Monitoring the Future: A Continuing Study of American Youth (8th- and 10th-Grade Surveys), 1991 (ICPSR 2521)

Version Date: Jan 30, 2008

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Principal Investigator(s):
Lloyd D. Johnston, University of Michigan. Institute for Social Research. Survey Research Center; Jerald G. Bachman, University of Michigan. Institute for Social Research. Survey Research Center; Patrick M. O'Malley, University of Michigan. Institute for Social Research. Survey Research Center; John Schulenberg, University of Michigan. Institute for Social Research. Survey Research Center

Series:

https://doi.org/10.3886/ICPSR02521.v2

Version V2

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Alternate Title

MTF 1991 (8th/10th Grade)

Summary

These surveys of 8th- and 10th-grade students are part of a series that explores changes in important values, behaviors, and lifestyle orientations of contemporary American youth. Students in each grade are randomly assigned to complete one of two questionnaires, each with a different subset of topical questions but containing a set of "core" questions on demographics and drug use. There are about 300 variables across the questionnaires. Drugs covered by this survey include amphetamines (stimulants), barbiturates (tranquilizers), other prescription drugs, tobacco, alcohol, inhalants, steroids, marijuana, hashish, LSD, hallucinogens, cocaine, crack, and injection drugs such as heroin.

Citation

Johnston, Lloyd D., Bachman, Jerald G., O’Malley, Patrick M., and Schulenberg, John. Monitoring the Future: A Continuing Study of American Youth (8th- and 10th-Grade Surveys), 1991. Inter-university Consortium for Political and Social Research [distributor], 2008-01-30. https://doi.org/10.3886/ICPSR02521.v2

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Funding

United States Department of Health and Human Services. National Institutes of Health. National Institute on Drug Abuse (DA01411-16)

Subject Terms

Geographic Coverage

Distributor(s)

Inter-university Consortium for Political and Social Research
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Time Period(s)

1991

Date of Collection

1991 (Spring)

Data Collection Notes

  1. To protect the anonymity of respondents, all variables that could be used to identify individuals have been collapsed or recoded in the public use files. These modifications should not affect analytic uses of the public use files.

  2. MTF does not release detailed geography codes in its public use files because of the disclosure risk it would cause. The MTF sample is drawn to generate representative samples of the four Census Bureau regions of the country (Northeast, Midwest, South, and West), but it does not generate representative samples of smaller geographic areas such as states, counties, or cities. For additional information about data that is withheld from the public use files please contact MTF directly at mtfinformation@umich.edu.
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Sample

Multistage area probability sample design involving three selection stages: (1) geographic areas or primary sampling units (PSUs), (2) schools (or linked groups of schools) within PSUs, and (3) students within sampled schools. Separate samples were drawn for each grade. Of the 80 PSUs, 8 were selected with certainty and 72 were selected with probability proportionate to size based on the size of the 8th- (or 10th-) grade class in each school. In schools with more than 400 8th (or 10th) graders, a random sample of students or classes was drawn. In schools with less than 400 8th (or 10th) graders, all students were asked to participate. Each sampled school was asked to participate for two years, so that each year one-half of the sample is replaced. Schools refusing participation were replaced with similar schools in terms of geographic location, size, and type of school (e.g., public, private/Catholic, private/non-Catholic). For the 8th-grade survey, schools with less than 15 8th graders were excluded from the sample. For the 10th-grade survey, schools with less than 25 10th graders were excluded.

Universe

Enrolled 8th- and 10th-grade students in the contiguous United States.

Unit(s) of Observation

individual

Data Type(s)

Mode of Data Collection

Response Rates

The participation rate among schools has been between 66 and 80 percent since the inception of the study. The student response rates for the 1991 8th- and 10th-grade surveys were 90 percent and 87 percent, respectively.

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Original Release Date

1999-11-02

Version History

2018-02-15 The citation of this study may have changed due to the new version control system that has been implemented. The previous citation was:
  • Johnston, Lloyd D., Jerald G. Bachman, Patrick M. O'Malley, and John Schulenberg. Monitoring the Future: A Continuing Study of American Youth (8th- and 10th-Grade Surveys), 1991. ICPSR02521-v2. Ann Arbor, MI: Inter-university Consortium for Political and Social Research [distributor], 2008-01-30. http://doi.org/10.3886/ICPSR02521.v2

2008-01-30 The data are now provided in additional file formats, including one or more of the following: Stata setup, SAS transport (CPORT), SPSS system, Stata system, SAS supplemental syntax, and Stata supplemental syntax files, and tab-delimited ASCII data file. Variables that had been omitted by the PI for confidentiality reasons were deleted. Also, incorrect question text was fixed.

2005-11-04 On 2005-03-14 new files were added to one or more datasets. These files included additional setup files as well as one or more of the following: SAS program, SAS transport, SPSS portable, and Stata system files. The metadata record was revised 2005-11-04 to reflect these additions.

1999-11-02 ICPSR data undergo a confidentiality review and are altered when necessary to limit the risk of disclosure. ICPSR also routinely creates ready-to-go data files along with setups in the major statistical software formats as well as standard codebooks to accompany the data. In addition to these procedures, ICPSR performed the following processing steps for this data collection:

  • Performed recodes and/or calculated derived variables.
  • Checked for undocumented or out-of-range codes.
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Weight

Each of the four parts contains a weight variable, V5. They were originally varied by school but were modified to protect respondent confidentiality. Users should use the weight variable for all analyses, the results of which will differ slightly from published data tables that used original data.

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Notes

  • The public-use data files in this collection are available for access by the general public. Access does not require affiliation with an ICPSR member institution.