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The overall goal for this project was to reduce the incidence of COVID-19, hospitalization, and mortality among adults with serious mental illness (SMI) and intellectual disabilities/developmental disabilities (IDD) in congregate living settings (i.e., group homes) in Massachusetts, as well as to reduce COVID-19 incidence among staff who work in these settings. The research team was guided by two comparative effectiveness questions:

1. With the goal of prioritizing and making actionable best practices available as resources, what is the comparative effectiveness of various types and intensities of preventative interventions (e.g., screening, isolation, contact tracing, hand hygiene, physical distancing, use of face masks) in reducing rates of COVID-19, related hospitalizations, and related mortality in this population?
2. With the goal of effectively implementing best practices, what is the most effective implementation strategy to reduce rates of COVID-19 in this population: using tailored best practices (TBP) with SMI/IDD residents and staff of group homes in mind, or general best practices (GBP) from state and federal standard guidelines for all congregate care settings?

The specific aims of this study were as follows:

Aim 1a. Synthesize existing baseline data collected by 6 state behavioral health agencies on COVID-19 rates, hospitalization, mortality, and use of infection prevention practices.

Aim 1b. Collect stakeholder input via surveys and virtual focus groups on staff and resident experiences and on barriers/facilitators to implementing recommended preventative practices.

Aims 2a and 2b. Determine the comparative effectiveness of various COVID-19 preventative practices by (Aim 2a) using a validated simulation model to estimate COVID-19 spread in group homes and (Aim 2b) obtaining stakeholder input on prioritizing and defining tailored best practices for implementation.

Aim 3. Compare the effectiveness of TBPs with GBPs by using a hybrid effectiveness-implementation cluster randomized controlled trial.

Data collected to answer Aims 1 and 2 served as the foundation for designing the Aim 3 trial. Data for the trial were collected in 3-month intervals beginning January 2021 (baseline) until October 2022 (15-month follow-up). Residents and staff were sampled from approximately 400 group homes. Primary implementation outcome measures were COVID-19 vaccination rates and fidelity scores. The primary effectiveness outcome measure was COVID-19 infection.

Notes: This collection contains only data from Aim 1a and Aim 3. Throughout the data and documentation, "intellectual and/or developmental disabilities" is abbreviated as both IDD and ID/DD.

This data collection contains four tables derived from the Census 2000 100-percent and sample data:

• Table DP-1. Profile of General Demographic Characteristics

• Table DP-2. Profile of Selected Social Characteristics

• Table DP-3. Profile of Selected Economic Characteristics

• Table DP-4. Profile of Selected Housing Characteristics

The 100-percent data were obtained from the questions asked of every person and housing unit enumerated in Census 2000, while the sample data were taken from the questions asked of a sample of persons and housing units. Tabulated from the 100- percent data, Table DP-1 shows population counts by sex, age, race, Hispanic origin, and relationship to householder, plus the group-quarters population, households by type, housing occupancy and tenure, and average household size. Tables P-2, DP-3, and DP-4 were derived from the sample data. Table DP-2 covers school enrollment, educational attainment, marital status, grandparents as caregivers, veteran status, disability status, residence in 1995, nativity and place of birth, language spoken at home, and ancestry. Next, Table DP-3 covers employment status, commuting to work, occupation, industry, class of worker, and income and poverty status in 1999. The last table, DP-4, shows the number of housing units by type of structure and number of rooms in unit, year structure was built, year householder moved into unit, number of vehicles available, type of house heating fuel, occupants per room, value of owner-occupied units, gross rent, and mortgage status and selected monthly owner costs, as well as the number of homes without complete plumbing facilities, complete kitchen facilities, or telephone service.

Supplied in a national file and separate state files including the District of Columbia and Puerto Rico, the data cover more than a dozen geographic levels of observation known as "summary levels" in the Census Bureau's nomenclature. The national file comprises eight summary levels: United States, regions, divisions, Metropolitan Statistical Areas/Consolidated Metropolitan Statistical Areas, Primary Metropolitan Statistical Areas, American Indian Areas/Alaska Native Areas/Hawaiian Home Lands, states, and the 106th Congressional Districts. Ten summary levels are reported in the state files: state, counties, county subdivisions, places, consolidated cities, Metropolitan Statistical Areas/Consolidated Metropolitan Statistical Areas, Primary Metropolitan Statistical Areas, American Indian Areas/Alaska Native Areas/Hawaiian Home Lands, Alaska Native Regional Corporations, and the 106th Congressional Districts.

The data are provided in 53 ZIP archives: one for each state and one with the national file. Each of these archives comprises four comma-delimited ASCII data files (one per table) and a ZIP archive with the tables in PDF format. The embedded ZIP archive contains a separate PDF file for each iteration of every summary level, an HTML file with an index and links to the PDF files, and a folder with Graphic Interchange Format (GIF) image files which are used by the HTML document.

These data are part of NACJD's Fast Track Release and are distributed as they are received from the data depositor. The files have been zipped by NACJD for release, but not checked or processed except for the removal of direct identifiers. Users should refer to the accompany readme file for a brief description of the files available with this collection and consult the investigator if further information is needed.

This mixed methods study examined the criminal justice outcomes and help-seeking experiences of sexual assault survivors with disabilities. The specific objectives of this study were to:

• Describe criminal justice reporting of sexual assault against persons with disabilities (e.g., number and source of reports, characteristics or survivors and perpetrators, case characteristics, and case outcomes)
• Assess how cases of sexual assault survivors with disabilities proceeded through the criminal court system.
• Describe help-seeking experiences of sexual assault survivors with disabilities from formal and informal sources, including influences on how and where they seek help, their experiences in reporting, barriers to reporting, and outcome of this reporting, drawn from interviews with community based survivors and service providers.

The study contains one data file called 'Data_Sexual Violence Survivors with Disabilities.sav'. This file has 26 variables and 417 cases.

This study sought to evaluate the functional independence in children at a Centers for Pediatric Rehabilitation Teleton (CRIT) facility in Guanajuato, Mexico through the use of the WeeFIM Instrument (0-3 Module). The dataset in this collection was generated in May 2013 from electronic health records for secondary analysis of de-identified data. The goal of CRIT, that this research sought to evaluate, was to improve social integration for children with disabilities in Mexico through comprehensive rehabilitation services, including physical therapy, occupational therapy, neurotherapy, speech therapy, physical and rehabilitation medicine, psychology, social integration, and school for parents.

The collection includes one dataset (35 variables, 5,993 cases). Demographic variables included in the collection: Age, gender, and city of residence.

The Impact of the World Health Organization's (WHO) 8-step Wheelchair Service Provision in Indonesia, 2013-2014 includes data collected in Indonesia by United Cerebral Palsy (UCP) Wheels for Humanity and the University of Pittsburgh. The purpose of this study was to investigate how wheelchairs provided to individuals with mobility impairments related to mobility, participation in society, quality of life, wheelchair skills, wheelchair maintenance, and satisfaction with mobility as compared to a control group.

The dataset includes: age, gender, diagnosis/type of disability, type of wheelchair and use of a wheelchair. Additionally, data includes the following outcome measures: Wheelchair Skills Test, the Wheelchair Assessment Checklist (WAC), the Craig Handicap Assessment Recording Technique Short Form (CHART), World Health Organization Quality of Life-BREF (WHOQOL-BREF) and Functional Mobility Assessment (FMA). The CHART (short form) was designed to provide a simple measure of involvement in life situations and is the most widely used participation measure in rehabilitation research. The 5-item Satisfaction with Life Scale is a global measure of life satisfaction. The Wheelchair Skills Test Questionnaire is used to measure a person's skill in using their wheelchair, such as their capability of putting on brakes, propelling a straight distance, and doing a reaching task from their wheelchair. The Wheelchair Skills Test has been shown to be a safe, valid and reliable method to objectively assess the skills of wheelchair users.

The Language Development of Non-verbal Children Age 3 Years through 7 Years in the Kansas Metro Area is one of the three projects in the Communication of People with MR, 2006 to 2012 Series, which focuses on identifying participant variables that predict success in increasing communication skills of individual with intellectual disabilities. Data for Dataset 1 of this study were collected to illustrate how acquisition of symbolic communication using Voice Output Communication Aid (VOCA) affects the development of successful communication exchanges. For the data collection of Dataset 1, children were recruited by contacting school districts in and near the Kansas City metropolitan area, specifically, in Topeka, Kansas, and Wichita, Kansas. Teachers and speech-language pathologists were asked to nominate any children meeting specific criteria. The 93 children who were enrolled were administered the Mullen Scales of Early Learning and the Preschool Language Scale. A structured play assessment was also administered.

Subsequently, data for Dataset 2 was collected to analyze and compare 19 Spanish-speaking children to the original sample. Both data files contain the results of Complexity of Communication Scale, a measure developed by the Communication of People with MR project.

Multi-method Community Inquiry (R2 Part A): Qualitative Community Inquiry, Michigan was a three-part study designed to enhance understanding of the complex interactions between the person and environment that are associated with healthy aging for individuals with long-term physical disabilities from low-income and minority communities and to identify best practices related to impactful policies, programs, and resources.

This qualitative study conducted remote interviews with adults with long-term physical disabilities and key informant interviews to identify the environmental factors, including the policies, community programs, and personal supports, which are identified as supporting or promoting healthy aging in two low-income and racially/ethnically marginalized communities in Michigan. Potential participants were identified through community and disability organizations and either contacted through mailings or asked to self-identify in response to advertisements in local papers or other outlets. All focus groups and interviews were recorded, transcribed, and analyzed to identify key themes.

Multi-method Community Inquiry (R2 Part B): Surveys of Community Members was the second of a three-part study designed to enhance understanding of the complex interactions between the person and environment that are associated with healthy aging for individuals with long-term physical disabilities from low-income and minority communities and to identify best practices related to impactful policies, programs, and resources.

This study used cross-sectional surveys to identify environmental factors that support healthy aging among individuals with long-term physical disabilities from low-income and minority communities. The specific research questions in this project are:

1. What kinds of systems, policies, and community programs do adults with physical disabilities use and how helpful do they perceive them to be?
2. Does the use of these social recourses improve health outcomes?
3. Do individuals from diverse backgrounds seem to benefit differently from the social resources available to them?

The National Research Mentoring Network (NRMN), an initiative supported by the National Institutes of Health (NIH) Common Fund, was established to support the career development of individuals from diverse backgrounds in biomedical research, with a focus on mentorship and professional development. In its first phase (2014-2019), the NRMN built a network of mentors and mentees from a variety of disciplines, with over 10,000 individuals including more than 7,000 mentors and mentees engaged in research mentorship training or grantsmanship coaching. Phase II (launched in 2019) built on this foundation and focused on investigating longer-term outcomes and studying mentorship interventions. This phase reimagined the NRMN as a consortium consisting of one coordination center (the NRMN Coordination Center), a resource center (the NRMN Resource Center) and 11 independent research studies that focused on mentorship, career development, and professional networking. These studies shared a common goal of exploring how specific mentorship practices influence career outcomes for diverse groups in biomedical research.

The multi-study common measures dataset of NRMN contains data collected using common measures across 10 of the 11 independent research studies conducted under NRMN Phase II (2019-2024). Each study implemented mentorship and career development interventions specific to individuals from diverse backgrounds, career stages, and fields in biomedical research. While study designs and populations varied, all agreed to collect data using a set of community-identified common measures. The common measures dataset was compiled using codebooks and documentation provided by study teams. Where full survey instruments were unavailable, variables were mapped from available materials and cross-checked for consistency. This dataset supports research on mentorship, professional development, and career outcomes in biomedical research.

This study investigated the factors that influenced the career decisions of young physicians and the characteristics of their practices. The collection has five datasets: Public-Use Version of the Young Physicians Survey (Dataset 1), Socioeconomic Monitoring System Study (Dataset 2), ZIP Code Data (Dataset 3), Verbatim Responses to the Open-Ended Questions (Dataset 4), and Restricted-Use Version of the Young Physicians Survey (Dataset 5).

The Public-Use Version of the Young Physicians Survey comprises responses from the Young Physicians Survey (YPS), plus merged data from the American Medical Association (AMA) Masterfile and the Association of American Medical Colleges' Student and Applicant Information Management System (SAIMS) database. The YPS interviewed physicians below 40 years of age who recently completed graduate medical training and were in their early years of practice. These physicians were queried about their graduate medical training, perceptions of the medical profession, current practice arrangements, career decisions, family background, patient care activities, and current income and expenses. To obtain information on current practice arrangements, respondents were questioned about the practices they worked in, including who owned the practices, the number of physicians in each practice, specialties or subspecialties practiced, usual fees for selected services, percentages of revenues from HMOs, PPOs, and IPAs, and percentages of patients who were Medicare patients, had no health insurance coverage, or were poor, Black, Hispanic, severely physically disabled, or chronically mentally ill. Questions on career decisions asked respondents about factors that influenced their career choices, such as reasons for working in multiple practices, reasons for leaving past practices, and reasons for deciding in favor of or against self-employment. Information on family background elicited by the survey includes the respondent's race, marital status, and educational debt, parents' income class and education, number of children living in the respondent's home, and whether the respondent's spouse or parents were physicians. Questions on patient care activities included questions on the number of hours spent providing uncompensated health care to the poor, and the number of hours spent with patients in a variety of settings, such as the office, emergency rooms, hospital outpatient clinics, and operating rooms. Information from the AMA Masterfile and the SAIMS database includes board certification status, AMA membership, school and year of graduation, Medical College Admission Test scores, primary undergraduate institution, most recent grade point averages, place of birth, number of acceptances to United States medical schools, parents' occupations, preferred medical specialty, and preferred practice setting.

Dataset 2 comprises responses from the AMA's Socioeconomic Monitoring System (SMS), a semiannual survey of nonfederal physicians that collected data on topics similar to those in the YPS, such as practice ownership, hours spent seeing patients in various settings, income, expenses, and opinions on practice procedures. The SMS data can be used for comparative analyses of young, prime, and senior physicians.

The ZIP Code Data contain estimates for the composition of the population residing in the ZIP code areas of the YPS respondents' main practices. This includes estimates of the size of each ZIP code area population, as well as its components with respect to gender, age, race, Hispanic ethnicity, and income. Also included are estimates of the number of physicians and their composition with respect to age, sex, practice type, and specialty.

Dataset 4 contains verbatim responses to open-ended questions asked in the YPS.

The Restricted-Use Version of the Young Physicians Survey is the same as the Public-Use Version of the Young Physicians Survey, except for some variables that were restricted from general dissemination for reasons of confidentiality. The restricted-use version includes the restricted variables, but the public-use version does not.

The Requests for Assistance with Adaptive Switches from Individuals with Severe Communication Impairments study is one of the three projects in the Communication of People with MR, 2006 to 2012 Series, which focuses on identifying participant variables that predict success in increasing communication skills of individual with intellectual disabilities. The study data were collected to show how children and adults with profound multiple impairments can learn to request assistance with adaptive switches and to on examine the change from pre-intentional to intentional symbolic communication.

The study examined 77 respondents, ages 2 through 71, by administering three assessments: the Communication Complexity Scale (CCS), the Mullen Scales of Early Learning and a functional vision assessment. The CCS was administered to 68 respondents on up to three occasions. The first occasion of administration was to participants who were pre-intentional communicators. The CCS was administered on a second occasion to participants when they were identified as being on the cusp between pre-intentional and intentional communication. The third and final occasion of administration occurred when participants were identified as "learners" and could express preferences using switches and other means.

The Mullen Scales were administered to 22 of the participants. Of the 77 participants initially selected for the study, 7 did not complete either scale. Vision impairment was identified in 68 respondents, 28 who had no functional use and 41 who had some functional use of their vision.

Adults with intellectual disabilities (ID) face significant physical and mental health disparities. Ethical challenges may discourage their inclusion in research and hinder scientific advancements to reduce these health disparities. Five core groups are adults with ID, individuals who provide informal support to adults with ID, individuals who provide services to adults with ID, ID researchers, and Institutional Review Board (IRB) members. Little is known about these stakeholders' opinions on how to ethically include adults with ID in research. Increasing this knowledge base, especially by inviting input from groups whose opinions are rarely examined, is critical to helping the scientific community devise and deploy sensitive and responsive practices and encouraging research to reduce pressing disparities.

The research's long-term goal is to encourage science that is sensitive to the ethical and social dimensions of research with adults with ID and more inclusive of this population. The research's aim was to qualitatively study the views of adults with ID, persons who provide informal support to adults with ID, and persons who provide services to adults with ID on the participation of adults with ID in self-report research. The focus on self-report research that aims to study the thoughts and experiences of adults with intellectual disability reflects the field's increased emphasis on direct representation in such research and the less clear risks this research may bear.

This study examined how U.S. political leaders publicly framed disability during calendar year 2025, using a systematic discourse analysis of public statements and federal legislation. It also examined how this discourse was reflected in federal education policy, including statements by the Secretary of Education and education-related bills.

The study analyzed 121 public statements about people with disabilities made by White House and Cabinet officials, and 32 federal bills introduced in 2025 that could affect the rights, services, or educational opportunities of individuals with disabilities. Statements were identified through a two-stage process that combined a custom Python-based web-scraping tool, which extracted verbatim, attributed quotations from news articles, press releases, interview transcripts, official speeches, and social media posts using the OpenAI GPT-4 API, with manual verification searches conducted in ChatGPT Plus and Perplexity AI Pro. Federal bills were identified through Congress.gov. All statements were reviewed by the authors to confirm accuracy, attribution, and date. Each statement and bill was independently scored by two human coders and by GPT-4 using an author-developed four-point rubric grounded in the social and human rights models of disability, ranging from 1 (dehumanizing) to 4 (affirming).

The data contain one record per statement, including the speaker's name and title, date, verbatim quotation, source, context, an analysis of the framing, a score from 1 (dehumanizing) to 4 (affirming), and the rationale for the score. The bills data are available on the project website and are not included in this deposit.

The study was approved by the university Institutional Review Board (March 2025) and was preregistered on the Open Science Framework (https://osf.io/hbfe5/).

The Young Children with Physical Disabilities Seattle, Washington study is one of the three projects in the Communication of People with MR, 2006 to 2012 Series, which focuses on identifying participant variables that predict success in increasing communication skills of individual with intellectual disabilities. The study data were collected to show that triadic eye gaze for joint attention can be established in very young children with moderate or severe motor impairments.

Dataset 1 contains 48 cases. Most cases include data on results of the Complexity of Communication Scale, a measure developed by the Communication of People with MR project. In addition, Dataset 1 contains data on a Functional Assessment, the Bayley Scales of Infant and Toddler Development, the Mullen Scales of Early Learning and the Communication and Symbolic Behavior Scales.

Dataset 2 contains data on Triadic Eye Gaze and Coordinated Joint Attention. Participants for Dataset 2 were convenience sampled from birth-to-three centers in Seattle, Washington. There were 18 participants, children with severe physical disabilities between 10 and 24 months of age, who were randomly assigned to one of two groups: (a) an experimental treatment group ( n = 9) or (b) a control group ( n = 9).