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Curated
Simple Crosstabs

Sustainability Cultural Indicators Program (SCIP), Michigan, 2012-2015, 2018, 2021, 2024 (ICPSR 39102)

Released/updated on: 2026-07-20
Geographic coverage: Flint, United States, Ann Arbor, Michigan
Time period: 2012-10-01--2024-12-07
The Sustainability Cultural Indicators Program (SCIP) is a groundbreaking effort designed to inform educational programs and campus operations at the University of Michigan. Two questionnaires (one for faculty and staff and another for students) have been administered to the U-M campus community on a regular basis since Fall 2012. The surveys yield responses from more than 3,500 students and 1,500 faculty and staff members each cycle. Questions cover carbon neutrality, travel and transportation, waste prevention and conservation, the natural environment, climate change, food, and engagement, awareness, and ratings of campus sustainability initiatives.
Self-published

2023 California Delta Residents Survey (ICPSR 195447)

Released/updated on: 2024-07-01
Geographic coverage: California, United States
Time period: 2023-02-01--2023-05-31
The Delta Residents Survey (DRS) was a household survey conducted in the Sacramento-San Joaquin Delta in Northern California in 2023 to better understand residents' attitudes on key social and environmental challenges in the region. The data were collected via a survey (available online through Qualtrics or as a print version), with survey invitations sent by mail to a random sample of 82,000 household addresses in the rural “Primary Zone” of the Delta (survey Zone 1), the suburban and urban “Secondary Zone” of the Delta (survey Zone 2) and Delta-adjacent “EJ Communities” in South Sacramento and South Stockton (survey Zone 3). Maps of the survey zones are available in project documentation and the Results Summary Report. The survey was available in English and Spanish. Over 2,300 responses were received, constituting a 2.9 percent response rate. The survey included 43 multiple choice and short response questions, broken up into five sections around key themes: 
  • Sense of place and way of life
  • Regional priorities, concerns, and quality of life
  • Environmental and climate change experiences, concerns, and policy preferences
  • Civic engagement and good governance
  • Demographics
The research was conducted by a collaborative team of environmental social scientists across multiple research universities (UC San Diego, UC Davis, UC Berkeley, Oregon State University, and Sacramento State University) and was funded by the Delta Stewardship Council's Delta Science Program (a California State Agency). Significant community engagement and partnership efforts were carried out to improve the relevancy of survey questions and interpretation of data.Additional resources, including summary report of results and other research products using the data, are posted on our project website as they become available: https://ktomari.github.io/DeltaResidentsSurvey/.We also have a GitHub repository, where R scripts (and accompanying plain-text descriptions of the functions used that can be translated into other programming languages) are posted, which provide the easiest way for reading in the data and ensuring variable types are set correctly. We highly recommend using or referencing these scripts for the easiest and most accurate use of the data: https://github.com/ktomari/DeltaResidentsSurvey.
Curated
Simple Crosstabs

Youth Development Study, 1988-2020 [St. Paul, Minnesota] (ICPSR 24881)

Released/updated on: 2023-09-28
Geographic coverage: United States, St. Paul, Minnesota
Time period: 1988-01-01--2020-12-31

The Youth Development Study (YDS) was initiated as a school-based study of adolescent children and their parents to examine the consequences of formative experiences in adolescence for mental health, value formation, educational achievement, and multiple facets of behavioral adjustment. Particular attention was directed to the impacts of early work experience. Data were also obtained about parent-child and peer relationships and experiences in school. As the study continued, the focus shifted to adult development and attainment and, most recently, mid-life adjustment and health. This comprehensive longitudinal study now encompasses three generations: the initial cohort studied from adolescence to mid-life (G2), their parents (G1), and their adolescent children (G3). Data from three generations in the same families enable study of intergenerational relationships and differences in the experience of adolescence and transition to adulthood across parent and child cohorts. The YDS covers a wide range of topics of interest to sociologists, social psychologists, developmental psychologists, and life course scholars, including the development and impacts of agentic resources, socioeconomic attainment, processes of inter- and intra-generational mobility, objective and subjective work conditions, family relationships, intergenerational relationships, mental and physical health, and well-being.

In-school administration of paper surveys during the first four years of the study was supplemented by mailed surveys. Subsequent data collection took place entirely by mail, with 19 surveys conducted between 1988 and 2011. A final survey was conducted on-line in 2019. Survey data was obtained from the parents (G1) of this cohort during the first and fourth waves of the study (1988 and 1991). Surveys of the children (G3) began in 2009, continued in 2010 and 2011 (by mail) and in 2019-2020 (online).

The Youth Development Study measures a wide range of formative experiences and both psychological and behavioral variables, using survey methodology.

The G1 surveys obtained information about socioeconomic background as well as attitudes toward teenage employment, the parents' own employment as teenagers, their current work experiences, and educational expectations for their children.

The G2 surveys during the high school years included detailed questions about students' work and volunteer experiences, as well as experiences in their family, school, and peer groups, with an emphasis on the ways that working affected other life domains, mental health, and well-being. Shorter surveys containing many of the same topics were administered to students in 1992, 1993, and 1994, and included questions about current family and living arrangements. In 1995, a full survey was administered covering the wide range of topics included in previous surveys as well as information about career plans and life events that had occurred in the past five years. G2 Waves 9 through 19 (1997-2011) included many of the same questions contained in earlier surveys and additional sections that focused on the respondents' educational experiences, family relationships, sources of living expenses, and health and well-being. The most recent G2 survey (2019), administered on-line, included questions about support of aging parents. The YDS is unique in its coverage of both objective and subjective work experiences from adolescence to mid-life.

The topics covered by the G3 surveys are very similar to the G2 variables described above. Variables in each G2 and G3 wave are included in cross-wave codebooks, available at the Data Archive Codebook website.

For an overview of the Youth Development Study, see Mortimer, Jeylan T. (2012) "The Evolution, Contributions, and Prospects of the Youth Development Study: An Investigation in Life Course Social Psychology." Social Psychology Quarterly 75(1, March):5-27.

Curated
Simple Crosstabs

National Surveys on Energy and the Environment, [United States], Fall 2008-Fall 2017 (ICPSR 36368)

Released/updated on: 2020-08-24
Geographic coverage: United States
Time period: 2008-01-01--2017-12-31

The National Surveys on Energy and Environment (NSEE), is an on-going biannual national opinion survey on energy and climate policy. Launched in 2008, over time the NSEE has covered topics such as public policy approaches to address climate change including federal, state, and international action; energy policies such as cap-and-trade, carbon taxes, renewable energy requirements, vehicle emissions standards, and many more; and knowledge and attitudes about global warming, climate adaptation, fracking, and geoengineering. NSEE was co-founded by professor Barry Rabe at the University of Michigan, and professor Christopher Borick at Muhlenberg College, and is fielded by the Muhlenberg College Institute of Public Opinion.

From 2008 to 2012 the survey was called the "National Survey of American Public Opinion on Climate Change" (NSAPOOC); starting in 2013 the survey was renamed to the "National Surveys on Energy and Environment" (NSEE). This dataset includes data from eighteen waves, from Fall 2008 through Fall 2017. Demographic variables include age, years of education completed, income, political affiliation, religious affiliation, gender, and race.

Curated
Simple Crosstabs

Sri Lankan Environmental and Agricultural Decision-making Survey (SEADS), 2015-2017 (ICPSR 37051)

Released/updated on: 2018-06-12
Geographic coverage: Sri Lanka
Time period: 2015-01-01--2017-12-31

The Sri Lankan Environmental and Agricultural Decision-making Survey (SEADS) collected quantitative data from paddy farming households in 24 pre-selected villages in the dry zone of Sri Lanka. These data include information about livelihoods, economic activity, household characteristics, cultivation, and experiences with water scarcity and environmental stress. The objective of SEADS was to collect high quality data that could be used to:

  • Understand the impacts of water scarcity on farming households throughout the dry zone, and to assess vulnerability to climate change impacts.
  • Document methods of coping with water scarcity utilized by farmers and communities throughout the dry zone.
  • Estimate the rate of adoption of agricultural adaptations promoted by governmental and non-governmental organizations and community leaders (e.g., parachute method, low flood depth irrigation, short duration seed varieties.)
  • Understand what programs or policies may help support farmers to cope with water scarcity in the future.

Demographic variables collected include age, gender, religion, ethnicity, district of origin, education level, and occupation.

Curated
Simple Crosstabs

Eurobarometer 85.1 OVR: European Youth, April 2016 (ICPSR 36673)

Released/updated on: 2017-10-26
Geographic coverage: Cyprus, Portugal, Malta, Greece, Netherlands, Sweden, Great Britain, Austria, Latvia, Luxembourg, Ireland, Poland, Slovenia, Slovakia, France, Bulgaria, Lithuania, Croatia, Romania, Hungary, Northern Ireland, Spain, Czech Republic, Belgium, European Union, Finland, Denmark, Italy, Germany, Estonia
Time period: 2016-04-01--2016-04-30

The Eurobarometer series is a unique cross-national and cross-temporal survey program conducted on behalf of the European Commission. These surveys regularly monitor public opinion in the European Union (EU) member countries and consist of standard modules and special topic modules. The standard modules address attitudes towards European unification, institutions and policies, measurements for general socio-political orientations, as well as respondent and household demographics. The special topic modules address such topics as agriculture, education, natural environment and resources, public health, public safety and crime, and science and technology.

This round of Eurobarometer surveys covered the following special topics among respondents aged 16 to 30 years: (1) Mobility, (2) Job Training and Education, (3) Institutional Impact, (4) Social and Political Life, and (5) Climate Change. Respondents' opinions were collected regarding their mobility within the European Union, and how this affected their ability to study, train, and work. Respondents were also asked about training, school and university education in their own respective countries as well. Additional questions were asked regarding EU institutions and the impact of the EU initiative known as 'Youth Guarantee.' Respondents were also asked about their socioeconomic position in society, the impact of recent economic crises on their economic and social lives, and their attitudes toward environmental and climate change. In addition, respondents were also asked about their relationship to online social networks, as well as public life in the EU in general.

Demographic and other background information collected includes age, gender, nationality, marital status, occupation, age when stopped full-time education, household composition, ownership of a fixed or mobile telephone and other goods, difficulties in paying bills, level in society, and Internet use. In addition, country-specific data includes type and size of locality, region of residence, and language of interview (select countries).

Curated
Simple Crosstabs

Eurobarometer 81.3: The Environment and the European Area of Skills and Qualifications, April-May 2014 (ICPSR 36242)

Released/updated on: 2017-07-07
Geographic coverage: Cyprus, Portugal, Malta, Greece, Netherlands, Sweden, Great Britain, Austria, Latvia, Luxembourg, Ireland, Poland, Slovenia, Slovakia, France, Bulgaria, Lithuania, Croatia, Romania, Hungary, Northern Ireland, Spain, Czech Republic, Belgium, European Union, Finland, Denmark, Italy, Germany, Estonia
Time period: 2014-04-26--2014-05-11

The Eurobarometer series is a unique cross-national and cross-temporal survey program conducted on behalf of the European Commission. These surveys regularly monitor public opinion in the European Union (EU) member countries and consist of standard modules and special topic modules. The standard modules address attitudes towards European unification, institutions and policies, measurements for general socio-political orientations, as well as respondent and household demographics. The special topic modules address such topics as agriculture, education, natural environment and resources, public health, public safety and crime, and science and technology.

Eurobarometer 81.3 covered the following special topics: (1) Attitudes of European Citizens Towards the Environment and (2) Skills and Qualifications in the EU. Respondents' opinions were collected regarding their concern about environmental issues such as protection of natural resources, biodiversity, and pollution; their level of knowledge of these issues; and if they trusted various agencies such as the local government, trade unions, or consumer associations to provide reliable information about environmental issues. Respondents were also questioned about how environmental, social, and economic factors affected their quality of life, which group or groups were most responsible for addressing environmental issues, and which solutions they felt would have the strongest impact. Additional questions were asked regarding which skills were most important to achieve success in the workforce, where such skills could best be obtained, and the ease of accessing information on how to pursue educational opportunities to acquire these skills. Respondents were also asked about their socioeconomic position in society, whether their voice was being heard in the electoral system, and their opinions on if their home country and the European Union were generally going in the right or wrong direction.

Demographic and other background information collected includes age, gender, nationality, marital status, occupation, age when stopped full-time education, household composition, difficulties in paying bills, self-assessed level in society, self-assessed social class, and Internet use. In addition, country-specific data includes type and size of locality, region of residence, and language of interview (select countries).

Curated
Simple Crosstabs

Euro-Barometer 31: European Elections, 1989: Pre-Election Survey, March-April 1989 (ICPSR 9322)

Released/updated on: 2017-03-27
Geographic coverage: Europe, United Kingdom, Portugal, Global, Spain, Greece, Netherlands, Belgium, Luxembourg, Ireland, Denmark, Italy, France, Germany
Time period: 1989-03-02--1989-04-19
This round of Euro-Barometer surveys had for its major focus issues surrounding the European elections. Questions on political party preferences asked respondents which party they felt the closest to, how they voted in their country's last general election, how they would vote if a general election were held tomorrow, which party they would vote for within their countries, how they planned to vote in the June 1989 elections for the European Parliament, how they viewed the importance of certain national problems, and what they thought about democracy and individual liberties. Respondents were asked about their usage of the media for news, their opinions of an "All Europe" television channel and what it should offer, and how the single European market planned for in 1992 would affect their lives. The survey also gauged respondents' perceptions of the general attitude of their countries' political parties toward the most important problems facing their nations. Other items included life satisfaction, union membership, smoking habits, views on environmental issues such as nuclear accidents and radioactivity, views regarding cancer, and knowledge of and attitudes toward European Community institutions and policies, including the Common Agricultural Policy. Respondents also were asked to name current topics and events most important for them and to state whether or not certain causes such as the promotion of world peace were worth taking risks and making sacrifices for. The section on cancer queried respondents about their knowledge of the causes of cancer and medical recommendations for its early detection and prevention, and asked respondents if they followed or intended to follow those recommendations. Women were questioned about specific kinds of cancer detection examinations as well. Additional information was gathered on family income, number of persons and children under 15 residing in the home, size of locality, region of residence, occupation of the head of household, and the respondent's age, sex, occupation, education, religion, religiosity, subjective social class standing, and left-right political self-placement.
Curated
Simple Crosstabs

Euro-barometer 18: Ecological Issues, October 1982 (ICPSR 9057)

Released/updated on: 2017-03-27
Geographic coverage: Greece, Netherlands, Great Britain, Belgium, Europe, Luxembourg, Ireland, Denmark, Italy, France, Germany, Global
Time period: 1982-10-01--1982-10-31
This round of Euro-Barometer surveys queried respondents on standard Euro-Barometer measures, such as how satisfied they were with their present life, whether they attempted to persuade others close to them to share their views on subjects they held strong opinions about, whether they discussed political matters, what their country's goals should be for the next ten years, and how they viewed the need for societal change. Additional questions focused on the respondents' knowledge of and opinions on the European Community (EC), including how well-informed they felt about the EC, what sources of information about the EC they used, whether their country had benefited from being an EC member, and the extent of their personal interest in EC matters. Another major focus of this surveys was on respondents' concerns about various forms of pollution and ecological problems. Respondents also were asked about possible characteristics of a European television system. Their political orientation and level of political awareness and involvement were also measured, as well as their voting preference if general elections were to be held the next day in each country. Demographic information about the respondents includes age, sex, marital status, family income, age when completed education, occupation, number of people living in respondent's household, and province and region of interview. Euro-Barometer 18 contains data gathered from representative samples of respondents who were interviewed in each of the ten nations of the EC (Germany, Great Britain, Denmark, Italy, France, Belgium, Luxembourg, Ireland, the Netherlands, and Greece) in October 1982.
Curated
Simple Crosstabs

Japanese General Social Survey (JGSS), 2012 (ICPSR 36577)

Released/updated on: 2016-10-21
Geographic coverage: Asia, Japan, Global
Time period: 2012-02-24--2012-04-22
The Japanese General Social Surveys (JGSS) Project is a Japanese version of the General Social Survey (GSS) project closely replicating the original GSS of the National Opinion Research Center at the University of Chicago. It provides data for analyses of Japanese society, attitudes, and behaviors, which make possible international comparisons. Respondents were asked about employment, family and household composition, education, entertainment, technology and Internet usage, status and opinions on mental and physical health, alcohol and tobacco use, life satisfaction, voting behavior, opinions on political and social issues, taxes and government expenditure, family beliefs and issues, impact of the Great East Japan Earthquake, trust in people and institutions, membership in organizations, and their neighborhood environment. Demographic questions included age, sex, marital status, household income, and religious orientation and behavior.
Curated
Simple Crosstabs

ANES 1996 Time Series Study (ICPSR 6896)

Released/updated on: 2016-09-20
Geographic coverage: United States
Time period: 1992-01-01--1996-12-31
This study is part of a time-series collection of national surveys fielded continuously since 1948, designed to present data on Americans' social backgrounds, enduring political predispositions, social and political values, perceptions and evaluations of groups and candidates, opinions on questions of public policy, and participation in political life. The 1996 National Election Study contains both a pre- and a post-election component. The pre-election survey includes interviews in which approximately 77 percent of the cases are empaneled respondents who were first interviewed in the ANES 1992 TIME SERIES STUDY (ICPSR 6067) or the ANES 1994 TIME SERIES STUDY (ICPSR 6507), or both. The other 23 percent of the pre-election cases are a freshly drawn cross-section sample. Of the 1,714 citizens interviewed during the pre-election stage, 1,534 (89.5 percent) also participated in the post-election survey: 1,197 of these respondents were panel cases and 337 were cross-section. The content of the 1996 Election Study reflects its dual function, both as a traditional presidential election year time-series data collection and as a panel study. Substantive themes presented in the 1996 questionnaires included interest in political campaigns, evaluations of the political parties, knowledge and evaluation of the presidential and House candidates, political participation (including turnout in the presidential primaries and in the November general election as well as other forms of electoral campaign activity), and vote choices for president, the United States House of Representatives, and the United States Senate. Additional items focus on perceptions of personal and national economic well-being, positions on social welfare issues like the role of government in the provision of jobs and a good standard of living, positions on social issues (including abortion, women's roles, and prayer in the schools), racial and ethnic stereotypes, opinions on affirmative action, attitudes toward immigrants, opinions about the nation's most important problems, political predispositions, social altruism, social networks, feeling thermometers for a wide range of political figures and political groups, affinity with various social groups. The 1996 study also includes new measures related to the dynamics of the congressional campaign, questions regarding the importance of issues, and the respondents' level of certainty regarding their expressed opinions, as well as new items about crime, the environment, gun control and income inequality. An eight-minute module of questions included in the post-election survey was developed by a consortium of electoral scholars from 52 polities to facilitate comparative analysis of political attitudes and voting behavior. Social capital items assess trust in people and government as well as membership and activity in a wide variety of social, political, religious, and civic organizations. A full complement of variables on group membership and participation is also available in the Group Membership File which can be merged with the Main Data File. Detailed demographic information is provided, as well as measures of religious affiliation and religiosity.
Curated
Simple Crosstabs

Ghana Population, Consumption and Environment (PCE) Survey, 2002 (ICPSR 34830)

Released/updated on: 2016-07-05
Geographic coverage: Africa, Ghana, Global
Time period: 2002-01-01--2002-12-31
The Ghana Population, Consumption, and Environment Survey (or Ghana-PCE Survey) was conducted in 2002 in collaboration with investigators at the University of Science and Technology (Kumasi) and the University of Cape Coast. The survey was designed to examine the social and demographic processes that are closely linked to health and environmental health risks, and how these in turn influence local thinking about environmental issues. The 2002 Ghana-PCE Survey collected information on women's birth histories (birth dataset), occupations and events over the respondent's lifetime (men's and women's calendar datasets), and the health of respondents' children who were at or under 6 years of age (children dataset). Additionally, information was collected on the availability of services such as electricity and drinking water, economic conditions, and perceived necessity of developmental programs (community dataset), as well as the availability of services such as waste disposal, the size of households, and the materials used in construction of houses (household dataset). Respondents' were also asked about voting behavior, community organization membership, public health practices, knowledge of illnesses in children, prevention and treatment of diseases, family planning, and environmental attitudes and awareness (individual dataset). Demographic information collected includes age, sex, occupation, birth region, languages spoken, ethnicity, marital status, residence ownership, religion, and education.
Curated

General Social Survey, 1972 (ICPSR 35300)

Released/updated on: 2016-06-30
Geographic coverage: United States
Time period: 1972-01-01--1972-12-31

The General Social Survey (GSS) conducts basic scientific research on the structure and development of American society with a data-collection program designed to both monitor societal change within the United States and to compare the United States to other nations. Begun in 1972, the GSS contains a standard 'core' of demographic, behavioral, and attitudinal questions, plus topics of special interest. Many of the core questions have remained unchanged since 1972 to facilitate time-trend studies as well as replication of earlier findings.

Curated

General Social Survey, 1973 (ICPSR 35301)

Released/updated on: 2016-06-30
Geographic coverage: United States
Time period: 1973-01-01--1973-12-31

The General Social Survey (GSS) conducts basic scientific research on the structure and development of American society with a data-collection program designed to both monitor societal change within the United States and to compare the United States to other nations. Begun in 1972, the GSS contains a standard 'core' of demographic, behavioral, and attitudinal questions, plus topics of special interest. Many of the core questions have remained unchanged since 1972 to facilitate time-trend studies as well as replication of earlier findings.

Curated

General Social Survey, 1974 (ICPSR 35302)

Released/updated on: 2016-06-30
Geographic coverage: United States
Time period: 1974-01-01--1974-12-31

The General Social Survey (GSS) conducts basic scientific research on the structure and development of American society with a data-collection program designed to both monitor societal change within the United States and to compare the United States to other nations. Begun in 1972, the GSS contains a standard 'core' of demographic, behavioral, and attitudinal questions, plus topics of special interest. Many of the core questions have remained unchanged since 1972 to facilitate time-trend studies as well as replication of earlier findings.

Curated

General Social Survey, 1975 (ICPSR 35303)

Released/updated on: 2016-06-30
Geographic coverage: United States
Time period: 1975-01-01--1975-12-31

The General Social Survey (GSS) conducts basic scientific research on the structure and development of American society with a data-collection program designed to both monitor societal change within the United States and to compare the United States to other nations. Begun in 1972, the GSS contains a standard 'core' of demographic, behavioral, and attitudinal questions, plus topics of special interest. Many of the core questions have remained unchanged since 1972 to facilitate time-trend studies as well as replication of earlier findings.

Curated

General Social Survey, 1976 (ICPSR 35304)

Released/updated on: 2016-06-30
Geographic coverage: United States
Time period: 1976-01-01--1976-12-31

The General Social Survey (GSS) conducts basic scientific research on the structure and development of American society with a data-collection program designed to both monitor societal change within the United States and to compare the United States to other nations. Begun in 1972, the GSS contains a standard 'core' of demographic, behavioral, and attitudinal questions, plus topics of special interest. Many of the core questions have remained unchanged since 1972 to facilitate time-trend studies as well as replication of earlier findings.

Curated

General Social Survey, 1977 (ICPSR 35305)

Released/updated on: 2016-06-30
Geographic coverage: United States
Time period: 1977-01-01--1977-12-31

The General Social Survey (GSS) conducts basic scientific research on the structure and development of American society with a data-collection program designed to both monitor societal change within the United States and to compare the United States to other nations. Begun in 1972, the GSS contains a standard 'core' of demographic, behavioral, and attitudinal questions, plus topics of special interest. Many of the core questions have remained unchanged since 1972 to facilitate time-trend studies as well as replication of earlier findings.

Curated

General Social Survey, 1978 (ICPSR 35307)

Released/updated on: 2016-06-30
Geographic coverage: United States
Time period: 1978-01-01--1978-12-31

The General Social Survey (GSS) conducts basic scientific research on the structure and development of American society with a data-collection program designed to both monitor societal change within the United States and to compare the United States to other nations. Begun in 1972, the GSS contains a standard 'core' of demographic, behavioral, and attitudinal questions, plus topics of special interest. Many of the core questions have remained unchanged since 1972 to facilitate time-trend studies as well as replication of earlier findings.

Curated

General Social Survey, 1980 (ICPSR 35310)

Released/updated on: 2016-06-30
Geographic coverage: United States
Time period: 1980-01-01--1980-12-31

The General Social Survey (GSS) conducts basic scientific research on the structure and development of American society with a data-collection program designed to both monitor societal change within the United States and to compare the United States to other nations. Begun in 1972, the GSS contains a standard 'core' of demographic, behavioral, and attitudinal questions, plus topics of special interest. Many of the core questions have remained unchanged since 1972 to facilitate time-trend studies as well as replication of earlier findings.

Curated

General Social Survey, 1982 (ICPSR 35311)

Released/updated on: 2016-06-30
Geographic coverage: United States
Time period: 1982-01-01--1982-12-31

The General Social Survey (GSS) conducts basic scientific research on the structure and development of American society with a data-collection program designed to both monitor societal change within the United States and to compare the United States to other nations. Begun in 1972, the GSS contains a standard 'core' of demographic, behavioral, and attitudinal questions, plus topics of special interest. Many of the core questions have remained unchanged since 1972 to facilitate time-trend studies as well as replication of earlier findings.

Curated

General Social Survey, 1983 (ICPSR 35312)

Released/updated on: 2016-06-30
Geographic coverage: United States
Time period: 1983-01-01--1983-12-31

The General Social Survey (GSS) conducts basic scientific research on the structure and development of American society with a data-collection program designed to both monitor societal change within the United States and to compare the United States to other nations. Begun in 1972, the GSS contains a standard 'core' of demographic, behavioral, and attitudinal questions, plus topics of special interest. Many of the core questions have remained unchanged since 1972 to facilitate time-trend studies as well as replication of earlier findings.

Curated

General Social Survey, 1984 (ICPSR 35313)

Released/updated on: 2016-06-30
Geographic coverage: United States
Time period: 1984-01-01--1984-12-31

The General Social Survey (GSS) conducts basic scientific research on the structure and development of American society with a data-collection program designed to both monitor societal change within the United States and to compare the United States to other nations. Begun in 1972, the GSS contains a standard 'core' of demographic, behavioral, and attitudinal questions, plus topics of special interest. Many of the core questions have remained unchanged since 1972 to facilitate time-trend studies as well as replication of earlier findings.

Curated

General Social Survey, 1985 (ICPSR 35314)

Released/updated on: 2016-06-30
Geographic coverage: United States
Time period: 1985-01-01--1985-12-31

The General Social Survey (GSS) conducts basic scientific research on the structure and development of American society with a data-collection program designed to both monitor societal change within the United States and to compare the United States to other nations. Begun in 1972, the GSS contains a standard 'core' of demographic, behavioral, and attitudinal questions, plus topics of special interest. Many of the core questions have remained unchanged since 1972 to facilitate time-trend studies as well as replication of earlier findings.

Curated

General Social Survey, 1986 (ICPSR 35315)

Released/updated on: 2016-06-30
Geographic coverage: United States
Time period: 1986-01-01--1986-12-31

The General Social Survey (GSS) conducts basic scientific research on the structure and development of American society with a data-collection program designed to both monitor societal change within the United States and to compare the United States to other nations. Begun in 1972, the GSS contains a standard 'core' of demographic, behavioral, and attitudinal questions, plus topics of special interest. Many of the core questions have remained unchanged since 1972 to facilitate time-trend studies as well as replication of earlier findings.

Curated

General Social Survey, 1987 (ICPSR 35316)

Released/updated on: 2016-06-30
Geographic coverage: United States
Time period: 1987-01-01--1987-12-31

The General Social Survey (GSS) conducts basic scientific research on the structure and development of American society with a data-collection program designed to both monitor societal change within the United States and to compare the United States to other nations. Begun in 1972, the GSS contains a standard 'core' of demographic, behavioral, and attitudinal questions, plus topics of special interest. Many of the core questions have remained unchanged since 1972 to facilitate time-trend studies as well as replication of earlier findings.

Curated

General Social Survey, 1988 (ICPSR 35317)

Released/updated on: 2016-06-30
Geographic coverage: United States
Time period: 1988-01-01--1988-12-31

The General Social Survey (GSS) conducts basic scientific research on the structure and development of American society with a data-collection program designed to both monitor societal change within the United States and to compare the United States to other nations. Begun in 1972, the GSS contains a standard 'core' of demographic, behavioral, and attitudinal questions, plus topics of special interest. Many of the core questions have remained unchanged since 1972 to facilitate time-trend studies as well as replication of earlier findings.

Curated

General Social Survey, 1989 (ICPSR 35318)

Released/updated on: 2016-06-30
Geographic coverage: United States
Time period: 1989-01-01--1989-12-31

The General Social Survey (GSS) conducts basic scientific research on the structure and development of American society with a data-collection program designed to both monitor societal change within the United States and to compare the United States to other nations. Begun in 1972, the GSS contains a standard 'core' of demographic, behavioral, and attitudinal questions, plus topics of special interest. Many of the core questions have remained unchanged since 1972 to facilitate time-trend studies as well as replication of earlier findings.

Curated

General Social Survey, 1990 (ICPSR 35320)

Released/updated on: 2016-06-30
Geographic coverage: United States
Time period: 1990-01-01--1990-12-31

The General Social Survey (GSS) conducts basic scientific research on the structure and development of American society with a data-collection program designed to both monitor societal change within the United States and to compare the United States to other nations. Begun in 1972, the GSS contains a standard 'core' of demographic, behavioral, and attitudinal questions, plus topics of special interest. Many of the core questions have remained unchanged since 1972 to facilitate time-trend studies as well as replication of earlier findings.

Curated

General Social Survey, 1991 (ICPSR 35321)

Released/updated on: 2016-06-30
Geographic coverage: United States
Time period: 1991-01-01--1991-12-31

The General Social Survey (GSS) conducts basic scientific research on the structure and development of American society with a data-collection program designed to both monitor societal change within the United States and to compare the United States to other nations. Begun in 1972, the GSS contains a standard 'core' of demographic, behavioral, and attitudinal questions, plus topics of special interest. Many of the core questions have remained unchanged since 1972 to facilitate time-trend studies as well as replication of earlier findings.

Curated

General Social Survey, 1993 (ICPSR 35322)

Released/updated on: 2016-06-30
Geographic coverage: United States
Time period: 1993-01-01--1993-12-31

The General Social Survey (GSS) conducts basic scientific research on the structure and development of American society with a data-collection program designed to both monitor societal change within the United States and to compare the United States to other nations. Begun in 1972, the GSS contains a standard 'core' of demographic, behavioral, and attitudinal questions, plus topics of special interest. Many of the core questions have remained unchanged since 1972 to facilitate time-trend studies as well as replication of earlier findings.

Curated

General Social Survey, 1994 (ICPSR 35323)

Released/updated on: 2016-06-30
Geographic coverage: United States
Time period: 1994-01-01--1994-12-31

The General Social Survey (GSS) conducts basic scientific research on the structure and development of American society with a data-collection program designed to both monitor societal change within the United States and to compare the United States to other nations. Begun in 1972, the GSS contains a standard 'core' of demographic, behavioral, and attitudinal questions, plus topics of special interest. Many of the core questions have remained unchanged since 1972 to facilitate time-trend studies as well as replication of earlier findings.

Curated

General Social Survey, 1996 (ICPSR 35324)

Released/updated on: 2016-06-30
Geographic coverage: United States
Time period: 1996-01-01--1996-12-31

The General Social Survey (GSS) conducts basic scientific research on the structure and development of American society with a data-collection program designed to both monitor societal change within the United States and to compare the United States to other nations. Begun in 1972, the GSS contains a standard 'core' of demographic, behavioral, and attitudinal questions, plus topics of special interest. Many of the core questions have remained unchanged since 1972 to facilitate time-trend studies as well as replication of earlier findings.

Curated

General Social Survey, 1998 (ICPSR 35325)

Released/updated on: 2016-06-30
Geographic coverage: United States
Time period: 1998-01-01--1998-12-31

The General Social Survey (GSS) conducts basic scientific research on the structure and development of American society with a data-collection program designed to both monitor societal change within the United States and to compare the United States to other nations. Begun in 1972, the GSS contains a standard 'core' of demographic, behavioral, and attitudinal questions, plus topics of special interest. Many of the core questions have remained unchanged since 1972 to facilitate time-trend studies as well as replication of earlier findings.

Curated

General Social Survey, 2000 (ICPSR 35326)

Released/updated on: 2016-06-30
Geographic coverage: United States
Time period: 2000-01-01--2000-12-31

The General Social Survey (GSS) conducts basic scientific research on the structure and development of American society with a data-collection program designed to both monitor societal change within the United States and to compare the United States to other nations. Begun in 1972, the GSS contains a standard 'core' of demographic, behavioral, and attitudinal questions, plus topics of special interest. Many of the core questions have remained unchanged since 1972 to facilitate time-trend studies as well as replication of earlier findings.

Curated

General Social Survey, 2002 (ICPSR 35327)

Released/updated on: 2016-06-30
Geographic coverage: United States
Time period: 2002-01-01--2002-12-31

The General Social Survey (GSS) conducts basic scientific research on the structure and development of American society with a data-collection program designed to both monitor societal change within the United States and to compare the United States to other nations. Begun in 1972, the GSS contains a standard 'core' of demographic, behavioral, and attitudinal questions, plus topics of special interest. Many of the core questions have remained unchanged since 1972 to facilitate time-trend studies as well as replication of earlier findings.

Curated

General Social Survey, 2004 (ICPSR 35328)

Released/updated on: 2016-06-30
Geographic coverage: United States
Time period: 2004-01-01--2004-12-31

The General Social Survey (GSS) conducts basic scientific research on the structure and development of American society with a data-collection program designed to both monitor societal change within the United States and to compare the United States to other nations. Begun in 1972, the GSS contains a standard 'core' of demographic, behavioral, and attitudinal questions, plus topics of special interest. Many of the core questions have remained unchanged since 1972 to facilitate time-trend studies as well as replication of earlier findings.

Curated

General Social Survey, 2006 (ICPSR 35329)

Released/updated on: 2016-06-30
Geographic coverage: United States
Time period: 2006-01-01--2006-12-31

The General Social Survey (GSS) conducts basic scientific research on the structure and development of American society with a data-collection program designed to both monitor societal change within the United States and to compare the United States to other nations. Begun in 1972, the GSS contains a standard 'core' of demographic, behavioral, and attitudinal questions, plus topics of special interest. Many of the core questions have remained unchanged since 1972 to facilitate time-trend studies as well as replication of earlier findings.

Curated

General Social Survey, 2008 (ICPSR 35330)

Released/updated on: 2016-06-30
Geographic coverage: United States
Time period: 2008-01-01--2008-12-31

The General Social Survey (GSS) conducts basic scientific research on the structure and development of American society with a data-collection program designed to both monitor societal change within the United States and to compare the United States to other nations. Begun in 1972, the GSS contains a standard 'core' of demographic, behavioral, and attitudinal questions, plus topics of special interest. Many of the core questions have remained unchanged since 1972 to facilitate time-trend studies as well as replication of earlier findings.

Curated

General Social Survey, 2010 (ICPSR 35331)

Released/updated on: 2016-06-30
Geographic coverage: United States
Time period: 2010-01-01--2010-12-31

The General Social Survey (GSS) conducts basic scientific research on the structure and development of American society with a data-collection program designed to both monitor societal change within the United States and to compare the United States to other nations. Begun in 1972, the GSS contains a standard 'core' of demographic, behavioral, and attitudinal questions, plus topics of special interest. Many of the core questions have remained unchanged since 1972 to facilitate time-trend studies as well as replication of earlier findings.

Curated

General Social Survey, 2012 (ICPSR 35332)

Released/updated on: 2016-06-30
Geographic coverage: United States
Time period: 2012-01-01--2012-12-31

The General Social Survey (GSS) conducts basic scientific research on the structure and development of American society with a data-collection program designed to both monitor societal change within the United States and to compare the United States to other nations. Begun in 1972, the GSS contains a standard 'core' of demographic, behavioral, and attitudinal questions, plus topics of special interest. Many of the core questions have remained unchanged since 1972 to facilitate time-trend studies as well as replication of earlier findings.

Curated
Simple Crosstabs

Eurobarometer 83.4: Climate Change, Biodiversity, and Discrimination of Minority Groups, May-June 2015 (ICPSR 36403)

Released/updated on: 2016-06-22
Geographic coverage: Cyprus, Portugal, Malta, Greece, Netherlands, Sweden, Great Britain, Austria, Latvia, Luxembourg, Ireland, Poland, Slovenia, Slovakia, France, Bulgaria, Lithuania, Croatia, Romania, Hungary, Northern Ireland, Spain, Czech Republic, Belgium, European Union, Finland, Denmark, Italy, Germany, Estonia
Time period: 2015-05-30--2015-06-08

The Eurobarometer series is a unique cross-national and cross-temporal survey program conducted on behalf of the European Commission. These surveys regularly monitor public opinion in the European Union (EU) member countries and consist of standard modules and special topic modules. The standard modules address attitudes towards European unification, institutions and policies, measurements for general socio-political orientations, as well as respondent and household demographics. The special topic modules address such topics as agriculture, education, natural environment and resources, public health, public safety and crime, and science and technology.

This round of Eurobarometer surveys includes the standard modules and covers the following special topics: (1) Climate Change, (2) Biodiversity, (3) and Discrimination of Minority Groups. Respondent's opinions were collected on which world issues they believed were the most serious problems, how serious the issue of climate change was and if the EU should be responsible for addressing it, and what actions the have personally taken to fight climate change. Additional questions were asked regarding biodiversity and the dangers presented problems such as the decline of natural habitats and animal and plant species, and how these issues should be addressed by various groups. Respondents were also queried about their knowledge of Natura 2000 and other nature protection networks. Lastly, respondents were questioned regarding their experiences of and attitudes toward discrimination.

Demographic and other background information collected includes age, gender, nationality, marital status and parental relations, occupation, age when stopped full-time education, left-right political self-placement, household composition, ownership of durable goods, difficulties in paying bills, self-assessed social class, and Internet use. In addition, country-specific data includes type and size of locality, region of residence, and language of interview (select countries). Pre-archive/1st release version.

Curated
Simple Crosstabs

Nebraska Natural Resource Survey, 2012 (ICPSR 36449)

Released/updated on: 2016-06-14
Geographic coverage: United States, Nebraska
Time period: 2012-01-01--2012-12-31
The Nebraska Natural Resource Survey, 2012 data were collected to assess the role that trust plays in driving intention to cooperate with a natural resource management institution, the Nebraska Game and Parks Commission (NGPC). Data were collected from a random sample of Nebraska landowners with more than 20 acres of rural land, in which urban land was excluded by zip code. Survey questions included measures of the respondent's knowledge, experience, and perceptions of the NGPC's practices, policies, and goals. Respondents were also queried on any landowner programs they had participated in through the NGPC and their experiences and recommendations surrounding them. Respondents were asked to address environmental concern issues in the relational context of the NGPC. Finally respondents were asked to rate their own trustworthiness and how they felt about the Keystone XL Pipeline proposal. Demographic information within this collection includes age, sex, race/ethnicity, political affiliation, as well as where they fall on the political spectrum.
Curated
Simple Crosstabs

General Social Survey, 2012 Merged Data, Including a Cultural Module [United States] (ICPSR 35478)

Released/updated on: 2016-05-26
Geographic coverage: United States
Time period: 2012-01-01--2012-12-31

The General Social Survey (GSS) collects information from the general public on a wide variety of subjects, including attitudes toward social issues, religion, education, jobs and the economy, government and other institutions, politics, and policy issues. The 2012 merged data used a rolling panel design. The first panel is the 2008 GSS as the base year. The second panel is a subsample of the GSS cases from 2008 that was selected to be reinterview for the GSS in 2010 along with a new cross-section of cases. The third panel is the same subsample of 2008 GSS cases reinterviewed for the GSS in 2012 along with a new cross-section of cases. The 2012 GSS merged data file has the third wave of the 2008 respondents (N=1295), the second wave of the 2010 respondents (N=1,551), and the first wave (a cross-section) of 2012 respondents (N=1,974).

Besides the standard GSS topics, such as attitudes toward social issues, religion, education, jobs and the economy, government and other institutions, politics, and policy issues, the 2012 GSS data included a "Cultural Module," a battery of questions focused on culture and the arts. Questions asked if the respondent attended various performances or exhibits, who they attended with, if the performance attended was free, factors that impacted the decision to attend or not attend. The merged data also include demographic information including age, sex, race, and income. This data collection also contains questions asked in the 2008 GSS and the 2010 GSS.

Curated
Simple Crosstabs

General Social Survey, 1972-2014 [Cumulative File] (ICPSR 36319)

Released/updated on: 2016-03-14
Geographic coverage: United States
Time period: 1972-01-01--2014-12-31
Since 1972, the General Social Survey (GSS) has been monitoring societal change and studying the growing complexity of American society. The GSS aims to gather data on contemporary American society in order to monitor and explain trends and constants in attitudes, behaviors, and attributes; to examine the structure and functioning of society in general as well as the role played by relevant subgroups; to compare the United States to other societies in order to place American society in comparative perspective and develop cross-national models of human society; and to make high-quality data easily accessible to scholars, students, policy makers, and others, with minimal cost and waiting. GSS questions include such items as national spending priorities, marijuana use, crime and punishment, race relations, quality of life, and confidence in institutions. Since 1988, the GSS has also collected data on sexual behavior including number of sex partners, frequency of intercourse, extramarital relationships, and sex with prostitutes. The 2014 GSS has modules on quality of working life, shared capitalism, wealth, work and family balance, social identity, social isolation, and civic participation. In 1985 the GSS co-founded the International Social Survey Program (ISSP). The ISSP has conducted an annual cross-national survey each year since then and has involved 58 countries and interviewed over one million respondents. The ISSP asks an identical battery of questions in all countries; the U.S. version of these questions is incorporated into the GSS. The 2014 ISSP topics are National Identity and Citizenship. Demographic variables include age, gender, race, ethnicity, education, marital status, religion, employment status, income, household structure, and whether respondents were born in the United States.
Curated
Partially restricted
Simple Crosstabs

Kinder Houston Area Survey, 1982-2014: Successive Representative Samples of Harris County Residents (ICPSR 20428)

Released/updated on: 2015-12-22
Geographic coverage: United States, Texas, Houston
Time period: 1982-01-01--2014-12-31, 1994-01-01--2014-12-31, 2003-01-01--2014-12-31

The Kinder Houston Area Survey is a longitudinal study that began in May 1982 after Houston, Texas, recovered from the recession of the mid-1980s. The overall purpose of this research was to measure systematically the public responses to the new economic, educational, and environmental challenges, and to make the findings of this continuing project readily available to civic and business leaders, to the general public, and to research scholars. Part 1, All Responses from 25 Successive Samples, contains all the responses from the successive representative samples of Harris County residents from 1982 through 2014. These are the data that enabled the project to analyze continuity and change among area residents over the course of 26 years. In 13 of the 14 surveys (the years from 1994 through 2014, the one exception being 1996), the surveys were expanded with oversample interviews in Houston's ethnic communities. Using identical random-selection procedures, and terminating after the first few questions if the respondent was not of the ethnic background required, additional interviews were conducted in each of the years to enlarge and equalize the samples of Anglo, African American, and Hispanic respondents at about 500 each. In 1995 and 2002, the research also included large representative samples (N=500) from Houston's Asian communities, with one-fourth of the interviews conducted in Vietnamese, Cantonese, Mandarin, or Korean -- the only such surveys in the country. These additional interviews are included in Part 2, Additional Oversample Interviews.

The data contained in Part 2 are for Restricted-Use of Part 1, All Responses from 25 Successive Samples.

The data contained in Part 3 are based on a 14-year total of 6,576 Anglos, 6,086 African Americans, 6,094 Hispanics, and 1,250 Asians, along with 387 others, and are of particular value in assessing the similarities and differences both within and among Houston's (and America's) four largest ethnic groups. Beginning in 2003, the data files have incorporated detailed information from the 2000 Census on the characteristics of the respondent's neighborhood, not only at the level of home ZIP code, but also by Census tract and block group.

In Part 4, Restricted-Use information from 2000 Census, the data record the population and geographical area of each of the three sectors, distributions by ethnicity and immigrant status, age and gender composition, employment and commuting patterns, and levels of education and income. With this information incorporated in the datasets covering five years of expanded surveys, researchers are able to connect the respondents' perceptions and experiences with information on the neighborhoods in which they live, thereby adding a contextual dimension to analyses of the factors that account for individual differences in attitudes and beliefs. Conducted during February and March of each year, the interviews measured perspectives on the local and national economy, on poverty programs, inter-ethnic relationships. Also captured were respondents' beliefs about discrimination and affirmative action, education, crime, health care, taxation, and community service, as well as their assessments of downtown development, mobility and transit, land-use controls and environmental concerns, and their attitudes toward abortion, homosexuality, and other aspects of the social agenda. Also recorded were religious and political orientations, as well as an array of demographic and immigration characteristics, socioeconomic indicators, and family structures.

Curated
Simple Crosstabs

Eurobarometer 75.2: Economic Crisis, Volunteer Work, the Environment, Audiovisual Interests, and Helplines for Social Services, April-May 2011 (ICPSR 34265)

Released/updated on: 2015-09-16
Geographic coverage: Cyprus, Portugal, Global, Malta, Greece, Netherlands, Sweden, Austria, Latvia, Luxembourg, Ireland, Poland, Slovenia, Slovakia, France, Bulgaria, Lithuania, Romania, Hungary, Europe, United Kingdom, Spain, Czech Republic, Belgium, European Union, Finland, Denmark, Italy, Germany, Estonia
Time period: 2011-04-13--2011-05-04

The Eurobarometer series is a unique cross-national and cross-temporal survey program conducted on behalf of the European Commission. These surveys regularly monitor public opinion in the European Union (EU) member countries and consist of standard modules and special topic modules. The standard modules address attitudes towards European unification, institutions and policies, measurements for general socio-political orientations, as well as respondent and household demographics. The special topic modules address such topics as agriculture, education, natural environment and resources, public health, public safety and crime, and science and technology.

This round of Eurobarometer surveys covers the following special topics: (1) the economic crisis, (2) volunteer work, (3) the environment, (4) interests and access to audiovisuals, and (5) helplines for social services. Questions in this survey pertain to the effect of the euro on the economic crisis, proper country and EU response to the economy's problems, appropriate response to food shortages and rising food prices, and European Parliament policy priorities. Respondents were asked for their opinions concerning volunteering and how often they volunteered, the importance of environmental protection, environmental issues that worried them and the best way to address these issues, and personal efforts to protect the environment. Other questions address the type, source and frequency of audiovisual content consumed. Lastly, respondents were queried on knowledge and opinions of telephone hotlines and helplines for services of social value.

Demographic and other background information collected includes age, gender, nationality, marital status and parental relations, left-right political self-placement, occupation, age when stopped full-time education, household composition, ownership of a fixed or a mobile telephone and other durable goods, difficulties in paying bills, level in society, and Internet use. In addition, country-specific data includes type and size of locality, region of residence, and language of interview (select countries).

Curated
Simple Crosstabs

Japanese General Social Survey (JGSS), 2010 (ICPSR 34623)

Released/updated on: 2015-07-22
Geographic coverage: Asia, Japan, Global
Time period: 2010-02-19--2010-04-24
The Japanese General Social Surveys (JGSS) Project is a Japanese version of the General Social Survey (GSS) project closely replicating the original GSS of the National Opinion Research Center at the University of Chicago. It provides data for analyses of Japanese society, attitudes, and behaviors, which makes possible international comparisons. Respondents were asked about employment, family and household composition, education, entertainment, technology and Internet usage, status and opinions on mental and physical health, alcohol and tobacco use, life satisfaction, addiction, proficiency with English, voting behavior, opinions on political and social issues, taxes and government expenditure, views on burial, family beliefs and issues, trust in people and institutions, membership in organizations, volunteering, perception of their personal appearance, receiving help from others, and their neighborhood environment. Demographic questions included age, sex, marital status, household income, and religious orientation and behavior.
Curated

ANES 2010 Panel Recontact Study (ICPSR 35155)

Released/updated on: 2014-06-26
Geographic coverage: United States
Time period: 2010-01-01--2010-12-31
The ANES 2010 Panel Recontact Study is a reinterview of the ANES 2008-2009 Panel Study panelists. Those who previously completed at least one ANES wave of the Panel Study before November 2008 and who also completed the November 2008 (post-election) wave were invited to complete a follow-up interview in June 2010. Data collection ended in July 2010. The study was conducted entirely on the Internet from a sample selected and recruited by telephone. It represents United States citizens aged 18 years or older as of election day in November 2008. The questions on the recontact survey covered numerous topics. Many questions were previously asked on earlier waves of the ANES 2008-2009 Panel Study. Topics included interest in politics, cosmopolitanism, efficacy, trust in government, divided government, attitudes toward parties, personality, economic peril, race discrimination, numerous policy attitudes, and income inequality. See the questionnaire in the user guide for question wording. Demographic variables include respondent income, political party affiliation, religiosity, employment status, and household income.
Curated

ANES 1996 Time Series Study (ICPSR 35142)

Released/updated on: 2014-05-19
Geographic coverage: United States
Time period: 1990-01-01--1996-12-31
This study is part of a time-series collection of national surveys fielded continuously since 1952, designed to present data on Americans' social backgrounds, enduring political predispositions, social and political values, perceptions and evaluations of groups and candidates, opinions on questions of public policy, and participation in political life. The 1996 National Election Study contains both pre- and post-election components. The Pre-Election Survey includes interviews in which approximately 77 percent of the cases are comprised of impanelled respondents first interviewed in either AMERICAN NATIONAL ELECTION STUDY, 1992: PRE- AND POST-ELECTION SURVEY [ENHANCED WITH 1990 AND 1991 DATA] (ICPSR 6067) or in AMERICAN NATIONAL ELECTION STUDY, 1994: POST-ELECTION SURVEY [ENHANCED WITH 1992 AND 1993 DATA] (ICPSR 6507). The other 23 percent of the pre-election cases are a freshly drawn cross-section sample. Of the 1,714 citizens interviewed during the pre-election stage, 1,534 (89.5 percent) also participated in the Post-Election Survey (1,197 of these were panel cases and 337 were cross-section). The content of the 1996 Election Study reflects its dual function, both as the traditional presidential election year time-series data collection and as a panel study. Substantive themes presented in the 1996 questionnaires included interest in topics such as political campaigns, evaluations of the political parties, knowledge of and evaluation of presidential and House candidates, political participation (including turnout in the presidential primaries and in the November general election and other forms of electoral campaign activity), and vote choice for president, the United States House of Representatives, and the United States Senate, including second choice for president. Additional items focused on perceptions of personal and national economic well-being, positions on social welfare issues like the role of government in the provision of jobs and a good standard of living), positions on social issues (including abortion, women's roles, and prayer in the schools), racial and ethnic stereotypes, opinions on affirmative action, attitudes toward immigrants, opinions about the nation's most important problem, political predispositions, social altruism, social connectedness, feeling thermometers on a wide range of political figures and political groups, affinity with various social groups, and detailed demographic information and measures of religious affiliation and religiosity. Previous updates added a core battery of campaign-related items in the pre-election wave to better understand the dynamics of congressional campaigns, several questions related to issue importance and uncertainty both in relation to respondents and to candidates, an eight-minute module of questions developed by a consortium of electoral scholars from 52 polities to facilitate comparative analysis of political attitudes and voting behavior, and a measure of exposure to entertainment programs as an indirect measure of exposure to campaign advertisements. Additional items from previous updates concerned social issues, the environment, like air quality and the safety of drinking water, and the media. The fifth version of the data adds an auxiliary file consisting of merged data on group membership previously found in 1996 Pre-Post releases. In addition, the documentation for variable V961454, included in both the new Auxiliary file and in the 1996 Pre-Post file, was incorrect. The variable information has been corrected in the codebooks and variable labels for the Auxiliary File but not corrected in the 1996 Pre-Post codebook or variable labels.
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