Showing 1 – 30 of 30 results.
Self-published
Devaluation, Exports, and Recovery from the Great Depression (ICPSR 301321)
Released/updated on: 2026-04-21
Geographic coverage: United Kingdom
Time period: 1930-01-01--1931-12-31
Data and code for "Devaluation, Exports, and Recovery from the Great Depression," JEH 2026.
This paper evaluates how a major policy shift—the suspension of the gold standard in September 1931—affected employment outcomes in interwar Britain. We use a new high-frequency industry-level dataset and difference-in-differences techniques to isolate the impact of devaluation on exporters. At the micro level, the break from gold reduced the unemployment rate by 2.7 percentage points for export-intensive industries relative to non-export industries. At the aggregate level, this effect stimulated the labor market, the fiscal outlook, and economic growth. Devaluation was therefore an important initial spark of recovery from the depths of the Great Depression.
Self-published
An Analytical Framework for Causal Decision-Making in International Trade (ICPSR 236041)
Released/updated on: 2025-10-21
Geographic coverage: Colombia
Time period: 2023-01-01--2023-12-31
Data for the paper "An Analytical Framework for Causal Decision-Making in International Trade"
Abstract:
In international trade, selecting an Incoterm is a critical decision that directly impacts a firm's costs and risks. Previous quantitative studies have relied on traditional econometric models with restrictive assumptions, limiting their ability to provide causal insights for decision-making. This paper addresses this gap by developing and applying a causal inference framework to empirically evaluate the key determinants of this choice for Colombian exporting firms. Our methodology integrates directed acyclic graphs to model causal assumptions, uses nested cross-validated random forests to capture nonlinear relationships, and employs the G-computation formula to estimate robust causal effects. Our results indicate that the selection of Incoterms is primarily driven by transactional characteristics, specifically cargo type, shipment weight, and value. For example, the transition from bulk to containerized cargo is associated with a 13.4 percentage-point increase in the probability of opting for an E/F group term (e.g., FOB or FCA).. We also identify nonlinear effects for shipment weight and value, where E/F terms become ignificantly more probable only after a shipment surpasses a certain size threshold a pattern missed by prior linear models. Relational factors are also influential; sharing a common language with a trade partners has a significant causal effect, increasing the probability of using E/F terms by 6.5 percentage points. This research provides a data-driven framework for strategic Incoterm selection, enabling managers to align their choices with specific shipment characteristics and offering practical recommendations for logistics providers and policymakers.
Self-published
Indian pharmaceutical firms 1994-2019 (ICPSR 206102)
Released/updated on: 2024-06-20
Geographic coverage: India
Time period: 1994-01-01--2019-12-31
Indian chemical and pharmaceutical firm level data is extracted from CMIE PROWESS database to analyse anti-dumping behaviour of these firms.
External data
Service Annual Survey (SAS), United States (ICPSR 38475)
Released/updated on: 2022-05-23
The Service Annual Survey (SAS) has been conducted by the Census Bureau annually since 1982 on service businesses with paid employees. The survey produces the most comprehensive data available on service activity in the United States. Administrative records data or imputed values supplement the survey to account for nonresponse, nonemployers and certain other businesses.
The SAS tables provide statistics on revenue, payroll, sources of revenue, expenses, exports, inventory, revenue from electronic sources and other selected industry-specific data for service industries.
For more information, including confidentiality protection, sampling error, nonsampling error and definitions, and supporting materials including data visualizations, visit the Census Bureau's Service Annual Survey website.
Curated
Partially restricted
Simple Crosstabs
China Multi-Generational Panel Dataset, Liaoning (CMGPD-LN), 1749-1909 (ICPSR 27063)
Released/updated on: 2016-09-06
Geographic coverage: Asia, China (Peoples Republic)
Time period: 1749-01-01--1909-12-31
The China Multi-Generational Panel Dataset - Liaoning (CMGPD-LN) is drawn from the population registers compiled by the Imperial Household Agency (neiwufu) in Shengjing, currently the northeast Chinese province of Liaoning, between 1749 and 1909. It provides 1.5 million triennial observations of more than 260,000 residents from 698 communities. The population mainly consists of immigrants from North China who settled in rural Liaoning during the early eighteenth century, and their descendants. The data provide socioeconomic, demographic, and other characteristics for individuals, households, and communities, and record demographic outcomes such as marriage, fertility, and mortality. The data also record specific disabilities for a subset of adult males. Additionally, the collection includes monthly and annual grain price data, custom records for the city of Yingkou, as well as information regarding natural disasters, such as floods, droughts, and earthquakes. This dataset is unique among publicly available population databases because of its time span, volume, detail, and completeness of recording, and because it provides longitudinal data not just on individuals, but on their households, descent groups, and communities.
Curated
Simple Crosstabs
Direction of Trade (ICPSR 7628)
Released/updated on: 2014-10-23
Geographic coverage: South America, Papua New Guinea, Cambodia, Paraguay, Kazakhstan, Syria, Solomon Islands, Bahamas, Gibralter, Montserrat, Mali, Marshall Islands, Panama, Guadeloupe, Laos, Argentina, Falkland Islands, Africa, Seychelles, Zambia, Belize, Bahrain, Guinea-Bissau, Namibia, Finland, Comoros, Faroe Islands, Netherlands Antilles, Yemen, Eritrea, China (Peoples Republic), Madagascar, Aruba, Ivory Coast, Libya, Western Samoa, Sweden, Malawi, Poland, Jordan, Bulgaria, Tunisia, United Arab Emirates, Tuvalu, Kenya, French Polynesia, Lebanon, Djibouti, Brunei, Azerbaijan, Cuba, Czech Republic, Mauritania, Saint Lucia, Israel, San Marino, Australia, Soviet Union, Tajikistan, Myanmar, Cameroon, Cyprus, Bermuda Islands, Malaysia, North America, Iceland, Global, Oman, Armenia, Gabon, Yugoslavia, Luxembourg, Brazil, Algeria, Slovenia, Antigua and Barbuda, Ecuador, Colombia, Moldova, Vanuatu, Italy, Honduras, Micronesia (Federated States), Nauru, Haiti, Afghanistan, Burundi, Singapore, French Guiana, American Samoa, Russia, Netherlands, Martinique, Kyrgyzstan, Reunion, Bhutan, Romania, Togo, Philippines, Uzbekistan, Asia, Democratic Republic of Congo, British Virgin Islands, Zimbabwe, Pacific Ocean, Indonesia, Dominica, Benin, Angola, Sudan, East Timor, Portugal, New Caledonia, North Korea, Grenada, Greece, Cayman Islands, Mongolia, Latvia, Morocco, Iran, Bosnia-Hercegovina, Guatemala, Guyana, Iraq, Chile, Nepal, Georgia (Republic), Ukraine, Tanzania, Ghana, Anguilla, India, Canada, Maldives, Turkey, Belgium, South Africa, Trinidad and Tobago, Central African Republic, Jamaica, Peru, Turkmenistan, Germany, Vietnam (Socialist Republic), Fiji, Hong Kong, United States, Guinea, Chad, Somalia, Sao Tome and Principe, Thailand, Equatorial Guinea, Kiribati, Costa Rica, Pitcairn Island, Kuwait, Nigeria, Croatia, Uruguay, Sri Lanka, Cook Islands, United Kingdom, Switzerland, Spain, Palestine, Liberia, Venezuela, Burkina Faso, Swaziland, Palau, Estonia, Gaza Strip, Wallis and Futuna, South Korea, Austria, Mozambique, El Salvador, Guam, Lesotho, Tonga, Hungary, Japan, Europe, Belarus, Mauritius, Albania, New Zealand, Senegal, Macedonia, Ethiopia, Egypt, Sierra Leone, Bolivia, Malta, Wake Island, Saudi Arabia, Cape Verde, Pakistan, Gambia, Ireland, Qatar, Slovakia, France, Lithuania, Saint Kitts-Nevis, Niger, Rwanda, Bangladesh, Nicaragua, Barbados, Norway, Botswana, Saint Vincent and the Grenadines, Macao, Denmark, Dominican Republic, Mexico, Uganda, Suriname, Saint Helena, Greenland
Time period: 1948-01-01--1998-12-31
These time series data supply detailed information on imports and exports for various countries and geographical areas of the world. Countries are grouped into three main categories: (1) Industrial Countries, (2) Developing Countries, and (3) USSR, Eastern Europe, etc. Along with data from reporting countries, estimates are provided by partner countries for nonreporting countries or for those that are slow to report. A subset of these data (Part 4), containing annual data from 1948 to 1978, is available as well.
Curated
Major Power Interactions with Less Developed Countries, 1959-1965 (ICPSR 5005)
Released/updated on: 2010-03-17
Geographic coverage: Benin, Cameroon, Angola, Cyprus, Cambodia, Sudan, Malaysia, Paraguay, Global, Syria, Gabon, Mozambique, El Salvador, Morocco, Iran, Mali, Panama, Brazil, Guatemala, Guyana, Algeria, Iraq, Chile, Laos, Nepal, Ecuador, Colombia, Argentina, Europe, Ukraine, Tanzania, Zambia, Ghana, India, Guinea-Bissau, Turkey, Senegal, South Africa, Honduras, Central African Republic, Peru, Ethiopia, Yemen, Vietnam (Socialist Republic), Haiti, Afghanistan, Burundi, United States, Guinea, Egypt, China (Peoples Republic), Chad, Somalia, Sierra Leone, Madagascar, Ivory Coast, Thailand, Bolivia, Libya, Costa Rica, Saudi Arabia, Pakistan, Malawi, Gambia, Jordan, Nigeria, Tunisia, Togo, Uruguay, Sri Lanka, Niger, Philippines, Rwanda, United Arab Emirates, Burma, Kenya, Lebanon, Liberia, Cuba, Venezuela, Nicaragua, Burkina Faso, Mauritania, Democratic Republic of Congo, Dominican Republic, Mexico, Uganda, Zimbabwe, Israel, Soviet Union, Indonesia
Time period: 1959-01-01--1965-12-31
This data collection contains information about selected interactions between major powers, such as the United States, the former Soviet Union, the People's Republic of China, and Eastern European countries, and less developed countries for the years 1959, 1961, 1963, and 1965. The variables measuring the interactions include indicators of economic, political, and educational influence of the major powers on the less developed countries, such as the proportions of exports to and imports from the major powers, economic aid received from the major powers, the number of students from the less developed countries enrolled in educational institutions of the more developed countries, diplomatic recognition extended to the major powers by the less developed countries, news services of the major powers in the less developed countries, and the relative geographic distance between each of the less developed countries and the more developed countries. Also included are variables describing characteristics of the less developed countries, such as population and description of the Communist Party in each country. Additional variables provide information on the date of admission of each country to the United Nations, the degree of freedom of the press, and Communist Party membership.
Curated
Correlates of War Project: International Trade Data, 1870-2006 (ICPSR 24385)
Released/updated on: 2010-03-08
Geographic coverage: Benin, Papua New Guinea, Angola, Cambodia, Sudan, East Timor, Paraguay, Kazakhstan, Portugal, Syria, Solomon Islands, North Korea, Bahamas, Grenada, Greece, Mongolia, Latvia, Morocco, Iran, Mali, Marshall Islands, Bosnia-Hercegovina, Panama, Guatemala, Guyana, Iraq, Chile, Laos, Nepal, Argentina, Ukraine, Tanzania, Seychelles, Zambia, Ghana, Belize, Bahrain, India, Canada, Guinea-Bissau, Maldives, Turkey, Belgium, Namibia, Taiwan, Finland, Comoros, South Africa, Trinidad and Tobago, Georgia, Central African Republic, Jamaica, Peru, Turkmenistan, Germany, Yemen, Vietnam (Socialist Republic), Eritrea, Fiji, United States, Guinea, China (Peoples Republic), Chad, Somalia, Sao Tome and Principe, Madagascar, Ivory Coast, Thailand, Libya, Equatorial Guinea, Western Samoa, Kiribati, Costa Rica, Sweden, Malawi, Andorra, Liechtenstein, Poland, Kuwait, Jordan, Nigeria, Bulgaria, Tunisia, Croatia, Uruguay, Sri Lanka, United Kingdom, United Arab Emirates, Tuvalu, Kenya, Switzerland, Spain, Lebanon, Djibouti, Brunei, Liberia, Azerbaijan, Cuba, Venezuela, Czech Republic, Burkina Faso, Mauritania, Saint Lucia, Swaziland, Palau, Israel, San Marino, Australia, Tajikistan, Estonia, Myanmar, Cameroon, Cyprus, Malaysia, Iceland, Global, Oman, Armenia, Gabon, South Korea, Austria, Yugoslavia, Mozambique, El Salvador, Monaco, Luxembourg, Brazil, Algeria, Slovenia, Lesotho, Tonga, Antigua and Barbuda, Ecuador, Colombia, Hungary, Japan, Moldova, Belarus, Mauritius, Albania, New Zealand, Vanuatu, Senegal, Italy, Honduras, Macedonia, Micronesia (Federated States), Nauru, Ethiopia, Haiti, Afghanistan, Burundi, Singapore, Egypt, Sierra Leone, Bolivia, Russia, Malta, Saudi Arabia, Cape Verde, Netherlands, Pakistan, Gambia, Ireland, Qatar, Slovakia, France, Lithuania, Kyrgyzstan, Saint Kitts-Nevis, Bhutan, Romania, Togo, Niger, Philippines, Rwanda, Uzbekistan, Bangladesh, Nicaragua, Barbados, Norway, Democratic Republic of Congo, Botswana, Saint Vincent and the Grenadines, Denmark, Dominican Republic, Mexico, Uganda, Zimbabwe, Suriname, Indonesia, Dominica
Time period: 1870-01-01--2006-12-31
The International Trade (v2.01) data compiled by the Correlates of War Project is the result of the effort to code trade flows between states (as defined by the Project) for the period 1870-2006. The data include information on both bilateral trade flows and total national imports and exports. Four data files are included with this collection: (1) dyadic trade statistics, (2) national trade statistics, and (3) and (4) supplementary information about dyadic and national trade statistics.
Curated
International and National Data on the European System (INDES), 1945-1980 (ICPSR 9115)
Released/updated on: 2010-01-08
Geographic coverage: Europe
Time period: 1945-01-01--1980-12-31
This collection offers data on economic, political and military aspects of social processes within and between nations belonging to the European nations-system since World War II. Two separate files are available: the National File contains data on 48 national characteristics of social processes within nations, and the International File contains data on four international characteristics of social processes between nations. Variables in both files have been measured at five-year intervals beginning in 1945 and ending in 1980. Variables in the National File include population of the country, total land area of the country, imports/exports, defense expenditures, energy production, agricultural production, manufacturing, transportation, and military personnel and equipment. The International File supplies information on exports and on cooperative and conflictual actions.
Curated
Foreign Direct Investment, Productivity, and Country Growth: An Overview (ICPSR 25081)
Released/updated on: 2009-03-11
Geographic coverage: Hungary, United States, Japan, United Kingdom, Bermuda Islands, Switzerland, Spain, Canada, Netherlands, Sweden, Czech Republic, Norway, Luxembourg, Finland, Mexico, France, Germany, Estonia
The authors review the empirical literature that studies the relationship between foreign direct investment, productivity, and growth using aggregate data, and focus on two questions: (1) is there evidence of a positive relationship between foreign direct investment and national growth? and (2) does the output of the "multinational sectors" exhibit higher labor productivity? The authors also briefly discuss how the microeconomic evidence and a number of aggregation and composition problems might help explain the ambiguous results in this literature.
Curated
ABC News NHK Japan Poll, March 1990 (ICPSR 9442)
Released/updated on: 2008-11-24
Geographic coverage: United States
Time period: 1990-03-01--1990-03-31
This special topic poll, conducted March 20-22, 1990, examined Americans' attitudes toward Japan and was fielded for the Japanese broadcasting company NHK. Views were sought on whether the French and Japanese were as friendly as other people in the world and which group was more difficult for Americans to deal with. A series of questions addressed Japanese trade and investment in the United States, whether the federal budget deficit or the international trade deficit posed a bigger problem for the United States, whether an economically strong Japan threatened United States' national security, and whether the economic power of Japan or the military power of the Soviet Union was a bigger threat to the United States. Other topics covered recent trade disputes between the United States and Japan, reasons for the United States' trade deficit with Japan, the impact of Japan building up its military force, and stereotyped images of the Japanese people. Demographic variables include sex, age, race, education level, employment status, and household income.
Curated
ABC News/NHK Japan Poll, November 1991 (ICPSR 9889)
Released/updated on: 2008-07-31
Geographic coverage: United States
Time period: 1992-11-05--1992-11-10
This survey gauged public opinion regarding Japan. Respondents were asked to identify the strongest economic power in the world from a list that included both Japan and the United States and to indicate their approval or disapproval of the way George Bush handled relations with Japan. They were also asked whether their impressions of Japan were favorable, how they would describe relations between the United States and Japan, and whether relations were getting better. The survey also solicited opinions on whether Japan was a reliable ally of the United States, whether Japan had gained respect as a result of the war in the Persian Gulf, and whether Japan had provided enough financial assistance for the Persian Gulf War. Concerning trade, respondents were asked whether Japan practiced fair trade with the United States and vice versa, how important rice as a trade issue was between Japan and the United States, and whether United States farmers should be able to export as much rice to Japan as they could sell there. Respondents were also asked if Japanese investment in the United States was a good thing for the United States, whether restrictions should be placed on Japanese investments in the United States, and whether Japan's current economic strength posed a threat to the United States. In addition, the survey posed questions pertaining to whether life was better in Japan or in the United States, whether Japanese or American workers worked harder, whether Japan or the United States was more to blame for the war between the two countries 50 years ago, whether the respondent looked unfavorably on Japan for having attacked Pearl Harbor, and if anti-Japanese feelings seemed to be on the rise in the United States. The survey also asked respondents to indicate their level of trust in various institutions of American society, including banks, the military, public schools, the courts, and the federal government, and to rate items such as the quality of available health care. Respondents were also asked to comment on whether they were satisfied with their current residence. Background information on respondents includes political alignment, education, age, race, employment status, income, and sex.
Curated
PRINCE Project: International Transactions, Issue Specific Interactions and Power Data Sets, 1966-1972 (ICPSR 5006)
Released/updated on: 2006-01-18
Geographic coverage: Benin, Cambodia, Sudan, Paraguay, Portugal, Syria, North Korea, Greece, Morocco, Iran, Mali, Panama, Guatemala, Guyana, Iraq, Chile, Laos, Nepal, Argentina, Tanzania, Zambia, Ghana, Belize, India, Canada, Maldives, Turkey, Belgium, Finland, South Africa, Trinidad and Tobago, Central African Republic, Jamaica, Peru, Germany, Yemen, Vietnam (Socialist Republic), United States, Guinea, China (Peoples Republic), Somalia, Madagascar, Ivory Coast, Thailand, Libya, Costa Rica, Sweden, Malawi, Poland, Kuwait, Jordan, Nigeria, Bulgaria, Tunisia, Uruguay, Sri Lanka, United Kingdom, Kenya, Switzerland, Spain, Lebanon, Liberia, Cuba, Venezuela, Czech Republic, Burkina Faso, Mauritania, Swaziland, Israel, Australia, Soviet Union, Myanmar, Cameroon, Cyprus, Malaysia, Iceland, Global, Gabon, South Korea, Austria, Yugoslavia, El Salvador, Luxembourg, Brazil, Algeria, Lesotho, Ecuador, Colombia, Hungary, Japan, Mauritius, Albania, New Zealand, taiwan, Senegal, Italy, Honduras, Ethiopia, Haiti, Afghanistan, Burundi, Singapore, Egypt, Bolivia, Malta, Saudi Arabia, Netherlands, Pakistan, Gambia, Ireland, Slovakia, France, Romania, Togo, Niger, Philippines, Rwanda, Bangladesh, Nicaragua, Barbados, Norway, Democratic Republic of Congo, Botswana, Denmark, Dominican Republic, Mexico, Uganda, Zimbabwe, Indonesia
Time period: 1966-01-01--1972-12-31
This data collection is composed of four files: one World Event Interaction Survey file (Part 1), and three data values files including an Aggregate Data Values file (Part 2), a Treaty Data Values Issue Position file (Part 3), and an Event Data Values Issue Position File (Part 4). The datasets were created as part of the PRINCE Project of the International Relations Program of Syracuse University and are designed to provide estimates for the values of the principal variables used in the model underlying PRINCE, a programmed international computer environment, but may be used for other research and teaching purposes. Variables in these files pertain to issue positions, influence attempts, power, affect, and economic, diplomatic, and social transactions. The World Event Interaction Survey file (Part 1) contains information on the type, direction, and effect of transaction, the type and value of issue acts, geographic location, and topic and value of expressions of affect. A total of 5,593 acts coded for 231 dyads (directional) include acts of the United States toward 106 nations, acts of 104 nations toward the United States, acts among the members of 19 directional dyads, and acts from Israel to Egypt and Egypt to Israel, in the period 1966-1969. The Aggregate Data Values file (Part 2) contains measurements of power and transaction levels for the 107 nations in Part 1. Data were collected for 1967 for most of the variables in this file. Information is provided on gross national product (GNP), population estimates, military expenditures, United States' and the nations' diplomats, the nations' exports to and imports from the United States, United States' tourists to and from the nations, the number of United States' students in the nations and the number of students from the nations in the United States, and the number of the nations' telegraph messages to and from the United States. The Treaty Data Values Issue Position file (Part 3) contains data for 122 nations coded for 55 treaties accepted as of December 31, 1968. These are grouped into six issue areas: human rights, law of the sea, diplomatic and consular matters, narcotic drugs, transport and communications, and educational matters and obscene publications. The Event Data Values Issue Position file (Part 4) contains data for 49 nations coded for 312 acts during January 1, 1972, through June 30, 1972. Variables measuring issue position per act provide information on date, actor, target, issue, geographic location, and type of statement that indicates the policy preference a state has on an international issue.
Curated
Increasing Importance of Proximity for Exports From U.S. States (ICPSR 1307)
Released/updated on: 2005-03-15
Geographic coverage: United States
Changes in income, trade policies, transportation costs, technology, and many other variables affect the geographic pattern of international trade flows. This paper focuses on the changing geography of merchandise exports from individual U.S. states to foreign countries. Generally speaking, the geographic distribution of state exports has changed so that trade has become more intense with nearby countries relative to distant countries. All states, however, did not experience similar changes. As measured by the distance of trade, which is the average distance that a state's international trade is transported, 40 states experienced a declining distance of trade, while 11 states (including Washington, DC) experienced an increasing distance of trade. Evidence, albeit far from definitive, suggests that declining transportation costs over land, the implementation of the North American Free Trade Agreement, and faster income growth by nearby trading partners relative to distant partners have contributed to the changing geography of state exports.
Curated
Comparing Manufacturing Export Growth Across States: What Accounts for the Differences? (ICPSR 1234)
Released/updated on: 2001-04-02
Geographic coverage: United States
The expansion of United States manufacturing exports has spread unevenly across states. The authors use shift-share analysis to account for the difference between a state's manufacturing export growth and national manufacturing export growth between 1988 and 1998. Three effects are examined. The industry mix effect indicates that a state should have experienced export growth above the national average if its exports were relatively more concentrated in industries whose exports expanded faster than the national average. The destination effect indicates that a state should have experienced export growth above the national average if its exports were concentrated in foreign markets whose purchases from the United States expanded faster than the national increase in exports. The competitive effect is what remains after accounting for these two effects. The authors find that the competitive effect, which in previous research was related to increases in human capital per worker, is the key determinant of a state's relative export performance. Furthermore, the industry mix and destination effects, which are of similar importance, are generally dominated by the competitive effect in accounting for a state's relative export performance.
Curated
State Exports and the Asian Crisis (ICPSR 1216)
Released/updated on: 2000-05-02
Geographic coverage: United States, Asia, Global
The Asian financial crisis caused a decline in most states' exports of manufactured goods to East Asia during 1998, but the severity of the decline varied across states. In this article, the authors estimate the size of this export shock for all states. Primarily because western states tend to be more dependent on East Asian markets for export sales, they were hit the hardest by the sharp reduction in Asian demand for United States-produced manufactured goods. Of the states in which the decline in exports to East Asia lowered the growth of manufacturing output by more than 1 percent, two-thirds were western states. The export changes caused by the Asian crisis, however, were found to matter little for manufacturing employment growth across states during 1998. Meanwhile, states with a high concentration of manufacturing industries that use petroleum products extensively as an input tended to have larger manufacturing employment increases during 1998 than other states. Consequently, the authors conclude that the oil price declines during late 1997 and 1998, some portion of which can be attributed to the Asian crisis, appear to be more important than the export effects in influencing manufacturing employment across states.
Curated
Going Down: The Asian Crisis and United States Exports (ICPSR 1203)
Released/updated on: 1999-08-18
Geographic coverage: United States, Asia, Global
The Asian financial and economic crisis has attracted much attention to the trade links among the United States and countries throughout Asia. Until the crisis, United States exports to East Asia were growing rapidly. In this article, the authors examine the abrupt decline in exports and provide estimates of the sizes of the export shock both to the United States economy as a whole and to specific sectors. More than half the industries they studied experienced declines in exports to East Asia of more than 15 percent. However, focusing solely on the export data overstates the importance of these declines for the industries in question. The effect of the decline depends on the extent to which that industry relies on the East Asian market to sell its output. Incorporating the export declines with the market share data indicates the extent to which each industry has been affected. For most industries, the decline in exports lowered growth by 0.4 percentage points or less. For some industries, such as the nonelectrical machinery industry, the export shock reduced output by 1 percent or more.
Curated
Using the Gravity Model to Estimate the Costs of Protection (ICPSR 1200)
Released/updated on: 1999-06-23
Geographic coverage: United States
Economists' estimates of the actual burden that trade protectionism imposes on the economy have been surprisingly small. In this article, the author presents a method that captures some of the effects and distortions of trade protection that have not been captured by existing methods. He finds that during 1996, worldwide protectionism reduced United States exports by 26.2 percent. Likewise, United States protectionism decreased United States imports from non-NAFTA countries by 15.4 percent. He calculates further that the welfare cost of United States protectionism amounted to about 1.45 percent of United States national income, which is much higher than previous estimates.
Curated
Annual Data on Nine Economic and Military Characteristics of 78 Nations (SIRE NATDAT), 1948-1983 (ICPSR 9273)
Released/updated on: 1992-02-17
Geographic coverage: Global
Time period: 1948-01-01--1983-12-31
This data collection contains annual figures on several macroeconomic and military indicators for 78 countries independent since 1948. For each year from 1948 through 1983 data were obtained for each country on these key characteristics: total exports, total imports, government revenues, government expenditures, capital formation, defense expenditures, gross national product, population, and total military personnel. These variables permit an analysis of the relations among European nations as well as relations between European nations and other nations of the world. The United States Consumer Price Index (in 1975 U.S. dollars) and the exchange rate (value of one U.S. dollar in the national currency at current prices) are supplied as well.
Curated
British Economic Imperialism, 1869-1914 (ICPSR 7738)
Released/updated on: 1992-02-16
Geographic coverage: Great Britain, Europe, Global
Time period: 1869-01-01--1914-12-31
These data are a time series of 46 cases, one for each year from 1869 to 1914, consisting of 134 variables that record information on various aspects of the British economy. Variables include raw values, nine-year moving averages, deviations from the average, and deviations from the linear trend for such quantities as British investment abroad, British gross domestic fixed capital, British exports and imports to the British Empire and to other parts of the world, and the number of British alliances. Data were collected from the most recent available studies in economic history, econometrics, and political science. In every instance, the source considered the most authoritative by the relevant discipline was used to collect the data.
Curated
Yearbook of World Energy Statistics, Master File, 1970-1979 (ICPSR 7893)
Released/updated on: 1992-02-16
Geographic coverage: South America, Papua New Guinea, Cambodia, Paraguay, Syria, Solomon Islands, Latin America, Bahamas, Gibralter, Montserrat, Mali, Panama, Guadeloupe, Virgin Islands of the United States, Czechoslovakia, Laos, Argentina, Falkland Islands, Africa, Seychelles, Zambia, Belize, Bahrain, Guinea-Bissau, Namibia, Finland, Comoros, Faroe Islands, Yemen, Puerto Rico, China (Peoples Republic), Madagascar, Ivory Coast, Libya, Western Samoa, Sweden, Malawi, Andorra, Liechtenstein, Poland, Jordan, Bulgaria, Tunisia, Channel Islands, United Arab Emirates, Tuvalu, Kenya, French Polynesia, Lebanon, Djibouti, Brunei, Azerbaijan, Cuba, Mauritania, Saint Lucia, Israel, San Marino, Australia, Soviet Union, Myanmar, Central America, Cameroon, Cyprus, Bermuda Islands, Malaysia, North America, Iceland, Global, Oman, Armenia, Gabon, Yugoslavia, Luxembourg, Brazil, Turks and Caicos Islands, Algeria, Antigua and Barbuda, Ecuador, Colombia, Moldova, Italy, Honduras, Micronesia (Federated States), Haiti, Afghanistan, Burundi, Singapore, French Guiana, American Samoa, Christmas Island, Netherlands, Martinique, Reunion, Bhutan, Romania, Togo, Philippines, Asia, Democratic Republic of Congo, British Virgin Islands, Zimbabwe, Indonesia, Dominica, Benin, Angola, Sudan, East Timor, Portugal, New Caledonia, North Korea, Greece, Cayman Islands, Mongolia, Morocco, Iran, Bosnia-Hercegovina, Guatemala, Guyana, Iraq, Chile, Nepal, Ukraine, Tanzania, West Indies, Ghana, Anguilla, India, Canada, Maldives, Turkey, Belgium, Taiwan, South Africa, Trinidad and Tobago, Central African Republic, Jamaica, Peru, Germany, Vietnam (Socialist Republic), Fiji, Hong Kong, United States, Guinea, Chad, Somalia, Sao Tome and Principe, Thailand, Kiribati, Costa Rica, Middle East, Kuwait, Nigeria, Croatia, Uruguay, Sri Lanka, Cook Islands, United Kingdom, Switzerland, Spain, Liberia, Venezuela, Burkina Faso, Swaziland, Palau, Persian Gulf States, South Korea, Austria, Mozambique, El Salvador, Monaco, Guam, Lesotho, Tonga, Hungary, Japan, Europe, Belarus, Mauritius, Albania, New Zealand, Senegal, Ethiopia, Egypt, Sierra Leone, Bolivia, Malta, Saudi Arabia, Cape Verde, Southeast Asia, Pakistan, Gambia, Ireland, Qatar, France, Lithuania, Saint Kitts-Nevis, Niger, Rwanda, Bangladesh, Nicaragua, Barbados, Norway, Botswana, Saint Vincent and the Grenadines, Macao, Denmark, Dominican Republic, Mexico, Uganda, Suriname, Saint Helena, Greenland
Time period: 1970-01-01--1979-12-31
This data collection contains energy commodity production statistics for approximately 200 United Nations reporting countries for the years 1970-1979. In this file, each record refers to an individual reporting country and the quantity of its various transactions (e.g., production, imports, exports, bunkers, additions to stocks, and capacity) for a given energy commodity in a given year. Only annual data are included. The 70 types of commodities reported include solid fuels (e.g., coal, peat, and charcoal), liquid fuels (e.g., crude petroleum, gasoline, and kerosene), gases, uranium, and both industrial and public types of geothermal, hydro, and nuclear generated electricity. Information is also included on the population (in thousands) of the reporting country, the quantity of the commodity per transaction, and the date of the transaction. Supplementary data not contained in this data collection are in the introduction and footnotes of the individual tables published in the YEARBOOK OF WORLD ENERGY STATISTICS, 1979.
Curated
Middle East Time Series Data, 1948-1969 (ICPSR 5014)
Released/updated on: 1992-02-16
Geographic coverage: Saudi Arabia, Middle East, Lebanon, Egypt, Israel, Iraq, United Arab Emirates, Kuwait, Jordan, Global, Syria
Time period: 1948-01-01--1969-12-31
This study contains mainly economic data and some select sociopolitical data for Middle East nations, Israel, Egypt, Iraq, Jordan, Kuwait, Lebanon, Saudi Arabia, Syria, and United Arab Emirates, in the period 1948-1969. Data are provided on economic aid, energy consumption for public use, oil production, national income, total exports and imports, development budget, defense spending, cost of arms race, cost of living index, consumer price index, and monetary exchange ratio. Additional variables provide sociopolitical information on population, the strength of democratic institutions in the nations, the number of illegitimate changes of government, the ruling party, the strength of traditional elites, military and bureaucracy elites, and religious and landed elites, political centralization, encounters between government forces and guerilla forces, attacks on civilians, attacks on bases and strategic installations, and political mobilizations.
Curated
Black Africa Handbook (ICPSR 5019)
Released/updated on: 1992-02-16
Geographic coverage: Benin, Burundi, Cameroon, Guinea, Sudan, Chad, Somalia, Sierra Leone, Ivory Coast, Global, Gabon, Malawi, Mali, Gambia, Nigeria, Lesotho, Togo, Niger, Africa, Tanzania, Rwanda, Zambia, Ghana, Kenya, Liberia, Burkina Faso, Mauritania, Senegal, Democratic Republic of Congo, Botswana, Uganda, Central African Republic, Ethiopia
This study contains data on the political, social, economic, religious, ecological, and demographic characteristics of 32 Black African nations in the late 1950s and 1960s. Data are provided on political regime characteristics, such as the existence and nature of political parties, elections, the nature of the judicial system, the extent of government influence, and the occurrence of riots, civil violence, terrorist activities, civil wars, irredentist movements, and coup d'etats. Economic variables provide information on government revenues, government expenditures, gross domestic capital formation, public investment as a percentage of the gross domestic product (GDP), gross national product (GNP), defense budgets, energy, investment, labor, number of wage earners as a percentage of active population, industrial production, electricity production, per capita energy consumption, educational expenditures, economic welfare, consumer price index, international economic aid, total international trade, imports and exports, agriculture, and membership in major African multilateral economic organizations. Also included is information on the military and security systems, Africanization of the army officer corps, international relations, membership in nongovernmental organizations (NGOs), communication and transportation, and social welfare. Other variables provide information on population estimates and characteristics, population density, settlement patterns, cultural pluralism, language, religion, primary and secondary school enrollment, family organization, patrilineal kin groups, class stratification, and the number of physicians per population.
Curated
Dimensionality of Nations Project: Nation Attribute Data, 1950-1965 (ICPSR 5020)
Released/updated on: 1992-02-16
Geographic coverage: Benin, Cambodia, Sudan, East Timor, Paraguay, Portugal, Syria, North Korea, Greece, Morocco, Iran, Mali, Panama, Guatemala, Iraq, Chile, Laos, Nepal, Argentina, Tanzania, Zambia, Ghana, India, Canada, Turkey, Belgium, Taiwan, Finland, Trinidad and Tobago, Central African Republic, Jamaica, Peru, Turkmenistan, Germany, Yemen, Vietnam (Socialist Republic), Easter Island, United States, Guinea, China (Peoples Republic), Chad, Somalia, Madagascar, Ivory Coast, Thailand, Libya, Costa Rica, Sweden, Poland, Jordan, Nigeria, Bulgaria, Tunisia, Uruguay, Sri Lanka, United Kingdom, Switzerland, Spain, Lebanon, Brunei, Liberia, Cuba, Venezuela, Czech Republic, Mauritania, Israel, Australia, Soviet Union, Tajikistan, Myanmar, Cameroon, Malaysia, Global, Gabon, South Korea, Austria, Yugoslavia, El Salvador, Brazil, Algeria, Ecuador, Colombia, Hungary, Japan, Albania, New Zealand, Senegal, Italy, Honduras, Ethiopia, Haiti, Afghanistan, Burundi, Egypt, Sierra Leone, Bolivia, Russia, Saudi Arabia, Netherlands, Pakistan, Ireland, Slovakia, France, Romania, Togo, Niger, Philippines, Rwanda, Uzbekistan, Nicaragua, Norway, Democratic Republic of Congo, Denmark, Dominican Republic, British Virgin Islands, Mexico, Uganda, Zimbabwe, Indonesia
Time period: 1950-01-01--1965-12-31
This study contains data on the political, economic, religious, ecological, and demographic characteristics of 113 nations in the years 1950, 1955, 1960, 1963, and 1965. Originally collected by the Dimensionality of Nations (DON) Project at the University of Hawaii, these data provide information on political regime characteristics, such as the number of political parties, electoral system, political leadership, the nature of the political system, horizontal power distribution, communist party membership, the legitimacy of present government, the legality of government change, freedom of opposition, major government crises, bureaucracy, and the occurrence of assassinations, riots, general strikes, protests, domestic violence, demonstrations, threats and accusations, and purges. Economic variables focus on gross national product (GNP), aid received from the United States and Russia, national income, government expenditures, government balance of payment, investments, imports and exports, energy production and consumption, agricultural production, and the economically active population. Demographic variables include age, education, literacy, religion, ethnicity, marital status, immigrants, and migrants. Other variables provide information on the nations' bloc memberships, United Nations' assessment of the nations, air distance of the nations from the United States, number of nongovernmental organizations, number of the nations' diplomats expelled or recalled, age of the nations, and the nations' geography.
Curated
World Trade Data, 1958-1968 (ICPSR 5402)
Released/updated on: 1992-02-16
Geographic coverage: Benin, Papua New Guinea, Angola, Cambodia, Sudan, East Timor, Paraguay, Portugal, Syria, New Caledonia, Solomon Islands, North Korea, Bahamas, Gibralter, Greece, Morocco, Iran, Mali, Panama, Guatemala, Guyana, Virgin Islands of the United States, Czechoslovakia, Iraq, Chile, Laos, Nepal, Argentina, Falkland Islands, Tanzania, Seychelles, Zambia, Ghana, Bahrain, India, Canada, Guinea-Bissau, Maldives, Turkey, Belgium, Taiwan, Finland, Comoros, Faroe Islands, South Africa, Trinidad and Tobago, Netherlands Antilles, Central African Republic, Jamaica, Peru, Germany, Yemen, Vietnam (Socialist Republic), Puerto Rico, Eritrea, Fiji, Hong Kong, United States, Guinea, China (Peoples Republic), Chad, Somalia, Sao Tome and Principe, Madagascar, Ivory Coast, Thailand, Libya, Equatorial Guinea, Western Samoa, Kiribati, Costa Rica, Sweden, Malawi, Poland, Kuwait, Jordan, Nigeria, Bulgaria, Tunisia, Uruguay, Sri Lanka, United Kingdom, United Arab Emirates, Kenya, Switzerland, Spain, Lebanon, Brunei, Liberia, Cuba, Venezuela, Burkina Faso, Mauritania, Swaziland, Israel, Australia, Soviet Union, Myanmar, Cameroon, Gaza Strip, Cyprus, Bermuda Islands, Malaysia, Iceland, Global, Oman, Gabon, South Korea, Austria, Yugoslavia, Mozambique, El Salvador, Luxembourg, Brazil, Guam, Algeria, Lesotho, Tonga, Ecuador, Colombia, Hungary, Japan, Mauritius, Albania, New Zealand, Senegal, Italy, Honduras, Micronesia (Federated States), Ethiopia, Haiti, Afghanistan, Burundi, Singapore, French Guiana, American Samoa, Sierra Leone, Bolivia, Malta, Saudi Arabia, Cape Verde, Netherlands, Pakistan, Gambia, Ireland, Qatar, France, Reunion, Bhutan, Romania, Togo, Niger, Philippines, Rwanda, Nicaragua, Barbados, Norway, Democratic Republic of Congo, Botswana, Denmark, Dominican Republic, British Virgin Islands, Mexico, Uganda, Zimbabwe, Suriname, Saint Helena, Greenland, Indonesia
Time period: 1958-01-01--1968-12-31
This study contains export and import trade data for 207 nations in the period 1958-1968. The data were collected on a country by country, dyadic, or directional basis and provide information for the imports and exports of a nation dyad in units of millions of United States dollars.
Curated
Asia and Major Powers Dyadic Interactions, 1956-1968 (ICPSR 5406)
Released/updated on: 1992-02-16
Geographic coverage: Afghanistan, Cambodia, United States, Sri Lanka, Japan, China (Peoples Republic), United Kingdom, Malaysia, Thailand, Global, India, New Zealand, South Korea, Pakistan, Asia, Taiwan, Australia, France, Laos, Soviet Union, Indonesia, Vietnam (Socialist Republic)
Time period: 1956-01-01--1968-12-31
This data collection provides information on the dyadic interactions between the Asian states and the major powers in the period 1956-1968. Information is provided for the measure of cooperative and conflictual behavior between the major powers and the Asian states. Variables that focus on positive interaction include imports to the Asian states from the major powers countries and exports from Asian states to the major powers countries, Asian states' military personnel, civil technicians, and students trained in the major powers countries, major powers' military aid, military personnel, and economic aid to the Asian states, and state visits, formal defense treaties, and shared United Nations votes between the two sets of states. Variables that indicate conflictual interaction include minority and territorial disputes between the Asian states and the major powers, and the intensity of conflicts between them. The data are aggregated annually for each of the years 1956 to 1968.
Curated
Dimensionality of Nations Project: Attributes of Nations and Behavior of Nation Dyads, 1950-1965 (ICPSR 5409)
Released/updated on: 1992-02-16
Geographic coverage: Global
Time period: 1950-01-01--1965-12-31
This study contains data on the economic, diplomatic, military, and social dyadic interactions among a selected sample of 182 nation-dyads in the years 1950, 1955, 1960, 1963, and 1965. Originally collected by the Dimensionality of Nations (DON) Project at the University of Hawaii, these data provide information on the behavioral dimensions of the interactions between the nations in the dyads. The dyads represent all of the paired relationships for 14 nations. Variables such as economic aid, official visits, treaties, co-participation in international conferences, exports, tourist visits, intergovernmental organizations, common membership in nongovernmental organizations, common blocs membership, and military alliances measure positive interactions or cooperative behavior between the nations. Other variables such as military actions, negative behavior, severance of diplomatic relations, expulsion or recall of diplomats and lesser officials, boycott or embargo, aid to subversive groups or enemies, accusations, protests, attacks on embassy, and lost territory from one nation to the other measure conflictual interactions. The variables are arranged by year and within year by dyad number.
Curated
World Export Data (WED), 1948-1983 (ICPSR 9116)
Released/updated on: 1992-02-16
Geographic coverage: Global
Time period: 1948-01-01--1983-12-31
This database supplies comprehensive annual tabulations of exports among nearly all nations of the world. Encompassing data on 164 nations, the WED database augments empirical research into bilateral and multilateral flows of exports and trade patterns over time. The data are unique in that they are not restricted to member states of a particular organization such as the International Monetary Fund or the United Nations, and they also contain information on all nations with centrally planned economies. The first two variables in the file represent the nations from which and to which the exports are sent, and the remaining variables represent 36 annual figures on the value of the exports in millions of United States dollars at current prices beginning in 1948 and ending in 1983.
Curated
Dependency Approaches to International Political Economy: A Cross-National Study, 1970 (ICPSR 9021)
Released/updated on: 1992-02-16
Geographic coverage: Middle East, Asia, Europe, Africa, West Indies, Global, Latin America
Time period: 1970-01-01--1970-12-31
This data collection provides cross-national data on the external determinants of the division of power and wealth in lesser developed countries. The study aggregates data, produced by the United Nations, the World Bank, and the Organization for Economic Cooperation and Development. Seventy lesser-developed countries located in Subsaharan Africa, the Middle East, Latin America, the Caribbean, Asia, and southern Europe are included. These countries were selected on the basis of data availability. The variables provide information on exports as a proportion of Gross National Product (GNP), export concentration, commodity concentration, trade composition, terms of trade, types of investment, aid concentration, debt service, arms transfers, educational indicators, social welfare indicators, taxes, unemployment, security measures, GNP indicators, index of national resource endowment, and population.
Curated
Balance of Payments Statistics (ICPSR 8623)
Released/updated on: 1992-02-16
Geographic coverage: South America, Papua New Guinea, Cambodia, Paraguay, Kazakhstan, Syria, Solomon Islands, Bahamas, Gibralter, Montserrat, Mali, Marshall Islands, Panama, Guadeloupe, Laos, Argentina, Falkland Islands, Africa, Seychelles, Zambia, Belize, Bahrain, Guinea-Bissau, Namibia, Finland, Comoros, Faroe Islands, Netherlands Antilles, Yemen, Eritrea, China (Peoples Republic), Madagascar, Aruba, Ivory Coast, Libya, Sweden, Malawi, Poland, Jordan, Bulgaria, Tunisia, United Arab Emirates, Tuvalu, Kenya, French Polynesia, Lebanon, Djibouti, Brunei, Azerbaijan, Cuba, Czech Republic, Mauritania, Saint Lucia, Israel, San Marino, Australia, Soviet Union, Tajikistan, Myanmar, Cameroon, Cyprus, Bermuda Islands, Malaysia, North America, Iceland, Global, Oman, Armenia, Gabon, Yugoslavia, Luxembourg, Brazil, Algeria, Slovenia, Antigua and Barbuda, Ecuador, Colombia, Moldova, Vanuatu, Italy, Honduras, Micronesia (Federated States), Nauru, Haiti, Afghanistan, Burundi, Singapore, French Guiana, Korea (North), American Samoa, Russia, Netherlands, Martinique, Kyrgyzstan, Reunion, Bhutan, Romania, Togo, Philippines, Uzbekistan, Asia, British Virgin Islands, Zimbabwe, Pacific Ocean, Indonesia, Dominica, Benin, Angola, Sudan, East Timor, Portugal, New Caledonia, Grenada, Greece, Cayman Islands, Mongolia, Latvia, Morocco, Iran, Bosnia-Hercegovina, Guatemala, Guyana, Iraq, Chile, Nepal, Georgia (Republic), Ukraine, Tanzania, Ghana, Anguilla, India, Canada, Maldives, Turkey, Belgium, South Africa, Trinidad and Tobago, Central African Republic, Jamaica, Peru, Turkmenistan, Germany, Vietnam (Socialist Republic), Fiji, Hong Kong, United States, Guinea, Chad, Somalia, Thailand, Equatorial Guinea, Kiribati, Costa Rica, Pitcairn Island, Kuwait, Nigeria, Croatia, Sao Tome And Principe, Uruguay, Sri Lanka, Cook Islands, United Kingdom, Switzerland, Samoa, Spain, Palestine, Liberia, Venezuela, Burkina Faso, Congo (Democratic Republic), Swaziland, Palau, Estonia, Gaza Strip, Wallis and Futuna, Austria, Mozambique, Korea (South), El Salvador, Guam, Lesotho, Tonga, Hungary, Japan, Europe, Belarus, Mauritius, Albania, New Zealand, Senegal, Macedonia, Ethiopia, Egypt, Sierra Leone, Bolivia, Malta, Wake Island, Saudi Arabia, Cape Verde, Pakistan, Gambia, Ireland, Qatar, Slovakia, France, Lithuania, Saint Kitts-Nevis, Niger, Rwanda, Bangladesh, Nicaragua, Barbados, Norway, Botswana, Saint Vincent and the Grenadines, Macao, Denmark, Dominican Republic, Mexico, Uganda, Suriname, Saint Helena, Greenland
Time period: 1965-01-01--1998-12-31
These time series data provide information on the balance of payments among countries and geographical areas of the world. Detailed tabulations included in this collection describe (1) transactions in goods, services, and income between an economy and the rest of the world, (2) changes of ownership and other changes in that country's monetary gold, special drawing rights (SDRs), and claims and liabilities to the rest of the world, and (3) unrequited transfers and counterpart entries that are needed to balance, in the accounting sense, any entries for previous transactions and changes that are not mutually offsetting. Aggregated and detailed presentations show data for items such as investments, short- and long-term capital, reserves, and changes in reserves.