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Curated

Agrarian Typology of Provinces of European Russia at the Turn of the 20th Century (ICPSR 8380)

Released/updated on: 1992-02-16

Geographic coverage: Global, Soviet Union, Russia

This collection consists of data describing agricultural organization, production, and land management in 50 provinces of European Russia at the turn of the century. Data are derived from the first universal Russian census of population (1897), statistics on landowners (1905), and the Cavalry Censuses of 1896 and 1899-1900. The agricultural model is presented in terms of the number of agricultural workers per place of employment, land allotment per capita, ratio of land leased to peasants to investment property, per capita collection of crops and sown area, productivity of livestock, and cost of land and crops.

Curated

Chinese Household Income Project, 1988 (ICPSR 9836)

Released/updated on: 2010-07-06

Geographic coverage: China (Peoples Republic)

The purpose of this project was to measure and estimate the distribution of income in both rural and urban areas of the People's Republic of China. The principal investigators based their definition of income on cash payments and on a broad range of additional components: payments in kind valued at market prices, agricultural output produced for self-consumption valued at market prices, the value of ration coupons and other direct subsidies, and the imputed value of housing. The rural component of this collection consists of two data files, one in which the individual is the unit of analysis and a second in which the household is the unit of analysis. Individual rural respondents reported on their employment status, level of education, Communist Party membership, type of employer (e.g., public, private, or foreign), type of economic sector in which employed, occupation, whether they held a second job, retirement status, monthly pension, monthly wage, and other sources of income. Demographic variables include relationship to householder, gender, age, and student status. Rural households reported extensively on the character of the household and residence. Information was elicited on type of terrain surrounding the house, geographic position, type of house, and availability of electricity. Also reported were sources of household income (e.g., farming, industry, government, rents, and interest), taxes paid, value of farm, total amount and type of cultivated land, financial assets and debts, quantity and value of various crops (e.g., grains, cotton, flax, sugar, tobacco, fruits and vegetables, tea, seeds, nuts, lumber, livestock and poultry, eggs, fish and shrimp, wool, honey, and silkworm cocoons), amount of grain purchased or provided by a collective, use of chemical fertilizers, gasoline, and oil, quantity and value of agricultural machinery, and all household expenditures (e.g., food, fuel, medicine, education, transportation, and electricity). The urban component of this collection also consists of two data files, one in which the individual is the unit of analysis and a second in which the household is the unit of analysis. Individual urban respondents reported on their economic status within the household, Communist Party membership, sex, age, nature of employment, and relationship to the household head. Information was collected on all types and sources of income from each member of the household whether working, nonworking, or retired, all revenue received by owners of private or individual enterprises, and all in-kind payments (e.g., food and durable and non-durable goods). Urban households reported total income (including salaries, interest on savings and bonds, dividends, rent, leases, alimony, gifts, and boarding fees), all types and values of food rations received, and total debt. Information was also gathered on household accommodations and living conditions, including number of rooms, total living area in square meters, availability and cost of running water, sanitary facilities, heating and air-conditioning equipment, kitchen availability, location of residence, ownership of home, and availability of electricity and telephone. Households reported on all of their expenditures including amounts spent on food items such as wheat, rice, edible oils, pork, beef and mutton, poultry, fish and seafood, sugar, and vegetables by means of both coupons in state-owned stores and at free market prices. Information was also collected on rents paid by the households, fuel available, type of transportation used, and availability and use of medical and child care.

The Chinese Household Income Project collected data in 1988, 1995, 2002, and 2007. ICPSR holds data from the first three collections, and information about these can be found on the series description page. Data collected in 2007 are available through the China Institute for Income Distribution.

Curated

Eurobarometer 63.2: Radioactive Waste, Transport Services, Farm Animal's Welfare, and Means of Payment, February-March 2005 (ICPSR 4669)

Released/updated on: 2008-08-27

Geographic coverage: Cyprus, Portugal, Global, Malta, Greece, Netherlands, Sweden, Austria, Latvia, Luxembourg, Ireland, Poland, Slovenia, Slovakia, France, Lithuania, Hungary, Europe, United Kingdom, Spain, Czech Republic, Belgium, Finland, Denmark, Italy, Germany, Estonia

Time period: 2005-02-09--2005-03-20

This round of Eurobarometer surveys diverged from the standard Eurobarometer measures and queried respondents on their opinions regarding radioactive waste, transport services, farm animal welfare, and means of payment. To start the interview, questions were asked regarding knowledge and support of radioactive waste disposal, as well as questions regarding the options of and preferences for nuclear energy. Respondents gave their views on the risks of radioactive waste disposal, the possibility of recycling noncontaminated materials from the nuclear industry, and the political and health-related consequences of handling dangerous waste. Next, questions were asked regarding transport services within the European Union (EU). Respondents gave their views on the rights of passengers, whether they were satisfied with the current transport services in EU countries, and their satisfaction with international travel within the EU. The third portion of the interview collected information on respondents' views on the welfare of farm animals. Questions were asked pertaining to the purchase and consumption of food derived from farm animals, respondents' views on the rights of farm animals, as well as their views and preferences regarding the protection of farm animals. Respondents gave their views on the purchase of eggs, meat, and milk from animal welfare-friendly production systems, their willingness to accept additional price premiums to ensure such production systems are used, and their perception of animal welfare in the EU versus other parts of the world. The last topic of the survey was means of payment. A series of questions addressed financial services in the EU, expectations of financial institutions, preferred payment options, and banking security. Background information includes respondent's age, gender, nationality, origin of birth (personal and parental), marital status, left-to-right political self-placement, occupation, age when they stopped full-time education, household composition, region of residence, and telephone equipment.

Curated

Eurobarometer 64.4: Mental Well-Being, Telecommunications, Harmful Internet Content, and Farm Animal Welfare, December 2005-January 2006 (ICPSR 4667)

Released/updated on: 2010-04-26

Geographic coverage: Cyprus, Portugal, Global, Malta, Greece, Netherlands, Sweden, Austria, Latvia, Luxembourg, Ireland, Poland, Slovenia, Slovakia, France, Bulgaria, Lithuania, Croatia, Romania, Hungary, Europe, United Kingdom, Spain, Czech Republic, Turkey, Belgium, Finland, Denmark, Italy, Germany, Estonia

Time period: 2005-12-07--2006-01-11

This round of Eurobarometer surveys diverged from the standard Eurobarometer measures and queried respondents on their opinions regarding mental well-being, telecommunications, harmful Internet content, and farm animal welfare. The first topic covered physical and mental well-being. Respondents were asked (1) about the state of their mental well-being over the previous four weeks, and the degree to which health concerns limited daily moderate physical activities, (2) about the effects of physical health and emotional problems on regular activities, (3) whether they were treated for mental illnesses, how often they sought help for mental problems, and where they turned to get support, (4) how easy or difficult they found acquiring information about mental health problems, and (5) how Europeans perceived people with a mental illness. The second topic addressed the access and use of telecommunications. Respondents were queried as to whether they used a fixed telephone, mobile telephone, computer, the Internet, or television in the household, what operator and company they used to provide the services, whether they considered changing providers, and their main reasons for changing. The third topic focused on the respondents' knowledge of and opinions about harmful Internet content. Respondents answered questions concerning Internet use and safety for their children and procedures for reporting illegal and harmful content. The final topic, farm animal welfare, included questions on food purchases, food consumption, and respondents' knowledge of and opinions about the welfare of farm animals. Background information includes respondent's age, gender, nationality, origin of birth (personal and parental), marital status, left-to-right political self-placement, occupation, age when they stopped full-time education, household composition, and region of residence.

Curated

Eurobarometer 66.1: European Values and Societal Issues, Mobile Phone Use, and Farm Animal Welfare, September-October 2006 (ICPSR 21281)

Released/updated on: 2010-06-23

Time period: 2006-09-06--2006-10-10

This round of Eurobarometer surveys queried respondents on standard Eurobarometer measures, such as how satisfied they were with their present life, whether they attempted to persuade others close to them to share their views on subjects they held strong opinions about, whether they discussed political matters, what their expectations were for the next 12 months, and how they viewed the need for societal change. Additional questions focused on the respondents' knowledge of and opinions on the European Union (EU), including how well-informed they felt about the it, what sources of information about the EU they used, whether their country had benefited from being an EU member (or would benefit from being a future member), and the extent of their personal interest in EU matters. Respondents were also asked to provide their opinion on social issues, identify personal and European values, and evaluate whether these values are shared among EU member states. A second major focus for the surveys was on mobile phone use, including roaming. Respondents were asked to evaluate the cost of local mobile phone services versus those services used in other countries and the involvement of the EU in price regulation, to describe their mobile phone access billing plan, and to identify mobile services they used most frequently while abroad. For a third major area of focus, the survey asked respondents about their knowledge of animal welfare, their opinions about its practice and application during food production and importation, the availability and purchase of animal welfare-friendly food products, labeling and signage indicating the source of food products, and financial compensation of farmers who farm animals in animal friendly conditions. In addition, respondents were asked their opinion in regard to the role of the EU and the United States, and the position of the EU as compared to the United States, in regard to several social issues. Demographic and other background information includes respondent's age, gender, nationality, national provenance, marital status, left-to-right political self-placement, occupation, age when stopped full-time education, religion and religious involvement, as well as household composition, ownership of a fixed or mobile telephone and other durable goods, type and size of locality, region of residence, and language of interview (select countries).

Curated

Simple Crosstabs

Eurobarometer 77.2: Economic and Financial Crisis, Helplines for Social Services, Railway Competition, Food Production and Quality, and Cyber Security, March 2012 (ICPSR 34578)

Released/updated on: 2013-11-06

Geographic coverage: Cyprus, Portugal, Global, Malta, Greece, Netherlands, Sweden, Austria, Latvia, Luxembourg, Ireland, Poland, Slovenia, Slovakia, France, Bulgaria, Lithuania, Romania, Hungary, Europe, United Kingdom, Spain, Czech Republic, Belgium, Finland, Denmark, Italy, Germany, Estonia

Time period: 2012-03-10--2012-03-25

The Eurobarometer series is a unique cross-national and cross-temporal survey program conducted on behalf of the European Commission. These surveys regularly monitor public opinion in the European Union (EU) member countries and consist of standard modules and special topic modules. The standard modules address attitudes toward European unification, institutions and policies, measurements for general socio-political orientations, as well as respondent and household demographics. The special topic modules address such topics as agriculture, education, natural environment and resources, public health, public safety and crime, and science and technology.

This round of Eurobarometer surveys covers the following special topics: (1) helplines for social services, (2) railway competition, (3) food production and quality, and (4) cyber security. Questions in this survey address the respondent's usage, knowledge, and opinions of telephone hotlines and helplines for services of social value. Other questions pertain to the respondent's usage and opinions of the current railway system, as well as their opinions about the effects of additional competition in the rail market. Respondents were asked for their opinions concerning food supply, production, and quality. Additional questions focused on the respondent's usage of the Internet and their concerns regarding cybercrimes.

Demographic and other background information collected includes age, gender, nationality, marital status and parental relations, occupation, age when stopped full-time education, household composition, ownership of a fixed or mobile telephone and other goods, difficulties in paying bills, level in society, and Internet use. In addition, country-specific data includes type and size of locality, region of residence, and language of interview (select countries).

Curated

State Farms in European Russia, 1917: Districts and Provinces (ICPSR 8377)

Released/updated on: 2006-01-18

Geographic coverage: Global, Soviet Union, Russia

This data collection aggregates district- and province-level data from the All-Russian Agricultural and Land Census of 1917 to provide indicators of farm management, production, and consumption in revolutionary European Russia. Information is provided on two models of collective land management and agricultural organization that existed in European Russia between the revolutions of 1905 and 1917. The data allow for analysis of agricultural organization and resource allocation in both private and state enterprises. The study is available in two parts. Part 1, Province Level, contains data on 21 provinces only. Part 2, District Level, contains information on 332 districts and 37 provinces. Districts comprising the provinces in Part 1 are also contained in Part 2. Information is provided on the same 26 variables in both parts. The variables include the portion of privately-owned farms with unsown areas for crops, the portion of privately-owned farms without any livestock, the portion of privately-owned farms without working livestock, the portion of privately owned farms with land for rent, the number of hired workers on the farms with land for rent, the amount of arable land on one property (measured in desyatina, which is roughly equal to 2.7 acres), the amount of sown area on one property (in desyatina), the amount of ploughed field on one property, the quantity of hired labor on one property, the quantity of working livestock on one property, the quantity of productive livestock on one property, the number of ploughs per farm property, the number of farming-related working tools on one property, the number of hired workers per desyatin of sown land, the number of working livestock per desyatin of sown land, the number of productive livestock per desyatin of sown land, the number of ploughs per desyatin of sown land, the number of farming-related working tools per desyatin of sown land, the share of ploughs per privately-owned, arable landholdings, the portion of hayfields per privately-owned, arable landholdings, the portion of forested area per privately-owned, arable landholdings, the portion of sown area per privately-owned, arable landholdings, the portion of privately-owned crops in the entire sown area, the portion of privately-owned, arable land in the total area of arable land, the percentage of privately-owned sown area tilled at own expense, and the share of sown grassland in the entire sown area under private ownership.

Curated

Study of Consumer Purchases in the United States, 1935-1936 (ICPSR 8908)

Released/updated on: 2009-06-29

Geographic coverage: United States

Time period: 1935-01-01--1936-01-01

In 1935, the principal investigators interviewed a national sample of all families in the United States to ascertain for the first time in a single national survey the earning and spending habits of inhabitants of large and small cities, villages, and farms. Families completed questionnaires that reported in detail all household income sources and expenditures. Respondents were asked to list the amount of all income received by the family from each person employed as well as from other sources such as gifts, interest and dividends, pensions, and work in the home. Complete information was also provided on family composition, type of living quarters, housing accommodations, fuel and other utility expenses, medical care, recreational activities, tobacco use, purchase of reading materials, educational expenses, miscellaneous occupational expenses, gifts furnished, taxes paid, automobile expenses, personal care costs, and a detailed appraisal of all changes in family assets and liabilities over the course of the previous year. Families also reported the quantity of food items consumed, unit purchase price, and total expense of all food items consumed by the family in the seven days prior to the interview. In addition, families were queried on furnishings and equipment purchased for the home as well as on all items of clothing purchased for each family member in the previous year. Demographic characteristics recorded for each household member include relationship to the household head, age, sex, occupation, weeks spent at home or away from home, wage rate, length of time employed during the year, and total earnings.

Curated

Wheat Trade and Wheat Prices in France, 1486-1913 (ICPSR 9777)

Released/updated on: 2006-01-12

Geographic coverage: France, Global

Time period: 1486-01-01--1913-12-01

This collection presents a historical survey of the price and quantity of wheat produced in different localities in France. The purpose of the study was to examine price trends of a major food commodity within an important agricultural market in Western Europe and, in particular, to measure the correlation between wheat price fluctuations and demographic fluctuations in France. Prices and quantities of wheat were recorded, either fortnightly or monthly, by local officials in the major wheat-growing areas and subsequently relayed to higher levels of the French government. These tables of information were finally copied and maintained by the Ministry of Interior and the Ministry of Commerce and Agriculture and ultimately deposited in the French National Archives.

Curated

Worldviews 2002: American and European Public Opinion on Foreign Policy (ICPSR 3821)

Released/updated on: 2004-11-24

Geographic coverage: Netherlands, Great Britain, United States, Poland, Italy, France, Germany, Global

Time period: 2002-06-01--2002-07-01

This study is designed to measure attitudes of the general public toward foreign policy issues. First conducted in 1974, the Chicago Council on Foreign Relation's quadrennial public opinion survey is the most comprehensive and widely cited source of information on United States public and leadership attitudes on international relations and foreign policy. This year, for the first time, the German Marshall Fund of the United States partnered with the Chicago Council to undertake a parallel study in six European countries: Great Britain, France, Germany, Italy, Poland, and the Netherlands. In particular, this study covered three topics: perceptions of citizens of the countries and the problems they face, the roles of the United States and the European Union (EU) in the world, and attitudes toward geopolitics and globalization. Regarding perceptions of citizens of the countries and the problems they face, respondents were asked to give their opinions on persisting friendliness of the countries toward each other, common perceptions of threats, support for multilateralism, readiness to use military force, resolve to combat terrorism, and support for NATO and its expansion. On the topic of the roles of the United States and the EU in the world, respondents were asked their feelings about United States leadership in the world, support for the EU playing a more prominent international role, whether the EU should become a superpower, and what role the EU should play militarily in the world. Concerning geopolitics and globalization, respondents were asked their opinions about Iraq, the Arab-Israeli conflict, Russia, the rise of China as a world power, the impact of globalization, and trade. Background information on respondents includes age, gender, position with respect to the liberal-conservative continuum, education, party preference, geographic region, and employment status.

Curated

Worldviews 2002: European Public Opinion on Foreign Policy (ICPSR 3730)

Released/updated on: 2005-01-19

Geographic coverage: Netherlands, Great Britain, Poland, Italy, France, Germany, Global

Time period: 2002-06-01--2002-07-01

This study is part of a larger Worldviews 2002 survey of United States and European foreign policy attitudes undertaken by The Chicago Council on Foreign Relations (CCFR) and the German Marshall Fund of the United States (GMF) (see WORLDVIEWS 2002: AMERICAN AND EUROPEAN PUBLIC OPINION ON FOREIGN POLICY [ICPSR 3821]). The survey included six countries: France, Germany, Great Britain, Italy, the Netherlands, Poland, and covered five topics: Europeans' focus on their respective countries' domestic issues, Europe's role on the world stage, European threat perception and the use of force, European views on American foreign policy, and Europe in a globalized world. Regarding focus on domestic issues, respondents were asked to give their opinions on the most important issue facing their country today and on various government programs. On the topic of Europe's role on the world stage, respondents were asked to rate their feelings on various countries as well as the European Union (EU), the influence of various countries, whether the EU or the United States was more important to their own country's vital interests, whether their own country should take an active part in world affairs, their desire for the EU to become a superpower, and what type of role their country should take in the global world. Concerning European threat perceptions and the use of force, respondents were asked about possible threats to their countries' vital interests, how willing they would be to support the use of force in various circumstances, how best to combat terrorism, and their willingness to support an attack on Iraq. On the subject of European views of American foreign policy, respondents were asked to rate the Bush administration's handling of foreign policy, evaluate the impact of the September 11th attacks on American foreign policy, rate their attitudes regarding United States spending on defense and economic assistance, and rate their desire for the United States to exert strong leadership in world affairs. On the subject of Europe in a globalized world, respondents rated their support for international institutions, the relevance of NATO, whether globalization was good or bad for their country, and whether they felt the United States practiced fair trade with Europe. Background information on respondents includes age, gender, liberal-conservative continuum, education, party preference, geographic region, and employment status.