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The purpose of the 2015 Local Arts Agency (LAA) Census was to characterize the different ways that LAAs perform their vital roles in every community. LAAs share the goals of enabling diverse forms of arts and culture to thrive locally, ensuring broad accessibility to the public, and building healthier communities through the arts.

The census provides details about LAA staffing and oversight, services and programs, partnerships and collaborations in the community, grantmaking, diversity within staff/volunteers/board and diversity in programming, marketing and communications practices, arts education, services for the military, and operating revenues and expenditures, and more. For a more detailed listing of question groups, please refer to the Description of Variables below.

This study contains data from the two forms of the surveys (Full and Abbreviated--a subset of the Full survey). These surveys were distributed online to 4,377 individual Local Arts Agencies in the United States which were known to Americans for the Arts in 2015. A total of 1,127 LAAs responded to the census survey. 641 submitted the Full survey; 486 completed the Abbreviated survey. The overall response rate was 26%.

The data is contained in two separate datasets comprising results from the two surveys. The Full Survey (dataset 1) contains data from the 641 respondents who completed the long survey. The Combined Surveys (dataset 2) contains responses from both the 486 respondents of the abbreviated survey as well the corresponding 641 responses from the full survey for a total of 1,127 respondents. The rate of response from large and mid-sized LAAs was very high, while small and volunteer-driven LAAs were underrepresented in the survey respondents.

The National Household Education Surveys Program (NHES) provides descriptive data on the educational activities of the U.S. population and offers researchers, educators, and policymakers a variety of statistics on the condition of education in the United States. The NHES surveys cover learning at all ages, from early childhood to school age through adulthood. The most recent data collection in 2012 consisted of two surveys: Parent and Family Involvement in Education and Early Childhood Program Participation.

Parent and Family Involvement in Education (PFI) captures data on parent engagement and school choice for students in kindergarten through 12th grade. Parents are surveyed on a range of topics, including assistance with homework, family activities, and involvement in school affairs. Arts-related inquiries within PFI include frequency of arts and crafts activities, attendance at school events such as plays or science fairs, engagement in artistic endeavors, visits to cultural institutions like art galleries or museums, and potential interference of health conditions with participation in extracurricular activities.

The Adolescent Brain Cognitive Development (ABCD) Study SM is the largest long-term study of brain development and child health in the United States. The National Institutes of Health (NIH) funded leading researchers in the fields of adolescent development and neuroscience to conduct this ambitious project. The ABCD Research Consortium consists of a Coordinating Center, a Data Analysis, Informatics & Resource Center, and 21 research sites across the country, which have invited 11,880 children ages 9-10 to join the study. Researchers will track their biological and behavioral development through adolescence into young adulthood.

Arts measures in ABCD include how can arts experiences be best used to enhance development of each individual? How can arts experience be best used to promote health and address developmental disorders? And also, how can neuroscience research provide a foundation for rational approaches to how we integrate arts into development?

ABCD enables us to track a trajectory of broad measures of cortical area thickness of the brain over time and see whether individuals keep on with the mean, go higher, lower, and so forth. And what factors might affect those trajectories.The data shows the relationship between music engagement and brain and behavioral developmental trajectories in childhood and adolescence, using rich characterization of brain, behavior, demographics, and genetics available in ABCD.

Arts experiences in ABCD are captured largely as part of something called the activities questionnaire, which is a pretty detailed questionnaire given to parents, which includes detailed information about participation in a wide range of activities, which include many different sports, but also performance in the arts, music, dance, drama, visual and crafts. Activities such as active engagement, learning, lessons, playing in bands, creating art (school, outside school, private lessons, and self-study). The data offers insights into effects of arts-related activities on cognitive outcomes like fluid and crystallized intelligence, executive function, working memory-specific measures, risk scores for IQ, and educational attainment.

Watch the recording of NADAC's webinar featuring Dr. Gay Dowling, Director of the Adolescent Brain Cognitive Development (ABCD) Project, and Dr. Iversen, a cognitive neuroscientist. Dr. Dowling provides an overview of the ABCD study, while Dr. Iversen discusses the arts-specific measures within the ABCD data and explains how these measures, combined with comprehensive brain and cognitive assessments, reveal the impact of the arts on brain development.

Additional ABCD resources:

• The Sound Health Network

• The ABSD Data Dictionary

• NIMH Data Archive

• ABCD GitHub

• ABCD Study Infographics

The Alvin Ailey American Dance Theater Performance Dataset, 1958-89, was developed to support the Radical Accounting project, which explores the transmission of dance knowledge and the historical growth of Alvin Ailey American Dance Theater (AAADT) from a small touring company to a global institution. The dataset, curated by Kate Elswit and Harmony Bench, comprises detailed records of 4,143 performances in 505 cities across 66 countries, compiled and verified using over 30,000 archival documents and personal materials. It highlights previously underdocumented venues and events, foregrounds the collective histories of dance artists, and aims for accuracy through extensive archival research and consultation with company legacy holders.

Commissioned for the Whitney Museum's "Edges of Ailey" exhibition, the dataset excludes related troupes and solo performances not billed as AAADT, instead focusing on public performances, repertory, and venues connected directly to AAADT between 1958 and 1989.

The accompanying user guide clarifies curation decisions and explains the relational structure of the data to support robust historical research.

The American Community Survey (ACS) is an ongoing statistical survey that samples a small percentage of the population every year -- giving communities the information they need to plan investments and services. The 5-year public use microdata sample (PUMS) for 2008-2012 is a subset of the 2008-2012 ACS sample. It contains the same sample as the combined PUMS 1-year files for 2008, 2009, 2010, 2011 and 2012. This data collection provides a person-level subset of 124,023 respondents whose occupations were coded as arts-related in the 2008-2012 ACS PUMS.

The 2008-2012 PUMS is the fourth 5-year file published by the ACS. This data collection contains five years of data for the population from households and the group quarters (GQ) population. The GQ population and population from households are all weighted to agree with the ACS counts which are an average over the five year period (2008-2012). The ACS sample was selected from all counties across the nation.

The ACS provides social, housing, and economic characteristics for demographic groups covering a broad spectrum of geographic areas in the United States and Puerto Rico. Demographic variables include sex, age, relationship of person to the selected respondent, race, and Hispanic origin. Social characteristics variables include school enrollment, educational attainment, marital status, fertility, grandparents caring for children, veteran status, type of disability, health insurance, place of birth, United States citizenship status, year of entry, year of naturalization, language spoken at home, and ancestry. Variables focusing on economic characteristics include employment status, commuting to work, occupation, industry, class of worker, income and benefits, and poverty status.

The American Community Survey (ACS) is an ongoing statistical survey that samples a small percentage of the population every year -- giving communities the information they need to plan investments and services. The 5-year public use microdata sample (PUMS) for 2010-2014 is a subset of the 2010-2014 ACS sample. It contains the same sample as the combined PUMS 1-year files for 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013 and 2014. This data collection provides a person-level subset of 127,392 respondents whose occupations were coded as arts-related in the 2010-2014 ACS PUMS.

The 2010-2014 PUMS is the sixth 5-year file published by the ACS. This data collection contains five years of data for the population from households and the group quarters (GQ) population. The GQ population and population from households are all weighted to agree with the ACS counts which are an average over the five year period (2010-2014). The ACS sample was selected from all counties across the nation.

The ACS provides social, housing, and economic characteristics for demographic groups covering a broad spectrum of geographic areas in the United States and Puerto Rico. Demographic variables include sex, age, relationship of person to the selected respondent, race, and Hispanic origin. Social characteristics variables include school enrollment, educational attainment, marital status, fertility, grandparents caring for children, veteran status, type of disability, health insurance, place of birth, United States citizenship status, year of entry, year of naturalization, language spoken at home, and ancestry. Variables focusing on economic characteristics include employment status, commuting to work, occupation, industry, class of worker, income and benefits, and poverty status.

The American Community Survey (ACS) is an ongoing statistical survey that samples a small percentage of the population every year -- giving communities the information they need to plan investments and services. The 5-year public use microdata sample (PUMS) for 2011-2015 is a subset of the 2011-2011 ACS sample. It contains the same sample as the combined PUMS 1-year files for 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014 and 2015. This data collection provides a person-level subset of 129,895 respondents whose occupations were coded as arts-related in the 2011-2015 ACS PUMS.

The 2011-2015 PUMS is the seventh 5-year file published by the ACS. This data collection contains five years of data for the population from households and the group quarters (GQ) population. The GQ population and population from households are all weighted to agree with the ACS counts which are an average over the five year period (2011-2015). The ACS sample was selected from all counties across the nation.

The ACS provides social, housing, and economic characteristics for demographic groups covering a broad spectrum of geographic areas in the United States. Demographic variables include sex, age, relationship of person to the selected respondent, race, and Hispanic origin. Social characteristics variables include school enrollment, educational attainment, marital status, fertility, grandparents caring for children, veteran status, type of disability, health insurance, place of birth, United States citizenship status, year of entry, year of naturalization, language spoken at home, and ancestry. Variables focusing on economic characteristics include employment status, commuting to work, occupation, industry, class of worker, income and benefits, and poverty status.

The special tabulations of artists, taken from the 2015-2019 American Community Survey, were prepared by the Bureau of the Census at the request of the National Endowment for the Arts (NEA). These tables show labor force estimates for detailed artist occupations for the United States as a whole; each of the 50 states, the District of Columbia, and Puerto Rico; and the largest 25 metropolitan areas.

The American Community Survey (ACS) is a nationwide survey designed to provide reliable and timely social, economic, housing, and demographic data every year. It provides estimates on a broad range of population, housing unit, and household characteristics for states, counties, cities, school districts, congressional districts, census tracts, block groups, and many other geographic areas. In 2010, the ACS replaced the census long form as the nation's source of social and economic data for population and housing characteristics.

The American Community Survey (ACS), conducted by the U.S. Census Bureau, replaced the long form of the decennial census in 2000. The ACS allows researchers, policy makers, and others access to timely information about the U.S. population to make decisions about infrastructure and distribution of federal funds. The monthly survey is sent to a sample of approximately 3.5 million U.S. addresses, including the District of Columbia and Puerto Rico. The ACS includes questions on topics not included in the decennial census, such as those about occupations and employment, education, and key areas of infrastructure like internet access and transportation.

When studying large geographic areas, such as states, researchers can use a single year's worth of ACS data to create population-level estimates. However, the study of smaller groups of the population, such as those employed in arts-related fields, requires additional data for more accurate estimation. Specifically, researchers often use 5-year increments of ACS data to draw conclusions about smaller geographies or slices of the population. Note, the Census Bureau produced 3-year estimates between 2005 and 2013 (resulting in seven files: 2005-2007, 2006-2008, 2007-2009, . . . 2011-2013), which remain available but no additional 3-year estimate files have been created.

Individuals wishing to describe people working in occupations related to the arts or culture should plan to use at least five years' worth of data to generate precise estimates. When selecting data from the U.S. Census Bureau or IPUMS USA, users should select data collected over 60 months, such as 2020-2024. NADAC's Guide to Creating Artist Extracts and Special Tabulations of Artists from the American Community Survey provides information about the occupation codes used to identify artists.

The American Community Survey: Public Use Microdata Sample: Artist Extract, 2018-2022 can be downloaded from the IPUMS USA website. The extract captures information on the number of artists, by occupation, demographic group, and other individual characteristics.

To explore social, housing, and economic characteristics within the arts sector, the 2018-2022 ACS 5-year sample can narrowed down to only respondents in arts-related occupations (identified by the variable name: OCC):

• 1300 Architects, Except Naval

• 2600 Artists and Related Workers

• 2630 Designers

• 2700 Actors

• 2710 Producers and Directors

• 2740 Dancers and Choreographers

• 2750 Musicians, Singers, and Related Workers

• 2760 Entertainers and Performers, Sports and Related Workers, All Other

• 2700 Announcers

• 2850 Writers and Authors

• 2910 Photographers

• 2920 Television, Video, and Motion Picture Camera Operators and Editors

Users can also visit the IPUMS USA website to analyze the 2018-2022 ACS 5-year sample online in the IPUMS SDA system.

About the American Community Survey (ACS): The ACS is an ongoing statistical survey that samples a small percentage of the population every year -- giving communities the information they need to plan investments and services. The 5-year public use microdata sample (PUMS) for 2018-2022 is a subset of the 2015-2019 American Community Survey (ACS) and Puerto Rico Community Survey (PRCS) samples. It contains the same sample as the combined PUMS 1-year files for 2018, 2019, 2020, 2021, and 2022. The 2018-2022 ACS 5-year PUMS contains five years of data for housing units (HUs) and the population from households and the group quarters (GQ) population. The GQ population, housing units and population from households are all weighted to agree with the ACS counts, which are an average over the five year period. The ACS sample is selected from all counties across the nation and all municipios in Puerto Rico.

The 5-year dataset is a 5-in-100 national random sample of the population, comprising all households and individuals from the 1% American Community Survey (ACS) samples for 2018, 2019, 2020, 2021, and 2022, identifiable by year. It includes persons in group quarters and is weighted. The smallest identifiable geographic unit is the PUMA, which contains at least 100,000 persons and does not cross state boundaries. However, the updating of some geography variables has been delayed due to the usage of two different census definitions (2010 and 2020) of PUMA across the five years in the sample. Regarding data quality issues caused by the COVID-19 pandemic, the Census Bureau revised its methodology for weighting households in the 2017-2020 5-year sample, resulting in larger coefficients of variation for some key estimates. Users should proceed with caution when using the 2020 1-year ACS PUMS file and should not compare it to other ACS years in the multi-year data samples. Please see ACS and COVID-19: Guidance for Using the PUMS with Experimental Weights for more information.

Additionally, data collection errors occurred in certain years, notably in 2016, 2017, and 2019, affecting specific variables in particular counties. These errors should be considered when analyzing the data. Users should read the FAQ on the multi-year data.

The American Community Survey (ACS) is an ongoing statistical survey that samples a small percentage of the population every year -- giving communities the information they need to plan investments and services. The 5-year public use microdata sample (PUMS) for 2012-2016 is a subset of the 2012-2012 ACS sample. It contains the same sample as the combined PUMS 1-year files for 2012, 2013, 2014, 2015 and 2016. This data collection provides a person-level subset of 133,781 respondents whose occupations were coded as arts-related in the 2011-2015 ACS PUMS.

The 2012-2016 PUMS is the seventh 5-year file published by the ACS. This data collection contains five years of data for the population from households and the group quarters (GQ) population. The GQ population and population from households are all weighted to agree with the ACS counts which are an average over the five year period (2012-2016). The ACS sample was selected from all counties across the nation.

The ACS provides social, housing, and economic characteristics for demographic groups covering a broad spectrum of geographic areas in the United States. For a more detailed list of variables of what these categories include please see the decriptions of variables section.

• Visit the IPUMS USA website to download the 2015-2019 ACS 5-year sample
• Restrict the downloaded sample to a subset of respondents in arts-related occupations (variable name: OCC):

• OCC Code Occupation Name
• 1300 Architects, Except Naval
• 2600 Artists and Related Workers
• 2630 Designers
• 2700 Actors
• 2710 Producers and Directors
• 2740 Dancers and Choreographers
• 2750 Musicians, Singers, and Related Workers
• 2760 Entertainers and Performers, Sports and Related Workers, All Other
• 2700 Announcers
• 2850 Writers and Authors
• 2910 Photographers
• 2920 Television, Video, and Motion Picture Camera Operators and Editors

The 2015 American Housing Survey marks the first release of a newly integrated national sample and independent metropolitan area samples. The 2015 release features many variable name revisions, as well as the integration of an AHS Codebook Interactive Tool available on the U.S. Census Bureau Web site. This data collection provides information on representative samples of each of the 15 largest metropolitan areas across the United States, which are also included in the integrated national sample (available as ICPSR 36801). The metropolitan area sample also features representative samples of 10 additional metropolitan areas that are not present in the national sample. The U.S. Department of Housing and Urban Development (HUD) and the U.S. Census Bureau intend to survey the 15 largest metropolitan areas once every 2 years.

To ensure the sample was representative of all housing units within each metro area, the U.S. Census Bureau stratified all housing units into one of the following categories: (1) A HUD-assisted unit (as of 2013); (2) Trailer or mobile home; (3) Owner-occupied and one unit in structure; (4) Owner-occupied and two or more units in structure; (5) Renter-occupied and one unit in structure; (6) Renter-occupied and two or more units in structure; (7) Vacant and one unit in structure; (8) Vacant and two or more units in structure; and (9) Other units, such as houseboats and recreational vehicles.

The data are presented in three separate parts: Part 1, Household Record (Main Record); Part 2, Person Record; and Part 3, Project Record. Household Record data includes questions about household occupancy and tenure, household exterior and interior structural features, household equipment and appliances, housing problems, housing costs, home improvement, neighborhood features, recent moving information, income, and basic demographic information. The Household Record data also features four rotating topical modules: Arts and Culture, Food Security, Housing Counseling, and Healthy Homes. Person Record data includes questions about personal disabilities, income, and basic demographic information. Finally, Project Record data includes questions about home improvement projects. Specific questions were asked about the types of projects, costs, funding sources, and year of completion.

The 2015 American Housing Survey marks the first release of a newly integrated national sample and independent metropolitan area samples. The 2015 release features many variable name revisions, as well as the integration of an AHS Codebook Interactive Tool available on the U.S. Census Bureau We site. This data collection provides information on the characteristics of a national sample of housing units in 2015, including apartments, single-family homes, mobile homes, and vacant housing units. Data from the 15 largest metropolitan areas in the United States are included in the national sample survey (the AHS 2015 Metropolitan Data are also available as ICPSR 36805). The data are presented in three separate parts: Part 1, Household Record (Main Record), Part 2, Person Record, and Part 3, Project Record.

Household Record data includes questions about household occupancy and tenure, household exterior and interior structural features, household equipment and appliances, housing problems, housing costs, home improvement, neighborhood features, recent moving information, income, and basic demographic information. The household record data also features four rotating topical modules: Arts and Culture, Food Security, Housing Counseling, and Healthy Homes.

Person Record data includes questions about personal disabilities, income, and basic demographic information. Finally, the Project Record data includes questions about home improvement projects. Specific questions were asked about the types of projects, costs, funding sources, and year of completion.

The American Housing Survey (AHS) is a longitudinal survey sponsored by United States Department of Housing and Urban Development (HUD) and conducted by the U.S. Census Bureau (Census). It was first conducted annually between 1973 and 1981 and then biennially from 1983 onward. The purpose of the survey is to provide current and continuous series of data on selected housing and demographic characteristics. The AHS collects data on occupied and vacant housing units and the survey is conducted biennially between May and September of odd-numbered years. HUD and Census make the survey data available for public use.

To better understand the impact of arts and culture on the United States housing choice, the National Endowment of the Art's Office of Research and Analysis (ORA) worked with HUD and the Census to ask a series of questions in the 2015 AHS. The questions, which form the Arts and Cultural Events Module as a supplement to the core data, were designed to better understand the role of arts and culture in United States households' neighborhood choice, their satisfaction with the arts and cultural activities available in their neighborhood and their perception of the impact of arts and culture on neighborhood economic and community development. For additional information related to the core AHS data, please see ICPSR 36753, American Housing Survey (AHS) - Table Creator.

Arts-related variables in the dataset include the importance of living near arts and cultural events, the impact arts and cultural events had on the neighborhood and economy, opportunities for greater interactions, and the encouragement of other people or cultures.

The American Housing Survey (AHS), the most comprehensive housing survey in the U.S., provides up-to-date information on the size and composition of the housing stock in our country. This survey delivers information about the types of homes in which people are now living and the characteristics of these homes, as well as the costs of running and maintaining them. National data are collected every other year and metropolitan area data are collected on a rotating basis. The AHS is sponsored by the Department of Housing and Urban Development (HUD) and conducted by the U.S. Census Bureau.

The AHS Table Creator gives data users the ability to create customized tables from the AHS data without having to use the Public Use File (microdata).

Like the microdata, the AHS Table Creator provides current information on a wide range of housing subjects, including size and composition of the nation's housing inventory, vacancies, fuel usage, physical condition of housing units, characteristics of occupants, equipment breakdowns, home improvements, mortgages and other housing costs, people eligible for and beneficiaries of subsidized housing, home values, and characteristics of recent movers.

For the first time since 1985, the survey selected new national and metropolitan area longitudinal samples. In addition to the "core" data, the AHS collected "topical" data using a series of topical modules. The 2015 AHS includes topical supplements on 1) the presence of arts and cultural opportunities in the community, 2) health and safety hazards in the home, 3) food insecurity, and 4) the use of housing counseling services. Data users can also explore the new national and metropolitan area longitudinal samples as well as the topical supplements using the AHS Table Creator.

Policy analysts, program managers, budget analysts, and Congressional staff use the AHS data and table creator to monitor supply and demand, as well as changes in housing conditions and costs, in order to assess housing needs. Analyses based on the AHS are used to advise the executive and legislative branches in the development of housing policies. HUD uses the AHS to improve efficiency and effectiveness and design housing programs appropriate for different target groups, such as first-time home buyers and the elderly. Academic researchers and private organizations also use AHS data in efforts of specific interest and concern to their respective communities.

The AHS is conducted every two years from May and September in odd-numbered years. HUD sometimes adjusts this schedule and/or sample depending on budget constraints. Public use microdata and reports are released approximately 12 months after data collection.

The American Time Use Survey (ATUS) is the Nation's first federally administered, continuous survey on time use in the United States. This multi-year data collection contains information on the amount of time (in minutes) that people spent doing various activities on a given day, including the arts activities, in the years 2003 through 2023.

Data collection for the ATUS began in January 2003. Sample cases for the survey are selected monthly, and interviews are conducted continuously throughout the year. In 2023, approximately 9,000 individuals were interviewed. Estimates are released annually. ATUS sample households are chosen from the households that completed their eighth (final) interview for the Current Population Survey (CPS), the nation's monthly household labor force survey. ATUS sample households are selected to ensure that estimates will be nationally representative. One individual age 15 or over is randomly chosen from each sampled household. This "designated person" is interviewed by telephone once about his or her activities on the day before the interview--the "diary day."

The ATUS Activity Coding Lexicon is a 3-tiered classification system with 17 first-tier categories. Each of the first-tier categories has two additional levels of detail. Respondents' reported activities are assigned 6-digit activity codes based on this classification system.

Additionally, the study provides demographic information--including sex, age, ethnicity, race, education, employment, and children in the household.

IMPORTANT: The 2020 ATUS was greatly affected by the coronavirus (COVID-19) pandemic. Data collection was suspended in 2020 from mid-March to mid-May. ATUS data files for 2020 contain all ATUS data collected in 2020--both before and after data collection was suspended. For more information, please visit BLS's ATUS page.

The weighting method was changed for 2020 to account for the suspension of data collection in early 2020 due to the COVID-19 pandemic. Respondents from 2020 will have missing values for the replicate weights on this data file. The Pandemic Replicate weights file for 2019-20 contains 160 replicate final weights for each ATUS final weight created using the 2020 weighting method. Chapter 7 of the ATUS User's Guide provides more information about the 2020 weighting method.

This data collection is comprised of responses from two sets of survey questionnaires, the basic Current Population Survey (CPS) and a survey administered as a supplement to the February 2013 basic CPS questionnaire. The supplement, on the topic of public participation in the arts in the United States, was sponsored by the National Endowment for the Arts.

The CPS, administered monthly, collects labor force data about the civilian noninstitutional population aged 15 years old or older living in the United States. Moreover, the CPS provides current estimates of the economic status and activities of this population which includes estimates of total employment (both farm and nonfarm), nonfarm self-employed persons, domestics, and unpaid helpers in nonfarm family enterprises, wage and salaried employees, and estimates of total unemployment. The basic CPS data are provided on labor force activity for the week prior to the survey. In addition, CPS provides respondents' demographic characteristics such as age, sex, race, marital status, educational attainment, family relationship, occupation, and industry.

In addition to the basic CPS questions, the February 2013 Annual Arts Basic Survey (AABS) questions were asked of the CPS respondent and spouse as well as another randomly selected household member aged 18 or older and his/her spouse. About one-quarter of the sampled households were asked the supplement questions. Interview numbers 3 and 7 were asked the supplement questions. If the selected person had a spouse or partner then questions were also asked of the spouse/partner. The supplement contained questions about the sampled member's participation in various artistic activities from February 2012 through February 2013. Questions were asked about the type of artistic activity attended including attending a live music, theater, or dance performance. Questions also included attending a live book reading or a poetry or storytelling event, an art exhibit, going to the movies or to see a film, or taking any lessons or classes in music or music appreciation. Interviews were conducted during the period of February 17-23, 2013. The total sample size of the 2013 AABS was 150,827 Americans, ages 18 and older.

This data collection is comprised of responses from two sets of survey questionnaires, the basic Current Population Survey (CPS) and a survey administered as a supplement to the February 2014 basic CPS questionnaire. The supplement, on the topic of public participation in the arts in the United States, was sponsored by the National Endowment for the Arts.

The CPS, administered monthly, collects labor force data about the civilian noninstitutional population aged 15 years old or older living in the United States. Moreover, the CPS provides current estimates of the economic status and activities of this population which includes estimates of total employment (both farm and nonfarm), nonfarm self-employed persons, domestics, and unpaid helpers in nonfarm family enterprises, wage and salaried employees, and estimates of total unemployment. The basic CPS data are provided on labor force activity for the week prior to the survey. In addition, CPS provides respondents' demographic characteristics such as age, sex, race, marital status, educational attainment, family relationship, occupation, and industry.

In addition to the basic CPS questions, the February 2014 Annual Arts Basic Survey (AABS) questions were asked of the CPS respondent and spouse as well as another randomly selected household member aged 18 or older and his/her spouse. About one-quarter of the sampled households were asked the supplement questions. Interview numbers 3 and 7 were asked the supplement questions. If the selected person had a spouse or partner then questions were also asked of the spouse/partner. The supplement contained questions about the sampled member's participation in various artistic activities from February 2013 through February 2014. Questions were asked about the use of pottery, ceramics, jewelry, leatherwork, metalwork and woodwork. They were also asked about weaving, crocheting, needlepoint, knitting, sewing, and whether they played a musical instrument. Questions also included doing any acting, singing or dance. Interviews were conducted during the period of February 16-22, 2014. The total sample size of the 2014 AABS was 150,443 Americans, ages 18 and older.

This data collection is comprised of responses from two sets of survey questionnaires, the basic Current Population Survey (CPS) and a survey administered as a supplement to the February 2015 basic CPS questionnaire. The supplement, on the topic of public participation in the arts in the United States, was sponsored by the National Endowment for the Arts.

The CPS, administered monthly, collects labor force data about the civilian noninstitutional population aged 15 years old or older living in the United States. Moreover, the CPS provides current estimates of the economic status and activities of this population which includes estimates of total employment (both farm and nonfarm), nonfarm self-employed persons, domestics, and unpaid helpers in nonfarm family enterprises, wage and salaried employees, and estimates of total unemployment. The basic CPS data are provided on labor force activity for the week prior to the survey. In addition, CPS provides respondents' demographic characteristics such as age, sex, race, marital status, educational attainment, family relationship, occupation, and industry.

In addition to the basic CPS questions, the February 2015 Annual Arts Basic Survey (AABS) questions were asked of the CPS respondent and spouse as well as another randomly selected household member aged 18 or older and his/her spouse. About one-quarter of the sampled households were asked the supplement questions. Interview numbers 3 and 7 were asked the supplement questions. If the selected person had a spouse or partner then questions were also asked of the spouse/partner. The supplement contained questions about the sampled member's participation in various artistic activities from February 2014 through February 2015. Questions were asked about the type of artistic activity attended including attending a live music, theater, or dance performance. Questions also included attending a live book reading or a poetry or storytelling event, an art exhibit, going to the movies or to see a film, or taking any lessons or classes in music or music appreciation. Interviews were conducted during the period of several days in February 2015. The total sample size of the 2015 AABS was 151,788 Americans, ages 18 and older.

This data collection is comprised of responses from two sets of survey questionnaires, the basic Current Population Survey (CPS) and a survey administered as a supplement to the February 2016 basic CPS questionnaire. The supplement, on the topic of public participation in the arts in the United States, was sponsored by the National Endowment for the Arts.

The CPS, administered monthly, collects labor force data about the civilian noninstitutional population aged 15 years old or older living in the United States. Moreover, the CPS provides current estimates of the economic status and activities of this population which includes estimates of total employment (both farm and nonfarm), nonfarm self-employed persons, domestics, and unpaid helpers in nonfarm family enterprises, wage and salaried employees, and estimates of total unemployment. The basic CPS data are provided on labor force activity for the week prior to the survey. In addition, CPS provides respondents' demographic characteristics such as age, sex, race, marital status, educational attainment, family relationship, occupation, and industry.

In addition to the basic CPS questions, the February 2016 Annual Arts Basic Survey (AABS) questions were asked of the CPS respondent and spouse as well as another randomly selected household member aged 18 or older and his/her spouse. About one-quarter of the sampled households were asked the supplement questions. Interview numbers 3 and 7 were asked the supplement questions. If the selected person had a spouse or partner then questions were also asked of the spouse/partner. The supplement contained questions about the sampled member's participation in various artistic activities from February 2015 through February 2016. Questions were asked about the use of pottery, ceramics, jewelry, leatherwork, metalwork and woodwork. They were also asked about weaving, crocheting, needlepoint, knitting, sewing, and whether they played a musical instrument. Questions also included doing any acting, singing or dance. Interviews were conducted during the period of February 14-20, 2016. The total sample size of the 2016 AABS was 150,294 Americans, ages 18 and older.

The Annual Business Survey (ABS) is conducted jointly by the U.S. Census Bureau and the National Center for Science and Engineering Statistics within the National Science Foundation. It provides information on selected economic and demographic characteristics for businesses and business owners by sex, ethnicity, race, and veteran status.

The ABS can be used to examine demographic characteristics of U.S. business-owners in arts-related sectors such as arts, entertainment, and recreation; information services; professional, scientific, and technical services; educational services; manufacturing; and retail trade.

The 2022 ABS data tables include tables on design activities (tables 62-65), which encompass arts, entertainment, and recreation industries. These tables can be freely viewed and downloaded from the NCSES website:

• Table 62: Companies with design activities, by industry: 2021
• Table 63: Companies with design activities, by company size: 2021
• Table 64: Companies that provided resources for design activities, by industry: 2021
• Table 65: Companies that provided resources for design activities, by company size: 2021

Founded at the Detroit Institute of Arts in 1954, the Archives of American Art collects, preserves, and makes available primary sources documenting the history of the visual arts in the United States. The collection contains items of American culture over the past 200 years and consists of more than 20 million letters, diaries, scrapbooks, manuscripts, financial records, photographs, films, and audiovisual recordings of artists, dealers, collectors, critics, scholars, museums, galleries, associations, and other art world figures. The Archives also houses the largest collection of oral histories anywhere on the subject of art.

Data users can begin searching through the collections on the Explore the Collections page.

The Artists Training and Career Project, conducted by the Research Center for Arts and Culture (RCAC), studied the training and career choices and patterns of actors, craftspeople, and painters through national surveys of a sampling of artists in each discipline. Topics include training and preparation for painting and craft careers, acceptance in the marketplace, critical evaluation, public response, involvement in professional organizations, and career satisfaction. As a complement to the surveys, RCAC also conducted personal narrative interviews with artists and related experts. The survey of craftspeople was conducted in 1990 and included 1,257 respondents. The survey of painters was conducted in 1991 and included 889 respondents. As well, the survey of actors was conducted in 1992. Funding for the study was provided by the Andrew W. Mellon Foundation and the New York Foundation for the Arts (NYFA).

Also archived at ICPSR and available for research purposes are 1381 ACTORS' EQUITY surveys (AEA) and 528 non-EQUITY (non-AEA) (total 1909). These surveys are in hard copy, and there may be costs associated with access to these materials. Please contact [email protected] if you are interested in using the data.

Digital data for The Artists Training and Career Project: Actor were not provided for the NADAC or CPANDA version of this data collection.

The first wave of the Art Museum Director Survey was launched in early 2020. It examined strategy and leadership issues from the perspective of the directors of art museums across the United States. Respondents were asked about their role as museum directors, their strategic priorities and leadership practices, budgeting and resources allocations, current and expected future staffing, their institutions' public trust and engagement with new and existing audiences, collections care and stewardship, their institutions' fiscal health and financial viability, and organizational and talent management.

Conducted prior to the COVID-19 pandemic (the survey's closure was on March 30th 2020), the data from the first wave of the survey offer a glimpse into pre-pandemic perspectives and priorities of art museums.

Launched in April 2022, the second wave of the Art Museum Director Survey offers insights into the evolving strategies of museums over the past two years, covering governance, leadership, collections, public engagement, staffing, and budgets. It also evaluates shifts in directors' perspectives since the onset of the COVID-19 pandemic and explores responses to other national and international crises.

Demographic variables include respondents' institutions' admission fees, years in their current position, years in the museum sector, their highest degree earned, the position they held prior to their current position as a museum director, the staff size of the museum, and the type of museum (academic or municipal).

These data were gathered on behalf of the Andrew W. Mellon Foundation, in partnership with the American Alliance of Museums (AAM) and the Association of Art Museum Directors (AAMD). The goal of the survey was to study the representational diversity within art museums through quantitative means. The survey instrument, developed by Ithaka S+R, was administered to directors of AAMD and AAM member art museums. The first cycle of data were collected in 2015 (February-March 2015), the second cycle in 2018 (July-September 2018), and the third cycle in 2022 (February-April 2022). The collected data were sent to researchers at Ithaka S+R, who appended, cleaned and analyzed the data, and presented findings in a public research report.

The survey collected demographic and employment data for over 30,000 museum employees. About 27,000 of these are employed at AAMD museums, and approximately 3,000 are from (non-AAMD) AAM member museums. 332 art museums responded to the survey in 2018 and 136 of them also participated in the survey in 2015. The third cycle gathered data from 328 museums in North America between February and April 2022, encompassing records for over 30,000 individuals.

The 2018 instrument was slightly expanded to capture additional specifics of the composition of art museum employees. For the third cycle, significant enhancements were made to the survey instrument, particularly in expanding the position and race categories, separating categories such as "Finance" and "Human Resources," as well as "Information Technology" and "Web Development," which were combined in the previous survey. Additionally, new positions such as "Librarian," "Public Engagement," and "Diversity/Equity/Inclusion" were included to better track changes in these areas. The data gathered in the third wave of the study offer valuable insights into the evolving demographics of the museum sector and the pandemic's impact on staffing.

The Arts and Cultural Production Satellite Account (ACPSA) is produced through the partnership between the United States Bureau of Economic Analysis (BEA) and the National Endowment for the Arts (NEA). Built with the BEA's input-output (I-O) accounts, the ACPSA provides detailed statistics that illustrate the impact of arts and cultural production on the United States economy. Specifically, this account provides an assessment of the arts and cultural sector's contributions to gross domestic product (GDP).

For years 1998 to 2023, the ACPSA presents annual statistics about the following items: (1) Output of detailed arts and cultural commodities and the industries producing these commodities; (2) employment and compensation within these industries; (3) arts and cultural value added by industry; and (4) commodity-flow details for arts and cultural production products.

**Please note that due to BEA's 2023 comprehensive updates to the national, industry, and state economic accounts, these statistics supersede all prior ACPSA statistics provided previously and should not be combined with previous years of the ACPSA.**

In the data tables provided, the statistics fall under two broad categories: (1) core arts and cultural production and (2) supporting arts and cultural production. The core category contains the commodities in which the output primarily contributes to arts and culture. Performing arts, museums, design services, and arts education are included in the core category. The supporting category consists of commodities that support the core category through publication, dissemination of the creative process, or other supportive functions. This category contains event promotion, printing, and broadcasting.

The seven national-level data tables provided for each year from 1998 to 2023 include:

• Table 1. Production of Commodities by Industry
• Table 2. Output and Value Added by Industry
• Table 3. Supply and Consumption of Commodities
• Table 4. Employment and Compensation of Employees by Industry
• Table 5. Total ACPSA-related Employment by Industry
• Table 6. Output by ACPSA Commodity
• Table 7. Real Output by Commodity

The tables report selected forms of arts participation for U.S. states and the District of Columbia. State-level figures are reported for those estimates with coefficients of variation under 30 percent, at 90 percent confidence. The period refers to the 12 months ending February 2020.

The data were derive from the 2020 Arts Basic Survey (ABS), a supplement to the Current Population Survey, and sponsored by the National Endowment for the Arts.

The following state-level tables are included:

• Table 1A. Percent of U.S. adults who work with pottery, ceramics, or jewelry, or who create visual art such as paintings, sculpture, or graphic designs, by state
• Table 1B. Percent of U.S. adults do leatherwork, metalwork, or woodwork, or who weave, crochet, quilt, do needlepoint, knit, or sew, by state
• Table 1C. Percent of U.S. adults who play a musical instrument, by state
• Table 1D. Percent of U.S. adults who perform or practice any singing, by state
• Table 1E. Percent of U.S. adults who create any films or videos, or who take any photographs, as artistic activities, by state
• Table 1F. Percent of U.S. adults who attend live music, theater, or dance events, by state
• Table 1G. Percent of U.S. adults who go to art exhibits, by state
• Table 1H. Percent of U.S. adults who go out to the movies or go to see films, by state
• Table 1I. Percent of U.S. adults who visit buildings, neighborhoods, parks, or monuments for their historical, architectural, or design value, by state
• Table 1J. Percent of U.S. adults who read literature (novels or short stories, poetry, or plays), by state
• Table 1K. Percent of U.S. adults who use a device to watch, listen to, or download any music, theater, dance, or creative writing, or information about these art forms, by state

For information about the 2020 ABS, please visit the 2020 ABS study homepage.

The 2018 Arts Basic Survey (ABS) was conducted by the U.S. Census Bureau as a supplement to the Current Population Survey. This data collection is comprised of responses from two sets of survey questionnaires, the basic Current Population Survey (CPS) and a survey administered as a supplement to the February 2018 basic CPS questionnaire. The supplement, on the topic of public participation in the arts in the United States, was sponsored by the National Endowment for the Arts.

The CPS, administered monthly, collects labor force data about the civilian noninstitutional population aged 15 years old or older living in the United States. Moreover, the CPS provides current estimates of the economic status and activities of this population which includes estimates of total employment (both farm and nonfarm), nonfarm self-employed persons, domestics, and unpaid helpers in nonfarm family enterprises, wage and salaried employees, and estimates of total unemployment. The basic CPS data are provided on labor force activity for the week prior to the survey. In addition, CPS provides respondents' demographic characteristics such as age, sex, race, marital status, educational attainment, family relationship, occupation, and industry.

The ABS captures data on American's participation in the arts through personal performance and creation. Examples include the share of adults who: play a musical instrument; perform or practice singing, dance, or acting; take photographs for artistic purposes; and engage in textile arts such as knitting, crocheting, or embroidery. Questions were also asked about the use of pottery, ceramics, jewelry, leatherwork, metalwork and woodwork. The 2018 ABS sample size was 18,116.

The 2020 Arts Basic Survey (ABS) was conducted by the U.S. Census Bureau as a supplement to the Current Population Survey (CPS). This data collection is comprised of responses from two sets of survey questionnaires, the basic CPS and a survey administered as a supplement to the February 2020 basic CPS questionnaire. The supplement, on the topic of public participation in the arts in the United States, was sponsored by the National Endowment for the Arts.

The CPS, administered monthly, collects labor force data about the civilian noninstitutional population aged 15 years old or older living in the United States. Moreover, the CPS provides current estimates of the economic status and activities of this population which includes estimates of total employment (both farm and nonfarm), nonfarm self-employed persons, domestics, and unpaid helpers in nonfarm family enterprises, wage and salaried employees, and estimates of total unemployment. The basic CPS data are provided on labor force activity for the week prior to the survey. In addition, CPS provides respondents' demographic characteristics such as age, sex, race, marital status, educational attainment, family relationship, occupation, and industry.

The ABS captures data on American's participation in the arts through attendance at arts events and personal performance and creation of art. The respondent 18 years of age or older and his/her spouse as well as a second randomly selected person and his/her spouse/partner as applicable were asked the supplement questions. The 2020 ABS sample size was 34,995. Questions asked included the following:

• Do any leisure activities such as working with pottery, ceramics or jewelry, leatherwork, woodwork, or any weaving, crocheting, needlepoint, knitting, or sewing.
• Play a musical instrument.
• Perform any acting, dancing, or singing. Take part in any visual artistic activity or creative writing.

ArtScan, a project of the Arts Education Partnership, is a searchable clearinghouse of the latest state policies supporting education in and through the arts from all 50 states and the District of Columbia.

Since 1999, the Arts Education Partnership has tracked state policies for arts education in the 50 states and the District of Columbia. In 2013, AEP, with the cooperation of Education Commission of the States, merged its State Policy Database with the Education Commission of the States' database, ArtScan. To update the information for the 2014 edition of ArtScan, AEP staff conducted a comprehensive search of state education statutes and codes on each state's relevant websites. The new structure for the 2014 ArtScan allows users to explore the data in multiple ways, including a state-level profile for all policy areas, a comparison of selected states and policy areas, and several types of 50-state reports.

There are at least five ways to engage with the data housed in ArtScan.

• Capture a snapshot of all the data ArtScan has to offer about your state including state policies in 14 policy areas.
• Create custom side-by-side comparison reports using a search engine that allows you to choose individual states and policy areas/data points of interest to you.
• Compare the policies of all 50 states and the District of Columbia within specific policy areas (e.g. requirements for high school art education).
• Explore a summary of state policies for arts education identified in statute or code for all 50 states and the District of Columbia.
• Learn more about ArtScan and explore an analysis of the findings in A Snapshot of State Policies for Arts Education (March 2014).

ArtsEdSearch is an online clearinghouse that collects and summarizes high quality research studies on the impacts of arts education and analyzes their implications for educational policy and practice.

ArtsEdSearch is a project of the Arts Education Partnership (AEP), and builds on Critical Links: Learning in the Arts and Student Academic and Social Development, a compendium of research that AEP published in 2002 exploring the impact of arts education on student success in school, life, and work. AEP has developed ArtsEdSearch as a resource for policymakers and education stakeholders and leaders to better understand and articulate the role that arts education can play in preparing students to succeed in the changing contexts of the 21st Century.

ArtsEdSearch currently includes summaries of over 200 research studies, syntheses of the major findings of these studies, and implications of the collected research for educational policy.

ArtsEdSearch focuses on research examining how education in the arts--in both discrete arts classes and integrated arts lessons--affects students' cognitive, personal, social and civic development, as well as how the integration of the arts into the school curriculum affects educators' instructional practice and engagement in the teaching profession.

ArtsEdSearch does not include research studies about how to teach the arts well or about how to assess student content knowledge and technical skill in the arts. These topics are of great importance to ensuring that students receive a high quality arts education and are the subject of other clearinghouses devoted to research on teaching and learning within particular arts disciplines.

Available through DataArts, the Arts Vibrancy Index (AVI) contains data and findings of the role that arts and culture play in a city's livability and social cohesion. The National Center for Arts Research (NCAR) studies such connections between arts and cultural organizations and their communities. They combine data from nonprofit arts and cultural organizations with data for the communities in which they reside. In linking the data courses, NCAR identifies factors that affect the health and sustainability of arts organizations. NCAR realizes that each of the factors from the ecosystem included in the Arts Vibrancy Index report has an influence on a variety of financial, operating, and attendance outcomes for arts and cultural organizations. The findings are shared regarding the operating and community characteristics that drive performance - and how they affect performance - in the NCAR reports.

The data that NCAR integrates for AVI report typically come from numerous sources. Organizational data that forms the basis of the Arts Dollar measures are from the Internal Revenue Service, DataArts' Cultural Data Profile, and Theatre Communications Group. Community data that forms the basis of the Arts Provider measures are from the Internal Revenue Service and the Census Bureau, which is reported by county, zip code, and census tract. State funding data is from the National Assembly of State Arts Agencies and Federal funding data is from the National Endowment for the Arts and the Institute of Museum and Library Services.

The AVI reports are used by arts leaders, businesses, government agencies, funders, and engaged citizens to better understand the overall intensity and capacity of the community's arts and culture sector. Communities use the AVI and related data to benchmark themselves against an aspirational set of communities and understand what sets them apart by examining the underlying dimensions of demand, supply, and public support for arts and culture.

The Baccalaureate and Beyond Longitudinal Study captures information on the transition of bachelor's degree recipients into the labor force, with a focus on recent graduates, particularly young adults under age 25 and those aged 25-29. The study provides insights into various aspects of graduates' experiences, including their employment, education, and certification status. While the sample size for arts graduates is relatively small, the study offers valuable data for understanding educational and employment experiences, and career trajectories of individuals in arts-related fields.

Access to the available public-use data is provided through DataLab. Restricted-use data are also available under restricted-use license.

Key Variables Related to Arts Education and Employment:

1. B1ARTRCNT: Indicates whether the respondent taught arts or music at the most recent teaching job held within 12 months after completing their bachelor's degree.

2. B1CERTART: Indicates whether the respondent was certified to teach arts or music as of the Baccalaureate and Beyond interview.

3. B1EPRMSBRCNT: Indicates the primary subject taught at the most recent teaching job held within 12 months after completing the bachelor's degree, with a value indicating arts or music.

4. B1HIDGMAJ: Indicates the major or field of study within 12 months after completing the bachelor's degree, with specific categories related to arts, such as design and applied arts.

5. B1OCC231ST: Indicates the respondent's occupation for the first job within 12 months after completing the bachelor's degree, with categories including arts, design, entertainment, sports, and media.

6. B1OCC23RCNT: Indicates the respondent's occupation for the most recent job within 12 months after completing the bachelor's degree, with categories related to arts, design, entertainment, sports, and media occupations.

7. B2ARTTCHCRT: Indicates whether the respondent was certified to teach arts or music and whether they taught arts or music at their most recent teaching job within 4 years after completing the bachelor's degree.

8. B2HICMAJ: Indicates the major or field of study within 4 years after completing the bachelor's degree, with categories including visual and performing arts.

9. B2OCC23RCNT: Indicates the respondent's occupation at their most recent employer within 4 years after completing the bachelor's degree, with categories related to arts, design, entertainment, sports, and media occupations.

Additionally, the study includes variables related to the Carnegie Classification of institutions attended by the graduates, as well as detailed information on their field of study or major, particularly in visual and performing arts.

The U.S. Census Bureau's Business Trends and Outlook Survey (BTOS), a survey that measures business conditions, provides insight into the state of the economy with data for key economic measures every two weeks. The continuous, timely nature of BTOS measures captures the impact of events like natural disasters and economic crises and assists in monitoring recovery efforts.

The BTOS is the successor to the Small Business Pulse Survey (SBPS), a high-frequency survey that measured the effect of changing business conditions during the coronavirus pandemic, and other major events like hurricanes, on our nation's small businesses. BTOS increases the scope of the SBPS to include large single-location employer businesses (those with 500 or more employees).

Released biweekly and available by sector, state, and the 25 most populous metropolitan statistical areas, the BTOS offers real-time data to aid in policy and economic decision-making. BTOS data are representative of all single-location employer businesses in the U.S. economy, excluding farms, and include geographic and subsector detail. The sector and subsector commonly used to study arts-related businesses are Sector 71 (Arts and Entertainment) and Subsector 711 (Performing Arts, Spectator Sports, and Related Industries).

The BTOS sample consists of approximately 1.2 million businesses with biweekly data collection. Selected businesses are split into six panels (approximately 200,000 cases per panel) that will be asked to report every 12 weeks for a year.

This study examined the effects of public art installations on firearm violence and youth firearm victimization in Detroit. The study also examined the potential moderating effects of the level of community engagement in the development of public artworks on the relationship between public artworks and firearm violence in Detroit. The researchers hypothesized that installations of public artworks would have protective effects for firearm incidents and youth-involved firearm incidents, as measured by completely de-identified crime data provided to their research team by the Michigan State Police (data set not publicly available).

Through this study, the researchers also collected survey and interview data from adults to understand the costs of public artworks and the level of community engagement in the development of public artworks. The researchers hypothesized that higher levels of community engagement in the development of public artworks would enhance the protective effects of public art on firearm violence and youth firearm violence victimization because it would foster protective social resources in communities, such as social capital and social control, that are critical for reducing crime and violence. The researchers also conducted preliminary cost-effectiveness and cost-benefit analyses to inform practitioners and policymakers about the feasibility of expanding programming for community-engaged art installations.

The Specific Aims of This Study Are As Follows:

• Aim 1: Examine the effect of art installation projects on total firearm crime incidents involving youth under 18.
• Aim 2: Examine how the level of community engagement in the art installation projects may enhance the effects on firearm crime incidents.
• Aim 3: Conduct a cost-effectiveness analysis of different types of public art and firearm incidents prevented.