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Showing 1 – 27 of 27 results.
Curated

County and City Data Book, 1977 (ICPSR 7697)

Released/updated on: 1992-02-16
Geographic coverage: United States
This study is a compendium of data presented for regions, census divisions, states, counties, cities, Standard Metropolitan Statistical Areas (SMSAs), and standard federal administrative regions in the United States in 1977. The data provide diverse information ranging from government activities to population estimates and characteristics to housing unit descriptors. Included is selected information on government revenues, property taxes, and debts, and expenditures on education, highways, public welfare, health and hospitals, and police and fire, as well as information on births, deaths, schooling, labor force, employment, family income, family characteristics, marriage, divorce, electoral votes, and housing characteristics. Additional variables provide information on manufacturing, retail and wholesale trade, banking, mineral industries, farm population, agriculture, crime, and weather. The data were received from the Census Bureau as five separate files and were merged into one file. See also the related data collections, COUNTY AND CITY DATA BOOK [UNITED STATES] CONSOLIDATED FILE: CITY DATA, 1944-1977 (ICPSR 7735), and COUNTY AND CITY DATA BOOK [UNITED STATES] CONSOLIDATED FILE: COUNTY DATA, 1947-1977 (ICPSR 7736).
Curated

County and City Data Book [United States], 1983 (ICPSR 8256)

Released/updated on: 2008-06-18
Geographic coverage: United States
This data collection consists of three data files: a counties file, a cities file, and a places file. The Counties File (Part 1) provides data on area and population, households, vital statistics, health, Social Security, Supplemental Security Income, crimes, housing, journey to work, education, labor force, personal income, money income, government employment and finances, manufactures, wholesale and retail trade, service industries, banking, elections, and agriculture. It provides data for the nation as a whole, the 50 states, the District of Columbia, and 3,137 counties or county equivalents. There are two physical records (segments) of 1,276 characters for each of the conceptual records in the counties file. Records are sequenced by FIPS state code and, within that, FIPS county code. The Cities File (Part 2) includes, in addition to most of the subjects in the counties file, data on workers in the family, climate, and residential electric bills. The cities file provides data for the 50 states and the District of Columbia and for 957 incorporated cities with 25,000 inhabitants or more in 1980. The sequence of records is FIPS state code and, within that, Census place code. Part 3, the Places File, provides data on land, population, money income, and households. It includes data for the 50 states, District of Columbia, 7,601 places with 2,500 inhabitants or more in 1980, and, for 11 states, 2,368 minor civil divisions (MCDs) with 2,500 inhabitants or more in 1980. Records are sequenced by FIPS state code and, within that, Census place code. For the 11 states for which MCDs are shown, the MCD records follow the place records, which are sorted alphabetically within the state.
Curated

County and City Data Book [United States], 1988 (ICPSR 9251)

Released/updated on: 2009-05-26
Geographic coverage: United States
This collection presents in computer-readable form the data items used to produce the corresponding printed volume of the COUNTY AND CITY DATA BOOK, 1988. Included is a broad range of statistical information, made available by federal agencies and national associations, for counties, cities, and places. Information also is provided for the 50 states, the District of Columbia, and for the United States as a whole. The dataset is comprised of seven files: a county file, a city file, and a place file, with footnote files and data dictionaries for both the county and the city files. The county data file contains information on areas such as age, agriculture, banking, construction, crime, education, federal expenditures, personal income, population, and vital statistics. The city data file includes variables such as city government, climate, crime, housing, labor force and employment, manufactures, retail trade, and service industries. Included in the place data file are items on population and money income.
Curated

County and City Data Book [United States] Consolidated File: City Data, 1944-1977 (ICPSR 7735)

Released/updated on: 2008-04-14
Geographic coverage: United States
Time period: 1944-01-01--1977-01-01
This study is a compendium of data for all cities in the United States with populations greater than 25,000 in the period 1944-1977. The data provide diverse information ranging from city government activities to population estimates and characteristics to housing unit descriptors. Included is information on city government revenues, property taxes, capital outlay, and debts, and expenditures on education, highways, public welfare, health and hospitals, and police, as well as information on births, deaths, schooling, labor force, employment, family income, family characteristics, electoral votes, number of registered voters, and housing characteristics. Additional variables provide information on manufacturing, retail and wholesale trade, banking, mineral industries, farm population, agriculture, crime, and weather. See also the related data collection, COUNTY AND CITY DATA BOOK [UNITED STATES] CONSOLIDATED FILE: COUNTY DATA, 1947-1977 (ICPSR 7736).
Curated

County and City Data Book [United States] Consolidated File: County Data, 1947-1977 (ICPSR 7736)

Released/updated on: 2012-09-18
Geographic coverage: United States
Time period: 1947-01-01--1977-01-01
This data collection is a compendium of data for all counties in the United States for the period 1944 to 1977. The data provide diverse information such as local government activities, population estimates and characteristics, and housing unit descriptors. Also included is information on local government revenues, property taxes, capital outlay, debts, expenditures on education, highways, public welfare, health and hospitals, and police, as well as information on births, deaths, schooling, labor force, employment, family income, family characteristics, electoral votes, and housing characteristics. Additional variables provide information on manufacturing, retail and wholesale trade, banking, mineral industries, farm population, agriculture, crime, and weather. Users may also be interested in the related data collection, COUNTY AND CITY DATA BOOK [UNITED STATES] CONSOLIDATED FILE: CITY DATA, 1944-1977 (ICPSR 7735).
Curated

County Statistics File 1 (CO-STAT): [United States] (ICPSR 8314)

Released/updated on: 2006-01-18
Geographic coverage: North Carolina, Indiana, Wyoming, Utah, Arizona, Montana, Kentucky, California, Kansas, Florida, Delaware, Pennsylvania, Mississippi, Iowa, Illinois, Texas, Connecticut, Georgia, Virginia, Maryland, Idaho, Oregon, Vermont, Oklahoma, Tennessee, Maine, Alabama, Arkansas, Washington, South Carolina, Nebraska, West Virginia, Massachusetts, Colorado, Missouri, Alaska, North Dakota, Wisconsin, Nevada, District of Columbia, Rhode Island, South Dakota, Hawaii, Minnesota, New York (state), New Jersey, Michigan, New Mexico, New Hampshire, Louisiana, Ohio
Data gathered from a variety of federal agencies and private organizations are contained in this collection which provides county statistics. Included in CO_STAT 1 are all data for counties published in the 1983 County and City Data Book and the 1982 State and Metropolitan Area Data Book, as well as a number of statistics not previously published. There are several levels of data (e.g., persons, housing units, and local governments). The collection supplies information on the following general areas: agriculture, banking, crime, education, elections, government, households, health, housing, labor, land area, manufactures, money income, personal income, population, poverty, retail trade, service industries, social insurance and human services, savings and loan associations, veterans, vital statistics, wholesale trade, and journey to work. Records are included for each of the fifty states and the District of Columbia as well as 3,137 counties or county equivalents.
Curated

County Statistics File 2 (CO-STAT 2): [United States] (ICPSR 8662)

Released/updated on: 1992-02-16
Geographic coverage: North Carolina, Indiana, Wyoming, Utah, Arizona, Montana, Kentucky, California, Kansas, Florida, Delaware, Pennsylvania, Mississippi, Iowa, Illinois, Texas, Connecticut, Georgia, Virginia, Maryland, Idaho, Oregon, Vermont, Oklahoma, Tennessee, Maine, Alabama, Arkansas, Washington, South Carolina, Nebraska, West Virginia, Massachusetts, Colorado, Missouri, Alaska, North Dakota, Wisconsin, Nevada, District of Columbia, Rhode Island, South Dakota, Hawaii, Minnesota, New York (state), New Jersey, Michigan, New Mexico, New Hampshire, Louisiana, Ohio
This compilation of data, which was gathered from a variety of federal agencies and private organizations, provides information for the United States as a whole, the 50 states and the District of Columbia, and all 3,139 counties and county equivalents (defined as of January 1, 1983). Data are included for the following general areas: age, ancestry, agriculture, banking, business, construction, crime, education, elections, government, health, households, housing, labor, land area, manufactures, money income, personal income, population, poverty, retail trade, service industries, social insurance and human services, veterans, vital statistics, wholesale trade, and journey to work.
Curated

Current Population Survey, January 2009: Unbanked/Underbanked Supplement (ICPSR 29649)

Released/updated on: 2011-03-08
Geographic coverage: United States

This data collection is comprised of responses from two sets of survey questionnaires, the basic Current Population Survey (CPS) and a survey administered as a supplement to the January 2009 CPS questionnaire on the topic of Unbanked and Underbanked Households. This is the first time this particular supplement was administered.

The CPS, administered monthly, collects labor force data about the civilian noninstitutionalized population living in the United States. Moreover, the CPS provides current estimates of the economic status and activities of this population which includes estimates of total employment (both farm and nonfarm), nonfarm self-employed persons, domestics, and unpaid helpers in nonfarm family enterprises, wage and salaried employees, and estimates of total unemployment. Data from the CPS are provided for the week prior to the administration of the survey.

The Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation (FDIC) sponsored the supplement survey as part of its efforts to bring unbanked and underbanked consumers into the economic mainstream. The FDIC plans to use the results to better inform policy-making on issues related to economic inclusion. The supplement questions were asked of all interviewed households, as appropriate. Respondents were queried on their households banking status, use of financial services, and use of alternative financial services like payday lending. The Unbanked/Underbanked supplement was conducted at the household level.

Demographic variables include age, sex, race, Hispanic origin, marital status, veteran status, educational background, occupation, industry, and income.

Curated

Eurobarometer 52.0: European Parliament Elections, the Single European Currency, and Financial Services, October-November 1999 (ICPSR 2892)

Released/updated on: 2010-04-22
Geographic coverage: Europe, United Kingdom, Portugal, Global, Spain, Greece, Netherlands, Sweden, Austria, Belgium, Luxembourg, Ireland, Finland, Denmark, Italy, France, Germany
Time period: 1999-10-15--1999-11-14
This round of Eurobarometer surveys queried respondents on standard Eurobarometer measures, such as how satisfied they were with their present life, whether they attempted to persuade others close to them to share their views on subjects they held strong opinions about, whether they discussed political matters, how important the role of the European Union (EU) will be in their daily life over the next five years, and how they viewed the need for societal change. Additional questions focused on the respondents' knowledge of and opinions on the EU, including how well-informed they felt about the EU, what sources of information about the EU they used, whether their country had benefited from being an EU member, and the extent of their personal interest in EU matters. Other major areas of focus in the surveys included European Parliament elections, the single European currency (the euro), and respondents' experiences with financial services. Respondents were asked which television news programs they watched, which newspaper(s) they read, and how much attention they gave to politics, social issues, the European Union, the economy, sports, the environment, foreign policy, and culture. They were also asked whether they voted in the most recent European Parliament elections, what their reasons were for voting or not voting, and how they viewed the importance and power of the European Parliament in the European Union. A number of questions probed for respondents' knowledge and use of the euro, whether they worried about changing to the euro, and what they thought about the timing of the change to the euro and about legislation surrounding the euro. Another set of questions queried respondents about financial services and obstacles to using those services, means of payment for important purchases, bank accounts, post office accounts, loans, and mortgages. Standard demographic information was collected on left-right political self-placement, marital status, age at completion of education, current age, sex, number of people in the household, number of children in the household, current occupation, previous occupation, household income,size of locality, and region of residence.
Curated

Eurobarometer 54.0: The Euro, Financial Services, and Information Communication Technologies, October-November 2000 (ICPSR 3208)

Released/updated on: 2010-04-22
Geographic coverage: Europe, United Kingdom, Portugal, Global, Spain, Greece, Netherlands, Sweden, Austria, Belgium, Luxembourg, Ireland, Finland, Denmark, Italy, France, Germany
Time period: 2000-10-07--2000-11-13
This round of Eurobarometer surveys diverged from the standard Eurobarometer measures and queried respondents on the euro (the single European currency), financial services, and information communication technologies. Respondents were asked how informed and how interested they were in the euro, whether the euro's value had been irrevocably fixed against their national currencies, when the general public would be able to make cash-free payments in euros, and when it would no longer be possible to pay in national currencies. They were also asked whether they had already made payments or investments in euros and when they would change their bank accounts to be in euros only. A few questions asked about the euro logo, dual product pricing (prices listed in euros and in national currencies), whether respondents noticed dual prices in stores and, if so, which price they paid attention to, what certain items (e.g., cigarettes, eggs, shoes) would cost in euros, possible difficulties the changeover to the euro would cause for them and for the general public, and if they were worried about certain aspects of the changeover, such as coin and note recognition, being cheated, and making price comparisons. Questions regarding financial services probed for respondents' opinions on various financial institution functions, legislation surrounding financial services, consumer obstacles to using financial services in the European Union (EU), and the necessity of protecting consumers in the use of new technologies connected with financial services. The survey also collected information on respondents' payment preferences for major purchases, payments by telephone, computer, Internet, etc., savings accounts and loans, whether respondents had a checkbook, credit card, mortgage, or overdraft facility on a current account, and whether they were ready to use a pre-paid card to pay for minor purchases. Another set of questions, which focused on information communication technologies, asked whether respondents used a computer, e-mail, or the Internet, and if so, for what purpose, where, and if this changed the way they worked. Computer users were also asked where and why they learned how to use computers, what they used computers for, and what computer training qualifications they had. Currently employed respondents were asked about computer training for their jobs, how important it was to use a computer in their work, if they "teleworked" (i.e., worked away from their normal work place), and if so, in what ways telework affected them personally. Standard demographic information collected includes age, gender, occupation, age at completion of education, number of people in household, number of children under 15 in household, household income, size of locality, and region of residence.
Curated

Eurobarometer 56.0: Information and Communication Technologies, Financial Services, and Cultural Activities, August-September 2001 (ICPSR 3363)

Released/updated on: 2010-06-30
Geographic coverage: Europe, United Kingdom, Portugal, Global, Spain, Greece, Netherlands, Sweden, Austria, Belgium, Luxembourg, Ireland, Finland, Denmark, Italy, France, Germany
Time period: 2001-08-22--2001-09-27
This round of Eurobarometer surveys diverged from standard trend questions, instead focusing on information and communication technologies, financial services, and cultural activities. Respondents were questioned about how important it was to use a computer in their daily lives, whether and where they used a computer, for which uses a computer or the Internet was important, and which other communication products they used, such as cable TV and mobile phones. They were asked what type of computer training they had received, whether they worked remotely (telecommuted), whether communication technologies had been introduced at their workplace, if so, what the outcome had been, and how using a computer, e-mail, or the Internet had changed the way they worked. Respondents were further queried on financial services, governmental legislation of financial services, whether consumer protection standards should be harmonized within the European Union (EU), and what obstacles were preventing consumers from using financial services in the EU. They were asked about their preferred method of paying for significant purchases and the reasons for that preference, whether they used cards with a confidential code, and the types of financial accounts or loans they had. A final section focused on cultural activities and asked respondents which type of television programs they watched, whether they watched videos or DVDs, listened to the radio, or owned a computer, how often they used the Internet and for what purpose, how many books they had read in the past year, whether they read newspapers or magazines, and what types of music they listened to. They were asked to describe cultural activities they engaged in, types of media they had access to at home (such as a television set, records, CDs, video game player, books), and how many television sets, encyclopedias, and books they owned. Demographic and other background information provided includes respondent's age, gender, nationality, marital status, left-right political self-placement, occupation, age at completion of education, household income, region of residence, and subjective size of community.
Curated
Simple Crosstabs

Eurobarometer 79.2: Internal Market, Cultural Activities, Non-Urban Road Use, Science and Technology, and Undeclared Work and Tax Fraud, April-May 2013 (ICPSR 35505)

Released/updated on: 2015-04-16
Geographic coverage: Portugal, Global, Malta, Greece, Netherlands, Sweden, Great Britain, Austria, Latvia, Luxembourg, Ireland, Poland, Slovenia, Slovakia, France, Bulgaria, Lithuania, Croatia, Romania, Hungary, Northern Ireland, Spain, Czech Republic, Belgium, Finland, Denmark, Italy, Germany, Estonia
Time period: 2013-04-01--2013-05-01

The Eurobarometer series is a unique cross-national and cross-temporal survey program conducted on behalf of the European Commission. These surveys regularly monitor public opinion in the European Union (EU) member countries and consist of standard modules and special topic modules. The standard modules address attitudes towards European unification, institutions and policies, measurements for general socio-political orientations, as well as respondent and household demographics. In Eurobarometer 79.2 the standard Eurobarometer module is not included however respondent and household demographics are included. The special topic modules address such topics as agriculture, education, natural environment and resources, public health, public safety and crime, and science and technology.

This round of Eurobarometer surveys cover the following special topics: (1) internal market (2) cultural activities (3) non-urban road use, quality and tolls (4) science and technology, and (5) undeclared work and tax fraud. In regard to the internal market, opinions were collected on the frequency of online purchases, technology used to make orders, types of goods purchased, problems experienced with online shopping, reasons why respondents do not purchase products online from other EU member states and distrust of online retailers. Respondents were asked if they were ever employed in an European state other than their home country and ways to assess quality of professional service providers. In queries on cultural activities, the frequency in which respondents visit museums, the cinema, public libraries in their home country and other EU countries were recorded as well as why they did not participate in cultural activities. Respondents were also asked if they participated in expressive arts such as dancing, writing poems, handicrafts, or playing musical instruments. In regard to non-urban road tolls respondents are polled on the frequency in which they use roads outside of cities, the quality and amount of congestion on those roads, purpose for using those roads. Opinions were collected on whether the government should spend more money on roads and their willingness to pay higher tolls. In the science and technology section, there are questions about interests in and knowledge of developments in science and technology, whether family members have formal credentials in science and technology, their source of information about the latest developments. Additionally, respondents were asked about the usefulness of science and technology. Lastly as it relates to undeclared work in the European Union respondents were asked if they know people who do not declare income, their awareness of the risk of getting caught, the consequences of getting caught and opinions on reasons for doing undeclared work.

Demographic and other background information collected includes age, gender, nationality, marital status and parental relations, occupation, age when stopped full-time education, household composition, ownership of a fixed or a mobile telephone and other durable goods, difficulties in paying bills, level in society, and Internet use. In addition, country-specific data includes type and size of locality, region of residence, and language of interview (select countries).

Curated
Simple Crosstabs

Eurobarometer 79.4: Social Climate, Development Aid, Cyber Security, Public Transport, Anti-Microbial Resistance and Space Technology, May-June 2013 (ICPSR 36038)

Released/updated on: 2015-07-08
Geographic coverage: Portugal, Global, Malta, Greece, Netherlands, Sweden, Great Britain, Austria, Latvia, Luxembourg, Ireland, Poland, Slovenia, Slovakia, France, Bulgaria, Lithuania, Croatia, Romania, Hungary, Europe, United Kingdom, Northern Ireland, Spain, Czech Republic, Belgium, European Union, Finland, Denmark, Italy, Germany, Estonia
Time period: 2013-06-09--2013-06-24

The Eurobarometer series is a unique cross-national and cross-temporal survey program conducted on behalf of the European Commission. These surveys regularly monitor public opinion in the European Union (EU) member countries and consist of standard modules and special topic modules. The standard modules address attitudes towards European unification, institutions and policies, measurements for general socio-political orientations, as well as respondent and household demographics however this collection does not contain standard module questions. The special topic modules address such topics as agriculture, education, natural environment and resources, public health, public safety and crime, and science and technology.

This round of Eurobarometer surveys covers the following special topics: (1) social climate, (2) development aid (3) cyber security (4) public transport (5) Anti-microbial resistance and (6) space technology. In regard to social climate, respondents were asked about their life satisfaction, employment, opinions on healthcare and pension provisions, unemployment benefits, cost of living and asked about past present and future options on the affordability of housing and energy. Lastly thoughts were measured on EU investments and knowledge of the European Social Fund. The development aid section includes questions on the importance of helping developing countries, the Millennium Development Goals, future focus of development policy, and practicality of achieving development goals. Questions in the cyber security section asks about frequency of Internet use, devices used to access the Internet, online activities, confidence in the ability to engage in Internet transactions, online banking concerns, adjustments to Internet use based upon concerns, online harassment and knowledge of cybercrime risks. Queries of public transport/ urban mobility special topic asks about use of car, public transportation, cycling and walking, frequency of travel within cities, problems during travel, opinions on problems in the city, ways to improve city travel, measures to improve travel and responsibility for reducing traffic. Measures taken from the anti-microbial resistance section include use of antibiotics, how antibiotics are obtained, reason for taking antibiotics, knowledge about antibiotics, opinions on group responsibility and knowledge and opinions about use of antibiotics. Lastly, the space technology section asks about the role of space derived technologies, opinions on investing in human space exploration, consequences of climate change, opinions on whether linking space activities to education would encourage students to choose STEM careers, ready to use automated vehicles, opinions on whether space investment will lead to job creation, concerns about asteroids and space-based services, reasons for and against investing in space exploration.

Demographic and other background information collected includes age, gender, nationality, marital status and parental relations, occupation, age when stopped full-time education, household composition, ownership of a fixed or a mobile telephone and other durable goods, difficulties in paying bills, level in society, and Internet use. In addition, country-specific data includes type and size of locality, region of residence, and language of interview (select countries).

Curated

Experiments in Financial Liberalization: The Mexican Banking Sector (ICPSR 20962)

Released/updated on: 2007-09-14
Geographic coverage: Mexico, Global
Since the liberalization of its trade in the mid-1980s, Mexico has pursued an aggressive globalization strategy, which today makes it the country with the most free trade agreements in the world. This liberalization strategy has also included the banking sector, particularly since 1997, when all restrictions to the entry of foreign banks were removed. The history of the banking sector in Mexico includes episodes of nationalization in 1982, privatization in 1992, and near-complete failure in 1995. Since then, however, the Mexican government has undertaken a series of bold reforms that have contributed to the modernization of its financial system. This paper documents the evolution of Mexico's banking sector starting from its nationalization in 1982 and culminating with the increased entry of foreign banks in recent years that has driven the recovery of bank credit to the private sector.
Self-published

The Extent of the Market for Early American Bank Notes (ICPSR 300165)

Released/updated on: 2026-04-21
Geographic coverage: Pennsylvania, United States, Connecticut, United States
Time period: 1842-01-01--1852-01-01

Data provides information on banks issuing notes, banks redeeming notes, the geo-locations of the banks, the miles separating the issuing and redeeming banks, and data on the issuing banks, including capital, total note issues, market discounts on notes in Philadelphia. The unit of analysis is the redeeming bank. The data were collected from state bank reports in Pennsylvania from 1842 and 1848. Additional analysis use data collected from the records of a Connecticut bank note broker. These data include the name of issuing banks, their location, the dollar denomination of notes discounted.

Curated

Is the Banking Industry in Decline? (ICPSR 1068)

Released/updated on: 1996-01-03
Geographic coverage: United States
These data and/or computer programs are part of ICPSR's Publication-Related Archive and are distributed exactly as they arrived from the data depositor. ICPSR has not checked or processed this material. Users should consult the INVESTIGATOR(S) if further information is desired.
Curated

Measuring Commercial Bank Profitability: Proceed With Caution (ICPSR 21301)

Released/updated on: 2007-11-08
Geographic coverage: United States
The federal tax code creates challenges for comparing the profit rates of different banks on a consistent basis. The earnings of banks that elect to operate under subchapter S of the federal tax code are not subject to federal corporate income tax, but shareholders of these "S-banks" are taxed on their pro rata share of the entire earnings of the bank. The number of banks electing subchapter S tax treatment has increased rapidly, especially among small banks. The authors use estimates of the federal corporate income tax that S-banks would pay if they were subject to the tax to show that the difference in the tax treatment of S-banks and other banks has a large impact on measures of United States banking system profitability. Further, the article shows that adjustment of S-bank earnings by estimates of federal income taxes to make them comparable with the earnings of other banks can markedly affect conclusions of studies that use net income as a measure of performance. Finally, the article shows that S-banks (even after their earnings are reduced by estimated federal taxes) tend to out-earn their peers. S-banks also tend to have higher earnings rates than their peers in the year before they elect S-bank status.
Curated

The Microfinance Revolution: An Overview (ICPSR 21580)

Released/updated on: 2008-01-10
Geographic coverage: Bangladesh, United States, Mexico, Bolivia
The Nobel Prize committee awarded the 2006 Nobel Peace Prize to Muhammad Yunus and the Grameen Bank "for their efforts to create economic and social development from below." The microfinance revolution has come a long way since Yunus first provided financing to the poor in Bangladesh. The committee has recognized microfinance as "an important liberating force" and an "ever more important instrument in the struggle against poverty." Although several authors have provided comprehensive surveys of microfinance, our aim is somewhat more modest: This article is intended as a non-technical overview on the growth and development of microcredit and microfinance.
Curated

More Money: Understanding Recent Changes in the Monetary Base (ICPSR 25061)

Released/updated on: 2009-03-11
Geographic coverage: United States
The financial crisis that began in the summer of 2007 took a turn for the worse in September 2008. Until then, Federal Reserve actions taken to improve the functioning financial markets did not affect the monetary base. The unusual lending and purchase of private debt was offset by the sale of United States Treasury securities so that the total size of the balance sheet of the Federal Reserve remained relatively unchanged. In September, however, the Federal Reserve stopped selling securities as it made massive purchases of private debt and issued hundreds of billions of dollars in short-term loans. The result was a doubling of the size of the monetary base in the final four months of 2008. This article discusses the details of the programs that the Federal Reserve has initiated since the crisis began, shows which programs have grown as the monetary base grew, and discusses some factors that will determine whether this rapid increase in the monetary base will lead to rapid inflation.
Curated

Open Market Operations and the Federal Funds Rate (ICPSR 21303)

Released/updated on: 2007-11-08
Geographic coverage: United States
It is commonly believed that the Fed's ability to control the federal funds rate stems from its ability to alter the supply of liquidity in the overnight market through open market operations. This paper uses daily data compiled by the author from the records of the Trading Desk of the Federal Reserve Bank of New York over the period March 1, 1984, through December 31, 1996. The author analyzes the Desk's use of its operating procedure in implementing monetary policy and the extent to which open market operations affect the federal funds rate-- the liquidity effect. The author finds that the operating procedure was used to guide daily open market operations. However, there is little evidence of a liquidity effect at the daily frequency and even less evidence at lower frequencies. Consistent with the absence of a liquidity effect, open market operations appear to be a relatively unimportant source of liquidity to the federal funds market.
Curated

Retail Sweep Programs and Bank Reserves (ICPSR 1236)

Released/updated on: 2001-04-02
Geographic coverage: United States
Since January 1994, the Federal Reserve Board has permitted depository institutions in the United States to implement so-called "retail sweep programs." The essence of these programs is computer software that dynamically reclassifies customer deposits from transaction accounts, which are subject to statutory reserve-requirement ratios as high as 10 percent, to money market deposit accounts, which have a zero ratio. Through the use of such software, hundreds of banks have sharply reduced the amount of their required reserves. In many cases, this new lower requirement places no constraint on the bank because it is less than the amount of reserves (vault cash and deposits at the Federal Reserve) that the bank requires for its ordinary day-to-day business. In the terminology introduced by the authors in a previous article (see MEASURING THE ADJUSTED MONETARY BASE IN AN ERA OF FINANCIAL CHANGE [ICPSR 1169]), such deposit-sweeping activity has allowed these banks to become "economically nonbound" and has reduced to zero the economic burden ("tax") due to statutory reserve requirements. In this analysis, the authors examine a large panel of United States banks and develop quantitative estimates of the impact of sweep software programs on the demand for bank reserves.
Curated

State and Metropolitan Area Data Book [United States]: 1982 (ICPSR 8187)

Released/updated on: 2006-01-18
Geographic coverage: United States
This collection is composed of two files, a State File (Part 1) and a Metropolitan Area File (Part 2), both of which contain statistics gathered from approximately 70 government and private agencies. The State File contains variables on population, households, vital statistics, health, education, crime, social insurance and welfare, housing, land use, labor force and unions, income, utilities, banking, elections, and veterans. Data are available for all states and the District of Columbia, the United States, and Census regions and divisions. The Metropolitan Area File covers the same general topics as the State File. Data are available for the United States, all Standard Metropolitan Statistical Areas (SMSAs), Standard Consolidated Statistical Areas (SCSAs), and metropolitan and nonmetropolitan areas.
Curated
Simple Crosstabs

Survey of Consumer Attitudes and Behavior, August 2000 (ICPSR 35274)

Released/updated on: 2014-10-07
Geographic coverage: United States
The Survey of Consumer Attitudes and Behavior series was undertaken to measure changes in consumer attitudes and expectations, to understand why such changes occur, and to evaluate how they relate to consumer decisions to save, borrow, or make discretionary purchases. Since the 1940s, these surveys have been produced quarterly through 1977 and monthly thereafter. The surveys conducted in 2000 focused on topics such as evaluations and expectations about personal finances, employment, price changes, and the national business situation. Opinions were collected regarding respondents' appraisals of present market conditions for purchasing houses, automobiles, computers, telephones, and other durables. Also explored in this survey, were respondents' types of savings and financial investments, loan use, banking habits, family income, and retirement planning. Other topics in this series typically include ownership, lease, and use of automobiles, respondents' use of personal computers at home and in the office, and respondents' familiarity with and use of the Internet. Demographic information includes ethnic origin, sex, age, marital status, and education.
Curated
Partially restricted
Simple Crosstabs

Survey of Consumer Attitudes and Behavior, March 2004 (ICPSR 35359)

Released/updated on: 2024-10-09
Geographic coverage: United States

The Survey of Consumer Attitudes and Behavior Series (also known as the Surveys of Consumers) was undertaken to measure changes in consumer attitudes and expectations, to understand why such changes occur, and to evaluate how they relate to consumer decisions to save, borrow, or make discretionary purchases. The data regularly include the Index of Consumer Sentiment, the Index of Current Economic Conditions, and the Index of Consumer Expectations. Since the 1940s, these surveys have been produced quarterly through 1977 and monthly thereafter.

The surveys conducted in 2004 focused on topics such as evaluations and expectations about personal finances, employment, price changes, and the national business situation. Opinions were collected regarding respondents' appraisals of present market conditions for purchasing houses, automobiles, computers, and other durables. Also explored in this survey, were respondents' types of savings and financial investments, loan use, family income, and retirement planning.

Other topics in this series typically include ownership, lease, and use of automobiles, respondents' use of personal computers at home and in the office, respondents' familiarity with and use of the Internet, and respondents' use of electronic banking. Demographic information includes ethnic origin, sex, age, marital status, and education.

Curated
Partially restricted
Simple Crosstabs

Survey of Consumer Attitudes and Behavior, May 2004 (ICPSR 35361)

Released/updated on: 2024-11-07
Geographic coverage: United States
Time period: 2004-04-01--2004-05-01

The Survey of Consumer Attitudes and Behavior series (also known as the Surveys of Consumers) was undertaken to measure changes in consumer attitudes and expectations, to understand why such changes occur, and to evaluate how they relate to consumer decisions to save, borrow, or make discretionary purchases. The data regularly include the Index of Consumer Sentiment, the Index of Current Economic Conditions, and the Index of Consumer Expectations. Since the 1940s, these surveys have been produced quarterly through 1977 and monthly thereafter.

The surveys conducted in 2004 focused on topics such as evaluations and expectations about personal finances, employment, price changes, and the national business situation. Opinions were collected regarding respondents' appraisals of present market conditions for purchasing houses, automobiles, computers, and other durables. Also explored in this survey, were respondents' types of savings and financial investments, loan use, family income, and retirement planning.

Other topics in this series typically include ownership, lease, and use of automobiles, respondents' use of personal computers at home and in the office, and respondents' familiarity with and use of the Internet. Demographic information includes ethnic origin, sex, age, marital status, and education.

Curated
Simple Crosstabs

Survey of Consumer Attitudes and Behavior, October 1999 (ICPSR 35230)

Released/updated on: 2014-09-19
Geographic coverage: United States
The Survey of Consumer Attitudes and Behavior series was undertaken to measure changes in consumer attitudes and expectations, to understand why such changes occur, and to evaluate how they relate to consumer decisions to save, borrow, or make discretionary purchases. Since the 1940s, these surveys have been produced quarterly through 1977 and monthly thereafter. The surveys conducted in 1999 focused on topics such as evaluations and expectations about personal finances, employment, price changes, and the national business situation. Opinions were collected regarding respondents' appraisals of present market conditions for purchasing houses, automobiles, computers, telephones, and other durables. Also explored in this survey, were respondents' types of savings and financial investments, loan use, banking habits, family income, and retirement planning. Other topics in this series typically include ownership, lease, and use of automobiles, respondents' use of personal computers at home and in the office, and respondents' familiarity with and use of the Internet. Demographic information includes ethnic origin, sex, age, marital status, and education.
Curated

United States Historical Data on Bank Market Structure, 1896-1955 (ICPSR 2393)

Released/updated on: 1998-04-06
Geographic coverage: United States
This collection consists of annual statewide aggregates for a variety of bank market structure variables in the United States. The data span 60 years from 1896 to 1955 and include information for all 50 states. These time-series data, collected in 1992-1994, pertain to historical bank market structure, soundness, and performance. Balance sheet data are presented for national and non-national banks, while income statement data are available only for national banks. Other variables include state population, state branching law, total loans, total deposits, number of national banks, and bank debits.