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Sequencing Terrorists' Precursor Behaviors: A Crime Specific Analysis, United States, 1980-2012 (ICPSR 36676)

Released/updated on: 2018-04-23
Geographic coverage: United States
Time period: 1980-01-01--2012-12-31

These data are part of NACJD's Fast Track Release and are distributed as they were received from the data depositor. The files have been zipped by NACJD for release, but not checked or processed except for the removal of direct identifiers. Users should refer to the accompanying readme file for a brief description of the files available with this collection and consult the investigator(s) if further information is needed.

This study identified the temporal dimensions of terrorists' precursor conduct to determine if these behaviors occurred in a logically sequenced pattern, with a particular focus on the identification of sequenced patterns that varied by group type, group size, and incident type. The study specifically focused on how these pre-incident activities were associated with the successful completion or prevention of terrorist incidents and how they differed between categories of terrorism. Data utilized for this study came from the American Terrorism Study (ATS), a database that includes "officially designated" federal terrorism cases from 1980-October 1, 2016, collected for the National Institute of Justice.

The project focused on three major issues related to terrorists' precursor behaviors:

  • A subgroup analysis of temporal, crime-specific patterns by group type,
  • The nature of the planning process, and
  • Factors associated with the outcomes of terrorist incidents (success or failure).

The collection contains 2 SPSS data files, Final_Hypothesis_Data_Set.sav (n=550; 16 variables) and Final_Sequencing_Antecedent_Temporal.sav (n=2354; 16 variables), and 1 plain text file, Recode_Syntax.txt.

Curated

CBS News/Vanity Fair Monthly Poll, November 2009 (ICPSR 30402)

Released/updated on: 2011-07-29
Time period: 2009-11-01--2009-11-30
This poll, fielded November 6-8, 2009, is a part of a continuing series of monthly surveys that solicits public opinion on the presidency and on a range of other political and social issues. Respondents were asked whether they spent more or less money and shopping time on extra nonessential items due to the recession, whether they could explain the "public option" in the healthcare debate, and who they thought was the most conservative voice of America. Respondents were also asked which president respondents would add to Mount Rushmore if they could, which event of 2009 surprised them most, and whether they thought it was sometimes justified for the Central Intelligence Agency (CIA) to perform assassinations. Information was collected on how often respondents used the United States Postal Service, respondents' opinions about the domestic militias that are critical of the president and federal government, what country respondents would want to raise their children in, which lost artifact they would like to find, and what behavior they were most likely to display at their holiday party that year. Other questions addressed personal finances, job security, and respondents' opinions of gay marriage. Demographic information includes sex, age, race, education level, household income, military service, religious preference, reported social class, type of residential area (e.g., urban or rural), political party affiliation, political philosophy, voter registration status, and whether respondents thought of themselves as born again Christians.
Curated

Study of Political Violence Attitudes, Personal Experiences with Violence, Emotional Reactions to Assassination and Violence in the Media, 1968 (ICPSR 7354)

Released/updated on: 2010-10-13
Geographic coverage: United States
Time period: 1968-01-01--1968-12-31
This study, conducted in October 1968 by Louis Harris and Associates, Inc., focused on respondents' opinions about violence in the United States as well as their personal experiences with violence. In addition, several questions were asked concerning both news and entertainment media, including respondents' media preferences and which form of news media they relied upon for obtaining information on specific issues. Respondents were asked to rate television networks with respect to violent programming content and to state their opinions on television violence and its effects. Further questions sought to ascertain in what instances, both personal and political, respondents would be moved to specific acts of violence, and in what instances they would tolerate violence in others. A number of variables assessed knowledge of and feelings toward the assassination of public figures such as Dr. Martin Luther King, the Kennedys, and George Lincoln Rockwell. In addition respondents were asked about their interest in government and the presidential campaign of November 1968. Party preference, party identification, and anticipated presidential choice were ascertained, as well as opinions on Vietnam and civil rights. Demographic information includes age, sex, marital status, occupation, religion, income, and participation in the armed services.
Curated

Asian State National Attributes, 1956-1968 (ICPSR 5018)

Released/updated on: 2009-11-06
Geographic coverage: Afghanistan, Cambodia, United States, Sri Lanka, Japan, Philippines, China (Peoples Republic), Malaysia, Burma, Thailand, Global, India, New Zealand, South Korea, Great Britain, Pakistan, Asia, Taiwan, Australia, France, Laos, Soviet Union, Indonesia, Vietnam (Socialist Republic)
Time period: 1956-01-01--1968-12-31
This data collection provides information on the national attributes of 17 Asian nations in the period 1956-1968. Data are provided for economic, political, and physical attributes of the various nations. Information is provided on the gross national product (GNP), cost of living index, index of agricultural production, military expenditures, population size, size and orientation of the Communist Party, size of the armed forces, political strikes, riots, anti-government demonstrations, organized armed attacks, armed attacks with external involvement, on-going insurgency supported by the Soviet Union, assassination of officials, political turmoil and strikes, riots, irregular power transfers, government censorship, economic aid from intergovernmental organizations, and United Nations vote on acceptance of Communist China.
Curated

Ghanaian Public Opinion on the Middle East Conflict in Lebanon and the Palestinian Territories, 2006 (ICPSR 4653)

Released/updated on: 2007-04-13
Geographic coverage: Ghana, Global
Time period: 2006-01-01--2006-12-31
This survey, conducted August 21 to December 5, 2006, was used to gather public opinion in Ghana on issues such as Israel's military response to the capture of three Israeli soldiers in July 2006, Hezbollah's, Hamas', and Iran's in the ensuing conflict, and the United States' reaction to the Middle East crisis. Respondents were asked to give their opinion as to whether Hamas and Hezbollah were political or terrorist organizations. They also gave their opinions as to whether various countries' military actions were justified and who they thought was responsible for various military actions. Respondents were asked if they thought Hezbollah and Israel were fighting a proxy war for other countries. They were also asked if they thought the United States, other Western countries, and Israel were indifferent to the loss of life in Lebanon, the Gaza Strip, and the West Bank. Another set of questions dealt with bringing peace to the Middle East. Respondents were asked if they thought diplomatic efforts were being prolonged in hopes that Israel could achieve its battlefield objective of defeating Hezbollah. They were also asked if they thought Syria, Lebanon, the Palestinians, and Israel could reconcile themselves to a peaceful existence. Demographic variables include sex, age, marital status, nationality, religion, education level, and political ideology.
Curated

Cohorts, Chronology, and Collective Memories (ICPSR 1318)

Released/updated on: 2006-01-31
Geographic coverage: United States
We asked Americans to tell us the national and world events that they believe to have been especially important since the 1930's, using replicated cross-section surveys carried out in 1985, in 2000, and September 11, 2001. Our primary interests are, first, in how collective memories change as new events occur, such as the end of the Cold War or the 9/11 terrorist attack, and second, in whether the origin of such memories during the critical period of adolescence and early adulthood, as well as their connection with education, remain stable over time and consistent with theory. As part of our investigation we consider four related issues: collective forgetting as well as collective remembering. The distinction between ease of recalling events and judgments of their importance. Compound events which are composed of sub-events that can be remembered separately by respondents. And larger social and technological changes difficult or impossible to date with any precision. Panel data from the second and third surveys, obtained shortly before and after 9/11, aid in determining which earlier collective memories were superseded by the terrorist attack itself.
Curated

Domestic Conflict Behavior, 1919-1966 (ICPSR 5003)

Released/updated on: 2006-01-12
Geographic coverage: Benin, Cambodia, Sudan, Paraguay, Portugal, Syria, North Korea, Greece, Mongolia, Latvia, Morocco, Iran, Mali, Panama, Guatemala, Iraq, Chile, Laos, Nepal, Argentina, Ghana, India, Canada, Turkey, Belgium, Finland, South Africa, Central African Republic, Peru, Germany, Yemen, Vietnam (Socialist Republic), United States, Guinea, China (Peoples Republic), Chad, Somalia, Madagascar, Ivory Coast, Thailand, Libya, Costa Rica, Sweden, Poland, Jordan, Nigeria, Bulgaria, Tunisia, Uruguay, Sri Lanka, United Arab Emirates, Switzerland, Spain, Lebanon, Liberia, Cuba, Venezuela, Czech Republic, Burkina Faso, Mauritania, Israel, Australia, Estonia, Myanmar, Cameroon, Cyprus, Malaysia, Iceland, Global, Gabon, South Korea, Great Britain, Austria, Yugoslavia, El Salvador, Luxembourg, Brazil, Ecuador, Hungary, Japan, Albania, New Zealand, Senegal, Italy, Honduras, Ethiopia, Haiti, Afghanistan, Bolivia, Russia, Saudi Arabia, Netherlands, Pakistan, Ireland, France, Lithuania, Romania, Togo, Niger, Philippines, Nicaragua, Norway, Democratic Republic of Congo, Denmark, Dominican Republic, Mexico, Indonesia
Time period: 1919-01-01--1966-12-31
The data for this study were collected to provide information on patterns of domestic conflict behavior in 111 independent countries for the years 1919-1966. The variables record the occurrence of riots, anti-government demonstrations, purges, major government crises, strikes, coups, revolutions, assassinations, and guerrilla war. Data exist for the full 42 years for 52 of the countries, but for the other 59 countries data exist for less than 42 years. Data may be obtained in either of two formats: nations as cases or nation/years as cases. In the first format one case would be "Canada" and possible variables would be "riots-1919," etc. In the second format, "Canada-1919" and "Canada-1920" would be possible cases, and "riots" would appear as a variable.
Curated

Detroit Area Study, 1991: Collective Memories (ICPSR 2160)

Released/updated on: 2005-12-15
Geographic coverage: Detroit, United States, Michigan
Time period: 1991-01-01--1991-12-31

For this survey, respondents were asked to consider key historical national and world events since 1930 and to describe the impact of these events upon their lives and why these events seemed especially important. The list of events respondents were queried about included the invention of the television, the decline of communism in eastern Europe, the Korean War, the Great Depression, the civil rights movement, the assassination of President John F. Kennedy, space exploration, terrorism and hostage-taking, and the threat of nuclear war. Those queried were also asked about events or changes that were especially poignant to them and whether they kept memorabilia from the past, such as items from World War II, the Holocaust, or the Vietnam War. Specific questions on the events of World War II were included in the survey. Respondents also answered questions regarding events or changes related to their own interests, such as religion, sports, music, television, and films. Background information includes religion, marital status, education, employment, political orientation, and income.

Curated

Data Bank of Assassinations, 1948-1967 (ICPSR 5208)

Released/updated on: 2003-06-09
Geographic coverage: Myanmar, Cyprus, Cambodia, Sudan, Malaysia, Paraguay, Portugal, Iceland, Global, Syria, North Korea, Greece, South Korea, Austria, Yugoslavia, El Salvador, Morocco, Iran, Luxembourg, Panama, Brazil, Guatemala, Iraq, Chile, Laos, Ecuador, Colombia, Argentina, Hungary, Japan, Zambia, Ghana, India, Albania, New Zealand, Canada, Turkey, Belgium, Finland, Italy, Honduras, Peru, Germany, Ethiopia, Haiti, Afghanistan, United States, Egypt, China (Peoples Republic), Thailand, Bolivia, Libya, Costa Rica, Saudi Arabia, Netherlands, Sweden, Pakistan, Ireland, Poland, France, Jordan, Bulgaria, Tunisia, Romania, Uruguay, Sri Lanka, Philippines, United Kingdom, Switzerland, Spain, Lebanon, Liberia, Cuba, Venezuela, Czech Republic, Nicaragua, Norway, Denmark, Dominican Republic, Mexico, Zimbabwe, Israel, Australia, Soviet Union, Indonesia
Time period: 1948-01-01--1967-12-31
This study contains data on 409 assassination events that occurred in 84 countries in the period 1948-1967. The data cover plotted, attempted, or actual assassinations of prominent public figures, such as top government officeholders and military figures, leaders of large trade unions or religious movements, and leaders of minority groups. For each event, information is provided on the country, date, and location of occurrence, the issue involved, the identity of the assassin and of the target, such as the type of group to which the assassin belonged and the political and social position of the target, and the outcome of the event.
Curated

Domestic Violence, International Behavior and National Attributes of Developing Nations, 1962-1967 (ICPSR 5013)

Released/updated on: 1992-02-16
Geographic coverage: Benin, Myanmar, Cameroon, Cyprus, Cambodia, Sudan, Malaysia, Paraguay, Portugal, Global, Syria, Greece, Gabon, South Korea, Yugoslavia, El Salvador, Morocco, Iran, Mali, Panama, Brazil, Guatemala, Algeria, Iraq, Chile, Laos, Nepal, Ecuador, Colombia, Argentina, Tanzania, Ghana, India, Albania, Turkey, Senegal, Taiwan, Honduras, Trinidad and Tobago, Central African Republic, Jamaica, Peru, Ethiopia, Yemen, Vietnam (Socialist Republic), Haiti, Afghanistan, Guinea, China (Peoples Republic), Chad, Somalia, Sierra Leone, Madagascar, Ivory Coast, Thailand, Bolivia, Libya, Costa Rica, Saudi Arabia, Pakistan, Jordan, Nigeria, Bulgaria, Tunisia, Togo, Uruguay, Sri Lanka, Niger, Philippines, United Arab Emirates, Kenya, Spain, Lebanon, Liberia, Cuba, Venezuela, Nicaragua, Burkina Faso, Mauritania, Democratic Republic of Congo, Dominican Republic, Mexico, Uganda, Israel, Indonesia
Time period: 1962-01-01--1967-12-31
The data for this collection were merged from four other ICPSR studies: COMPARATIVE FOREIGN POLICY LEARNING PACKAGE (ICPSR 5703), WORLD HANDBOOK OF POLITICAL AND SOCIAL INDICATORS II: CROSS-NATIONAL AGGREGATE DATA, 1950-1965 (ICPSR 5027), WORLD HANDBOOK OF POLITICAL AND SOCIAL INDICATORS II: ANNUAL EVENTS DATA, 1948-1967 (ICPSR 5028), and the World Military Expenditures data series. Data are provided on the international and domestic conflict behavior and national attributes of 85 developing nations (as defined by the United States Arms Control and Disarmament Agency) in the period 1962-1967. Included are data on cooperative and conflict events received and sent, various socioeconomic indicators (all for mid-1960s), and various yearly domestic conflict data aggregated to the period 1962-1964 and 1965-1967. Yearly frequencies for each type were aggregated into three-year scores. Domestic conflict behavior variables measure the occurrences of riots, armed attacks, demonstrations, government sanctions and executions, assassinations, irregular power transfers, political strikes, interventions, and deaths from domestic violence. Socioeconomic variables itemize gross national product (GNP), military, educational, and health expenditures, United States' economic aid per capita, population growth rates, energy consumption per capita, literacy rates, and ethno-linguistic fractionalization.
Curated

Political Events Project, 1948-1965 (ICPSR 5206)

Released/updated on: 1992-02-16
Geographic coverage: Myanmar, Cyprus, Cambodia, Sudan, Malaysia, Paraguay, Portugal, Iceland, Global, Syria, Greece, South Korea, Austria, El Salvador, Iran, Luxembourg, Panama, Brazil, Guatemala, Iraq, Chile, Laos, Ecuador, Colombia, Argentina, Hungary, Japan, Ghana, India, Albania, New Zealand, Canada, Turkey, Belgium, Taiwan, Finland, South Africa, Italy, Peru, Germany, Ethiopia, Haiti, Afghanistan, United States, Egypt, China (Peoples Republic), Thailand, Bolivia, Libya, Costa Rica, Saudi Arabia, Netherlands, Sweden, Pakistan, Ireland, Poland, Slovakia, France, Jordan, Bulgaria, Tunisia, Romania, Uruguay, Sri Lanka, Philippines, United Kingdom, Switzerland, Spain, Lebanon, Liberia, Cuba, Venezuela, Czech Republic, Nicaragua, Norway, Denmark, Dominican Republic, Mexico, Israel, Australia, Soviet Union, Indonesia
Time period: 1948-01-01--1965-12-31
This study contains data on 6,754 political instability events in 84 selected nations in the period 1948-1965. These data, which permit measurement of political instability and the correlates of internal conflict behavior, are concerned with conflict directed by groups and individuals in the prevailing political system against other groups or persons, and with uncovering the determinants of stability within all national political systems. The variables in the dataset are divided into four basic types: variables that identify events, classify events, describe events, and evaluate events. The study provides a conflict intensity rating for each event. Political instability events are classified from low to high and include institutionally prescribed elections, the fall of cabinets, martial laws, assassinations of significant group leaders, mass arrests, coup d'etats, and civil wars.
Curated

Perceptions of the 1963 Presidential Transition (ICPSR 7231)

Released/updated on: 1992-02-16
Geographic coverage: United States
Time period: 1964-01-01--1964-12-31
This study contains a subset of items from the SURVEY OF CONSUMER FINANCES, 1964 (ICPSR 7444) that focused on the public's perception of the presidential transition subsequent to the assassination of President Kennedy. Variables assessed respondents' political preferences and opinions of the Johnson administration as compared with Kennedy's. Other questions probed the respondents' views on business conditions, unemployment, and foreign policy. Demographic variables include sex, age, race, religious preference, party identification, education, income, and occupation.
Curated

World Handbook of Political and Social Indicators II, 1948-1967: Annual Event Data (ICPSR 5028)

Released/updated on: 1992-02-16
Geographic coverage: Asia, Europe, Africa, North America, Global, Latin America
This dataset contains information on eighteen types of political events aggregated by year to the nation level for years 1948-1967. The events included are riots, deaths from political violence, political assassinations, armed attacks, elections, protest demonstrations, regime support demonstrations, political strikes, renewals of power, unsuccessful executive transfers, unsuccessful irregular transfers, irregular power transfers, executive adjustments, regular executive transfers, executions, acts of negative sanctions, acts of relaxation of political restrictions, and external interventions. Sources are THE NEW YORK TIMES and the Associated Press. Data were collected by the World Data Analysis Program at Yale University.
Curated

World Handbook of Political and Social Indicators II, 1948-1967: Daily Event Data (ICPSR 5215)

Released/updated on: 1992-02-16
Geographic coverage: Asia, Europe, Africa, North America, Global, Latin America
This dataset contains information for 57,268 daily occurrences of seventeen types of political events: riots, deaths from political violence, political assassinations, armed attacks, elections, protest demonstrations, regime support demonstrations, political strikes, renewals of power, unsuccessful executive transfers, unsuccessful irregular transfers, irregular power transfers, executive adjustments, regular executive transfers, executions, acts of negative sanctions, and acts of relaxation of political restrictions. The data are recorded at daily intervals for each event group for each country during the twenty-year period 1948-1967. For example, two riots in a country on the same day appear as one record or case, but one riot and one election in a country on the same day appear as two separate records. Seven sources were used including THE NEW YORK TIMES INDEX and the Associated Press.
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