Executions in the United States, 1608-1940: The ESPY File -- Summary Data of Executions Collected by M. Watt Espy Between 1986 and 1996 (ICPSR 23900)

Version Date: Dec 12, 2008

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Principal Investigator(s):
M. Watt Espy; Howard Allen, Southern Illinois University - Carbondale; Jerome M. Clubb, University of Michigan

https://doi.org/10.3886/ICPSR23900.v1

Version V1

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Summary

This collection consists of four summary variables based on new data collected by M. Watt Espy between 1986 and 1996 after he corrected and updated the data in 1992. See the related collection, EXECUTIONS IN THE UNITED STATES, 1608-2002: THE ESPY FILE (ICPSR 8451). The summary variables consist of the ethnicity of the executed, the state, territory, district or colony of execution, the decade of execution, and the geographical region of execution. They were complete as of March 1, 1996.

Citation

Espy, M. Watt, Allen, Howard, and Clubb, Jerome M. Executions in the United States, 1608-1940: The ESPY File -- Summary Data of Executions Collected by M. Watt Espy Between 1986 and 1996. Inter-university Consortium for Political and Social Research [distributor], 2008-12-12. https://doi.org/10.3886/ICPSR23900.v1

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Funding

National Science Foundation (SES 84-09725), United States Department of Justice. Office of Justice Programs. Bureau of Justice Statistics

Subject Terms

Geographic Coverage

Smallest Geographic Unit

United States

Distributor(s)

Inter-university Consortium for Political and Social Research
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Time Period(s)

1608 -- 1940

Date of Collection

1986 -- 1996
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Universe

Executions that occurred under civil authority in the United States or within territory that later became the United States.

Unit(s) of Observation

individual

Data Source

state Department of Corrections records, newspapers, county histories, proceedings of state and local courts, holdings of historical societies, and other listings of executions

Data Type(s)

Mode of Data Collection

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Original Release Date

2008-12-12

Version History

2018-02-15 The citation of this study may have changed due to the new version control system that has been implemented. The previous citation was:
  • Espy, M. Watt, Howard Allen, and Jerome M. Clubb. Executions in the United States, 1608-1940: The ESPY File -- Summary Data of Executions Collected by M. Watt Espy Between 1986 and 1996. ICPSR23900-v1. Ann Arbor, MI: Inter-university Consortium for Political and Social Research [distributor], 2008-12-12. http://doi.org/10.3886/ICPSR23900.v1

2008-12-12 ICPSR data undergo a confidentiality review and are altered when necessary to limit the risk of disclosure. ICPSR also routinely creates ready-to-go data files along with setups in the major statistical software formats as well as standard codebooks to accompany the data. In addition to these procedures, ICPSR performed the following processing steps for this data collection:

  • Performed consistency checks.
  • Checked for undocumented or out-of-range codes.
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Notes

  • The public-use data files in this collection are available for access by the general public. Access does not require affiliation with an ICPSR member institution.