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Curated

Center for Research on Social Reality [Spain] Survey, July 1991: Economic Attitudes and Behavior (ICPSR 9896)

Released/updated on: 1993-02-12

Geographic coverage: Europe, Global, Spain

This data collection is part of a continuing series of semi-monthly surveys of individuals in Spain. Each survey consists of three sections. The first section collects information on respondents' attitudes regarding personal and national issues. This section includes questions on level of life satisfaction and frequency of relationships, as well as a rating of the importance of national issues. The second section varies according to the monthly topic, with this survey's topics focusing on economic attitudes and behavior. Among the issues investigated are the respondent's opinion about strikes, manager-worker relations, potential solutions to unemployment, state intervention in different economic sectors, and evaluation of different tax policies for different economic groups. Other items include the respondent's economic status five years ago and one year ago compared to the present, household budgeting, Spain's present and possible future economic situation, perspectives on next year's economy given Spain's integration into the European Economic Community, and attitudes toward consumer rights. The third section collects demographic data such as sex, age, religion, income, and place of residence.

Curated

Central and Eastern Eurobarometer 1990-1997: Trends CEEB 1-8 (ICPSR 4153)

Released/updated on: 2005-10-26

Geographic coverage: Romania, Hungary, Georgia (Republic), Europe, Ukraine, Moldova, Belarus, Kazakhstan, Global, Russia, Armenia, Czech Republic, Latvia, Yugoslavia, Poland, Macedonia, Slovenia, Slovakia, Bulgaria, Lithuania, Germany, Croatia, Estonia

The Central and Eastern Eurobarometer (CEEB) survey series was carried out on behalf of the European Commission (DG X) between 1990 and 1997 under the direction of Karlheinz Reif (until 1995) and George Cunningham. Administered once per year, the CEEB surveys monitored economic and political change and attitudes toward Europe and the European Union in countries of the region, including Albania, Armenia, Belarus, Bulgaria, Croatia, Czechoslovakia/Czech Republic, Estonia, GDR/Eastern Germany, Georgia, Hungary, Kazakhstan, Latvia, Lithuania, Macedonia/FYROM, Moldova, Poland, Romania, European Russia/Russian Federation, Slovakia, Slovenia, Ukraine, and Yugoslavia. This data collection was compiled from the original eight CEEB surveys and consists of 280 selected trend variables (including some demographic and technical variables) representing 49 trend questions. Trend variables were chosen through an iterative selection process that started with the European Commission's definition of "Trend" questions and included variables that already had been asked in the past surveys at least three times (years) in identical or similar wording. Harmonization of some of these variables was necessary. The general scope of the information gathered pertained to attitudes toward the European Commission, current political and economic questions of the country, and evaluation of democratic and economic reforms. Specific topics included judgment on the general political and economic development of the country, expected development of the economic situation, judgment on one's own financial situation, attitude to the market economy, frequency of political discussions, judgment on economic reforms, satisfaction with democracy, human rights, feeling like a European, attitude to European unification, most important source of information about the EC, EU membership, desired point in time for the country to join the EC, NATO membership, benefits of EU relationship, and left-right self placement. Background variables include age, education level, occupation, right to vote, voting intention, party voted for, size of household, income, national background, native language, region, and size of community.

Curated

Central and Eastern Euro-barometer 1: Public Opinion in Central and Eastern Europe, 1990 (ICPSR 6104)

Released/updated on: 2005-04-15

Geographic coverage: Hungary, Georgia (Republic), Ukraine, Moldova, Belarus, Global, Russia, Armenia, Czech Republic, Latvia, Poland, Slovakia, Bulgaria, Lithuania, Germany, Estonia

Time period: 1990-01-01--1991-01-01

This first round of Central and Eastern Euro-Barometer Surveys was undertaken during the reunification of Germany and after the announcement of independence by several Soviet states and the realignment of governments in Poland, Czechoslovakia, and Bulgaria. In an atmosphere of changed relations among the nations of Eastern and Western Europe, this survey attempted to assess Central and Eastern Europeans' awareness of and attitudes toward the European Community, its programs and activities, and issues facing all European nations. It also explored citizens' reactions to the political and economic reforms occurring in their own countries. Surveys were carried out in Czechoslovakia, Hungary, Poland, Bulgaria, and the German Democratic Republic, as well as in the former Soviet Union. The Soviet Union samples were obtained from the Greater Moscow area and from the republics of Estonia, Latvia, Lithuania, Belarus, Ukraine, Moldova, Georgia, Armenia, and Russia west of the Ural Mountains. In all surveys comprising Euro-Barometer 1, demographic data usually included the respondent's age, sex, level of education, family size, income, occupation, marital status, and religious denomination. In some places, mother tongue and self-described left-right political placement were also ascertained. In most countries, respondents were asked how they felt things were going in their country in general, how well their country's economy and their own finances had fared over the past year, whether they thought the establishment of a free market economy was right or wrong, and whether economic reforms and privatization were occurring too rapidly or too slowly. Satisfaction with the development of democracy and with their own place in their political systems was assessed. In some countries, respondents were asked about their intention to vote in the next general election. Respondents in all countries were asked how frequently they thought of themselves as European, and about their level of trust toward citizens of other European countries. They expressed opinions for or against the reunification of Germany and the unification of Western Europe. They were also asked to indicate how aware they were of, and how interested in, the European Community and its activities and institutions, and to rate how positively they regarded the European Community and the prospect of their country's membership in the Community. Country-specific questions were asked regarding sources of information about the European Community. Several items concerned respondents' reliance on various types of information media, including foreign broadcasts. Participants were also asked about how the economy, government, and private citizens might be advantaged or disadvantaged by their country's increasing ties with the European Community.

Curated

Central and Eastern Euro-barometer 2: Current Affairs and the Media, September-October 1991 (ICPSR 6105)

Released/updated on: 2005-04-29

Geographic coverage: Czech Republic, Latvia, Romania, Hungary, Europe, Poland, Bulgaria, Lithuania, Global, Russia, Estonia, Albania

The second round of Central and Eastern Euro-Barometer Surveys was carried out in Albania, Bulgaria, Czechoslovakia, Estonia, Hungary, Latvia, Lithuania, Poland, Romania, and European Russia. It assessed Central and Eastern Europeans' awareness of and attitudes toward the European Community (EC) and its programs and activities. In addition, the survey asked respondents to give opinions on a number of issues of importance to all European nations. It also explored citizens' reactions to the political and economic reforms occurring in their own countries. Respondents were asked whether things in general were going in the right or wrong direction in their country, and whether economic reforms and privatization were occurring too fast or too slowly. Other questions probed for how well individuals felt their country's economy and their own finances had fared over the past year, and how well they would fare over the coming year. Opinions were sought on whether the establishment of a free market economy was right or wrong. The survey asked respondents how satisfied they were with the development of democracy in their country, and whether they intended to vote in the next general election. It also elicited opinions on the degree of respect for human rights in the respondent's country. Other questions asked how frequently respondents thought of themselves as European, and whether they had considered going to work in a country in Western Europe. A series of items focused on general usage of television, radio, and newspapers, and on trust in various forms of information media, including broadcasts from the West. Several country-specific questions were asked about sources of information on the European Community. Respondents were also asked to indicate how aware they were of, and how interested in, the European Community and its activities and institutions, and to rate how positively they regarded the EC and the prospect of their country's membership in it. Participants were also asked about how the economy, government, and private citizens might be advantaged or disadvantaged by the country's increasing ties with the EC. Opinions were sought on the fairness of the Community's and other countries' trade and assistance policies, especially the PHARE assistance program for Central and Eastern Europe, and EC aid requested by the former Soviet Union. Respondents were asked to rate the usefulness of EC initiatives in Yugoslavia and its republics if they were aware of them. Respondents' views were also obtained on the break-up of the Soviet republics. Demographic data collected on each participant included age, education, occupation, religion, ethnic background, mother-tongue, citizenship, union membership, left/right political placement, sex, and income. A brief section, not asked in Albania, obtained data on lifestyle characteristics, such as household appliances and machines, recreation and hobby activities, and optimistic or pessimistic attitudes.

Curated

Central and Eastern Euro-barometer 3: Political Disintegration, October-November 1992 (ICPSR 6106)

Released/updated on: 2005-05-23

Geographic coverage: Romania, Hungary, Georgia (Republic), Europe, Ukraine, Moldova, Belarus, Global, Russia, Albania, Armenia, Czech Republic, Latvia, Poland, Macedonia, Slovenia, Bulgaria, Lithuania, Estonia

Time period: 1992-10-30--1992-11-17

This round of Central and Eastern Euro-Barometer Surveys focused on public support for the European Community (EC) and on attitudes toward political and economic reforms and other issues facing Europe. Respondents were asked whether they felt their country was going in the right direction in general, how well their country's economy and their own finances had fared over the past year, whether they thought the establishment of a free market economy was right or wrong, and whether economic reforms and privatization were occurring too fast or too slowly. Satisfaction with the development of democracy and with their own place in their political system was assessed, as was intention to vote in the next general election. A series of questions elicited opinions on the respect for human rights in one's own country and on the situation for minority rights. Several items concerned respondents' trust in various forms of information media, including broadcasts from the West. Respondents were asked how frequently they thought of themselves as European. They were also asked to indicate how aware they were of, and how interested in, the European Community and its activities and institutions, and to rate how positively they regarded the European Community and the prospect of their country's membership in the Community. Country-specific questions were asked regarding sources of information about the European Community. Participants were also asked about how the economy, government, and private citizens might be advantaged or disadvantaged by the country's increasing ties with the European Community. The survey explored the prospect of future alignments with the United States, the European Community, other East European countries, other (non-EC) European countries, Russia, Turkey, Japan, and South Korea. Opinions were sought on the fairness of European Community and other countries' trade and assistance policies. In addition, respondents' views were obtained on the break-up of European nations, their personal likelihood of emigration to other European countries, and the effectiveness of the United Nations and other international organizations' intervention in the former Yugoslavia. A few of these questions were asked of a small sample of persons in Serbia and Croatia. Demographic data collected on each participant include age, education, occupation, religion, ethnic background, mother tongue, citizenship, union membership, left/right political placement, sex, and income.

Curated

Central and Eastern Euro-barometer 4: Political and Economic Change, November 1993 (ICPSR 6466)

Released/updated on: 2005-06-09

Geographic coverage: Romania, Hungary, Europe, Ukraine, Belarus, Global, Russia, Albania, Armenia, Czech Republic, Latvia, Poland, Macedonia, Slovenia, Slovakia, Bulgaria, Lithuania, Estonia

Time period: 1993-11-01--1993-12-05

The fourth round of Central and Eastern Euro-Barometer surveys was carried out in Albania, Armenia, Belarus, Bulgaria, the Czech Republic, Estonia, Hungary, Latvia, Lithuania, the former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia (FYROM), Poland, Romania, European Russia, Slovakia, Slovenia, and Ukraine. The surveys assessed public support for the European Union as well as for political and economic change by asking respondents to comment on conditions within their own countries, the financial situation of their households as compared to 12 months ago and their expectations for the next year, and their attitudes toward a market economy, general economic reforms, and the process of privatizing state enterprises. Respondents were also queried about their level of satisfaction with the way democracy was developing in their country, how much respect there was for human rights, and the nations or organizations they felt the future of their country was most closely tied to. Demographic data collected on participants varied from country to country and included information such as age of the household head, education, age when education finished, occupation, marital status, employment status, religion, mother tongue, ethnic background, vote intention, political party preference, union membership, left/right political placement, sex, household composition, region, and income.

Curated

Central and Eastern Euro-barometer 5: European Union, November 1994 (ICPSR 6656)

Released/updated on: 2005-06-22

Geographic coverage: Romania, Hungary, Georgia (Republic), Europe, Ukraine, Belarus, Kazakhstan, Global, Russia, Albania, Armenia, Czech Republic, Latvia, Poland, Macedonia, Slovenia, Slovakia, Bulgaria, Lithuania, Estonia

Time period: 1994-11-04--1994-11-28

The fifth round of Central and Eastern Euro-Barometer surveys was carried out in Albania, Armenia, Belarus, Bulgaria, the Czech Republic, Estonia, Macedonia, Georgia, Hungary, Kazakhstan, Latvia, Lithuania, Poland, Romania, Russia, Slovakia, Slovenia, and the Ukraine. Respondents were asked questions that appeared in earlier surveys in this series. These included items on whether respondents felt that things in their country were going in the right or wrong direction, how the financial situation of their household had changed in the last year and how it might change in the next year, how they felt about the creation of a free market economy, how economic reforms were going in their country, how satisfied they were with the way democracy was developing, and how much respect there now was for human rights. They were also asked about their impressions of the aims and activities of the European Community after its name was changed to the European Union (EU), which countries they believed their future was most closely tied to, whether or not their country or the European Union benefited most from the current relationship, their main sources of information about the activities of the EU, and which groups within their societies would likely benefit or lose out as ties between their country and the EU increased. Demographic data collected on participants include information on the respondent's age, highest level of education completed, occupation, voting status, nationality/ethnic background, voting intentions, sex, region, and income.

Curated

Central and Eastern Eurobarometer 6: Economic and Political Trends, October-November 1995 (ICPSR 6835)

Released/updated on: 2005-07-06

Geographic coverage: Romania, Hungary, Georgia (Republic), Europe, Ukraine, Belarus, Kazakhstan, Global, Russia, Albania, Armenia, Czech Republic, Latvia, Asia, Poland, Macedonia, Slovenia, Slovakia, Bulgaria, Lithuania, Croatia, Estonia

Time period: 1995-10-30--1995-11-29

The sixth round of Central and Eastern Eurobarometer surveys was carried out in Albania, Armenia, Belarus, Bulgaria, Croatia, the Czech Republic, Estonia, Macedonia, Georgia, Hungary, Kazakhstan, Latvia, Lithuania, Poland, Romania, Russia, Slovakia, Slovenia, and the Ukraine. Respondents were asked questions that appeared in earlier surveys in this series. These included items on whether respondents felt that things in their country were going in the right or wrong direction, how the financial situation of their household had changed in the last year and how it might change in the next year, how they felt about the creation of a free market economy, and how economic reforms were going in their country. Respondents were also asked how satisfied they were with the way democracy was developing, how much respect there now was for human rights, their impressions of the aims and activities of the European Community after its name was changed to the European Union, which countries they believed their future was most closely tied to, whether their country or the European Union benefited most from the current relationship, their main sources of information about the activities of the Union, and which groups within their societies would likely benefit or lose out as ties between their country and the Union increased. Additional topics covered the specific reasons behind the respondents' impressions of the aims and activities of the European Union and their knowledge of the "PHARE" and "TACIS" programs. Respondents also predicted how they would vote if a referendum were held the next day on the questions of membership of the European Union and membership of NATO, and which party or block they would vote for if a general election were held in their country. Demographic data collected on participants include respondent's age, highest level of education completed, occupation, voting status, mother tongue and knowledge of other languages, nationality/ethnic background, sex, region, size of locality, and income.

Curated

Central and Eastern Eurobarometer 7: Status of the European Union, October-November 1996 (ICPSR 2296)

Released/updated on: 2005-07-29

Geographic coverage: Romania, Hungary, Georgia (Republic), Europe, Ukraine, Belarus, Kazakhstan, Global, Russia, Albania, Armenia, Czech Republic, Latvia, Yugoslavia, Asia, Poland, Macedonia, Slovenia, Slovakia, Bulgaria, Lithuania, Croatia, Estonia

Time period: 1996-10-25--1996-11-30

The seventh round of Central and Eastern Eurobarometer surveys was carried out in Albania, Armenia, Belarus, Bulgaria, Croatia, the Czech Republic, Estonia, Macedonia, Georgia, Hungary, Kazakhstan, Latvia, Lithuania, Poland, Romania, Russia, Slovakia, Slovenia, Ukraine, and Yugoslavia. Respondents were asked questions that appeared in earlier surveys in this series. These included items on whether respondents felt that things in their country were going in the right or wrong direction, how the financial situation of their household had changed in the last year and how it might change in the next year, how they felt about the creation of a free market economy, how economic reforms were going in their country, how satisfied they were with the way democracy was developing, and how much respect there now was for human rights. Respondents were also queried regarding their impressions of the aims and activities of the European Community after its name was changed to the European Union, which countries they believed their future was most closely tied to, whether their country or the European Union benefited most from the current relationship, their main sources of information about the activities of the Union, and which groups within their societies would likely benefit or lose out as ties between their country and the Union increased. Respondents also provided specific reasons behind their impressions of the aims and activities of the European Union and stated how they would vote if a referendum were held the next day on the questions of membership of the European Union and membership of NATO. Respondents were also asked which party or block they would vote for if a general election were held in their country. Demographic data collected on respondents covers age, highest level of education completed, occupation, voting status, mother tongue and knowledge of other languages, nationality/ethnic background, sex, region, size of locality, and income.

Curated

Central and Eastern Eurobarometer 8: Public Opinion and the European Union, October-November 1997 (ICPSR 2624)

Released/updated on: 2005-08-04

Geographic coverage: Czech Republic, Latvia, Romania, Hungary, Europe, Poland, Slovenia, Slovakia, Bulgaria, Lithuania, Global, Estonia

Time period: 1997-10-31--1997-11-25

The eighth round of Central and Eastern Eurobarometer surveys was carried out in Bulgaria, the Czech Republic, Estonia, Hungary, Latvia, Lithuania, Poland, Romania, Slovakia, and Slovenia. Respondents were asked many questions that appeared in earlier surveys in this series. These included items on whether respondents felt that things in their country were going in the right or wrong direction, how satisfied they were with the way democracy was developing and how it was working in their country, and how much respect there now was for human rights. Respondents were also asked to identify the flags of different countries and organizations, to provide their impressions of the aims and activities of the European Union (EU), and to comment on which countries they believed their future was most closely tied to, how they would vote if referenda on the question of their country's membership in the EU and in NATO were held tomorrow, and the main reasons for their votes. Additional questions focused on which groups within their societies would likely benefit or lose out as ties between their country and the EU increased, whether their country or the EU itself benefited the most from the current relationship between the two, the ways they might hear about the activities of the EU, and if they wanted to learn more about what the EU was doing on a variety of economic and social issues. New questions explored whether respondents had ever heard of the United Nations, the European Union, or the Council of Europe, and whether they would be more or less likely to vote for EU membership if their country had first joined NATO. Demographic information collected on respondents covers sex, age, highest level of education completed, occupation, voting status, mother tongue and knowledge of other languages, which party they would vote for should there be a general election held tomorrow, nationality/ethnic background, region of residence, size of locality, and income.

Curated

Demand for Divisia Money in a Core Monetary Union (ICPSR 1179)

Released/updated on: 1998-10-06

Geographic coverage: Europe

Proponents of an aggregation-theoretic approach to money demand argue that simple-sum measures do not capture the theoretical notion of money, especially for broad monetary aggregates. European monetary aggregation, which uses indices for monetary services, seems attractive because these indices can account for the imperfect substitutability between different currencies. This research applies the aggregation-theoretic framework to money holdings of European residents and compares the resulting index to simple-sum M3. The conclusion is that the Divisia index of European monetary services may provide additional insight into money demand during the period of transition to monetary union.

Curated

Economic Integration Agreements: Historical database of entry into Economic Integration Agreements, 1960-2000 (ICPSR 29762)

Released/updated on: 2011-05-17

Geographic coverage: Europe, Global

Time period: 1960-01-01--2000-01-01

This database is designed to allow users to quickly sort, file, and use information regarding the economic integration of bilateral country pairings. The primary resource is in the Excel file titled "Final Document June 30, 2009".

Curated

EMU: Will It Fly? (ICPSR 1165)

Released/updated on: 1998-08-27

Geographic coverage: Europe

The data examine the progress of the economic and monetary union (EMU) in the European Union.

Curated

Simple Crosstabs

Euro-Barometer 10.A: Scientific Priorities in the European Community, October/November, 1978 (ICPSR 7807)

Released/updated on: 2015-05-28

Geographic coverage: Netherlands, Great Britain, Belgium, Europe, Luxembourg, Ireland, Denmark, Italy, France, Germany, Global

Time period: 1978-10-01--1978-11-01

This round of Euro-Barometer surveys departed from the usual emphasis on the European Community and focused on public attitudes toward the role of science in modern life, the relationship between science and government, and respondents' future priorities in scientific research. The study is a supplement to EURO-BAROMETER 7: SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY IN THE EUROPEAN COMMUNITY, APRIL 1977 (ICPSR 7612) with many similar topics. The survey also includes standard demographic information for each respondent, such as occupation, age, and sex, as well as occupation of head of household, and composition of household. In addition to the survey itself, the ICPSR version of the study contains a constructed index on left-right partisan support. Euro-Barometer 10A contains data gathered from representative samples of respondents aged 15 or older interviewed in each of the nine nations of the EC (Germany, Great Britain, Denmark, Italy, France, Belgium, Luxembourg, Ireland, and the Netherlands) in October- November 1978.

Curated

Euro-barometer 10: National Priorities and the Institutions of Europe, October-November 1978 (ICPSR 7728)

Released/updated on: 1996-12-10

Geographic coverage: Netherlands, Great Britain, Belgium, Europe, Luxembourg, Ireland, Denmark, Italy, France, Germany, Global

Time period: 1978-10-01--1978-11-01

This round of Euro-Barometer surveys queried respondents on standard Euro-Barometer measures, such as how satisfied they were with their present life, whether they attempted to persuade others close to them to share their views on subjects they held strong opinions about, whether they discussed political matters, what their country's goals should be for the next ten years, and how they viewed the need for societal change. Additional questions focused on the respondents' knowledge of and opinions on the European Community (EC), including how well-informed they felt about the EC, what sources of information about the EC they used, whether their country had benefited from being an EC member, and the extent of their personal interest in EC matters. Another major focus of the surveys was on European institutions and on problems that respondents felt should be given political priority in the coming years. These issues were probed both in terms of their importance and in terms of whether the national governments or the European Community as a whole might better deal with them. Perceptions of recent changes in the extent of integration and understanding among the Common Market countries also were explored, as were attitudes toward the forthcoming European Parliamentary elections. Standard demographic information collected includes each respondent's religion, education, occupation, marital status, age, and sex, as well as the occupation of the head of household and the composition of the household. In addition to the survey itself, the ICPSR version of the study contains constructed indices on materialist/post-materialist values, left-right partisan vote, European Parliament partisan vote, and cognitive mobilization index (an indicator of an individual's potential to take an active role in the political process). Euro-Barometer 10 contains data gathered from representative samples of respondents aged 15 or older interviewed in each of the nine nations of the EC (Germany, Great Britain, Denmark, Italy, France, Belgium, Luxembourg, Ireland, and the Netherlands) in October-November 1978.

Curated

Euro-barometer 11: Year of the Child in Europe, April 1979 (ICPSR 7752)

Released/updated on: 1996-12-10

Geographic coverage: Netherlands, Great Britain, Belgium, Europe, Luxembourg, Ireland, Denmark, Italy, France, Germany, Global

This round of Euro-Barometer surveys queried respondents on standard Euro-Barometer measures, such as how satisfied they were with their present life, whether they attempted to persuade others close to them to share their views on subjects they held strong opinions about, whether they discussed political matters, what their country's goals should be for the next ten years, and how they viewed the need for societal change. Additional questions focused on the respondents' knowledge of and opinions on the European Community (EC), including how well-informed they felt about the EC, what sources of information about the EC they used, whether their country had benefited from being an EC member, and the extent of their personal interest in EC matters. Another major focus of the surveys was the Year of the Child in Europe in 1979. Respondents were asked about attitudes toward child-rearing, schooling issues, problems raising children, and opinions regarding changes in work schedules that would benefit families. Attitudes toward the forthcoming European Parliamentary elections in June 1979 were measured as well. Demographic data for each respondent includes educational level, occupation, marital status, age, and sex, as well as occupation of the head of household and composition of household. In addition to the survey itself, the ICPSR version of the study contains constructed indices on materialist/post-materialist values, left-right partisan preference, left-right partisan vote (for national parties), European Parliament partisan vote, European Community party group, and cognitive mobilization index (an indicator of an individual's potential to take an active role in the political process). Euro-Barometer 10 contains data gathered from representative samples of respondents aged 15 or older interviewed in each of the nine nations of the EC (Germany, Great Britain, Denmark, Italy, France, Belgium, Luxembourg, Ireland, and the Netherlands) in April 1979.

Curated

Euro-barometer 12: European Parliamentary Elections, October/November 1979 (ICPSR 7778)

Released/updated on: 1996-12-10

Geographic coverage: Netherlands, Great Britain, Belgium, Europe, Luxembourg, Ireland, Denmark, Italy, France, Germany, Global

Time period: 1979-10-01--1979-11-01

This round of Euro-Barometer surveys queried respondents on standard Euro-Barometer measures, such as how satisfied they were with their present life, whether they attempted to persuade others close to them to share their views on subjects they held strong opinions about, whether they discussed political matters, what their country's goals should be for the next ten years, and how they viewed the need for societal change. Additional questions focused on the respondents' knowledge of and opinions on the European Community (EC), including how well-informed they felt about the EC, what sources of information about the EC they used, whether their country had benefited from being an EC member, and the extent of their personal interest in EC matters. Another major focus of the surveys was on attitudes toward the institutions of the European Community in the wake of the European Parliamentary elections held on June 10-12, 1979. Respondents were asked how they voted in the elections. Their expectations of the elected Parliaments and of the future of the Common Market were explored by extending the set of questions that had been asked throughout the Euro-Barometer series on European integration and the respondents' political and party predispositions, as well as their interests in various political issues. Respondents were also asked about their satisfaction with their own national political systems. Standard demographic information collected includes respondents' religion, education, occupation, marital status, age and sex, as well as the occupation of the head of household and the composition of the household. In addition to the survey itself, the ICPSR version of the study contains constructed indices on materialist/post-materialist values, left-right partisan vote, European Parliament partisan vote, and cognitive mobilization index (an indicator of an individual's potential to take an active role in the political process). Euro-Barometer 10 contains data gathered from representative samples of respondents aged 15 or older interviewed in each of the nine nations of the EC (Germany, Great Britain, Denmark, Italy, France, Belgium, Luxembourg, Ireland, and the Netherlands) in October-November 1979.

Curated

Simple Crosstabs

Euro-barometer 13: Regional Development and Integration, April 1980 (ICPSR 7957)

Released/updated on: 2015-06-08

Geographic coverage: Europe, Portugal, Global, Spain, Greece, Netherlands, Great Britain, Belgium, Luxembourg, Ireland, Denmark, Italy, France, Germany

This round of Euro-Barometer surveys queried respondents on standard Euro-Barometer measures, such as how satisfied they were with their present life, whether they attempted to persuade others close to them to share their views on subjects they held strong opinions about, whether they discussed political matters, what their country's goals should be for the next ten years, and how they viewed the need for societal change. Additional questions focused on the respondents' knowledge of and opinions on the European Community (EC), including how well-informed they felt about the EC, what sources of information about the EC they used, whether their country had benefited from being an EC member, and the extent of their personal interest in EC matters. Another major focus of the surveys was regional development and integration. Respondents were asked questions about regional development within the EC and preferences for political and military ties with the United States, NATO, and the Eastern European bloc. Questions on the inclusion of Greece, Spain, and Portugal in the EC were also asked. Demographic information about the respondents includes age, sex, financial situation, age at completion of education, number of persons and children living in respondent's home, occupation, language spoken, religion, family income, marital status, age upon completion of full-time education, occupation of head of household, composition of household, number of people working at respondent's workplace, objective and subjective size of town, and region and province of interview. Indices are included as created by the original investigators. Euro-Barometer 13 contains data gathered from representative samples of respondents who were interviewed in each of the nine nations of the EC (Germany, Great Britain, Denmark, Italy, France, Belgium, Luxembourg, Ireland, and the Netherlands) in April 1980.

Curated

Simple Crosstabs

Euro-barometer 14: Trust in the European Community, October 1980 (ICPSR 7958)

Released/updated on: 2017-03-23

Geographic coverage: Greece, Netherlands, Great Britain, Belgium, Europe, Luxembourg, Ireland, Denmark, Italy, France, Germany, Global

This round of Euro-Barometer surveys queried respondents on standard Euro-Barometer measures, such as how satisfied they were with their present life, whether they attempted to persuade others close to them to share their views on subjects they held strong opinions about, whether they discussed political matters, what their country's goals should be for the next ten years, and how they viewed the need for societal change. Additional questions focused on the respondents' knowledge of and opinions on the European Community (EC). Another major focus of the surveys was trust in the European Community. Respondents were asked for their attitudes (on a scale of trustworthiness) toward citizens of each EC country as well as citizens of Japan, the United States, Portugal, Switzerland, Russia, and China. The survey also measured attitudes about political and military ties with the United States, NATO, and Japan. A series of questions asked only of Greek respondents measured opinions of the potential impact of entry into the EC on Greek industry, agriculture, commerce, tourism, employment, the standard of living, military security, democracy, relations with Turkey, and culture. Demographic information about respondents includes age, sex, marital status, age at completion of education, family income, number of persons and children living in respondent's home, income, occupation, size of town where respondent resides, and number of people working at respondent's workplace. Indices are included as created by the original investigators. Euro-Barometer 14 contains data gathered from representative samples of respondents who were interviewed in each of the nine nations of the EC (Germany, Great Britain, Denmark, Italy, France, Belgium, Luxembourg, Ireland, and the Netherlands) in October 1980. Additionally, in order to reflect the admission of Greece to the European Community in early 1980, the study included a Greek sample for the first time.

Curated

Simple Crosstabs

Euro-barometer 15: Membership in the European Community, April 1981 (ICPSR 7959)

Released/updated on: 2017-03-27

Geographic coverage: Greece, Netherlands, Great Britain, Belgium, Europe, Luxembourg, Ireland, Denmark, Italy, France, Germany, Global

This round of Euro-Barometer surveys queried respondents on standard Euro-Barometer measures, such as how satisfied they were with their present life, whether they attempted to persuade others close to them to share their views on subjects they held strong opinions about, and whether they discussed political matters. Additional questions focused on the respondents' knowledge of and opinions on the European Community (EC), including whether their country had benefited from being an EC member, and the extent of their personal interest in EC matters. Another major focus of the surveys was membership in the EC. Respondents were asked about the effects of EC membership on such matters as energy, employment, trade, tourism, and relations between nations. Respondents also were asked for opinions on various EC policies. Television viewing habits and interest in French culture were also measured for a subset of respondents in Great Britain, Germany, Belgium, Luxembourg, and Italy. Demographic information about respondents includes age, sex, marital status, number of persons and children living in respondent's home, family income, occupation, age upon completion of full-time education, occupation of head of household, left-right self placement, size of town where respondent lives, and number of people working at respondent's workplace. Indices are included as created by the original investigators. Euro-Barometer 15 contains data gathered from representative samples of respondents who were interviewed in each of the ten nations of the EC (Germany, Great Britain, Denmark, Italy, France, Belgium, Luxembourg, Ireland, the Netherlands, and Greece) in April 1981.

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Simple Crosstabs

Euro-Barometer 16: Noise and Other Social Problems, October 1981 (ICPSR 9022)

Released/updated on: 2017-03-27

Geographic coverage: Greece, Netherlands, Great Britain, Belgium, Europe, Luxembourg, Ireland, Denmark, Italy, France, Germany, Global

This round of Euro-Barometer surveys queried respondents on standard Euro-Barometer measures, such as how satisfied they were with their present life, whether they attempted to persuade others close to them to share their views on subjects they held strong opinions about, whether they discussed political matters, what their country's goals should be for the next ten years, and how they viewed the need for societal change. Additional questions focused on the respondents' knowledge of and opinions on the European Community (EC), including how well-informed they felt about the EC, what sources of information about the EC they used, whether their country had benefited from being an EC member, and the extent of their personal interest in EC matters. Another major focus of the surveys was noise and other social problems. Respondents were asked about the existence of and degree of disturbance caused by various traffic and street noises, mechanical noises, and noisy neighbors. A battery of questions about social and political issues also was asked, e.g., inequality of income, nuclear energy, terrorism, expansion of private industry, military defense, the economy, the environment, and regional autonomy. Demographic information about the respondents includes age, sex, religion, marital status, age upon completion of full-time education, occupation of head of household, composition of household, subjective size of town, and family income. Several constructed indices also are included. Euro-Barometer 16 contains data gathered from representative samples of respondents who were interviewed in each of the ten nations of the EC (Germany, Great Britain, Denmark, Italy, France, Belgium, Luxembourg, Ireland, the Netherlands, and Greece) in October 1981.

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Euro-Barometer 17: Energy and the Future, April 1982 (ICPSR 9023)

Released/updated on: 1996-12-10

Geographic coverage: Greece, Netherlands, Great Britain, Belgium, Europe, Luxembourg, Ireland, Denmark, Italy, France, Germany, Global

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Simple Crosstabs

Euro-barometer 18: Ecological Issues, October 1982 (ICPSR 9057)

Released/updated on: 2017-03-27

Geographic coverage: Greece, Netherlands, Great Britain, Belgium, Europe, Luxembourg, Ireland, Denmark, Italy, France, Germany, Global

This round of Euro-Barometer surveys queried respondents on standard Euro-Barometer measures, such as how satisfied they were with their present life, whether they attempted to persuade others close to them to share their views on subjects they held strong opinions about, whether they discussed political matters, what their country's goals should be for the next ten years, and how they viewed the need for societal change. Additional questions focused on the respondents' knowledge of and opinions on the European Community (EC), including how well-informed they felt about the EC, what sources of information about the EC they used, whether their country had benefited from being an EC member, and the extent of their personal interest in EC matters. Another major focus of this surveys was on respondents' concerns about various forms of pollution and ecological problems. Respondents also were asked about possible characteristics of a European television system. Their political orientation and level of political awareness and involvement were also measured, as well as their voting preference if general elections were to be held the next day in each country. Demographic information about the respondents includes age, sex, marital status, family income, age when completed education, occupation, number of people living in respondent's household, and province and region of interview. Euro-Barometer 18 contains data gathered from representative samples of respondents who were interviewed in each of the ten nations of the EC (Germany, Great Britain, Denmark, Italy, France, Belgium, Luxembourg, Ireland, the Netherlands, and Greece) in October 1982.

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Euro-barometer 19: Gender Roles in the European Community, April 1983 (ICPSR 8152)

Released/updated on: 1996-12-10

Geographic coverage: Greece, Netherlands, Great Britain, Belgium, Europe, Luxembourg, Ireland, Denmark, Italy, France, Germany, Global

This round of Euro-Barometer surveys queried respondents on standard Euro-Barometer measures, such as how satisfied they were with their present life, whether they attempted to persuade others close to them to share their views on subjects they held strong opinions about, and whether they discussed political matters. Additional questions focused on the respondents' knowledge of and opinions on the European Community (EC), including whether their country had benefited from being an EC member, and the extent of their personal interest in EC matters. Another major focus of the surveys was women's rights and the proper role of women in society, in politics, and in the workplace. Additional questions concerned respondents' knowledge about and attitudes toward the European Parliament. Other questions dealt with the respondents' current level of happiness, amount of national pride, group memberships, social activities, political involvement and attitudes, and sources of political information. Demographic data for each respondent includes sex, age, role of religion in political decisions, occupation of head of household, marital status, composition of household, family income, objective and subjective size of community, and province and region of interview. Several constructed indices also are included. Euro-Barometer 19 contains data gathered from representative samples of respondents who were interviewed in each of the ten nations of the EC (Germany, Great Britain, Denmark, Italy, France, Belgium, Luxembourg, Ireland, the Netherlands, and Greece) in April 1983.

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Euro-barometer 20: Aid to Developing Nations, October 1983 (ICPSR 8234)

Released/updated on: 1996-12-10

Geographic coverage: Greece, Netherlands, Great Britain, Belgium, Europe, Luxembourg, Ireland, Denmark, Italy, France, Germany, Global

This round of Euro-Barometer surveys queried respondents on standard Euro-Barometer measures, such as how satisfied they were with their present life, whether they attempted to persuade others close to them to share their views on subjects they held strong opinions about, whether they discussed political matters, what their country's goals should be for the next ten years, and how they viewed the need for societal change. Additional questions focused on the respondents' knowledge of and opinions on the European Community (EC), including how well-informed they felt about the EC, what sources of information about the EC they used, whether their country had benefited from being an EC member, and the extent of their personal interest in EC matters. Questions regarding European institutions focused particularly on the role of the European Parliament and the upcoming elections to that body. The survey elicited information on whether respondents would vote in the elections, their knowledge of the state of the European Parliament, and their opinions of the amount of power Parliament should hold. Another major focus of the surveys was aid to developing nations. Attitudes and perceptions concerning the Third World were extensively probed. Respondents were asked about their overall familiarity with national and international organizations that provide aid to Third World and developing countries and whether they would be willing to support those organizations. Demographic data for each respondent includes sex, age, occupation, marital status, occupation, party respondent would support if election were held tomorrow, composition of household, family income, objective and subjective size of community, and province and region of interview. Several constructed indices also are included, e.g., an indicator of an individual's potential to take an active role in the political process. Euro-Barometer 20 contains data gathered from representative samples of respondents who were interviewed in each of the ten nations of the EC (Germany, Great Britain, Denmark, Italy, France, Belgium, Luxembourg, Ireland, the Netherlands, and Greece) in October 1983.

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Euro-barometer 21: Political Cleavages in the European Community, April 1984 (ICPSR 8263)

Released/updated on: 1996-12-10

Geographic coverage: Greece, Netherlands, Great Britain, Belgium, Europe, Luxembourg, Ireland, Denmark, Italy, France, Germany, Global

This study explores public attitudes in the ten member nations of the European Economic Community. The monitoring of attitudes on European integration, life satisfaction, and social goals undertaken in previous Euro-Barometers was continued in this data collection. Respondents were asked questions regarding the European Community, specifically which nations they would prefer not be members of the Community. Respondents were also questioned concerning their consumer attitudes and buying habits, particularly concerning foreign products. German and British respondent attitudes toward present levels of government spending in a number of areas were also investigated. Additional questions, asked in Germany, France, Italy, the Netherlands and Great Britain, measure respondent support for various political movements, such as ecology and anti-nuclear groups.

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Euro-barometer 22: Energy Problems and the Atlantic Alliance, October 1984 (ICPSR 8364)

Released/updated on: 1996-12-10

Geographic coverage: Greece, Netherlands, Great Britain, Belgium, Europe, Luxembourg, Ireland, Denmark, Italy, France, Germany, Global

The dataset contains information on European integration, life satisfaction, and social goals, as well as respondent attitudes toward the June 1984 elections to the European Parliament and voting behavior in those elections. Respondents were also questioned extensively on energy-related issues, including such areas as reliability of other nations as suppliers of fuel, the ability of their own countries to meet their energy needs now and in the future, possible government action to meet those needs, opinions on alternative sources of energy, and the respondents' own patterns of energy consumption.

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Simple Crosstabs

Euro-barometer 23: The European Currency Unit and Working Conditions, April 1985 (ICPSR 8411)

Released/updated on: 2017-03-27

Geographic coverage: Greece, Netherlands, Great Britain, Belgium, Europe, Luxembourg, Ireland, Denmark, Italy, France, Germany, Global

The dataset contains information on European integration, life satisfaction, and social goals, as well as respondent attitudes toward the European Parliament. Attitudes towards the expansion of the European Economic Community were also probed, as well as opinions on the most necessary members in the event of European political unification. Respondents were also questioned extensively on the European Currency Unit, current and preferred working conditions, recent travel, and dealings with financial institutions.

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Euro-barometer 24: Entry of Spain and Portugal, October 1985 (ICPSR 8513)

Released/updated on: 1996-12-10

Geographic coverage: Europe, Portugal, Global, Spain, Greece, Netherlands, Great Britain, Belgium, Luxembourg, Ireland, Denmark, Italy, France, Germany

Time period: 1985-10-01--1985-11-01

With this study, the new European Economic Community (EEC) member nations of Spain and Portugal join the ten nations included in previous Eurobarometers. In addition to continuing to monitor attitudes on European integration, life satisfaction, and social goals, respondents in Spain and Portugal were asked about the likely effects of EEC membership on their countries. Respondent attitudes toward the United States were also investigated and respondents were questioned concerning the effects of the economic policies of the United States and Japan on their nations.

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Euro-Barometer 25: Holiday Travel and Environmental Problems, April 1986 (ICPSR 8616)

Released/updated on: 1996-12-10

Geographic coverage: Europe, Portugal, Global, Spain, Greece, Netherlands, Great Britain, Belgium, Luxembourg, Ireland, Denmark, Italy, France, Germany

Time period: 1984-01-01--1986-01-01

This study focuses on European vacation practices and on an assortment of environmental issues. Respondents were asked to assess the state of the environment both nationally and in the world at large, to judge the severity of current environmental problems, and to respond to suggestions regarding future changes in conservation practices and policies. Individuals who went away on holiday in 1985 were asked a series of questions regarding the types of areas visited, holiday accommodations, methods of transportation, and level of satisfaction with their holidays. As in previous studies in this series, respondents continued to be monitored on attitudes toward the European Economic Community, life satisfaction, and social goals. All respondents were asked questions on such subjects as the trustworthiness of other nationalities and important problems that are debated in the European Parliament. In addition, the respondent's political orientation, outlook for the future, and socioeconomic and demographic characteristics were probed.

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Euro-Barometer 26: Energy Problems, November 1986 (ICPSR 8680)

Released/updated on: 1996-12-10

Geographic coverage: Europe, United Kingdom, Portugal, Global, Spain, Greece, Netherlands, Belgium, Luxembourg, Ireland, Denmark, Italy, France, Germany

This data collection focuses on a variety of energy problems and transportation-related issues affecting citizens of the nations comprising the European Economic Community. As in previous studies in this series, respondents' attitudes toward the Community, life satisfaction, and social goals continued to be monitored. All respondents were queried on such topics as the seriousness of energy problems in their countries, future energy needs, and the risks associated with various industrial installations. Respondents were also asked about the development and use of nuclear power stations for the production of electricity and whether they had heard of the nuclear power plant accident in the Soviet Union in the spring of 1986. Respondents who held a current driver's license were questioned about the size and type of vehicle driven most often, how frequently they drove, and whether or not they used a safety belt. In addition, the respondent's political orientation, outlook for the future, and socioeconomic and demographic characteristics were recorded.

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Euro-Barometer 27: the Common Agricultural Policy and Cancer, March-May 1987 (ICPSR 8715)

Released/updated on: 1996-12-10

Geographic coverage: Europe, United Kingdom, Portugal, Global, Spain, Greece, Netherlands, Belgium, Luxembourg, Ireland, Denmark, Italy, France, Germany

Time period: 1987-03-01--1987-05-01

This round of Euro-Barometer surveys investigates political party preferences, life satisfaction, views on national goals and national achievements, attitudes toward the United States and the Soviet Union, and attitudes toward the Economic Community and its policies, especially the Economic Community's Common Agricultural Policy. Health-related issues are also a focus of inquiry: respondents were queried on bouts of serious illness, smoking and dietary habits, attitudes towards smoking and anti-smoking legislation, proximity to cases of cancer among family and friends, and knowledge and views regarding the causes of cancer, the extent of its occurrence in society, and medical recommendations for its early detection and prevention. Respondents were also asked if they had undergone medical examinations to screen for cancer. Females were questioned about specific kinds of cancer detection examinations as well. Single parenthood and equality between the sexes are additional issues investigated by this Euro-Barometer. Respondents were asked for their views on the effectiveness of legislation protecting women's rights, on the proper roles for men and women within the family, and on the relative abilities of men and women to perform the tasks required by certain occupations. Respondents residing in single-parent households were asked why the father or the mother was missing from the household and were asked to specify sources of financial support. The data include demographic, socioeconomic, and geographic information on the respondents.

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Eurobarometer 28.1: Young Europeans -- Life, Interests, Education, Employment, and Knowledge of Foreign Languages, October-November 1987 (ICPSR 9135)

Released/updated on: 2008-10-24

Geographic coverage: Europe, United Kingdom, Portugal, Global, Spain, Greece, Netherlands, Belgium, Luxembourg, Ireland, Denmark, Italy, France, Germany

Time period: 1987-10-01--1987-11-01

This round of Eurobarometer surveys queried respondents who were aged 15-24 on standard Eurobarometer measures, such as how satisfied they were with their present life, whether they attempted to persuade others close to them to share their views on subjects they held strong opinions about, whether they discussed political matters, what their country's goals should be for the next 10 or 15 years, and how they viewed the need for societal change. Additional questions focused on the respondents' knowledge of and opinions on the European Community (EC), including how well-informed they felt about the EC, what sources of information about the EC they used, whether their country had benefited from being an EC member, and the extent of their personal interest in EC matters. Other major areas of focus of the surveys included: (1) life and interests, (2) foreign languages and traveling abroad, (3) employment and education, and (4) foreign relations. For the first topic, life and interests, respondents were asked: to identify their areas of interest, ideas or causes they support, three major problems facing youth today, to list their membership in particular organizations, their use of neighborhood youth services or centers, how well-informed they felt about opportunities of interest, with whom they lived, and how well different aspects of life were going. For the second topic, languages, respondents were asked about languages learned and those spoken well enough to converse with others, languages used at home, reasons and methods for learning a new language, and the teaching and importance of knowing foreign languages. Pertaining to traveling abroad, respondents were asked about the countries they visited, the duration and reasons for visiting, travel arrangements, and the main problem in traveling abroad. For the third topic, employment and education, respondents were asked about their experiences with youth discrimination, their personal financial situation, and services or individuals who assisted them in making life choices. Respondents employed full- or part-time were asked about methods used to obtain a job, duration of employment, hours worked per week, average pay rate, job satisfaction, chances for promotion, and past episodes of employment and unemployment. Respondents in school were asked about current studies and the type of institution they attended, while those in vocational training were asked about when they started the program, length of attendance, opinions regarding completion, and trainee benefits. Unemployed respondents were asked about the reasons why and the length of time they were unemployed, as well as their job-seeking methods. All respondents, except those in school, were asked about formal education, satisfaction with training courses, assistance with job attainment through training, and receipt of a diploma or certificate. For the final topic, foreign relations, respondents were asked about their feelings about the United States and its present policy towards West European unification, the relationship between the EC and the United States, establishment of the Common European Market, and the unification of Europe. Less of a focus were questions about the qualities children are encouraged to learn at home, their knowledge of a European program for the fight against cancer, and their skills and education in computers. Demographic and other background information collected includes age, gender, marital status, age whenexpecting to finish full-time education, size and composition of household, family income, occupation, size of company where respondent works, type and size of community, and region of residence. Several questions pertaining to voting and politics include political party attachment, vote intention, and left-right political self-placement.

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Euro-barometer 28: Relations With Third World Countries and Energy Problems, November 1987 (ICPSR 9082)

Released/updated on: 2009-04-13

Geographic coverage: Europe, United Kingdom, Portugal, Global, Spain, Greece, Netherlands, Belgium, Luxembourg, Ireland, Denmark, Italy, France, Germany

Time period: 1987-10-01--1987-11-01

The major focus of this Euro-Barometer is the respondent's knowledge of and attitudes toward the nations of the Third World. Topics covered include the culture and customs of these nations, the existence of poverty and hunger, and the respondent's opinions on how best to provide assistance to Third World countries. Individuals answered questions on social and political conditions as well as on the level of economic development in these countries. Additionally, respondents were asked to assess the state of relations between the respondent's country and various Third World nations. Another focus of this data collection concerns energy problems and resources in the countries of the European Economic Community. Respondents were asked to choose which regions of the world are considered to be reliable suppliers of fossil fuel for the future and to evaluate the risks that various industrial installations such as chemical and nuclear power plants pose to people living nearby. Respondents were also asked about solutions to the need for additional energy supplies in the future. Possible solutions included the development or continued development of nuclear power, the encouragement of research into producing renewable energy sources such as solar energy, and the conservation of energy. As in previous surveys in this series, respondents' attitudes toward the Community, life satisfaction, and social goals continued to be monitored. The survey also asked each individual to assess the advantages and disadvantages of the creation of a single common European market and whether they approved or disapproved of current efforts to unify western Europe. In addition, the respondent's political orientation, outlook for the future, and socioeconomic and demographic characteristics were probed.

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Simple Crosstabs

Euro-barometer 29: Environmental Problems and Cancer, March-April 1988 (ICPSR 9083)

Released/updated on: 2017-03-27

Geographic coverage: Europe, United Kingdom, Portugal, Global, Spain, Greece, Netherlands, Belgium, Luxembourg, Ireland, Denmark, Italy, France, Germany

Time period: 1988-03-01--1988-04-01

The major focuses of this Euro-Barometer survey are the environment and personal health. Opinions were sought on environmental issues such as nuclear accidents and radioactivity, pollution, and conservation of natural resources, as well as on the activities surrounding the European Year of the Environment. Health-related issues focused on cancer: smoking, knowledge and views regarding the causes of cancer, the extent of its occurrence in society, and medical recommendations for its early detection and prevention. Respondents were also asked if they had undergone medical examinations to screen for cancer. Women were questioned about specific kinds of cancer detection examinations as well. Other health-related items concerned dietary regimens and sports activities. In addition, respondents were asked about political party preferences, life satisfaction, views on national goals and national achievements, and attitudes toward the Economic Community and its policies, especially the Economic Community's Common Agricultural Policy, the European Parliament, the creation of the single common market in 1992, and use of daylight savings time. The data include demographic, socioeconomic, and geographic information on respondents.

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Euro-barometer 2: Problems Facing the European Community, October-November 1974 (ICPSR 6111)

Released/updated on: 1998-10-28

Geographic coverage: Netherlands, Great Britain, Belgium, Europe, Luxembourg, Ireland, Denmark, Italy, France, Germany, Global

Time period: 1974-10-01--1974-11-01

This round of Euro-Barometer surveys queried respondents on standard Euro- Barometer measures such as public awareness of and attitudes toward the Common Market and the European Community (EC), and also focused on problems facing the European Community. Respondents were asked to identify the most important and the second most important problems facing their country's government. In addition, they were asked to state how important or unimportant a list of problems were for the European Community: fighting rising prices, establishment of a common European currency, reduction of differences between developed and less developed regions of the Common Market, introduction of standardized educational qualifications, coordination of social policies regarding employment and job training, modernization of European agriculture, protecting consumers against fraud, and implementation of common policies for dealing with issues such as energy supplies, relations with the United States and the Soviet Union, developing scientific research, protecting nature and fighting pollution, and aid to underdeveloped countries. Other questions asked if these problems were best handled through the European Community or by each country individually. Respondents were also asked how well they thought newspapers, radio, and television covered European problems, if membership in the Common Market was a good or bad thing for their country, and which party they would be inclined to support if a general election were held the next day. The data include information on age, gender, nationality, age when finished full-time education, income, occupation (head of household), size of community, and region of residence.

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Simple Crosstabs

Euro-Barometer 30: Immigrants and Out-Groups in Western Europe, October-November 1988 (ICPSR 9321)

Released/updated on: 2017-03-27

Geographic coverage: Europe, United Kingdom, Portugal, Global, Spain, Greece, Netherlands, Belgium, Luxembourg, Ireland, Denmark, Italy, France, Germany

Time period: 1988-10-01--1988-11-01

This round of Euro-Barometer surveys investigated life satisfaction, union membership, smoking habits, knowledge and views regarding cancer, views on the importance of NATO and certain national problems, attitudes toward democracy and individual liberties, attitudes toward immigrants and out-groups (i.e., people of another nationality, race, religion, culture, or social class), and knowledge of and attitudes toward European Community institutions and policies, including the Common Agricultural Policy and the creation of a single European market in 1992. Respondents also were asked to name current topics and events most important for them and to state whether or not certain causes such as the protection of wildlife and the promotion of world peace were worth taking risks and making sacrifices for. Questions on political party preferences asked respondents which party they felt the closest to, how they voted in their country's last general election, how they would vote if a general election were held tomorrow, and how they planned to vote in the June 1989 elections for the European Parliament. The survey also gauged respondents' perceptions of the general attitude of each country's political parties toward the European Community. The inquiry into out-groups asked respondents to identify groups that came to mind when they thought of people of another nationality, race, religion, culture, or social class. Respondents were asked if they counted any out-group members among their friends and if any of these persons worked at their place of employment or lived in their neighborhood. Additional questions asked respondents if they were disturbed by the presence of these out-groups and if they thought that these groups exploited social welfare benefits, increased unemployment, contributed to delinquency and violence, affected property prices, or reduced the level of education in schools. In West Germany, France, Great Britain, and the Netherlands, respondents were queried about their attitudes and feelings toward specific out-groups: Southern Europeans, North Africans, Turks, Black Africans, Asians, Southeast Asians, West Indians, Jews, Surinamers, and Northern Europeans. The section on cancer queried respondents about their knowledge of the causes of cancer and medical recommendations for its early detection and prevention, and asked respondents if they followed or intended to follow those recommendations. Additional information gathered includes family income, home ownership, number of persons and children under 15 residing in the home, size of locality, region of residence, occupation of the head of household, and the respondent's age, sex, occupation, education, religion, religiosity, subjective social class standing, and left-right political self-placement.

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Euro-Barometer 31A: EUROPEAN Elections, 1989: Post-Election Survey, June-July 1989 (ICPSR 9360)

Released/updated on: 1996-12-10

Geographic coverage: Europe, United Kingdom, Portugal, Global, Spain, Greece, Netherlands, Belgium, Luxembourg, Ireland, Denmark, Italy, France, Germany

Time period: 1989-06-19--1989-07-19

This round of Euro-Barometer surveys focused on the European Community and on the European Parliamentary elections, energy resources, environmental pollution, and the financial well-being of the respondents' households. Respondents' attitudes towards the European Community were elicited through a series of questions that asked about respondents' interest in politics and in European Community politics, views on the importance of European Community matters for the future and, more specifically, for people of the respondent's country, support of efforts to unify western Europe, and opinions on whether the respondent's country had benefited from being a member the European Community. Questions about the European Parliamentary elections included queries on the role of the media, whether the respondent had voted in the recent European elections and which party the respondent voted for, and reasons for not voting. Respondents were asked if candidates' stands on domestic matters or on European matters were important in their voting decision, and which reason best explained the way they voted. Other questions examined the respondent's views on whether cooperation among national members of the European Parliament should be based on nationality or on party affiliations. Political queries included questions about the idea of democracy, how well democracy worked in the respondent's country, and to what extent the respondent believed the European Community was democratic. In a series of questions on environmental issues, respondents were asked to evaluate major energy resources in terms of price stability, supply, and pollution, and to weigh the risks, costs, and benefits of nuclear energy. They were also asked about the causes, effects, and possible solutions for the problems of acid rain, the greenhouse effect, and the deteriorating ozone layer. Additional information gathered by the survey includes life satisfaction, family income, home ownership, number of persons and children under 15 residing in the home, size of locality, region of residence, occupation of the head of household, and the respondent's age, sex, occupation, education, religion, religiosity, and subjective social class standing.

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Simple Crosstabs

Euro-Barometer 31: European Elections, 1989: Pre-Election Survey, March-April 1989 (ICPSR 9322)

Released/updated on: 2017-03-27

Geographic coverage: Europe, United Kingdom, Portugal, Global, Spain, Greece, Netherlands, Belgium, Luxembourg, Ireland, Denmark, Italy, France, Germany

Time period: 1989-03-02--1989-04-19

This round of Euro-Barometer surveys had for its major focus issues surrounding the European elections. Questions on political party preferences asked respondents which party they felt the closest to, how they voted in their country's last general election, how they would vote if a general election were held tomorrow, which party they would vote for within their countries, how they planned to vote in the June 1989 elections for the European Parliament, how they viewed the importance of certain national problems, and what they thought about democracy and individual liberties. Respondents were asked about their usage of the media for news, their opinions of an "All Europe" television channel and what it should offer, and how the single European market planned for in 1992 would affect their lives. The survey also gauged respondents' perceptions of the general attitude of their countries' political parties toward the most important problems facing their nations. Other items included life satisfaction, union membership, smoking habits, views on environmental issues such as nuclear accidents and radioactivity, views regarding cancer, and knowledge of and attitudes toward European Community institutions and policies, including the Common Agricultural Policy. Respondents also were asked to name current topics and events most important for them and to state whether or not certain causes such as the promotion of world peace were worth taking risks and making sacrifices for. The section on cancer queried respondents about their knowledge of the causes of cancer and medical recommendations for its early detection and prevention, and asked respondents if they followed or intended to follow those recommendations. Women were questioned about specific kinds of cancer detection examinations as well. Additional information was gathered on family income, number of persons and children under 15 residing in the home, size of locality, region of residence, occupation of the head of household, and the respondent's age, sex, occupation, education, religion, religiosity, subjective social class standing, and left-right political self-placement.

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Euro-Barometer 32: The Single European Market, Drugs, Alcohol, and Cancer, November 1989 (ICPSR 9519)

Released/updated on: 1996-12-10

Geographic coverage: United Kingdom, Portugal, Global, Spain, Greece, Netherlands, Belgium, Luxembourg, Ireland, Denmark, Italy, France, Germany

Time period: 1989-10-12--1989-11-22

This round of Euro-Barometer surveys had for its major focus issues involving drugs, alcohol, cancer, and the single European market. Respondents were asked to consider the influence of the environment, the anticipated effects of the Single Market of 1992, and the repercussions of an aging population on public health. Moreover, respondents were asked to identify and prioritize the most serious health problems facing the European Community, and also to evaluate the various efforts being made to combat these problems. Health topics addressed included drugs and drug addiction, cancer, smoking, alcoholism, AIDS, cardiovascular disease, education, diet, and vaccinations. Other major questions involved additional effects of the Single European Market of 1992, and whether certain issues of public policy should be decided by national governments or jointly within the European Community. Also, the survey gauged respondents' perceptions of the European Parliament and the Commission of the European Communities, along with categorizing opinions on the Soviet Union and President Gorbachev, the United States and President Bush, the role and relevance of NATO, U.S. military presence in Western Europe, and the possibility of economic cooperation with Poland and Hungary. Respondents were also asked to give examples of why they felt the United Nations was doing either a good or a poor job in solving the problems it had to face, to name various agencies and institutions that were part of the United Nations, and to identify the Secretary General of the United Nations. Respondents were queried regarding their source of information and education on the United Nations, and were asked to indicate their level of interest in receiving more information on pertinent United Nations issues. As in previous Euro-Barometers, questions on political party preference asked respondents which party they felt the closest to, how they voted in their country's last general election, how they would vote if a general election were held tomorrow, and, if not sure, which party they would be most inclined to vote for. Respondents were also asked to comment on the ideal number of children a family should have, factors influencing the number of children parents decide to have, the role of the family in society, and what government can do to improve life for families. Other items included life satisfaction, use of and attitudes toward dairy products, interest in politics, priority of national goals, political party membership, and union membership. Additional information was gathered on family income, number of people residing in the home, size of locality, region of residence, occupation of the head of household, and the respondent's age, sex, occupation, education, religion, religiosity, subjective social class standing, socio-professional status, and left-right political self-placement.

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Euro-barometer 33.0: The Single European Market: Eastern Europe, Spring 1990 (ICPSR 9518)

Released/updated on: 1996-12-10

Geographic coverage: Europe, United Kingdom, Portugal, Global, Spain, Greece, Netherlands, Belgium, Luxembourg, Ireland, Denmark, Italy, France, Germany

Time period: 1990-03-19--1990-04-16

This round of Euro-Barometer surveys queried respondents on standard Euro-Barometer measures such as life satisfaction, their country's goals for the next 10 or 15 years, and awareness of and attitudes toward the Common Market and the European Community (EC), as well as special topics including the recent changes in Eastern Europe, European sports and nationalism, and nuclear energy and radioactivity. The respondent's thoughts about the social dimension of the EC were explored by questions that asked whether the respondent thought the "Community Charter of Fundamental Social Rights" was a good thing, and what policy areas the respondent would favor or disfavor for inclusion in the charter. On matters concerning changes in Eastern Europe, respondents were asked how much they agreed with several proposals for how the EC could best respond to the changes, and which was more important--the Single European Market, the unification of the two German states, or the unification of Western and Eastern Europe. Other questions asked how threatening fascists and communists were to the respondent's country's way of life and whether the respondent agreed with statements detailing the level of participation of fascists and communists in the political process. The topic of sports and nationalism was addressed through questions asking whether respondents felt prouder when national sports teams won or when European teams won, whether they would favor Olympic teams from EC countries wearing a European Emblem, and whether the number of foreign "football" (soccer) players on club teams in the EC countries should be limited. The final line of query dealt with nuclear energy and radioactivity, and asked for the respondent's agreement with statements about the production, management, and wastes of nuclear power, how satisfied the respondent was with the information about radioactivity, and how much the respondent trusted several different sources of information about radioactivity. Demographic and other background information was gathered on number of people residing in the home, size of locality, home ownership, trade union membership, region of residence, and occupation of the head of household, as well as the respondent's age, sex, marital status, education, occupation, work sector, religion, religiosity, subjective social class, left-right political self-placement, and opinion leadership.

Curated

Euro-Barometer 34.0: Perceptions of the European Community, and Employment Patterns and Child Rearing, October-November 1990 (ICPSR 9576)

Released/updated on: 2001-03-27

Geographic coverage: Europe, United Kingdom, Portugal, Global, Spain, Greece, Netherlands, Belgium, Norway, Luxembourg, Ireland, Denmark, Italy, France, Germany

This round of Eurobarometer surveys queried respondents on standard Eurobarometer measures, such as how satisfied they were with their present life, whether they attempted to persuade others close to them to share their views on subjects they held strong opinions about, whether they discussed political matters, what their country's goals should be for the next ten to fifteen years, and how they viewed the need for societal change. Additional questions focused on the respondents' knowledge of and opinions on the European Community (EC), including how well-informed they felt about the EC, whether their country had benefited from being an EC member, and the extent of their personal interest in EC matters. Another major focus of the surveys was on how current social and cultural conditions affected the lives of individuals and households. Respondents were asked to assess general economic conditions and the current and future financial situations of their own households, to describe personal interests and the types of voluntary associations to which they belonged, and to comment on the prospective establishment of a Single European Market in 1992, the possible formation of an EC police force for combating terrorism and drug trafficking, which areas of policy should be decided by national governments and which by the EC, the rights of noncitizens in EC countries, the role of the EC in cultural matters, and the position that the EC should assume in reacting to upheavals in Central and Eastern Europe and in the Persian Gulf. Other questions focused on major problems facing European youth, the qualities parents should encourage in their children, knowledge and use of different languages in the home, and the importance of foreign languages in general. A separate section of the survey probed individual employment patterns, asking respondents to describe their employment histories, how changes in their family lives affected their working lives, times of unemployment, reasons for starting work again after a period of unemployment other than money, and occupation. This section also probed the role of child-rearing in family employment patterns by asking respondents to describe their experiences with child care, the distribution of household duties within the family, and their attitudes toward raising children in general. An additional set of questions constituted a test for validation of the proposed variables for harmonization of demographics in the Eurobarometer. This section was a joint effort of the Commission of the EC and INRA (International Research Associates, EUROPE), under the supervision of ESOMAR (European Society for Opinion and Marketing Research). The Norwegian Social Science Data Services (NSD) conducted a survey in Norway independent from, but parallel to, Euro-Barometer 34.0, which was incorporated into this data collection by ICPSR. Many of the questions in Eurobarometer 34.0 were also asked in Norway, though some questions were slightly modified. Respondents in Norway were also queried about additional issues, including their knowledge of the negotiations on European economic cooperation, their opinions about possible Norwegian membership in the EC, and their views concerning the advantages and disadvantages of Norwegian membership in the EC. As in previous Eurobarometers, questions on political party preference queried respondents about which party they felt closest to, how they voted in their country's last general election, and how they would vote if a general election were held tomorrow. Additional information was gathered on family income, number of people residing in the home, size of locality, home ownership, trade union membership, region of residence, occupation of the head of household, and the respondent's age, sex, education, religion, religiosity, subjective social class standing, socio-professional status, and left-right political self-placement.

Curated

Euro-barometer 34.2: European Youth, Fall 1990 (ICPSR 9578)

Released/updated on: 2001-03-27

Geographic coverage: Europe, United Kingdom, Portugal, Global, Spain, Greece, Netherlands, Belgium, Luxembourg, Ireland, Denmark, Italy, France, Germany

Time period: 1990-12-03--1990-12-23

This round of Eurobarometer surveys queried 15- to 24-year-old respondents on standard Euro Barometer measures, such as how satisfied they were with their present life, whether they attempted to persuade others close to them to share their views on subjects they held strong opinions about, whether they discussed political matters, what their country's goals should be for the next ten to fifteen years, and how they viewed the need for societal change. Additional questions focused on the respondents' knowledge of and opinions on the European Community (EC), including how well-informed they felt about the EC, what sources of information about the EC they used, whether their country had benefited from being an EC member, and the extent of their personal interest in EC matters. One major focus of the study was the general interests of the respondents. Questions included what groups and associations they belonged to, whether they took part in clubs, organizations, or community centers intended for young people, which causes they felt were worth taking risks and making sacrifices for, how they rated certain aspects of their lives and relationships, which qualities they thought parents should encourage in their children, and what the three major problems facing young people were. Another major focus of the study was on exposure to foreign cultures. Queries included which foreign languages respondents knew, which languages they would like to know, whether they felt enough attention had been paid to foreign languages in school, how much time they had spent traveling abroad, what foreign countries they had visited, whether they had participated in a youth exchange or had worked abroad, which countries they would like to visit for work or study, and what problems were involved in working, studying, or training abroad. Respondents were also asked whether they had ever experienced discrimination, what their financial situation was, whom they talked to when making life course decisions, and whether they used counseling and guidance services. Questions also examined employed respondents' current occupations and employment histories. Unemployed respondents were asked how many months they had been looking for a job, what they had been doing to find a job, and what the main reason was for their being unemployed. Respondents who were still in school or pursuing higher education were asked why they chose to continue studying, at what age they intended to finish their full-time education, why they chose the current subject of their studies, and what their current level of study was. Those respondents who were in a job placement or apprenticeship program were asked questions pertaining to their placement. Respondents no longer in school were asked how many years they studied beyond the minimum for schooling, what their reasons were for finishing formal education when they did, whether they had started a training course, how many training courses they had completed, how many months they had been involved in the training course, what they felt the standard of training was, how much they had gained from the training course, and whether the training had helped them get a job. Additional information was gathered on family income, number of people residing in the home, size of locality, home ownership, region of residence, occupation of the head of household, and the respondent's age, sex, occupation, education, religion, religiosity, subjective social class standing, political party and union membership, and left-right political self-placement.

Curated

Euro-Barometer 35.0: Foreign Relations, the Common Agricultural Policy, and Environmental Concerns, Spring 1991 (ICPSR 9697)

Released/updated on: 1998-12-07

Geographic coverage: Europe, United Kingdom, Portugal, Global, Spain, Greece, Netherlands, Belgium, Luxembourg, Ireland, Denmark, Italy, France, Germany

This round of Euro-Barometer surveys investigated foreign policy attitudes and, in particular, the level of trust respondents felt toward the United States and the Soviet Union, their assessment of the abilities of both nations to deal responsibly with world problems, the importance of the North Atlantic Treaty Organization (NATO), and the use of military force against Iraq. Respondents were also asked to evaluate the importance and influence of the European Community on their own lives, and to give their opinions on the value of a general European citizenship, the recent unification of Germany, whether aid should be given to the Soviet Union, current immigration policies, the importance of the European Parliament, the value of the proposed Single European Market, and prospective policies and composition of the European Community by the year 2000. Other queries focused on the effectiveness of the Common Agricultural Policy and the result of potential reforms of this policy on European farmers. Another set of questions probed attitudes toward energy and environmental issues. Respondents were asked about the availability and costs of energy products, whether energy prices should be uniform throughout Community countries, the importance of possible changes in the environment, future sources of energy, the value of nuclear power, and knowledge of sources of radiation and potential risks of contamination. As in previous Euro-Barometers, questions on political party preference asked respondents which party they felt closest to, how they voted in their country's last general election, and how they would vote if a general election were held tomorrow. Additional information was gathered on family income, number of people residing in the home, size of locality, home ownership, region of residence, occupation of the head of household, and the respondent's age, sex, education, religion, religiosity, subjective social class standing, socio-professional status, and left-right political self-placement.

Curated

Eurobarometer 35.1: Public Transportation and Biotechnology, March-April 1991 (ICPSR 9698)

Released/updated on: 2002-08-16

Geographic coverage: Europe, United Kingdom, Portugal, Global, Spain, Greece, Netherlands, Belgium, Luxembourg, Ireland, Denmark, Italy, France, Germany

Time period: 1991-03-28--1991-04-30

This round of Eurobarometer surveys focused on transportation and biotechnology (genetic engineering). In addition, respondents were queried on standard Eurobarometer measures, such as whether they attempted to persuade others close to them to share their views on subjects they held strong opinions about, whether they discussed political matters, what their country's goals should be for the next ten or fifteen years, and whether their country had benefited from being a member of the European Community (EC). With respect to transportation issues, the survey assessed how residents of urban areas perceived the increase in car traffic and how they felt about its consequences, including effects on air quality and the risk of accidents. Ratings were sought on the effectiveness of various proposals for solving traffic congestion. Respondents were asked to indicate how well political decision-makers judged the feelings of the public on transportation issues, and which types of transport should be preferred in policy decisions: cars versus public transportation, cars versus cyclists, and cars versus pedestrians. They were asked to indicate how frequently they used various types of transportation and their reasons for using and for not using public transportation. Biotechnology was described as the recent efforts of scientists to change human cells, micro-organisms like yeast, crops, and farm animals. Respondents were asked whether such science and technology in general was likely to improve life in the next 20 years. They were also asked for their views on the morality of applying biotechnology to animals and the value of specific areas of research like plant and animal breeding and the development of hardier micro-organisms for food and waste processing. A series of questions tested respondents' objective knowledge of biotechnology, asking them to state whether particular domains such as cancer research or the treatment of hereditary human diseases were linked to biotechnology. In addition, self-ratings of competency on these questions were obtained, and respondents indicated and evaluated their sources of information on technology and development. This survey also introduced a new set of questions on individuals' personal experience with the Single European Market through the purchase of goods or services from other member states of the EC. Respondents were asked to provide objective information on the particular kinds of products or services bought or sold, and methods of payment used. They evaluated their satisfaction with such transactions, and assessed the levels of quality and standards expected from each of the EC member countries with which they had dealt. Demographic data collected on respondents include gender, age, marital status, occupation, religion and religiosity, age at completion of education, left-right political self-placement, political and trade union participation, household income, number of people in household, number of children under 15 in household, subjective membership in social class, home ownership, type of community, size of locality, and region of residence. Actively employed respondents were asked a series of questions (A.1 to A.34) regarding health and safety at work. For results see EURO-BAROMETER 35A: WORKING CONDITIONS, MARCH-APRIL 1991 [ICPSR 9696].

Curated

Euro-barometer 35.A: Working Conditions, March-April, 1991 (ICPSR 9696)

Released/updated on: 2001-08-14

Geographic coverage: Europe, United Kingdom, Portugal, Global, Spain, Greece, Netherlands, Belgium, Luxembourg, Ireland, Denmark, Italy, France, Germany

Time period: 1991-03-04--1991-04-30

This collection presents responses to a set of questions asked in both EURO-BAROMETER 35.0: FOREIGN RELATIONS, THE COMMON AGRICULTURAL POLICY, AND ENVIRONMENTAL CONCERNS, SPRING 1991 (ICPSR 9697) and EURO-BAROMETER 35.1: PUBLIC TRANSPORTATION AND BIOTECHNOLOGY, SPRING 1991 (ICPSR 9698). The survey queried respondents on standard Eurobarometer measures, such as whether they attempted to persuade others close to them to share their views on subjects they held strong opinions about, whether they discussed political matters, what their country's goals should be for the next ten years, and whether their country had benefited from being a member of the European Community (EC). The major focus of this collection was working conditions. Respondents were asked about the main business activity of the establishment where they worked, the number of hours they worked daily and weekly, and whether they worked on shifts. They were also asked whether their work involved dangerous machines, high speed activity, tiring positions, heavy loads, tight deadlines, using computers, or working at night, and whether they felt they had sufficient resources, such as training, information, tools, and support, to carry out their tasks. The survey also collected information on safety, hygiene, and health standards at workplaces and their influence on work efficiency. Respondents were asked whether their professional activities affected their health or threatened them with accident and injury, whether they had ever had work-related illnesses or accidents, and who should be responsible for reduction of accidents and work-related illnesses. Several items assessed awareness of European Community efforts concerning safety, hygiene, and health standards at work and support for the application of common legislation in the EC member countries concerning health and safety issues at work. Respondents were also asked which countries in the EC had the most and the least advanced legislation in this area. Demographic characteristics collected include gender, age, occupation, marital status, religious affiliation and practice, age at completion of education, subjective membership in social class, political and trade union participation, home ownership, number of people in household, family income, home ownership, subjective size of community, and nationality. Selected standard Eurobarometer constructed variables and indices are also included.

Curated

Euro-barometer 36.0: Regional Identity and Perceptions of the Third World, Fall 1991 (ICPSR 9771)

Released/updated on: 1998-06-25

Geographic coverage: Europe, United Kingdom, Portugal, Global, Spain, Greece, Netherlands, Belgium, Luxembourg, Ireland, Denmark, Italy, France, Germany

Time period: 1991-10-15--1991-11-21

This round of Eurobarometer surveys investigated the level of public support for the European Community (EC) and assessed attitudes toward regional development and perceptions of the Third World. Respondents were asked how well-informed they felt about the EC, how supportive they were of efforts being made to unify Western Europe, whether their country had benefited from being an EC member, and their personal interest in EC matters. Respondents were also asked to judge which areas of policy should be decided by national governments and which by a central Community structure, and to express their reactions to the reform of the Common Agricultural Policy, their expectations for the Single European Market, and their attitudes about the role and importance of the European Parliament. A new series of questions examined respondents' views toward the recording and distribution of personal information by private and public organizations, the recording and use of certain types of information, and the transfer of personal information among organizations. Questions about smoking included whether the respondent had heard of the European Code Against Cancer, whether the respondent smoked, what tobacco products were used by smokers, how many cigarettes were smoked in a day by the respondent, and whether smokers had plans to cut down their tobacco consumption. Items on regional identification included respondents' conceptions of "their region," attachment to their town, village, region, or country, whether there were policies to develop less-favored regions in member countries, whether there should be policies to develop regions in member countries, and what the European Community's policy should be with respect to developing regions in the European Community. Queries about the Third World included perceptions of the extent of hunger and economic development in the Third World, the respondent's personal impression and experience with the Third World, the respondent's source and need for information about the Third World, whether aid should be given to Third World countries and the expected nature and benefit of that aid, what the aim of relations with Third World countries should be, and the expected future of the Third World. As in previous Eurobarometers, questions on political party preference asked respondents which party they felt the closest to, how they voted in their country's last general election, and how they would vote if a general election were held tomorrow. Additional information was gathered on family income, number of people residing in the home, size of locality, home ownership, region of residence, occupation of the head of household, and the respondent's age, sex, occupation, education, religion, religiosity, subjective social class standing, socio-professional status, and left-right political self-placement.

Curated

Euro-barometer 37.0 and 37.1: European Drug Prevention Program, March-May 1992 (ICPSR 9956)

Released/updated on: 2000-09-25

Geographic coverage: Europe, United Kingdom, Portugal, Global, Spain, Greece, Netherlands, Belgium, Luxembourg, Ireland, Denmark, Italy, France, Germany

Time period: 1992-03-01--1992-05-01

This dataset merges the responses to identical questions from two waves of Euro-Barometer surveys, EURO-BAROMETER 37.0: AWARENESS AND IMPORTANCE OF MAASTRICHT AND THE FUTURE OF THE EUROPEAN COMMUNITY, MARCH-APRIL 1992 (ICPSR 9847), and EURO-BAROMETER 37.1: CONSUMER GOODS AND SOCIAL SECURITY, APRIL-MAY 1992 (ICPSR 9957). These surveys queried respondents on standard Euro-Barometer measures such as public awareness of and attitudes toward the Common Market and the European Community (EC), and also focused on alcohol and drug use. Items covered the use of beer, wine, spirits, and other forms of alcohol, age at which the respondent began drinking, familiarity with major forms of drugs, age at which drugs were first offered, how difficult it was to get drugs, and the means available for getting drugs. Additional questions focused on how the respondent viewed the drug problem, the top priority in eliminating the drug problem, diminishing the effects of drug use, and whether drug use leads to AIDS, prostitution, health problems, social problems, violence, suicide, personality breakdowns, and problems with the law. Respondents were also asked for their opinions on several measures used to combat the effects of drug use and the major reasons for alcohol and drug use. Demographic and other background information was gathered on the number of people residing in the home, size of locality, home ownership, trade union membership, region of residence, and occupation of the head of household, as well as the respondent's age, sex, marital status, education, occupation, work sector, religiosity, subjective social class, left-right political self-placement, and opinion leadership.

Curated

Euro-barometer 37.0: Awareness and Importance of Maastricht and the Future of the European Community, March-April 1992 (ICPSR 9847)

Released/updated on: 1996-12-10

Geographic coverage: Europe, United Kingdom, Portugal, Global, Spain, Greece, Netherlands, Belgium, Luxembourg, Ireland, Denmark, Italy, France, Germany

Time period: 1992-03-18--1992-04-15

This round of Euro-Barometer surveys investigated the level of public support for the European Community (EC) and assessed attitudes toward European integration. Respondents were asked how well informed they felt about the EC, how supportive they were of efforts being made to unify Western Europe, whether their country had benefited from being an EC member, and how interested they were personally in EC matters. Other queries focused on respondent reaction to the European flag, the feeling of being a citizen of Europe both now and in the future, opinions relating to the speed of European unification, impressions of the work of the European Commission, and how well a list of statements corresponded to the respondent's hopes for the future of the EC. Respondents also judged which areas of policy should be decided by national governments and which by a central EC structure, and expressed their reactions to the Common Agricultural Policy, their expectations for the Single European Market and whether it should contain a social dimension, and their attitudes about the role and importance of the European Parliament. A number of questions focused specifically on the meeting and treaty produced in the Dutch town of Maastricht in December 1991. Respondents were queried about their knowledge of the gathering and its possible effects on the EC, on their own countries, and on their personal lives. Opinions were also sought on the desirability and positive and negative effects of certain countries joining the EC, and what the rights of citizens of other member countries should be when residing in the respondent's nation. Attitudes toward immigrants from nonmember countries were elicited as well. A set of questions focused on environmental problems, ecological concerns, and the priority assigned to economic development when assessing these issues. Respondents were asked to identify factors that caused serious damage to the environment, and to comment on what could be done to lessen pollution. They were also asked about the role of public bodies in protecting and informing the public about environmental concerns, sources of information about these concerns, and their hopes for the upcoming United Nations Conference for the Environment and Development in Rio de Janeiro, Brazil. As in previous Euro-Barometers, questions on political party preference were posed, including which party respondents felt closest to, how they voted in their country's last general election, and how they would vote if a general election were held tomorrow. Additional information was gathered on family income, number of people residing in the home, size of locality, home ownership, region of residence, occupation of the head of household, and the respondent's age, sex, occupation, education, religion, religiosity, subjective social class standing, socio-professional status, and left-right political self-placement.

Curated

Euro-barometer 37.1: Consumer Goods and Social Security, April-May 1992 (ICPSR 9957)

Released/updated on: 2000-09-25

Geographic coverage: United Kingdom, Portugal, Global, Spain, Greece, Netherlands, Belgium, Luxembourg, Ireland, Denmark, Italy, France, Germany

Time period: 1992-04-20--1992-05-24

This round of Euro-Barometer surveys queried respondents on standard Euro-Barometer measures such as public awareness of and attitudes toward the Common Market and the European Community (EC), and also focused on consumer goods, Social Security, health care and health care benefits, the elderly, retirement, and alcohol and drug use. Questions concerning consumer goods asked whether respondents read product information before purchasing, what additional product information they would like to see, what three things other than price were most important in deciding whether to purchase an item, and whether it was necessary to have the same type of product information available for all members of the European Community (EC). Respondents' attitudes and opinions on Social Security were probed with questions that asked whether they agreed that Social Security properly protects the unemployed, the elderly, the sick or disabled, those with work-related injuries or illness, and the poor. Respondents were also asked whether policies on pensions, minimum income, and unemployment should be decided by national governments or by the EC, and whether foreigners should have the same Social Security benefits as citizens. The general health of respondents and their health care benefits were assessed through questions that asked whether they had a long-standing illness, disability, or infirmity, whether they had cut down their activity due to illness or injury, and whether they had taken medicine or talked to a doctor within the last 30 days. Respondents were also queried about which conditions they would see a doctor for and what type of examinations they had had in the past three years. Respondents were asked to rate what they paid for various medical services, the general quality of their health care, and the nature and availability of health insurance. The main problems facing the elderly and the role the elderly play in society were also topics of investigation in this survey. Questions elicited respondents' views toward possible changes in pension terms, whether retirement should occur at a fixed age, what types of discrimination affect the elderly who are working, whether the government should introduce laws to try to stop age discrimination, whether a minimum level of income should be provided to the elderly, and whether the elderly needing personal care should go into residential/nursing homes or should have social services help them remain in their homes for as long as possible. Respondents were also asked whether they provided long-term care to anyone either living with them or not living with them, who was in the best position to decide which services are most important for the elderly, what the best method of financing long-term care for the elderly was, and whether the EC was doing enough with regard to the elderly. Questions on retirement dealt with what ages respondents retired/planned to retire, whether the retired felt their pensions to be adequate, whether working people looked forward to retiring, whether pensions should be extended to widows and dependent children, whether pensions should be reduced for those who work for earned income beyond retirement, and whether pensions should be provided through government taxation, employer/employee contributions, or private contracts between workers and pension companies. Queries about alcohol and drug usage probed the use of beer, wine, spirits, and other forms of alcohol, age at which the respondent began drinking, familiarity with major forms of drugs, age at which drugs were first offered, how difficult it was to get drugs, and the means available for getting drugs. Additional questions focused on how the respondent viewed the drug problem, the top priority in eliminating the drug problem, diminishing the effects of drug use, whether drug use leads to AIDS, prostitution, health problems, social problems, violence, suicide, personality breakdowns, and problems with the law, and the major reasons for alcohol and drug use. Demographic and other background information was gathered on life satisfaction, number of people residing in the home, size of locality, home ownership, trade union membership, region of residence, and occupation of the head of household, as well as the respondent's age, sex, marital status, education, occupation, work sector, religiosity, subjective social class, use of media, left-right political self-placement, and opinion leadership.