Additional information was gathered on family income, number of people residing in the home, size of locality, home ownership, region of residence, occupation of the head of household, and the respondent's age, sex, occupation, education, religion, religiosity, subjective social class standing, socio-professional status, and left-right political self-placement.
Curated
Center for Research on Social Reality [Spain] Survey, May 1994: Demands for Social Welfare (ICPSR 2034)
Released/updated on: 1997-12-19
Geographic coverage: Europe, Global, Spain
Time period: 1994-05-09--1994-05-14
This data collection is part of a series of nationwide surveys conducted from October 1990 to June 1996 in Spain. The questionnaires for each of these surveys consisted of three sections. The first section collected information on respondents' attitudes regarding personal, national, and international issues, and included questions on respondents' level of life satisfaction and frequency of visits with relatives, neighbors, and friends. The second section contained a topical module of questions that varied from survey to survey, with this survey's topic focusing on demands for social welfare. Among the topics investigated were the socioeconomic status of households, health insurance coverage, sources of assistance received to deal with disease, mental illness, drug and alcohol abuse, and money problems, and knowledge of and attitudes toward public and private institutions that provide welfare assistance. The survey also gauged opinions regarding social inequality and aid to Third World countries. Questions in the third section of the questionnaire elicited socioeconomic information, such as respondent's sex, age, marital status, size of household, occupation, education, religion, religiosity, place of birth, and income.
Curated
Euro-barometer 42.0: The First Year of the New European Union, November-December 1994 (ICPSR 6518)
Released/updated on: 1997-11-18
Geographic coverage: Europe, United Kingdom, Portugal, Global, Spain, Greece, Netherlands, Belgium, Luxembourg, Ireland, Denmark, Italy, France, Germany
Time period: 1994-11-28--1994-12-31
This round of Euro-Barometer surveys queried respondents on standard Euro-Barometer measures such as public awareness of and attitudes toward the Common Market and the European Union (EU), and also focused on the image of politics in Italy, nutrition and the risk of getting cancer, and awareness of the European Community Humanitarian Office (ECHO). EU matters covered included the powers, importance, and representativeness of the European Parliament, the protection of personal interests by the European Parliament, and the relative importance of European political policy areas in future elections. Respondents were also questioned on their awareness of outcomes in recent referenda for joining the EU. Questions on the image of politics in Italy included the respondent's awareness of politics in Italy and ratings of the political and economic situations in Italy. Regarding cancer risks, respondents rated 13 food items as increasing, decreasing, or causing no change in their risk of getting cancer. Respondents were also asked about their awareness of the ECHO logo, knowledge of ECHO's humanitarian assistance to the EU as a whole, to Rwanda, and to Yugoslavia, whether ECHO should increase its humanitarian assistance to non-EU countries, whether the EU, the United States, or Japan gives the most money for humanitarian assistance to non-EU countries, the most effective way for EU countries to give humanitarian assistance, and the level of involvement by the EU in distributing money for humanitarian aid. In France only, respondents were queried on their awareness and consumption of cola drinks. Demographic and other background information was gathered on the number of people residing in the home, region of residence, and occupation of the head of household, as well as the respondent's age, sex, marital status, education, occupation, religion, religiosity, subjective social class, and left-right political self-placement.
Curated
Euro-barometer 20: Aid to Developing Nations, October 1983 (ICPSR 8234)
Released/updated on: 1996-12-10
Geographic coverage: Greece, Netherlands, Great Britain, Belgium, Europe, Luxembourg, Ireland, Denmark, Italy, France, Germany, Global
Time period: 1983-10-01--1983-10-31
This round of Euro-Barometer surveys queried respondents on standard Euro-Barometer measures, such as how satisfied they were with their present life, whether they attempted to persuade others close to them to share their views on subjects they held strong opinions about, whether they discussed political matters, what their country's goals should be for the next ten years, and how they viewed the need for societal change. Additional questions focused on the respondents' knowledge of and opinions on the European Community (EC), including how well-informed they felt about the EC, what sources of information about the EC they used, whether their country had benefited from being an EC member, and the extent of their personal interest in EC matters. Questions regarding European institutions focused particularly on the role of the European Parliament and the upcoming elections to that body. The survey elicited information on whether respondents would vote in the elections, their knowledge of the state of the European Parliament, and their opinions of the amount of power Parliament should hold. Another major focus of the surveys was aid to developing nations. Attitudes and perceptions concerning the Third World were extensively probed. Respondents were asked about their overall familiarity with national and international organizations that provide aid to Third World and developing countries and whether they would be willing to support those organizations. Demographic data for each respondent includes sex, age, occupation, marital status, occupation, party respondent would support if election were held tomorrow, composition of household, family income, objective and subjective size of community, and province and region of interview. Several constructed indices also are included, e.g., an indicator of an individual's potential to take an active role in the political process. Euro-Barometer 20 contains data gathered from representative samples of respondents who were interviewed in each of the ten nations of the EC (Germany, Great Britain, Denmark, Italy, France, Belgium, Luxembourg, Ireland, the Netherlands, and Greece) in October 1983.
Curated
European Communities Studies, 1970-1992: Cumulative File (ICPSR 9361)
Released/updated on: 1995-02-10
Geographic coverage: United Kingdom, Portugal, Global, West Germany, Spain, Greece, Netherlands, Belgium, Luxembourg, Ireland, Denmark, Italy, France
Time period: 1970-01-01--1992-12-31
This data collection contains 36 attitudinal, 21 demographic, and 10 analysis variables selected from the European Communities Studies, 1970-1973, and Euro-Barometers 3-38. Question items chosen from the individual surveys for inclusion in the cumulative file have appeared in at least four different surveys. Most items, however, were included in nearly all of the studies carried out during the 22-year period from 1970 to 1992. Attitudinal variables selected from the individual studies include respondent's overall life satisfaction, amount of social change desired, left/right political orientation, support of the Common Market, strength of religious attachment, and the political party for which the respondent would vote. Other variables record respondents' opinions on topics such as the unification of Europe, elections to the European Parliament, nuclear power, income equality, terrorism, military defense, public ownership vs. private industry, and pollution. Three indices constructed by the principal investigators--cognitive mobilization, materialist/post-materialist values, and left/center/right vote--also are included. Demographic information supplied includes age, sex, marital status, household composition, occupation, religion, family income, age at which the respondent left school, town size, region, union membership of household members, size and supervision of the workplace, subjective social class, work sector, and housing source.
Curated
United States Congressional Survey, 1975 (ICPSR 7377)
Released/updated on: 1992-02-16
Geographic coverage: United States
Time period: 1975-01-01--1975-12-31
This study, conducted in January 1975, explored the views on foreign affairs of members of the United States House of Representatives. Three main areas were investigated: attitudes toward the United Nations, attitudes toward foreign aid, and attitudes toward detente with the Soviet Union. A total of 309 out of 435 House members offices responded, and in many cases questions were answered on behalf of the House members by their chief legislative assistants for foreign affairs.
Curated
Comparative Study of Intergovernmental Organizations, l970-1971 (ICPSR 7385)
Released/updated on: 1992-02-16
Geographic coverage: Global
Time period: 1970-01-01--1971-12-31
This study includes data on the identity, environmental attributes, and substantive concerns of 240 intergovernmental organizations active in 1970-1971. Variables provide information on the year these organizations were founded, their relations with other intergovernmental and non-governmental international organizations, the number of their state and non-state members, and the geographic region to which the members belonged. Data were also collected regarding the specific issues that the organizations dealt with.
Curated
National Population and Government Expenditures, 1972 (ICPSR 7413)
Released/updated on: 1992-02-16
Time period: 1972-01-01--1972-12-31
This dataset merges 1972 data on social and military expenditures in 132 nations selected from WORLD MILITARY AND SOCIAL EXPENDITURES, 1974 (see Data Source) with information on demographic attributes of the same nations in 1972 obtained from WORLD POPULATION, 1973 (ICPSR 5032), collected by the United States Bureau of the Census. Military expenditures as well as international peacekeeping, public education, public health, and foreign economic aid expenditures are presented as both raw and per capita measures. Other information includes number of teachers, school age population per teacher, illiteracy rates, number of qualified physicians, population per physician, infant mortality rates, and population per soldier.
Curated
Middle East Time Series Data, 1948-1969 (ICPSR 5014)
Released/updated on: 1992-02-16
Geographic coverage: Saudi Arabia, Middle East, Lebanon, Egypt, Israel, Iraq, United Arab Emirates, Kuwait, Jordan, Global, Syria
Time period: 1948-01-01--1969-12-31
This study contains mainly economic data and some select sociopolitical data for Middle East nations, Israel, Egypt, Iraq, Jordan, Kuwait, Lebanon, Saudi Arabia, Syria, and United Arab Emirates, in the period 1948-1969. Data are provided on economic aid, energy consumption for public use, oil production, national income, total exports and imports, development budget, defense spending, cost of arms race, cost of living index, consumer price index, and monetary exchange ratio. Additional variables provide sociopolitical information on population, the strength of democratic institutions in the nations, the number of illegitimate changes of government, the ruling party, the strength of traditional elites, military and bureaucracy elites, and religious and landed elites, political centralization, encounters between government forces and guerilla forces, attacks on civilians, attacks on bases and strategic installations, and political mobilizations.
Curated
Black Africa Handbook (ICPSR 5019)
Released/updated on: 1992-02-16
Geographic coverage: Benin, Burundi, Cameroon, Guinea, Sudan, Chad, Somalia, Sierra Leone, Ivory Coast, Global, Gabon, Malawi, Mali, Gambia, Nigeria, Lesotho, Togo, Niger, Africa, Tanzania, Rwanda, Zambia, Ghana, Kenya, Liberia, Burkina Faso, Mauritania, Senegal, Democratic Republic of Congo, Botswana, Uganda, Central African Republic, Ethiopia
This study contains data on the political, social, economic, religious, ecological, and demographic characteristics of 32 Black African nations in the late 1950s and 1960s. Data are provided on political regime characteristics, such as the existence and nature of political parties, elections, the nature of the judicial system, the extent of government influence, and the occurrence of riots, civil violence, terrorist activities, civil wars, irredentist movements, and coup d'etats. Economic variables provide information on government revenues, government expenditures, gross domestic capital formation, public investment as a percentage of the gross domestic product (GDP), gross national product (GNP), defense budgets, energy, investment, labor, number of wage earners as a percentage of active population, industrial production, electricity production, per capita energy consumption, educational expenditures, economic welfare, consumer price index, international economic aid, total international trade, imports and exports, agriculture, and membership in major African multilateral economic organizations. Also included is information on the military and security systems, Africanization of the army officer corps, international relations, membership in nongovernmental organizations (NGOs), communication and transportation, and social welfare. Other variables provide information on population estimates and characteristics, population density, settlement patterns, cultural pluralism, language, religion, primary and secondary school enrollment, family organization, patrilineal kin groups, class stratification, and the number of physicians per population.
Curated
Dimensionality of Nations Project: Nation Attribute Data, 1950-1965 (ICPSR 5020)
Released/updated on: 1992-02-16
Geographic coverage: Benin, Cambodia, Sudan, East Timor, Paraguay, Portugal, Syria, North Korea, Greece, Morocco, Iran, Mali, Panama, Guatemala, Iraq, Chile, Laos, Nepal, Argentina, Tanzania, Zambia, Ghana, India, Canada, Turkey, Belgium, Taiwan, Finland, Trinidad and Tobago, Central African Republic, Jamaica, Peru, Turkmenistan, Germany, Yemen, Vietnam (Socialist Republic), Easter Island, United States, Guinea, China (Peoples Republic), Chad, Somalia, Madagascar, Ivory Coast, Thailand, Libya, Costa Rica, Sweden, Poland, Jordan, Nigeria, Bulgaria, Tunisia, Uruguay, Sri Lanka, United Kingdom, Switzerland, Spain, Lebanon, Brunei, Liberia, Cuba, Venezuela, Czech Republic, Mauritania, Israel, Australia, Soviet Union, Tajikistan, Myanmar, Cameroon, Malaysia, Global, Gabon, South Korea, Austria, Yugoslavia, El Salvador, Brazil, Algeria, Ecuador, Colombia, Hungary, Japan, Albania, New Zealand, Senegal, Italy, Honduras, Ethiopia, Haiti, Afghanistan, Burundi, Egypt, Sierra Leone, Bolivia, Russia, Saudi Arabia, Netherlands, Pakistan, Ireland, Slovakia, France, Romania, Togo, Niger, Philippines, Rwanda, Uzbekistan, Nicaragua, Norway, Democratic Republic of Congo, Denmark, Dominican Republic, British Virgin Islands, Mexico, Uganda, Zimbabwe, Indonesia
Time period: 1950-01-01--1965-12-31
This study contains data on the political, economic, religious, ecological, and demographic characteristics of 113 nations in the years 1950, 1955, 1960, 1963, and 1965. Originally collected by the Dimensionality of Nations (DON) Project at the University of Hawaii, these data provide information on political regime characteristics, such as the number of political parties, electoral system, political leadership, the nature of the political system, horizontal power distribution, communist party membership, the legitimacy of present government, the legality of government change, freedom of opposition, major government crises, bureaucracy, and the occurrence of assassinations, riots, general strikes, protests, domestic violence, demonstrations, threats and accusations, and purges. Economic variables focus on gross national product (GNP), aid received from the United States and Russia, national income, government expenditures, government balance of payment, investments, imports and exports, energy production and consumption, agricultural production, and the economically active population. Demographic variables include age, education, literacy, religion, ethnicity, marital status, immigrants, and migrants. Other variables provide information on the nations' bloc memberships, United Nations' assessment of the nations, air distance of the nations from the United States, number of nongovernmental organizations, number of the nations' diplomats expelled or recalled, age of the nations, and the nations' geography.
Curated
Regional Interaction in Asia, 1956-1968 (ICPSR 5405)
Released/updated on: 1992-02-16
Geographic coverage: Afghanistan, Cambodia, United States, Sri Lanka, Japan, Philippines, China (Peoples Republic), Malaysia, Burma, Thailand, Global, India, New Zealand, South Korea, Great Britain, Pakistan, Asia, Taiwan, Australia, France, Laos, Soviet Union, Indonesia, Vietnam (Socialist Republic)
Time period: 1956-01-01--1968-12-31
This data collection provides information on the political, economic, and social dyadic interactions between 17 Asian states in the period 1956-1968. The variables are of two types, directional and nondirectional. The directional variables, such as imports, indicate the flow of goods or communication from one state to another. The nondirectional variables, such as shared inter-governmental organizational memberships and shared United Nations voting, indicate a mutual value between the states. Variables such as imports, diplomatic recognition, visits, and military aid also measure positive interaction or cooperative behavior between the states, and other variables such as demonstrations, expulsion of diplomats, territorial disputes, border closure, and violent conflicts measure conflictual interaction between them. The data for all the variables are aggregated annually for each of the years 1956 to 1968.
Curated
Students at the State University of Santiago, University of Concepcion, and University of Temuco: Chile, 1964 (ICPSR 7053)
Released/updated on: 1992-02-16
Geographic coverage: South America, Concepcion, Santiago, Chile, Temuco, Global
Time period: 1964-01-01--1964-12-31
This study, conducted in 1964 in the Chilean cities of Santiago, Concepcion, and Temuco, examined university students' attitudes toward national and international issues. Questions were asked about important problems that Chile had to face, major obstacles to more rapid development, collaboration with the United States to promote the economic development of Chile, the position of United States companies in Chile, and the influence of political, military, religious, and professional groups. The respondents' opinions of communism, capitalism, and socialism were also assessed through questions asking which system would be best for Chile and why. International affairs were also examined. The respondents were asked about the Cuban Revolution, the effectiveness of the Organization of American States, and their opinions of the Alliance for Progress, especially as it affected Chile. Exposure to the mass media, including foreign radio broadcasts, was explored as were the respondents' opinions of various foreign governments' publications. Demographic variables include age, gender, and father's level of education and occupation.