Project on Human Development in Chicago Neighborhoods (PHDCN): Youth Self Report, Wave 1, 1994-1997 (ICPSR 13607)
Version Date: Sep 27, 2007 View help for published
Principal Investigator(s): View help for Principal Investigator(s)
Felton J. Earls, Harvard Medical School;
Jeanne Brooks-Gunn, Scientific Director. Columbia University. Teacher's College. Center for the Study of Children and Families;
Stephen W. Raudenbush, Scientific Director. University of Michigan. School of Education and Survey Research Center;
Robert J. Sampson, Scientific Director. Harvard University. Department of Sociology
Series:
https://doi.org/10.3886/ICPSR13607.v2
Version V2
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Summary View help for Summary
The Project on Human Development in Chicago Neighborhoods (PHDCN) was a large-scale, interdisciplinary study of how families, schools, and neighborhoods affect child and adolescent development. One component of the PHDCN was the Longitudinal Cohort Study, which was a series of coordinated longitudinal studies that followed over 6,000 randomly selected children, adolescents, and young adults, and their primary caregivers over time to examine the changing circumstances of their lives, as well as the personal characteristics, that might lead them toward or away from a variety of antisocial behaviors. Numerous measures were administered to respondents to gauge various aspects of human development, including individual differences, as well as family, peer, and school influences. One of the measures that composed the Longitudinal Cohort Study was the Youth Self Report (YSR). The YSR protocol, a self-administered survey, was first developed by Thomas M. Achenbach and was derived from another widely-used standardized measure in child psychology, the Child Behavior Checklist (CBCL). The YSR was designed to assess the emotional and behavioral problems in adolescents (aged 11 to 18) in a standardized format. The PHDCN version of the YSR was administered to subjects belonging to Cohorts 12 and 15 of the Longitudinal Cohort Study. It assessed internalizing (i.e., anxiety, depression, and overcontrolled) and externalizing (i.e., aggressive, hyperactivity, noncompliant, and undercontrolled) behaviors. Eight sub-scale symptoms (Withdrawn, Somatic Complaints, Anxiety and Depression, Social Problems, Thought Problems, Attention Problems, Aggressive Behavior, and Delinquent Behaviors) were also measured.
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Access to these data is restricted. Users interested in obtaining these data must complete a Restricted Data Use Agreement, specify the reasons for the request, and obtain IRB approval or notice of exemption for their research.
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Data Collection Notes View help for Data Collection Notes
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(1) The Murray Research Center conducted the initial data and documentation processing for this collection. (2) At present, only a restricted version of the data is available (see RESTRICTIONS field). A downloadable version of the data is slated to be available in the near future.
Study Purpose View help for Study Purpose
Project on Human Development in Chicago Neighborhoods
The Project on Human Development in Chicago Neighborhoods (PHDCN) was a large-scale, interdisciplinary study of how families, schools, and neighborhoods affect child and adolescent development. It was designed to advance the understanding of the developmental pathways of both positive and negative human social behaviors. In particular, the project examined the causes and pathways of juvenile delinquency, adult crime, substance abuse, and violence. At the same time, the project provided a detailed look at the environments in which these social behaviors took place by collecting substantial amounts of data about urban Chicago, including its people, institutions, and resources.
Longitudinal Cohort Study
One component of the PHDCN was the Longitudinal Cohort Study, which was a series of coordinated longitudinal studies that followed over 6,000 randomly selected children, adolescents, and young adults, and their primary caregivers over time to examine the changing circumstances of their lives, as well as the personal characteristics, that might lead them toward or away from a variety of antisocial behaviors. The age cohorts include birth (0), 3, 6, 9, 12, 15, and 18 years. Numerous measures were administered to respondents to gauge various aspects of human development, including individual differences, as well as family, peer, and school influences.
Youth Self Report (YSR)
The data files contain information from the Youth Self Report (YSR) protocol. The YSR has been identified as an extremely reliable and valid measure for assessing adolescents' emotional and behavioral problems. The purpose of the PHDCN YSR was to obtain from the subject a self-perceived assessment on anxiety, depression, obsessive-compulsion, hyperactivity, impulsivity, and other antisocial behaviors, including measures of aggression, defiance and involvement in delinquent behavior. The overall goal of the YSR was to classify respondents' answers as either internalizing or externalizing behaviors. Internalizing behaviors were defined as co-occurring problems that mainly involved inner distress, such as undue anxiety, depression, and inhibition, whereas externalizing behaviors were defined as co-occurring problems that mainly involved aggressive behaviors as well as conflicts with others and with social mores.
Study Design View help for Study Design
Project on Human Development in Chicago Neighborhoods
The city of Chicago was selected as the research site for the PHDCN because of its extensive racial, ethnic, and social-class diversity. The project collapsed 847 census tracts in the city of Chicago into 343 neighborhood clusters (NCs) based upon seven groupings of racial/ethnic composition and three levels of socioeconomic status. The NCs were designed to be ecologically meaningful. They were composed of geographically contiguous census tracts, and geographic boundaries and knowledge of Chicago's neighborhoods were considered in the definition of the NCs. Each NC was comprised of approximately 8,000 people.
Longitudinal Cohort Study
For the Longitudinal Cohort Study, a stratified probability sample of 80 neighborhoods was selected. The 80 NCs were sampled from the 21 strata (seven racial/ethnic groups by three socioeconomic levels) with the goal of representing the 21 cells as equally as possible to eliminate the confounding between racial/ethnic mix and socioeconomic status. Once the 80 NCs were chosen, then block groups were selected at random within each of the sample neighborhoods. A complete listing of dwelling units was collected for all sampled block groups. Pregnant women, children, and young adults in seven age cohorts (birth, 3, 6, 9, 12, 15, and 18 years) were identified through in-person screening of approximately 40,000 dwelling units within the 80 NCs. The screening response rate was 80 percent. Children within six months of the birthday that qualified them for the sample were selected for inclusion in the Longitudinal Cohort Study. A total of 8,347 participants were identified through the screening. Of the eligible study participants, 6,228 were interviewed.
For all cohorts except 0 and 18, primary caregivers as well as the child were interviewed. The primary caregiver was the person found to spend the most time taking care of the child. Separate research assistants administered the primary caregiver interviews and the child interviews. The primary method of data collection was face-to-face interviewing, although participants who refused to complete the personal interview were administered a phone interview. Interviews were conducted in Spanish, English, and Polish. In Wave 1 the complete protocol was translated into Spanish and Polish. An interpreter was hired for participants who spoke a language other than English, Spanish, or Polish. Depending on the age and wave of data collection, participants were paid between $5 and $20 per interview. Other incentives, such as free passes to museums, the aquarium, and monthly drawing prizes were also included.
Interview protocols included a wide range of questions, assessing impulse control and sensation-seeking traits, cognitive and language development, leisure activities, delinquency and substance abuse, friends' activities, as well as self-perception, attitudes, and values. Caregivers were also interviewed about family structure, parent characteristics, parent-child relationships, parent discipline styles, family mental health, and family history of criminal behavior and drug use.
Youth Self Report (YSR)
Administered between 1994 and 1997, the Youth Self Report (YSR) was completed by the subjects belonging to Cohorts 12 and 15 of the PHDCN Longitudinal Cohort Study. The PHDCN version of the YSR consisted of 112 questions. Respondents were asked to rate a list of items that applied to their behavior, occurring within the past six months, on a three-point Likert-type response scale: 0 = not true, 1 = somewhat true or sometimes true, and 2 = very true or often true. Questionnaire items included "I argue a lot," "I brag," "I feel lonely," "I destroy things belonging to others," "I feel no one loves me," "I am shy," "I threaten to hurt people," "I like to make others laugh," "I like to help others," and "I worry alot." The YSR was comprised of eight sub-scales: Withdrawn, Somatic Complaints, Anxiety and Depression, Social Problems, Thought Problems, Attention Problems, Aggressive Behavior, and Delinquent Behaviors. Internalizing behaviors such as anxiety, depression and other emotional problems not overtly evident were measured by combining responses comprising the Withdrawn, Somatic Complaints, and Anxious/Depressed sub-scales. Externalizing behaviors such as aggression, hyperactivity, and other overt behavioral problems were measured by combining responses comprising the Aggressive Behavior and Delinquent Behaviors sub-scales.
Sample View help for Sample
Stratified probability sample.
Universe View help for Universe
Children, adolescents, young adults, and their primary caregivers, living in the city of Chicago in 1994.
Unit(s) of Observation View help for Unit(s) of Observation
Data Type(s) View help for Data Type(s)
Mode of Data Collection View help for Mode of Data Collection
Description of Variables View help for Description of Variables
In addition to the variables containing the responses to the YSR, there are several scale variables present in the files, which including Withdrawn, Somatic Complaints, Anxiety and Depression, Social Problems, Thought Problems, Attention Problems, Delinquent, Aggressive, Internalizing, and Externalizing Behavior. There is also a Total Problems scale variable that was generated from all summed questionnaire items except for those inquiring about allergies or asthma. It measures overall emotional and behavioral problems. Additionally, the data contain administrative variables that record identification numbers for respondents and interviewers, cohort, and wave as well as the time and date that the YSR interview was completed.
Response Rates View help for Response Rates
The overall response rate for Wave 1 of the Longitudinal Cohort Study was 75 percent or 6,228 participants. The response rates by cohort were:
- 76.2 percent (1,269) for Cohort 0
- 76.6 percent (1,003) for Cohort 3
- 75.0 percent (980) for Cohort 6
- 75.9 percent (828) for Cohort 9
- 74.3 percent (820) for Cohort 12
- 71.6 percent (696) for Cohort 15
- 70.3 percent (632) for Cohort 18
Presence of Common Scales View help for Presence of Common Scales
Scale variables for the YSR include: Withdrawn, Anxious/Depressed, Somatic Complaints, Social Problems, Attention Problems, Delinquent Behavior, Thought Problems, Aggressive Behavior, Internalizing, Externalizing, and Total Problems.
HideOriginal Release Date View help for Original Release Date
2005-07-22
Version History View help for Version History
- Earls, Felton J., Jeanne Brooks-Gunn, Stephen W. Raudenbush, and Robert J. Sampson. Project on Human Development in Chicago Neighborhoods (PHDCN): Youth Self Report, Wave 1, 1994-1997. ICPSR13607-v2. Ann Arbor, MI: Inter-university Consortium for Political and Social Research [distributor], 2007-09-27. http://doi.org/10.3886/ICPSR13607.v2
2007-09-27 The Wave 1 Questionnaire file has been added.
2005-07-22 ICPSR data undergo a confidentiality review and are altered when necessary to limit the risk of disclosure. ICPSR also routinely creates ready-to-go data files along with setups in the major statistical software formats as well as standard codebooks to accompany the data. In addition to these procedures, ICPSR performed the following processing steps for this data collection:
- Created online analysis version with question text.
- Performed recodes and/or calculated derived variables.
- Checked for undocumented or out-of-range codes.
Notes
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