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County Business Patterns (CBP) is an annual series that provides subnational economic data by industry for businesses with paid employees within the U.S., Puerto Rico, and Island Areas (Guam, American Samoa, the Commonwealth of the Northern Mariana Islands, and the U.S. Virgin Islands) at a detailed geography and industry level. This program is authorized under the United States Code, Titles 13 and 26. This series includes the number of establishments, employment during the week of March 12, first quarter payroll, and annual payroll. Data reported are for activities occurring during the reference year. CBP has been published annually since 1964; similar data were reported for various periods since 1946.

Statistics are available on business establishments at the U.S. level and by State, County, Metropolitan area, ZIP Code, and Congressional District Levels. Data for Puerto Rico and the Island Areas are available at the State and county equivalent levels. CBP covers most NAICS industries excluding crop and animal production; rail transportation; National Postal Service; pension, health, welfare, and vacation funds; trusts, estates, and agency accounts; private households; and public administration. CBP also excludes most establishments reporting government employees. Precautions are taken to avoid disclosing the operations of an individual employer.

Arts, entertainment, and recreation (NAICS Code 71)

• Performing arts, spectator sports, and related industries
• Museums, historical sites, zoos, and parks
• Amusement parks, gambling, and recreation

Professional, scientific, and technical services (NAICS Code 54)

• Architectural services
• Graphic design services
• Photographic services

Retail trade (NAICS Code 44-45)

• Sporting goods, hobby, book, and music stores
• Book, periodical, and music stores
• Art dealers

This data collection is useful for studying the economic activity of small areas; analyzing economic changes over time; and as a benchmark for other statistical series, surveys, and databases between economic censuses. Businesses use the data for analyzing market potential, measuring the effectiveness of sales and advertising programs, setting sales quotas, and developing budgets. Government agencies use the data for administration and planning.

The Economic Census is the United States Government's official five-year measure of American business and the economy. It is conducted by the U.S. Census Bureau, and response is required by law. Every 5 years starting in 1977, forms are sent out to millions of businesses, including large, medium and small companies representing all U.S. locations and industries. Respondents were asked to provide a range of operational and performance data for their companies.

The Economic Census provides data for several arts-related NAICS industries, including the following:

Arts, entertainment, and recreation (NAICS Code 71)

• Performing arts companies
• Spectator sports
• Promoters of performing arts, sports, and similar events
• Independent artists, writers, and performers
• Museums, historical sites, and similar institutions
• Amusement parks and arcades

Professional, scientific, and technical services (NAICS Code 54)

• Architectural services
• Graphic Design Services
• Landscape architectural services
• Photographic services

Retail trade (NAICS Code 44-45)

• Sporting goods, hobby, and musical instrument stores
• Sewing, needlework, and piece goods stores
• Book stores
• Art dealers

Some industries are not covered by the economic census. View a full list here.

Data from the Economic Census is important for industries, communities, and businesses. Trade associations, chambers of commerce, and businesses rely on this information for economic development, business decisions, and strategic planning. Government agencies, analysts, and business organizations nationwide also rely on census information for planning and key economic reports.

The Job Openings and Labor Turnover Survey (JOLTS) is a monthly survey conducted in the United States that has been developed to address the need for data on job openings, hires, and separations. The data provided by JOLTS serve as demand-side indicators of labor shortages at the national level. Data from a sample of approximately 16,000 U.S. business establishments are collected by the Bureau of Labor Statistics through the Atlanta JOLTS Data Collection Center. The JOLTS survey covers all nonagricultural industries in the public and private sectors for the 50 States and the District of Columbia. JOLTS collects and shares data on Total Employment, Job Openings, Hires, Quits, Layoffs and Discharges, and Other Separations. JOLTS provides data from as far back as December 2000.

The JOLTS database allow users to extract data by industry based on the North American Industry Classification System (NAICS). Policymakers working in the arts and culture fields will find the data on the "Arts, entertainment, and recreation" industry (NAICS code 710000) of particular interest. JOLTS has over 760 data series related to the arts industry and continues to collect data on this industry every month.

The Longitudinal Employer-Household Dynamics (LEHD) program is part of the Center for Economic Studies at the U.S. Census Bureau. The LEHD program produces new public-use information combining federal, state and Census Bureau data on employers and employees under the Local Employment Dynamics (LED) Partnership. The LED Partnership works to provide economic indicators needed by state and local authorities.

LEHD provides access to the LED Extraction Tool which allows user to custom query data by firm characteristics. For research related to the arts, users can custom query the subset of data for firms considered part of the "Arts, Entertainment, and Recreation" industry.

The LEHD mission is to provide new dynamic information on workers, employers, and jobs with state-of-the-art confidentiality protections and no additional data collection burden. See this one-page document on LED for more information.

Nonemployer Statistics is an annual series that provides statistics on U.S. businesses with no paid employees or payroll, are subject to federal income taxes, and have receipts of $1,000 or more ($1 or more for the Construction sector). This program is authorized by the United States Code, Titles 13 and 26. Also, the collection provides data for approximately 450 North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) industries at the national, state, county, metropolitan statistical area, and combined statistical area geography levels. The majority of NAICS industries are included with some exceptions as follows: crop and animal production; investment funds, trusts, and other financial vehicles; management of companies and enterprises; and public administration. Data are also presented by Legal Form of Organization (LFO) (U.S. and state only) as filed with the Internal Revenue Service (IRS). Most nonemployers are self-employed individuals operating unincorporated businesses (known as sole proprietorships), which may or may not be the owner's principal source of income.

Nonemployers Statistics features nonemployers in several arts-related industries and occupations, including the following:

Arts, entertainment, and recreation (NAICS Code 71)

• Performing arts companies
• Spectator sports
• Promoters of performing arts, sports, and similar events
• Independent artists, writers, and performers
• Museums, historical sites, and similar institutions
• Amusement parks and arcades

Professional, scientific, and technical services (NAICS Code 54)

• Architectural services
• Landscape architectural services
• Photographic services

Retail trade (NAICS Code 44-45)

• Sporting goods, hobby, and musical instrument stores
• Sewing, needlework, and piece goods stores
• Book stores
• Art dealers

Nonemployer Statistics data originate from statistical information obtained through business income tax records that the Internal Revenue Service (IRS) provides to the Census Bureau. The data are processed through various automated and analytical review to eliminate employers from the tabulation, correct and complete data items, remove anomalies, and validate geography coding and industry classification. Prior to publication, the noise infusion method is applied to protect individual businesses from disclosure. Noise infusion was first applied to Nonemployer Statistics in 2005. Prior to 2005, data were suppressed using the complementary cell suppression method. For more information on the coverage and methods used in Nonemployer Statistics, refer to NES Methodology.

The majority of all business establishments in the United States are nonemployers, yet these firms average less than 4 percent of all sales and receipts nationally. Due to their small economic impact, these firms are excluded from most other Census Bureau business statistics (the primary exception being the Survey of Business Owners). The Nonemployers Statistics series is the primary resource available to study the scope and activities of nonemployers at a detailed geographic level. For complementary statistics on the firms that do have paid employees, refer to the County Business Patterns. Additional sources of data on small businesses include the Economic Census, and the Statistics of U.S. Businesses.

The annual Nonemployer Statistics data are available approximately 18 months after each reference year. Data for years since 2002 are published via comma-delimited format (csv) for spreadsheet or database use, and in the American FactFinder (AFF). For help accessing the data, please refer to the Data User Guide.

The Quarterly Census of Employment and Wages (QCEW) program is a cooperative program involving the Bureau of Labor Statistics (BLS) of the United States Department of Labor and the State Employment Security Agencies (SESAs). The QCEW program produces a comprehensive tabulation of employment and wage information for workers covered by State unemployment insurance (UI) laws and Federal workers covered by the Unemployment Compensation for Federal Employees (UCFE) program. Publicly available data files include information on the number of establishments, monthly employment, and quarterly wages, by NAICS industry, by county, by ownership sector, for the entire United States. These data are aggregated to annual levels, to higher industry levels (NAICS industry groups, sectors, and supersectors), and to higher geographic levels (national, State, and Metropolitan Statistical Area (MSA)). To download and analyze QCEW data, users can begin on the QCEW Databases page. Downloadable data are available in formats such as text and CSV.

Data for the QCEW program that are classified using the North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) are available from 1990 forward, and on a more limited basis from 1975 to 1989. These data provide employment and wage information for arts-related NAICS industries, such as:

• Performing arts and spectator sports
• Museums, historical sites, zoos, and parks
• Amusements, gambling, and recreation

• Architectural services
• Graphic design services
• Photographic services

• Sporting goods, hobby, book and music stores
• Book, periodical, and music stores
• Art dealers

For years 1975-2000, data for the QCEW program provide employment and wage information for arts-related industries are based on the Standard Industrial Classification (SIC) system. These arts-related SIC industries include the following:

• Book stores (SIC 5942)
• Commercial photography (SIC Code 7335)
• Commercial art and graphic design (SIC Code 7336)
• Museums, Botanical, Zoological Gardens (SIC Code 84)
• Dance studios, schools, and halls (SIC Code 7911)
• Theatrical producers and services (SIC Code 7922)
• Sports clubs, managers, & promoters (SIC Code 7941)
• Motion Picture Services (SIC Code 78)

The QCEW program serves as a near census of monthly employment and quarterly wage information by 6-digit NAICS industry at the national, state, and county levels. At the national level, the QCEW program provides employment and wage data for almost every NAICS industry. At the State and area level, the QCEW program provides employment and wage data down to the 6-digit NAICS industry level, if disclosure restrictions are met.

Employment data under the QCEW program represent the number of covered workers who worked during, or received pay for, the pay period including the 12th of the month. Excluded are members of the armed forces, the self-employed, proprietors, domestic workers, unpaid family workers, and railroad workers covered by the railroad unemployment insurance system. Wages represent total compensation paid during the calendar quarter, regardless of when services were performed. Included in wages are pay for vacation and other paid leave, bonuses, stock options, tips, the cash value of meals and lodging, and in some States, contributions to deferred compensation plans (such as 401(k) plans). The QCEW program does provide partial information on agricultural industries and employees in private households.

Data from the QCEW program serve as an important source for many BLS programs. The QCEW data are used as the benchmark source for employment by the Current Employment Statistics program and the Occupational Employment Statistics program. The UI administrative records collected under the QCEW program serve as a sampling frame for BLS establishment surveys.

In addition, data from the QCEW program serve as a source to other Federal and State programs. The Bureau of Economic Analysis (BEA) of the Department of Commerce uses QCEW data as the base for developing the wage and salary component of personal income. The Employment and Training Administration (ETA) of the Department of Labor and the SESAs use QCEW data to administer the employment security program. The QCEW data accurately reflect the extent of coverage of the State UI laws and are used to measure UI revenues; national, State and local area employment; and total and UI taxable wage trends.

The Statistics of U.S. Businesses (SUSB) provides detailed annual data for all U.S. business establishments with paid employees by geography, industry, and enterprise size. This program covers all NAICS industries except crop and animal production; rail transportation; National Postal Service; pension, health, welfare, and vacation funds; trusts, estates, and agency accounts; private households; and public administration. The SUSB also excludes most government employees. Further, SUSB data for years 1988-1997 were tabulated based on the Standard Industrial Classification (SIC) system.

The SUSB features several arts-related NAICS industries, including the following:

Arts, entertainment, and recreation (NAICS Code 71)

• Performing arts companies
• Spectator sports
• Promoters of performing arts, sports, and similar events
• Independent artists, writers, and performers
• Museums, historical sites, and similar institutions
• Amusement parks and arcades

• Architectural services
• Graphic Design Services
• Landscape architectural services
• Photographic services

• Sporting goods, hobby, and musical instrument stores
• Sewing, needlework, and piece goods stores
• Book stores
• Art dealers

Also, the SUSB features several arts related SIC industries, including the following:

• Commercial photography (SIC Code 7335)
• Commercial art and graphic design (SIC Code 7336)
• Museums and art galleries (SIC Code 8412)
• Dance studios, schools, and halls (SIC Code 7911)
• Theatrical producers and services (SIC Code 7922)
• Sports clubs, managers, & promoters (SIC Code 7941)
• Motion Picture Production & Services (SIC Code 7810)

Data compiled for the SUSB are extracted from the Business Register (BR). The BR contains continuously updated data from the Census Bureau's economic censuses and currently business surveys, quarterly and annual Federal tax records and other department and federal statistics. SUSB data are available approximately 24 months after each reference year and are available for the United States, each state, and Metropolitan Statistical Areas (MSA). The annual SUSB consist of number of firms, number of establishments, annual payroll, and employment during the week of March 12. In addition, estimated receipts data are included for years ending in 2 and 7. Dynamic data, which are created from the Business Information Tracking Series (BITS), consist of the number of establishments and corresponding employment change for births, deaths, expansions, and contractions.

The SUSB is important because it provides the only source of annual, complete, and consistent enterprise-level data for U.S. businesses, with industry detail. Private businesses use the data for market research, strategic business planning, and managing sales territories. State and local governments, as well as, budget, economic development, and planning offices use the data to assess business changes, develop fiscal policies, and plan future policies and programs. In addition, the data are the standard reference source for small business statistics.

Users can view the latest SUSB annual data and employment change data on the main SUSB page. For more detailed industry and employment size classes, users can download additional data in comma-delimited format. Annual data are tabulated back to 1988 and employment change data back to 1989-1990. Data users can find news and updates about the SUSB data via the News & Updates section.

The Survey of Income and Program Participation (SIPP) is a longitudinal survey that provides comprehensive information about income and assistance program participation of individuals and households in the United States. The survey collects data and measures changes in characteristics like economic well-being, family dynamics, education, assets, health insurance, child care, and food security.

SIPP data tables provide wealth and debt measures at the nation and state levels. National estimates offer detailed wealth and debt statistics for a variety of demographic, social and household characteristics. These measures include information on major contributors to wealth such as home equity and retirement accounts, as well as common types of debt such as vehicle debt, credit card debt and student loans. The state-level data highlight household net worth estimates at the state level broken down by selected asset and debt categories.

Arts and Entertainment industries tracked by SIPP:

• 8561. Performing Arts Companies
• 8562. Spectator Sports
• 8563. Promoters of performing arts, sports, and similar events, agents and managers for artists, athletes, entertainers, and other public figures
• 8564. Independent artists, writers, and performers
• 8570. Museums, art galleries, historical sites, and similar institutions

The SIPP also contains measures of whether one's children take lessons after school (ELESSON), attend religious services or events (ERELIG), or play on a sports team (ESPORT) in the Child Well-being subtopic area.

The data are accompanied by supporting materials such as data dictionaries, an online codebook and an updated users' guide. For more information about SIPP data available through ICPSR, see the Survey of Income and Program Participation (SIPP) Series.