Northwestern Juvenile Project (Cook County, Illinois), Follow-up 4, 2000-2006 (ICPSR 36686)

Time Period(s) View help for Time Period(s)

Date of Collection View help for Date of Collection

Data Collection Notes View help for Data Collection Notes

Study Purpose View help for Study Purpose

The project's aims included studying (1) development and persistence of alcohol, drug, and mental disorders and (2) pathways and patterns of risky behaviors. Changes in disorders over time were studied (including onset, remission, and recurrence), comorbidity, associated functional impairments, and the risk and protective factors related to these disorders and impairments. This study addressed patterns and sequences of the development of drug use and related variables, focusing on gender differences, racial/ethnic differences, the antecedents of these risky behaviors (risk and protective factors), and how these behaviors were interrelated. The development and persistence of alcohol, drug, and mental disorders of delinquent youth are examined.

Data from the baseline interview were deposited at the National Addiction and HIV Data Archive Program with the Inter-University Consortium for Political and Social Research. Data from the first follow-up (conducted approximately three years after the baseline), second follow-up (conducted approximately three and a half years after the baseline), and third follow-up (conducted approximately four years after the baseline) were deposited with ICPSR's National Archive of Criminal Justice Data.

Study Design View help for Study Design

A random subsample of participants was scheduled for a fourth follow-up interview approximately 4.5 years after their baseline interview (Follow-up 4). Participants were tracked until they were found for an interview, withdrew, or were known to have died. Some participants who were difficult to locate received their follow-up interviews substantially later than the planned interview dates.

Follow-up interviews were conducted face-to-face wherever the participant was living--in the community or in any correctional facility in Illinois--at the time their interview was due. However, community interviews were conducted by telephone if the participant lived more than 2 hours away. Diagnostic modules were administered via pencil and paper interviewing (PAPI) or computer assisted personal interviewing (CAPI). Non-diagnostic modules were administered via PAPI.

Sample View help for Sample

A stratified random sample of 1,829 youth at intake from Cook County Juvenile Temporary Detention Center (CCJTDC) in Chicago, Illinois, was recruited between November 20, 1995, and June 14, 1998. This baseline sample was stratified by gender, race/ethnicity (African American, non-Hispanic white, Hispanic, "other" race/ethnicity), age (10-13 years or 14 years and older), and legal status (processed in juvenile or adult court) to obtain enough participants to examine key subgroups (e.g., females, Hispanics, younger persons). There were a total of 13 strata, as listed below. There were too few female detainees of each race/ethnicity and detainees identified as "other" race/ethnicity to further stratify these groups. Detainees aged 10 to 13 years were not stratified by legal status because they were generally too young to be considered for transfer to adult court.

Sampling Strata:

1. African American females
2. Non-Hispanic white females
3. Hispanic females
4. African American males, aged 10-13 years
5. Non-Hispanic white males, aged 10-13 years
6. Hispanic males, aged 10-13 years
7. African American males, 14 years or older and processed as adult transfer
8. Non-Hispanic white males, 14 years or older and processed as adult transfer
9. Hispanic males, 14 years or older and processed as adult transfer
10. African American males, 14 years or older and processed as a juvenile
11. Non-Hispanic white males, 14 years or older and processed as a juvenile
12. Hispanic white males, 14 years or older and processed as a juvenile
13. Other race/ethnicity

Detainees were eligible to be sampled regardless of their psychiatric morbidity, state of drug or alcohol intoxication, or fitness to stand trial. Within each stratum, the project used a random-numbers table to select names from Cook County Juvenile Temporary Detention Center's intake log. The final sampling fractions ranged from 0.018 to 0.689.

The fourth follow-up was conducted approximately 4.5 years after the baseline with a random subsample.

Time Method View help for Time Method

Universe View help for Universe

Male and female juvenile detainees, ages 10 to 18, at intake to the Cook County (IL) Juvenile Temporary Detention Center (CCJTDC) between November 20, 1995 and June 14, 1998.

Unit(s) of Observation View help for Unit(s) of Observation

Data Type(s) View help for Data Type(s)

Mode of Data Collection View help for Mode of Data Collection

Description of Variables View help for Description of Variables

Follow-up 4 consists of 22 data files. Follow-up interview data are stored in separate datasets corresponding to each interview module.

• The main dataset (MAIN) includes administrative information on what measures were conducted, the location of and type of interview, interview date and age of respondent at interview. This dataset (da36686-0001) has 21 variables, 1829 observations.
• The interviewer comments (COMMENTS) asked the interviewer to record their observations of how participants managed the interview, including whether participants had any difficulties with particular measures, whether participants seemed to be truthful, and whether the participant exhibited any psychotic symptoms. Interviewers filled out this observational measure following the interview. The dataset (da36686-0002) includes 64 variables, 1623 observations
• The Child and Adolescent Functional Assessment Scale (CAFAS) includes multidimensional measurements of functional impairment and scales of role performance, behavior toward others, mood, self-harmful behavior, substance use, and thinking. This dataset (da36686-0003) includes 37 variables and 1618 observations.
• The Child and Adolescent Services Assessment - Modified (CASA-M) probes dimensions of service use for each mental health or substance abuse service. Dimensions include reason for services, type of treatment, frequency and duration of the service, referral sources, pathways to services, and attitudes and barriers to treatment. There are 5 data files associated with this module: da36686-0004 (362 variables, 1622 observations) refers to the school services screener, da36686-0005 (57 variables, 66 observations) refers to non-school services screen, da36686-0006 (62 variables, 31 observations) refers to services provided in addition to mental health services from da36686-0004 and da36686-0005, da36686-0007 (134 variables, 125 observations) refers to the referral source for the mental health services, and da36686-0008 (127 variables, 260 observations) refers to subject's attitudes and barriers to treatment.
• The Child and Family Assessment (CFA) assesses risk and protective factors for psychopathology as well as actors related to initiation, escalation, and desistance of delinquency and violence. Variables included cover: demographic assessment, medical screen, family functioning assessment (parenting practices, family cohesion and conflict, and family attitudes and beliefs), significant losses, community functioning, quality of life and life events, and future orientation. The CFA module contains two datasets: da36686-0009 (741 variables, 1622 observations) and da36686-0010 (43 variables, 6245 observations).
• The Children's Global Assessment Scale (CGAS) module summarizes the interviewer's impression of the lowest level of the participant's functioning at home, in school and/or work, and in other social environments. This dataset (da36686-0011) has 4 variables and 1617 observations.
• The Diagnostic Interview Schedule (DIS), Version IV is a structured interview that assesses psychiatric disorders based on DSM-IV criteria. The dataset referencing the interview questionnaire (da36686-0013) contains 734 variables and 1623 observations. These variables include demographics, alcohol withdrawal, dependence, and abuse; amphetamine withdrawal, dependence, and abuse; Antisocial Personality Disorder, and Conduct Disorder. The diagnostic dataset (da36686-0012) contains 663 variables and 1623 observations. These variables were generated by scoring algorithms using items from the interview questionnaire.
• The Diagnostic Interview Schedule for Children (DISC), Version 2.3 is a structured interview, of children, that assesses psychiatric disorders based on DSM-IV criteria. The interview questionnaire (da36686-0015) contains information regarding: demographics, anxiety disorders, Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder, Major Depression/Dysthymic Disorder, Mania/Hypomania, Schizophrenia, Attention-Deficit/Hyper Activity Disorder, Oppositional Defiant Disorder, Conduct Disorder, and Antisocial Personality Disorder. This dataset includes 1517 variables and 1623 observations. An additional dataset contains variables regarding the diagnoses for psychiatric disorders that were generated by scoring algorithms using items from the interview questionnaire (da36686-0014) with 603 variables and 1623 observations.
• The Risky Behavior Assessment Profile (RBAP) assesses drug use, HIV/AIDs risk, and criminal activity. Items were drawn from Washington, DC, Metropolitan Area Drug Study of Juveniles, National Institute of Drug Abuse's (NIDA) Risk Behavior Assessment, the Adolescent Health Survey from the NIDA Study of Street Youth at Risk for AIDS, and the Denver Youth Survey. Modules include: drug use history and recent drug use (da36686-0017: 104 variables, 1797 observations); injection drug use (da36686-0019: 71 variables, 6 observations); sexual risk behavior (da36686-0021: 149 variables, 1480 observations); participation in AIDS intervention programming (da36686-0020: 60 variables, 1495 observations); and AIDS knowledge, violent behavior, gang activity, and attitudes and peer behavior (da36686-0016: 1216 variables, 1622 observations). There is also a separate dataset containing coded open-ended responses (da36686-0018: 19 variables, 1772 observations).
• The incarceration data (INCARCERATION) comes from a combination of correctional records and self-report, and includes information on the number of days incarcerated prior to the interview. The dataset (da36686-0022) has 10 variables and 1625 observations.

Response Rates View help for Response Rates

By 6 years after their baseline interview, 1625 participants had received a Follow-up 4 interview. 185 participants received Follow-up 4 interviews more than 6 years after their baseline interview. Other reasons for non-response at Follow-up 4 were: died before the 6-year cut-off (n=51); withdrew from the study (n=27); and could not be located (n=126).

Presence of Common Scales View help for Presence of Common Scales

CAFAS - Child and Adolescent Functional Assessment Scale

CASA - Child and Adolescent Services Assessment

CFA - Child and Family Assessment

CGAS - Children's Global Assessment Scale

DIS - Diagnostic Interview Schedule, Version IV

DISC - Diagnostic Interview Schedule for Children, Version IV

RBAP - Risky Behavior Assessment Profile

Original Release Date View help for Original Release Date

2017-10-17

Version History View help for Version History

Weight View help for Weight

Follow-up weights are sampling weights augmented with adjustments for nonresponse (e.g., withdrew, died) at the follow-up. Sampling weights and normalized sampling weights are also provided in dataset da36686-0001.