nmm 22 4500 ICPSR02022 MiAaI m f a u cr mn mmmmuuuu 130619s2000 miu f a eng d (MiAaI)ICPSR02022 MiAaI MiAaI Assessment of a Multiagency Approach to Drug-Involved Gang Members in San Diego County, California, 1988-1992 [electronic resource] Susan Pennell , Roni Melton , Darlanne Hoctor 2002-03-05 Ann Arbor, Mich. Inter-university Consortium for Political and Social Research [distributor] 2000 ICPSR 2022 Numeric Title from ICPSR DDI metadata of 2013-06-19. AVAILABLE. This study is freely available to the general public. Also available as downloadable files. In 1988, with funds from the Bureau of Justice Assistance (BJA) via the Anti-Drug Abuse Act of 1987, a multiagency task force, Jurisdictions Unified for Drug Gang Enforcement (JUDGE), was created. Spearheaded by the San Diego County District Attorney's Office and representing a unique blend of police officers, probation officers, and deputy district attorneys working together, the JUDGE program targeted documented gang members also involved in drug use and sales. The task force incorporated an intensive supervision approach that enforced conditions of probation and drug laws and provided vertical prosecution for probation violations and new offenses involving targeted offenders. This research project sought to address the following research objectives: (1) to determine if the JUDGE program objectives were met during the grant period, (2) to assess the results of program activities, such as surveillance, special enforcement, and vertical prosecution, in terms of probation violations, arrests, pretrial custody, probation revocations, convictions, and sentences, (3) to evaluate the impact of the program on offenders as measured by recidivism and the need for probation intervention, (4) to assess the cost of JUDGE probation compared to regular probation caseloads, and (5) to provide recommendations regarding the implementation of similar programs in other jurisdictions. This research project consisted of a process evaluation and an impact assessment that focused on the first two years of the JUDGE program, when youthful offenders were the targets (1988 and 1989). The research effort focused only on new targets for whom adequate records were maintained, yielding a study size of 279. The tracking period for targets ended in 1992. For the impact assessment, the research was structured as a within-subjects design, with the comparison focusing on target youths two years before the implementation of JUDGE and the same group two years after being targeted by JUDGE. Data were compiled on the juveniles' age at target, race, sex, gang affiliation, type of target (gang member, drug history, and/or ward), status when targeted, and referrals to other agencies. Variables providing data on criminal histories include age at first contact/arrest, instant offense and disposition, highest charges for each subsequent arrest that resulted in probation supervision, drug charges, highest conviction charges, probation conditions before selection date and after JUDGE target, number of contacts by probation and JUDGE staff, number of violations for each probation condition and action taken, and new offenses during probation. For the process evaluation, case outcome data were compared to project objectives to measure compliance in terms of program implementation and results. Variables include number of violations for each probation condition and action taken, and number of failed drug tests. The consequences of increased probation supervision, including revocation, sentences, custody time, and use of vertical prosecution, were addressed by comparing the processing of cases prior to the implementation of JUDGE to case processing after JUDGE targeting. Cf.: http://dx.doi.org/10.3886/ICPSR02022.v1 case processing icpsr drug traffic icpsr drug use icpsr gang members icpsr gangs icpsr government agencies icpsr law enforcement icpsr program evaluation icpsr NACJD XI. Drugs, Alcohol, and Crime ICPSR XVII.E. Social Institutions and Behavior, Crime and the Criminal Justice System Pennell, Susan Melton, Roni Hoctor, Darlanne Inter-university Consortium for Political and Social Research. ICPSR (Series) 2022 Access restricted ; authentication may be required: http://dx.doi.org/10.3886/ICPSR02022.v1 nmm 22 4500 ICPSR29503 MiAaI m f a u cr mn mmmmuuuu 130619s2011 miu f a eng d (MiAaI)ICPSR29503 MiAaI MiAaI Census of Law Enforcement Gang Units, 2007 [electronic resource] United States Department of Justice. Office of Justice Programs. Bureau of Justice Statistics 2011-03-22 Ann Arbor, Mich. Inter-university Consortium for Political and Social Research [distributor] 2011 ICPSR 29503 Numeric Title from ICPSR DDI metadata of 2013-06-19. AVAILABLE. This study is freely available to the general public. Also available as downloadable files. The 2007 Census of Law Enforcement Gang Units (CLEGU) collected data from all state and local law enforcement agencies with 100 or more sworn officers and at least one officer dedicated solely to addressing gangs and gang activities. Law enforcement agencies are often the first line of response to the gang problems experienced across the country and are a critical component of most anti-gang initiatives. One way for law enforcement agencies to address gang-related problems is to form specialized gang units. The consolidation of an agency's gang enforcement activities and resources into a single unit can allow gang unit officers to develop specific expertise and technical skills related to local gang characteristics and behaviors and gang prevention and suppression. No prior studies have collected data regarding the organization and operations of law enforcement gang units nationwide, the types of gang prevention tactics employed, or the characteristics and training of gang unit officers. This CLEGU collected data on the operations, workload, policies, and procedures of gang units in large state and local law enforcement agencies in order to expand knowledge of gang prevention and enforcement tactics. The CLEGU also collected summary measures of gang activity in the agencies' jurisdictions to allow for comparison across jurisdictions with similar gang problems. Cf.: http://dx.doi.org/10.3886/ICPSR29503.v1 gangs icpsr law enforcement agencies icpsr personnel icpsr police departments icpsr policies and procedures icpsr ICPSR XVII.E. Social Institutions and Behavior, Crime and the Criminal Justice System NACJD IX. Police United States Department of Justice. Office of Justice Programs. Bureau of Justice Statistics Inter-university Consortium for Political and Social Research. ICPSR (Series) 29503 Access restricted ; authentication may be required: http://dx.doi.org/10.3886/ICPSR29503.v1 nmm 22 4500 ICPSR02587 MiAaI m f a u cr mn mmmmuuuu 130619s1998 miu f a eng d (MiAaI)ICPSR02587 MiAaI MiAaI Controlling Victimization in Schools [electronic resource] Effective Discipline and Control Strategies in a County in Ohio, 1994 Steven P. Lab , Richard D. Clark 2006-03-30 Ann Arbor, Mich. Inter-university Consortium for Political and Social Research [distributor] 1998 ICPSR 2587 Numeric Title from ICPSR DDI metadata of 2013-06-19. AVAILABLE. This study is freely available to the general public. Also available as downloadable files. The purpose of this study was to gather evidence on the relationship between discipline and the control of victimization in schools and to investigate the effectiveness of humanistic versus coercive disciplinary measures. Survey data were obtained from students, teachers, and principals in each of the 44 junior and senior high schools in a county in Ohio that agreed to participate in the study. The data represent roughly a six-month time frame. Students in grades 7 through 12 were anonymously surveyed in February 1994. The Student Survey (Part 1) was randomly distributed to approximately half of the students in all classrooms in each school. The other half of the students received a different survey that focused on drug use among students (not available with this collection). The teacher (Part 2) and principal (Part 3) surveys were completed at the same time as the student survey. The principal survey included both closed-ended and open-ended questions, while all questions on the student and teacher surveys were closed-ended, with a finite set of answers from which to choose. The three questionnaires were designed to gather respondent demographics, perceptions about school discipline and control, information about weapons and gangs in the school, and perceptions about school crime, including personal victimization and responses to victimization. All three surveys asked whether the school had a student court and, if so, what sanctions could be imposed by the student court for various forms of student misconduct. The student survey and teacher surveys also asked about the availability at school of various controlled drugs. The student survey elicited information about the student's fear of crime in the school and on the way to and from school, avoidance behaviors, and possession of weapons for protection. Data were also obtained from the principals on each school's suspension/expulsion rate, the number and type of security guards and/or devices used within the school, and other school safety measures. In addition to the surveys, census data were acquired for a one-quarter-mile radius around each participating school's campus, providing population demographics, educational attainment, employment status, marital status, income levels, and area housing information. Also, arrest statistics for six separate crimes (personal crime, property crime, simple assault, disorderly conduct, drug/alcohol offenses, and weapons offenses) for the reporting district in which each school was located were obtained from local police departments. Finally, the quality of the immediate neighborhood was assessed by means of a "windshield" survey in which the researchers conducted a visual inventory of various neighborhood characteristics: type and quality of housing in the area, types of businesses, presence of graffiti and gang graffiti, number of abandoned cars, and the number and perceived age of pedestrians and people loitering in the area. These contextual data are also contained in Part 3. Cf.: http://dx.doi.org/10.3886/ICPSR02587.v1 control icpsr crime in schools icpsr drug use icpsr fear of crime icpsr gangs icpsr high schools icpsr neighborhood characteristics icpsr personal security icpsr principals icpsr school security icpsr student misconduct icpsr students icpsr teachers icpsr victimization icpsr weapons icpsr ICPSR XVII.E. Social Institutions and Behavior, Crime and the Criminal Justice System NACJD II. Community Studies Lab, Steven P. Clark, Richard D. Inter-university Consortium for Political and Social Research. ICPSR (Series) 2587 Access restricted ; authentication may be required: http://dx.doi.org/10.3886/ICPSR02587.v1 nmm 22 4500 ICPSR02626 MiAaI m f a u cr mn mmmmuuuu 130619s2000 miu f a eng d (MiAaI)ICPSR02626 MiAaI MiAaI Criminal Behavior of Gangs in Aurora and Denver, Colorado, and Broward County, Florida [electronic resource] 1993-1994 C. Ronald Huff 2006-03-30 Ann Arbor, Mich. Inter-university Consortium for Political and Social Research [distributor] 2000 ICPSR 2626 Numeric Title from ICPSR DDI metadata of 2013-06-19. AVAILABLE. This study is freely available to the general public. Also available as downloadable files. This study was undertaken to measure the criminal behavior of gangs, including their involvement in delinquent behavior such as drug use and drug trafficking activities, and to compare gang behavior with that of youth who were at risk, but who had not yet become active in gangs. The project assessed the role that gangs play in the lives of youth whose living conditions are otherwise comparable. In order to study the criminal behavior of gangs, investigators sought to interview 50 gang members and 50 non-gang, at-risk youth at two sites in Colorado and one site in Florida. A large portion of the interview questions asked in both the gang member interview and the at-risk youth interview were parallel. The following variables appear in both the gang member and at-risk youth files (Parts 1 and 2 respectively) created for this data collection: gang popularity variables (respondents' perceptions of the positive and negative attributes of a gang, and why gangs endure over time), drug involvement variables (whether respondents or fellow members/friends sold various types of drugs, why selling drugs increases a person's "juice", the drug source organization, and where they traveled to get the drugs), criminal history variables (the reasons why respondents believed they were able to get away with crimes, their first arrest age, and their most serious arrest charge), personal activity variables (whether respondents or fellow members/friends participated in dances, sporting events, fighting, drug use or selling, shoplifting, assaulting people, or burglarizing homes), variables concerning the future (whether respondents would join a gang again/join a gang today, why some gangs survive and others don't, and how respondents see their future), and demographic variables (respondents' age, sex, race, city, neighborhood, school, school status, type of work, marital status, and relationship with parent(s)). In addition, Part 1, the Gang Member Data, contains gang status variables (gang symbols, gang nickname, gang turf, and how members define a gang) and gang membership variables (roles of the respondents within the gang, why members join a gang, what the most important gang rule is, and what happens to those who refuse the gang). Part 2, At-Risk Youth Data, contains additional variables on gang contact (the names of gangs who had approached the respondents, methods used to try to get the youths to join, how the youths refused the gang, and what happened as a result of refusing) and prevention (how at-risk youth would advise a young person to react if approached by a gang, and what the youths felt was the best way to prepare children to deal with gangs). Cf.: http://dx.doi.org/10.3886/ICPSR02626.v1 criminal histories icpsr criminality icpsr drug abuse icpsr drug traffic icpsr gang members icpsr gangs icpsr living conditions icpsr youths at risk icpsr ICPSR XVII.E. Social Institutions and Behavior, Crime and the Criminal Justice System NACJD VII. Crime and Delinquency Huff, C. Ronald Inter-university Consortium for Political and Social Research. ICPSR (Series) 2626 Access restricted ; authentication may be required: http://dx.doi.org/10.3886/ICPSR02626.v1 nmm 22 4500 ICPSR02753 MiAaI m f a u cr mn mmmmuuuu 130619s2002 miu f a eng d (MiAaI)ICPSR02753 MiAaI MiAaI Evaluating Anti-Gang Legislation and Gang Prosecution Units in Clark and Washoe Counties, Nevada, 1989-1995 [electronic resource] Terance D. Miethe , Richard C. McCorkle 2005-11-04 Ann Arbor, Mich. Inter-university Consortium for Political and Social Research [distributor] 2002 ICPSR 2753 Numeric Title from ICPSR DDI metadata of 2013-06-19. AVAILABLE. This study is freely available to the general public. Also available as downloadable files. In response to several high profile, violent crimes by minority males, which were reported by law enforcement officials as being gang-related, Nevada lawmakers enacted an array of anti-gang legislation, much of it drafted by law enforcement personnel. This study attempted to provide answers to the following research questions: (1) How often and under what specific conditions were the various anti-gang statutes used in the prosecution of gang members? (2) How had the passage of anti-gang statutes and the development of the gang prosecution units influenced the use of more conventional charging practices related to gang cases? and (3) Did specialized gang prosecution produce higher rates of convictions, more prison sentences, and longer prison terms for gang offenders? Court monitoring data were collected from both Clark and Washoe counties to document the actual extent and nature of gang crime in both jurisdictions over several years. Variables include the year of the court case, whether the defendant was a gang member, total number of initial charges, whether all charges were dismissed before trial, whether the defendant was convicted of any charge, the length of the prison sentence imposed, whether the defendant was charged with a gang enhancement statute, and whether the defendant was charged with murder, sexual assault, robbery, kidnapping, burglary, auto theft, larceny, a drug offense, a weapon offense, or assault. Demographic variables include the race, sex, and age of the defendant. Cf.: http://dx.doi.org/10.3886/ICPSR02753.v1 prosecution icpsr sentencing icpsr violent crime icpsr Nevada icpsr United States icpsr counties icpsr conviction rates icpsr gang violence icpsr gangs icpsr imprisonment icpsr legislation icpsr legislative impact icpsr NACJD XIV. Homicide Studies ICPSR XVII.E. Social Institutions and Behavior, Crime and the Criminal Justice System NACJD VI. Criminal Justice System Miethe, Terance D. McCorkle, Richard C. Inter-university Consortium for Political and Social Research. ICPSR (Series) 2753 Access restricted ; authentication may be required: http://dx.doi.org/10.3886/ICPSR02753.v1 nmm 22 4500 ICPSR03337 MiAaI m f a u cr mn mmmmuuuu 130619s2002 miu f a eng d (MiAaI)ICPSR03337 MiAaI MiAaI Evaluation of the Gang Resistance Education and Training (GREAT) Program in the United States, 1995-1999 [electronic resource] Finn-Aage Esbensen 2006-03-30 Ann Arbor, Mich. Inter-university Consortium for Political and Social Research [distributor] 2002 ICPSR 3337 Numeric Title from ICPSR DDI metadata of 2013-06-19. AVAILABLE. This study is freely available to the general public. Also available as downloadable files. This study sought to evaluate the effectiveness of the Gang Resistance Education And Training (GREAT) program by surveying five different groups: students in a cross-sectional design (Part 1), law enforcement officers (Part 2), educators (Part 3), parents (Part 4), and students in a longitudinal design (Part 5). Middle school students in the cross-sectional design were surveyed to examine GREAT's short- and long-term effects, and to assess the quality and effectiveness of officer training. Law enforcement officers were surveyed to determine whether their perceptions and expectations of the GREAT program varied depending on sex, race, rank, age, level of education, and length of time working in policing. Data were collected from middle school personnel (administrators, counselors, and teachers) in order to assess educators' attitudes toward and perceptions of the effectiveness of the GREAT program, including the curriculum's appropriateness for middle school students and its effectiveness in delinquency and gang prevention both in the school and in the community. Parents were surveyed to assess their attitudes toward crime and gangs in their community, school prevention programs, the role of police in the school, and their satisfaction with and perceptions of the effectiveness of the GREAT program. The middle school students participating in the longitudinal aspect of this study were surveyed to examine the change in attitudes and behavior, germane to gang activity, over time. Variables for all parts were geared toward assessing perception and attitudes about the police and the GREAT program and their overall effectiveness, community involvement, neighborhood crime, and gang-related activities. Cf.: http://dx.doi.org/10.3886/ICPSR03337.v2 crime prevention icpsr educational programs icpsr educators icpsr gang violence icpsr gangs icpsr police officers icpsr police training icpsr program evaluation icpsr students icpsr NACJD VII. Crime and Delinquency ICPSR XVII.E. Social Institutions and Behavior, Crime and the Criminal Justice System Esbensen, Finn-Aage Inter-university Consortium for Political and Social Research. ICPSR (Series) 3337 Access restricted ; authentication may be required: http://dx.doi.org/10.3886/ICPSR03337.v2 nmm 22 4500 ICPSR06565 MiAaI m f a u cr mn mmmmuuuu 130619s1997 miu f a eng d (MiAaI)ICPSR06565 MiAaI MiAaI Extended National Assessment Survey of Law Enforcement Anti-Gang Information Resources, 1993-1994 [electronic resource] G. David Curry , Richard A. Ball , Scott H. Decker 2005-11-04 Ann Arbor, Mich. Inter-university Consortium for Political and Social Research [distributor] 1997 ICPSR 6565 Numeric Title from ICPSR DDI metadata of 2013-06-19. AVAILABLE. This study is freely available to the general public. Also available as downloadable files. This survey extended a 1992 survey (NATIONAL ASSESSMENT SURVEY OF LAW ENFORCEMENT ANTI-GANG INFORMATION RESOURCES, 1990-1992 [ICPSR 6237]) in two ways: (1) by updating the information on the 122 municipalities included in the 1992 survey, and (2) by including data on all cities in the United States ranging in population from 150,000 to 200,000 and including a random sample of 284 municipalities ranging in population from 25,000 to 150,000. Gang crime problems were defined in the same manner as in the 1992 survey, i.e., a gang (1) was identified by the police as a "gang," (2) participated in criminal activity, and (3) involved youth in its membership. As in the 1992 survey, a letter was sent to the senior law enforcement departmental administrator of each agency describing the nature of the survey. For jurisdictions included in the 1992 survey, the letter listed the specific information that had been provided in the 1992 survey and identified the departmental representative who provided the 1992 data. The senior law enforcement administrator was asked to report whether a gang crime problem existed within the jurisdiction in 1994. If a problem was reported, the administrator was asked to identify a representative of the department to provide gang crime statistics and a representative who was most knowledgeable on anti-gang field operations. Annual statistics on gang-related crime were then solicited from the departmental statistical representative. Variables include city, state, ZIP code, and population category of the police department, and whether the department reported a gang problem in 1994. Data on the number of gangs, gang members, and gang-related incidents reported by the police department are also provided. If actual numbers were not provided by the police department, estimates of the number of gangs, gang members, and gang-related incidents were calculated by sampling category. Cf.: http://dx.doi.org/10.3886/ICPSR06565.v1 cities icpsr crime icpsr gang members icpsr gang violence icpsr gangs icpsr police departments icpsr youths icpsr NACJD IX. Police ICPSR XVII.E. Social Institutions and Behavior, Crime and the Criminal Justice System Curry, G. David Ball, Richard A. Decker, Scott H. Inter-university Consortium for Political and Social Research. ICPSR (Series) 6565 Access restricted ; authentication may be required: http://dx.doi.org/10.3886/ICPSR06565.v1 nmm 22 4500 ICPSR06484 MiAaI m f a u cr mn mmmmuuuu 130619s1996 miu f a eng d (MiAaI)ICPSR06484 MiAaI MiAaI Firearms, Violence, and Youth in California, Illinois, Louisiana, and New Jersey, 1991 [electronic resource] Joseph F. Sheley , James D. Wright , M. Dwayne Smith 2005-11-04 Ann Arbor, Mich. Inter-university Consortium for Political and Social Research [distributor] 1996 ICPSR 6484 Numeric Title from ICPSR DDI metadata of 2013-06-19. AVAILABLE. This study is freely available to the general public. Also available as downloadable files. Violence committed by and against juveniles was the focus of this study. Two groups were examined: incarcerated (criminally active) juveniles and students in inner-city high schools, since these youths are popularly considered to engage in and experience violence (especially gun-related violence), to belong to urban street gangs, and to participate in the drug trafficking thought to lead to excessive gun violence. Self-administered questionnaires were completed by 835 male inmates in six correctional facilities and 1,663 male and female students from ten inner-city high schools in California, Illinois, Louisiana, and New Jersey. Data collection took place during January through April of 1991. To maximize response rates, inducements of five dollars were offered to the inmates, Spanish-language versions of the questionnaire were provided to inmates who preferred them, and personal interviews were conducted with inmates whose reading skills were less than sufficient to complete the questionnaire on their own. In four schools, principals permitted the inducements to be offered to students to participate in the study. As with the inmate survey, a Spanish-language version of the questionnaire was provided to students who preferred it. The questionnaires covered roughly the same core topics for both inmates and students. Items included questions on sociodemographic characteristics, school experiences, gun ownership, gun use for several types of firearms, gun acquisition patterns, gun-carrying habits, use of other weapons, gang membership and gang activities, self-reported criminal histories, victimization patterns, drug use, alcohol use, and attitudes concerning guns, crime, and violence. In both questionnaires, the majority of the items covered firearms knowledge, acquisition, and use. The remaining items in the inmate survey primarily covered criminal behavior and, secondarily, victimization histories. In the student survey, these priorities were reversed. Cf.: http://dx.doi.org/10.3886/ICPSR06484.v1 drug traffic icpsr firearms icpsr gangs icpsr gun ownership icpsr gun use icpsr high school students icpsr inner city icpsr juvenile inmates icpsr violence icpsr youths icpsr RCMD I. Crime ICPSR XVII.E. Social Institutions and Behavior, Crime and the Criminal Justice System NACJD VII. Crime and Delinquency Sheley, Joseph F. Wright, James D. Smith, M. Dwayne Inter-university Consortium for Political and Social Research. ICPSR (Series) 6484 Access restricted ; authentication may be required: http://dx.doi.org/10.3886/ICPSR06484.v1 nmm 22 4500 ICPSR09398 MiAaI m f a u cr mn mmmmuuuu 130619s1991 miu f a eng d (MiAaI)ICPSR09398 MiAaI MiAaI Gang Involvement in "Rock" Cocaine Trafficking in Los Angeles, 1984-1985 [electronic resource] Malcolm W. Klein , Cheryl L. Maxson 2006-03-30 Ann Arbor, Mich. Inter-university Consortium for Political and Social Research [distributor] 1991 ICPSR 9398 Numeric Title from ICPSR DDI metadata of 2013-06-19. AVAILABLE. This study is freely available to the general public. Also available as downloadable files. The purpose of this data collection was to investigate the possible increase in gang involvement within cocaine and "rock" cocaine trafficking. Investigators also examined the relationships among gangs, cocaine trafficking, and increasing levels of violence. They attempted to determine the effects of increased gang involvement in cocaine distribution in terms of the location of an incident, the demographic profiles of suspects, and the level of firearm use. They also looked at issues such as whether the connection between gangs and cocaine trafficking yielded more drug-related violence, how the connection between gangs and cocaine trafficking affected police investigative processes such as intra-organizational communication and the use of special enforcement technologies, what kinds of working relationships were established between narcotics units and gang control units, and what the characteristics were of the rock trafficking and rock house technologies of the dealers. Part 1 (Sales Arrest Incident Data File) contains data for the cocaine sales arrest incidents. Part 2 (Single Incident Participant Data File) contains data for participants of the cocaine sales arrest incidents. Part 3 (Single Incident Participant Prior Arrest Data File) contains data for the prior arrests of the participants in the cocaine arrest incidents. Part 4 (Multiple Event Incident Data File) contains data for multiple event incidents. Part 5 (Multiple Event Arrest Incident Data File) contains data for arrest events in the multiple event incidents. Part 6 (Multiple Event Incident Participant Data File) contains data for the participants of the arrest events. Part 7 (Multiple Event Incident Prior Arrest Data File) contains data for the prior arrest history of the multiple event participants. Part 8 (Homicide Incident Data File) contains data for homicide incidents. Part 9 (Homicide Incident Suspect/Victim Data File) contains data for the suspects and victims of the homicide incidents. Major variables characterizing the various units of observation include evidence of gang involvement, presence of drugs, presence of a rock house, presence of firearms or other weapons, presence of violence, amount of cash taken as evidence, prior arrests, and law enforcement techniques. Cf.: http://dx.doi.org/10.3886/ICPSR09398.v1 police departments icpsr police investigations icpsr violence icpsr cocaine icpsr drug related crimes icpsr drug traffic icpsr gangs icpsr law enforcement icpsr ICPSR XVII.E. Social Institutions and Behavior, Crime and the Criminal Justice System NACJD XI. Drugs, Alcohol, and Crime NACJD XIV. Homicide Studies Klein, Malcolm W. Maxson, Cheryl L. Inter-university Consortium for Political and Social Research. ICPSR (Series) 9398 Access restricted ; authentication may be required: http://dx.doi.org/10.3886/ICPSR09398.v1 nmm 22 4500 ICPSR03398 MiAaI m f a u cr mn mmmmuuuu 130619s2002 miu f a eng d (MiAaI)ICPSR03398 MiAaI MiAaI Gangs in Rural America, 1996-1998 [electronic resource] Ralph A. Weisheit , L. Edward Wells 2002-07-30 Ann Arbor, Mich. Inter-university Consortium for Political and Social Research [distributor] 2002 ICPSR 3398 Numeric Title from ICPSR DDI metadata of 2013-06-19. AVAILABLE. This study is freely available to the general public. Also available as downloadable files. This study was undertaken to enable cross-community analysis of gang trends in all areas of the United States. It was also designed to provide a comparative analysis of social, economic, and demographic differences among non-metropolitan jurisdictions in which gangs were reported to have been persistent problems, those in which gangs had been more transitory, and those that reported no gang problems. Data were collected from four separate sources and then merged into a single dataset using the county Federal Information Processing Standards (FIPS) code as the attribute of common identification. The data sources included: (1) local police agency responses to three waves (1996, 1997, and 1998) of the National Youth Gang Survey (NYGS), (2) rural-urban classification and county-level measures of primary economic activity from the Economic Research Service (ERS) of the United States Department of Agriculture, (3) county-level economic and demographic data from the County and City Data Book, 1994, and from USA Counties, 1998, produced by the United States Department of Commerce, and (4) county-level data on access to interstate highways provided by Tom Ricketts and Randy Randolph of the University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill. Variables include the FIPS codes for state, county, county subdivision, and sub-county, population in the agency jurisdiction, type of jurisdiction, and whether the county was dependent on farming, mining, manufacturing, or government. Other variables categorizing counties include retirement destination, federal lands, commuting, persistent poverty, and transfer payments. The year gang problems began in that jurisdiction, number of youth groups, number of active gangs, number of active gang members, percent of gang members who migrated, and the number of gangs in 1996, 1997, and 1998 are also available. Rounding out the variables are unemployment rates, median household income, percent of persons in county below poverty level, percent of family households that were one-parent households, percent of housing units in the county that were vacant, had no telephone, or were renter-occupied, resident population of the county in 1990 and 1997, change in unemployment rates, land area of county, percent of persons in the county speaking Spanish at home, and whether an interstate highway intersected the county. Cf.: http://dx.doi.org/10.3886/ICPSR03398.v1 demographic characteristics icpsr economic indicators icpsr gang members icpsr gangs icpsr police response icpsr rural areas icpsr rural crime icpsr social indicators icpsr NACJD IX. Police ICPSR XVII.E. Social Institutions and Behavior, Crime and the Criminal Justice System Weisheit, Ralph A. Wells, L. Edward Inter-university Consortium for Political and Social Research. ICPSR (Series) 3398 Access restricted ; authentication may be required: http://dx.doi.org/10.3886/ICPSR03398.v1 nmm 22 4500 ICPSR02570 MiAaI m f a u cr mn mmmmuuuu 130619s1999 miu f a eng d (MiAaI)ICPSR02570 MiAaI MiAaI Impact of Gang Migration [electronic resource] Effective Responses by Law Enforcement Agencies in the United States, 1992 Cheryl L. Maxson 2006-03-30 Ann Arbor, Mich. Inter-university Consortium for Political and Social Research [distributor] 1999 ICPSR 2570 Numeric Title from ICPSR DDI metadata of 2013-06-19. AVAILABLE. This study is freely available to the general public. Also available as downloadable files. This study was the first attempt to investigate gang migration systematically and on a national level. The primary objectives of the study were (1) to identify the scope of gang migration nationally, (2) to describe the nature of gang migration, (3) to assess the impact of gang migration on destination cities, and (4) to describe the current law enforcement responses to the migration of gangs and identify those that appeared to be most effective for various types of migration. Two phases of data collection were used. The major objective of the initial phase was to identify cities that had experienced gang migration (Part 1). This was accomplished by distributing a brief mail questionnaire in 1992 to law enforcement agencies in cities identified as potential gang or gang migration sites. The second major phase of data collection involved in-depth telephone interviews with law enforcement officers in cities that had experienced gang migration in order to develop descriptions of the nature of migration and police responses to it (Part 2). For Part 1, information was collected on the year migration started, number of migrants in the past year, factors that deter gang migration, number of gang members, names of gangs, ethnic distribution of gang members and their drug market involvement, number of gang homicides, number of 1991 gang "drive-bys", and if gangs or narcotics were specified in the respondent's assignment. For Part 2, information was collected on the demographics of gang members, the ethnic percentage of drug gang members and their involvement in distributing specific drugs, and the influence of gang migrants on local gang and crime situations in terms of types and methods of crime, drug distribution activities, technology/equipment used, and targets of crime. Information on patterns of gang migration, including motivations to migrate, drug gang migration, and volume of migration, was also collected. Local responses to gang migration covered information sources, department policies relative to migration, gang specialization in department, approaches taken by the department, and information exchanges and coordination among local, state, and federal agencies. Cf.: http://dx.doi.org/10.3886/ICPSR02570.v1 cities icpsr drive-by shootings icpsr drug traffic icpsr gang members icpsr gang migration icpsr gang violence icpsr gangs icpsr police response icpsr ICPSR XVII.E. Social Institutions and Behavior, Crime and the Criminal Justice System NACJD XIV. Homicide Studies NACJD VII. Crime and Delinquency Maxson, Cheryl L. Inter-university Consortium for Political and Social Research. ICPSR (Series) 2570 Access restricted ; authentication may be required: http://dx.doi.org/10.3886/ICPSR02570.v1 nmm 22 4500 ICPSR30981 MiAaI m f a u cr mn mmmmuuuu 130619s2012 miu f a eng d (MiAaI)ICPSR30981 MiAaI MiAaI Intercity Variation in Youth Homicide, Robbery, and Assault, 1984-2006 [United States] [electronic resource] Kevin Strom , Angela Browne 2012-09-20 Ann Arbor, Mich. Inter-university Consortium for Political and Social Research [distributor] 2012 ICPSR 30981 Numeric Title from ICPSR DDI metadata of 2013-06-19. AVAILABLE. This study is freely available to the general public. Also available as downloadable files. The research team collected data on homicide, robbery, and assault offending from 1984-2006 for youth 13 to 24 years of age in 91 of the 100 largest cities in the United States (based on the 1980 Census) from various existing data sources. Data on youth homicide perpetration were acquired from the Supplementary Homicide Reports (SHR) and data on nonlethal youth violence (robbery and assault) were obtained from the Uniform Crime Reports (UCR). Annual homicide, robbery, and assault arrest rates per 100,000 age-specific populations (i.e., 13 to 17 and 18 to 24 year olds) were calculated by year for each city in the study. Data on city characteristics were derived from several sources including the County and City Data Books, SHR, and the Vital Statistics Multiple Cause of Death File. The research team constructed a dataset representing lethal and nonlethal offending at the city level for 91 cities over the 23-year period from 1984 to 2006, resulting in 2,093 city year observations. Cf.: http://dx.doi.org/10.3886/ICPSR30981.v1 age icpsr assault icpsr crime patterns icpsr crime statistics icpsr drug related crimes icpsr firearms icpsr gang violence icpsr gangs icpsr homicide icpsr juvenile crime icpsr juveniles icpsr robbery icpsr trends icpsr violence icpsr violent crime icpsr violent crime statistics icpsr youths icpsr NACJD VII. Crime and Delinquency NACJD XIV. Homicide Studies ICPSR XVII.E. Social Institutions and Behavior, Crime and the Criminal Justice System Strom, Kevin Browne, Angela Inter-university Consortium for Political and Social Research. ICPSR (Series) 30981 Access restricted ; authentication may be required: http://dx.doi.org/10.3886/ICPSR30981.v1 nmm 22 4500 ICPSR06147 MiAaI m f a u cr mn mmmmuuuu 130619s1997 miu f a eng d (MiAaI)ICPSR06147 MiAaI MiAaI National Assessment of Gangs in Correctional Facilities, 1992 [electronic resource] Dennis G., et al. Baugh 1997-04-14 Ann Arbor, Mich. Inter-university Consortium for Political and Social Research [distributor] 1997 ICPSR 6147 Numeric Title from ICPSR DDI metadata of 2013-06-19. AVAILABLE. This study is freely available to the general public. Also available as downloadable files. This study sought to identify and examine current policies and strategies for controlling prison gangs and to determine the ways in which correctional facilities were dealing with gangs in their institutions. Respondents to the mail survey included 55 local jail systems and 52 state prison systems (the 50 state Departments of Corrections, the District of Columbia, and the Federal Bureau of Prisons). The survey question text used the term "security threat group" (STG), which was defined as "two or more inmates, acting together, who pose a threat to the security or safety of staff/inmates and/or are disruptive to programs and/or to the orderly management of the facility/system," rather than the generic term "gang." Data contain information on total inmate population, number of STGs, number of inmates identified as confirmed, suspected, associate, and drop-out members of STGs, total incidents of violence, number of violent incidents by STG members, management strategies to deal with gangs, and names of STGs known to be present within the system. Cf.: http://dx.doi.org/10.3886/ICPSR06147.v1 inmates icpsr policies and procedures icpsr security icpsr correctional facilities icpsr gang members icpsr gangs icpsr ICPSR XVII.E. Social Institutions and Behavior, Crime and the Criminal Justice System NACJD III. Corrections Baugh, Dennis G., et al. Inter-university Consortium for Political and Social Research. ICPSR (Series) 6147 Access restricted ; authentication may be required: http://dx.doi.org/10.3886/ICPSR06147.v1 nmm 22 4500 ICPSR06237 MiAaI m f a u cr mn mmmmuuuu 130619s1996 miu f a eng d (MiAaI)ICPSR06237 MiAaI MiAaI National Assessment Survey of Law Enforcement Anti-Gang Information Resources, 1990-1991 [electronic resource] G. David Curry , Robert J. Fox , Richard A. Ball , Darryl Stone 2005-11-04 Ann Arbor, Mich. Inter-university Consortium for Political and Social Research [distributor] 1996 ICPSR 6237 Numeric Title from ICPSR DDI metadata of 2013-06-19. AVAILABLE. This study is freely available to the general public. Also available as downloadable files. This study constituted a systematic national assessment of local law enforcement perceptions of the distribution of gang and gang-like problems in large cities in the United States, law enforcement reactions to gangs, and their policies toward gang problems. One purpose of the study was to examine changes in law enforcement perceptions of the U.S. gang problem that have occurred since NATIONAL YOUTH GANG INTERVENTION AND SUPPRESSION SURVEY, 1980-1987 (ICPSR 9792) was undertaken. The overall goal was to obtain as "conservative" as possible an estimate of the magnitude of the gang problem in the United States as reflected by the official reaction, record-keeping, and reporting of local law enforcement agencies. The agencies were asked to refer the interviewer to the individual representative of the agency who could provide the most information about the agency's processing of information on gangs and other youth-based groups engaged in criminal activity. To obtain each law enforcement agency's official, not personal, perspective on gang problems, anonymity was intentionally avoided. Each respondent was first asked whether the respondent's agency officially identified a "gang problem" within their jurisdiction. Gangs were defined for this study as groups involving youths engaging in criminal activity. Respondents were then asked if their department officially recognized the presence of other kinds of organized groups that engaged in criminal activity and involved youths and that might be identified by their department as crews, posses, or some other designation. Based on affirmative answers to questions on the officially recognized presence of gangs and the kinds of record-keeping employed by their departments, agencies were sent customized questionnaire packets asking for specifics on only those aspects of the gang problem that their representative had reported the agency kept information on. Variables include city name, state, ZIP code, whether the city participated in National Youth Gang Intervention and Suppression Survey, 1980-1987, and, if so, if the city reported a gang problem. Data on gangs include the number of homicides and other violent, property, drug-related, and vice offenses attributed to youth gangs and female gangs, total number of gang incidents, gangs, gang members, female gang members, and gangs comprised only of females for 1991, number of juvenile gang-related incidents and adult gang-related incidents in 1991, number of drive-by shootings involving gang members or female gang members in 1991, and numbers or percent estimates of gang members by ethnic groups for 1990 and 1991. Respondents also indicated whether various strategies for combating gang problems had been attempted by the department, and if so, how effective each of the crime prevention measures were. Cf.: http://dx.doi.org/10.3886/ICPSR06237.v1 juvenile gangs icpsr law enforcement agencies icpsr cities icpsr crime icpsr gang members icpsr gang violence icpsr gangs icpsr RCMD IX. Minority Populations NACJD IX. Police ICPSR XVII.E. Social Institutions and Behavior, Crime and the Criminal Justice System NACJD XIV. Homicide Studies Curry, G. David Fox, Robert J. Ball, Richard A. Stone, Darryl Inter-university Consortium for Political and Social Research. ICPSR (Series) 6237 Access restricted ; authentication may be required: http://dx.doi.org/10.3886/ICPSR06237.v1 nmm 22 4500 ICPSR06720 MiAaI m f a u cr mn mmmmuuuu 130619s1997 miu f a eng d (MiAaI)ICPSR06720 MiAaI MiAaI National Opinion Survey of Crime and Justice, 1995 [electronic resource] Timothy J. Flanagan , Dennis R. Longmire 2005-11-04 Ann Arbor, Mich. Inter-university Consortium for Political and Social Research [distributor] 1997 ICPSR 6720 Numeric Title from ICPSR DDI metadata of 2013-06-19. AVAILABLE. This study is freely available to the general public. Also available as downloadable files. The purpose of this survey was to provide legislators, public officials, and Texas residents with a reliable source of information about citizens' opinions and attitudes concerning crime and criminal justice related-topics. The data collection consists of two distinctly different files, National Data (Part 2) and Texas Data (Part 1), which can be linked or used separately for analysis. The survey questions concern neighborhood atmosphere and presentation of crime in the media, worries regarding possible attacks--both robbery and physical attacks, confidence in and opinions of police and their effectiveness, problems dealing with courts, and attitudes regarding prisoners and prisons, drug laws and drug problems, and juvenile gangs. Other questions focused on attitudes concerning the death penalty, guns, and the availability of firearms. The National Data file contains additional information expanding on the respondent's sources of crime news and gang-related questions. Demographic information on respondents includes sex, age, race, income, education, and religion. Cf.: http://dx.doi.org/10.3886/ICPSR06720.v1 attitudes icpsr capital punishment icpsr courts icpsr crime icpsr criminal justice system icpsr drug law offenses icpsr fear of crime icpsr firearms icpsr gangs icpsr handguns icpsr media coverage icpsr neighborhoods icpsr police effectiveness icpsr prison inmates icpsr prisons icpsr public opinion icpsr NACJD I. Attitude Surveys ICPSR XVII.E. Social Institutions and Behavior, Crime and the Criminal Justice System Flanagan, Timothy J. Longmire, Dennis R. Inter-university Consortium for Political and Social Research. ICPSR (Series) 6720 Access restricted ; authentication may be required: http://dx.doi.org/10.3886/ICPSR06720.v1 nmm 22 4500 ICPSR26381 MiAaI m f a u cr mn mmmmuuuu 130619s2013 miu f a eng d (MiAaI)ICPSR26381 MiAaI MiAaI National Survey of Juvenile Justice Professionals, 2005-2007 [United States] [electronic resource] Janeen Buck Willison , Christy Visher , Daniel P. Mears , Jeffrey A. Butts 2013-03-21 Ann Arbor, Mich. Inter-university Consortium for Political and Social Research [distributor] 2013 ICPSR 26381 Numeric Title from ICPSR DDI metadata of 2013-06-19. AVAILABLE. This study is freely available to the general public. Also available as downloadable files. This study involved a survey of juvenile court judges, chief probation officers, prosecutors, and public defenders to measure their impressions of recent policy changes and the critical needs facing today's juvenile justice system. In addition the study garnered recommendations for improving the administration and effectiveness of this system. The study's primary objective was to provide policymakers, administrators, and practitioners with actionable information about how to improve the operations and effectiveness of the juvenile justice system, and to examine the role practitioners could play in constructing sound juvenile justice policy. A total of 534 juvenile court judges, chief probation officers, court administrators, prosecutors, and defense attorneys in 44 states and the District of Columbia participated in the Assessing the Policy Options (APO) national practitioner survey. The survey consisted of four major sections: demographics, critical needs, policies and practices, and practitioner recommendations. Critical needs facing the juvenile justice system were measured by asking respondents about the policy priority of 13 issues in their respective jurisdictions; topics ranged from staff training and development to effective juvenile defense counsel to information technology. Respondents were also asked to assess the effectiveness of 17 different policies and practices -- ranging from parental accountability laws to transfer and treatment -- in achieving 6 vital juvenile justice outcomes. Cf.: http://dx.doi.org/10.3886/ICPSR26381.v1 juvenile justice icpsr curfew icpsr decision making icpsr gangs icpsr juvenile courts icpsr juvenile crime icpsr juvenile detention icpsr juvenile offenders icpsr juvenile recidivists icpsr mental health services icpsr needs assessment icpsr policy making icpsr restorative justice icpsr risk assessment icpsr sex offenders icpsr social services icpsr substance abuse treatment icpsr NACJD VI. Criminal Justice System NACJD VII. Crime and Delinquency NACJD V. Courts ICPSR XVII.E. Social Institutions and Behavior, Crime and the Criminal Justice System Willison, Janeen Buck Visher, Christy Mears, Daniel P. Butts, Jeffrey A. Inter-university Consortium for Political and Social Research. ICPSR (Series) 26381 Access restricted ; authentication may be required: http://dx.doi.org/10.3886/ICPSR26381.v1 nmm 22 4500 ICPSR09792 MiAaI m f a u cr mn mmmmuuuu 130619s1992 miu f a eng d (MiAaI)ICPSR09792 MiAaI MiAaI National Youth Gang Intervention and Suppression Survey, 1980-1987 [electronic resource] Irving A. Spergel , G. David Curry 2006-01-12 Ann Arbor, Mich. Inter-university Consortium for Political and Social Research [distributor] 1992 ICPSR 9792 Numeric Title from ICPSR DDI metadata of 2013-06-19. AVAILABLE. This study is freely available to the general public. Also available as downloadable files. This survey was conducted by the National Youth Gang Intervention and Suppression Program. The primary goals of the program were to assess the national scope of the gang crime problem, to identify promising programs and approaches for dealing with the problem, to develop prototypes from the information gained about the most promising programs, and to provide technical assistance for the development of gang intervention and suppression programs nationwide. The survey was designed to encompass every agency in the country that was engaged in or had recently engaged in organized responses specifically intended to deal with gang crime problems. Cities were screened with selection criteria including the presence and recognition of a youth gang problem and the presence of a youth gang program as an organized response to the problem. Respondents were classified into several major categories and subcategories: law enforcement (mainly police, prosecutors, judges, probation, corrections, and parole), schools (subdivided into security and academic personnel), community, county, or state planners, other, and community/service (subdivided into youth service, youth and family service/treatment, comprehensive crisis intervention, and grassroots groups). These data include variables coded from respondents' definitions of the gang, gang member, and gang incident. Also included are respondents' historical accounts of the gang problems in their areas. Information on the size and scope of the gang problem and response was also solicited. Cf.: http://dx.doi.org/10.3886/ICPSR09792.v2 gang violence icpsr intervention icpsr intervention strategies icpsr juvenile gangs icpsr law enforcement icpsr schools icpsr communities icpsr crime icpsr gangs icpsr NACJD VII. Crime and Delinquency ICPSR XVII.E. Social Institutions and Behavior, Crime and the Criminal Justice System Spergel, Irving A. Curry, G. David Inter-university Consortium for Political and Social Research. ICPSR (Series) 9792 Access restricted ; authentication may be required: http://dx.doi.org/10.3886/ICPSR09792.v2 nmm 22 4500 ICPSR09038 MiAaI m f a u cr mn mmmmuuuu 130619s1984 miu f a eng d (MiAaI)ICPSR09038 MiAaI MiAaI Operation Hardcore [Crime] Evaluation [electronic resource] Los Angeles, 1976-1980 Los Angeles District Attorney's Office 2006-01-12 Ann Arbor, Mich. Inter-university Consortium for Political and Social Research [distributor] 1984 ICPSR 9038 Numeric Title from ICPSR DDI metadata of 2013-06-19. AVAILABLE. This study is freely available to the general public. Also available as downloadable files. This evaluation was developed and implemented by the Los Angeles District Attorney's Office to examine the effectiveness of specialized prosecutorial activities in dealing with the local problem of rising gang violence, in particular the special gang prosecution unit Operation Hardcore. One part of the evaluation was a system performance analysis. The purposes of this system performance analysis were (1) to describe the problems of gang violence in Los Angeles and the ways that incidents of gang violence were handled by the Los Angeles criminal justice system, and (2) to document the activities of Operation Hardcore and its effect on the criminal justice system's handling of the cases prosecuted by that unit. Computer-generated listings from the Los Angeles District Attorney's Office of all individuals referred for prosecution by local police agencies were used to identify those individuals who were subsequently prosecuted by the District Attorney. Data from working files on all cases prosecuted, including copies of police, court, and criminal history records as well as information on case prosecution, were used to describe criminal justice handling. Information from several supplementary sources was also included, such as the automated Prosecutors Management Information System (PROMIS) maintained by the District Attorney's Office, and court records from the Superior Court of California in Los Angeles County, the local felony court. Cf.: http://dx.doi.org/10.3886/ICPSR09038.v2 arrests icpsr assault icpsr burglary icpsr correctional facilities icpsr crime icpsr criminal histories icpsr criminal justice system icpsr defendants icpsr delinquent behavior icpsr demographic characteristics icpsr disposition (legal) icpsr district attorneys icpsr driving under the influence icpsr drug possession icpsr felony offenses icpsr gang violence icpsr gangs icpsr hearings icpsr jails icpsr kidnapping icpsr murder icpsr plea negotiations icpsr rape icpsr robbery icpsr sentencing icpsr theft icpsr victimization icpsr weapons icpsr witnesses icpsr ICPSR XVII.E. Social Institutions and Behavior, Crime and the Criminal Justice System RCMD I. Crime NACJD XIV. Homicide Studies NACJD VI. Criminal Justice System Los Angeles District Attorney's Office Inter-university Consortium for Political and Social Research. ICPSR (Series) 9038 Access restricted ; authentication may be required: http://dx.doi.org/10.3886/ICPSR09038.v2 nmm 22 4500 ICPSR25865 MiAaI m f a u cr mn mmmmuuuu 130619s2011 miu f a eng d (MiAaI)ICPSR25865 MiAaI MiAaI Outcome Evaluation of the Teens, Crime, and the Community/Community Works (TCC/CW) Training Program in Nine Cities Across Four States, 2004-2005 [electronic resource] Finn-Aage Esbensen 2011-03-30 Ann Arbor, Mich. Inter-university Consortium for Political and Social Research [distributor] 2011 ICPSR 25865 Numeric Title from ICPSR DDI metadata of 2013-06-19. AVAILABLE. This study is freely available to the general public. Also available as downloadable files. In 1985, the Teens, Crime, and the Community and Community Works (TCC/CW) program, a collaborative effort by the National Crime Prevention Council (NCPC) and Street Law, Inc., was developed in an effort to reduce adolescent victimization. The purpose of the study was to assess whether the TCC/CW program was successfully implemented and whether it achieved its desired outcome, namely to reduce adolescent victimization. Following an extensive effort to identify potential sites for inclusion in the TCC/CW program outcome evaluation, a quasi-experimental five-wave panel study of public school students was initiated in the fall of 2004. Classrooms in the sample were matched by teacher or subject and one-half of the classrooms received the TCC/CW curriculum while the other half (the control group) was not exposed to the curriculum. A total of 1,686 students representing 98 classrooms in 15 middle schools located in 9 cities in 4 different states were surveyed 3 times: pre-tests in Fall 2004 (Part 1), post-tests in Spring 2005 (Part 2), and through a one-year follow-up survey in Fall 2005 (Part 3). A total of 227 variables are included in Part 1, 297 in Part 2, and 290 in Part 3. Most of these variables are the same across waves, including demographic variables, variables measuring whether the students are involved in extracurricular and other school related activities, community service, religious activities, family activities, employment, or illegal activities and crime, variables measuring the students' views regarding bullying, schoolwork, school and neighborhood violence, property crimes, drug use, alcohol use, gun violence, vandalism, skipping school, inter-racial tensions, neighborhood poverty, and law-enforcement officers, variables measuring how students react to anger, risk, conflict with fellow students, and how they handle long-term versus short-term decision-making, variables measuring group dynamics, variables measuring students' self-esteem, and variables measuring students' awareness of resources in their respective school and neighborhood to address problems and provide support. Cf.: http://dx.doi.org/10.3886/ICPSR25865.v1 adolescents icpsr alcohol abuse icpsr bullying icpsr crime icpsr crime in schools icpsr delinquent behavior icpsr drug abuse icpsr educational environment icpsr evaluation icpsr fear of crime icpsr gang members icpsr gangs icpsr juvenile crime icpsr juvenile gangs icpsr juveniles icpsr neighborhood conditions icpsr outcome evaluation icpsr reactions to crime icpsr school security icpsr school violence icpsr social problems icpsr substance abuse icpsr victimization icpsr weapons icpsr NACJD VII. Crime and Delinquency ICPSR XVII.E. Social Institutions and Behavior, Crime and the Criminal Justice System Esbensen, Finn-Aage Inter-university Consortium for Political and Social Research. ICPSR (Series) 25865 Access restricted ; authentication may be required: http://dx.doi.org/10.3886/ICPSR25865.v1 nmm 22 4500 ICPSR08934 MiAaI m f a u cr mn mmmmuuuu 130619s1988 miu f a eng d (MiAaI)ICPSR08934 MiAaI MiAaI Police Response to Street Gang Violence in California [electronic resource] Improving the Investigative Process, 1985 Malcolm W. Klein , Cheryl L. Maxson , Margaret A. Gordon 2006-01-12 Ann Arbor, Mich. Inter-university Consortium for Political and Social Research [distributor] 1988 ICPSR 8934 Numeric Title from ICPSR DDI metadata of 2013-06-19. AVAILABLE. This study is freely available to the general public. Also available as downloadable files. This data collection examines gang and non-gang homicides as well as other types of offenses in small California jurisdictions. Data are provided on violent gang offenses and offenders as well as on a companion sample of non-gang offenses and offenders. Two separate data files are supplied, one for participants and one for incidents. The participant data include age, gender, race, and role of participants. The incident data include information from the "violent incident data collection form" (setting, auto involvement, and amount of property loss), and the "group indicators coding form" (argot, tattoos, clothing, and slang terminology). Cf.: http://dx.doi.org/10.3886/ICPSR08934.v1 crime icpsr criminal justice system icpsr death icpsr demographic characteristics icpsr gangs icpsr murder icpsr violence icpsr NACJD XIV. Homicide Studies ICPSR XVII.E. Social Institutions and Behavior, Crime and the Criminal Justice System NACJD IX. Police Klein, Malcolm W. Maxson, Cheryl L. Gordon, Margaret A. Inter-university Consortium for Political and Social Research. ICPSR (Series) 8934 Access restricted ; authentication may be required: http://dx.doi.org/10.3886/ICPSR08934.v1 nmm 22 4500 ICPSR03583 MiAaI m f a u cr mn mmmmuuuu 130619s2003 miu f a eng d (MiAaI)ICPSR03583 MiAaI MiAaI Policing by Injunction [electronic resource] Problem-Oriented Dimensions of Civil Gang Abatement in the State of California, 1987-2001 Edward L. Allan 2006-03-30 Ann Arbor, Mich. Inter-university Consortium for Political and Social Research [distributor] 2003 ICPSR 3583 Numeric Title from ICPSR DDI metadata of 2013-06-19. AVAILABLE. This study is freely available to the general public. Also available as downloadable files. This study examined whether civil gang abatement is consistent with the model of problem-oriented intervention. Civil gang abatement is a legal strategy that employs the civil remedy of the preventive injunction to address persistent public nuisances caused by gangs in specific neighborhoods. This study focused on injunction initiatives, which are efforts by prosecutors to acquire a preliminary injunction against a gang, regardless of the decision by the court. The researcher examined all identified gang injunction cases filed with the Superior Court of California from October 1987 through June 2001. Data on gang activities that led to efforts to obtain injunctions were gathered from court records, and additional data were gathered through surveys of the prosecutors involved in each injunction initiative. Questions in the survey covered the nature of the gang problem, the entity responsible for initiating the effort to get an injunction, specific events that triggered the initiative and influenced it after initiation, the existence of other interventions or programs conducted in conjunction with the initiative, the prosecutors' perceptions of the nature and impact of community involvement, and information on community entities that supported and opposed the initiatives. Cf.: http://dx.doi.org/10.3886/ICPSR03583.v1 gang violence icpsr gangs icpsr injunctions icpsr intervention strategies icpsr neighborhoods icpsr program evaluation icpsr NACJD IX. Police ICPSR XVII.E. Social Institutions and Behavior, Crime and the Criminal Justice System Allan, Edward L. Inter-university Consortium for Political and Social Research. ICPSR (Series) 3583 Access restricted ; authentication may be required: http://dx.doi.org/10.3886/ICPSR03583.v1 nmm 22 4500 ICPSR02792 MiAaI m f a u cr mn mmmmuuuu 130619s2000 miu f a eng d (MiAaI)ICPSR02792 MiAaI MiAaI Prevalence of Five Gang Structures in 201 Cities in the United States, 1992 and 1995 [electronic resource] Malcolm W. Klein , Cheryl L. Maxson 2005-11-04 Ann Arbor, Mich. Inter-university Consortium for Political and Social Research [distributor] 2000 ICPSR 2792 Numeric Title from ICPSR DDI metadata of 2013-06-19. AVAILABLE. This study is freely available to the general public. Also available as downloadable files. The goal of this study was to provide useful data on how street gang crime patterns (by amount and type of offense) relate to common patterns of street gang structure, thus providing focused, data-based guidelines for gang control and intervention. The data collection consists of two components: (1) descriptions of cities' gang activities taken from an earlier study of gang migration in 1992, IMPACT OF GANG MIGRATION: EFFECTIVE RESPONSES BY LAW ENFORCEMENT AGENCIES IN THE UNITED STATES, 1992 (ICPSR 2570), and (2) gang structure data from 1995 interviews with police agencies in a sample of the same cities that responded to the 1992 survey. Information taken from the 1992 study includes the year of gang emergence in the city, numbers of active gangs and gang members, ethnic distribution of gang members, numbers of gang homicides and "drive-bys" in 1991, state in which the city is located, and population of the city. Information from the 1995 gang structures survey provides detail on the ethnic distributions of gangs, whether a predominant gang structure was present, each gang structure's typical size, and the total number of each of the five gang structures identified by the principal investigators -- chronic traditional, emergent traditional, emergent integrated, expanded integrated, and specialty integrated. City crime information was collected on the spread of arrests, number of serious arrests, volume and specialization of crime, arrest profile codes and history, uniform crime rate compared to city population, ratio of serious arrests to total arrests, and ratio of arrests to city population. Cf.: http://dx.doi.org/10.3886/ICPSR02792.v1 cities icpsr crime patterns icpsr drive-by shootings icpsr gang members icpsr gang migration icpsr gang violence icpsr gangs icpsr homicide icpsr intervention icpsr law enforcement icpsr NACJD XIV. Homicide Studies NACJD VII. Crime and Delinquency ICPSR XVII.E. Social Institutions and Behavior, Crime and the Criminal Justice System Klein, Malcolm W. Maxson, Cheryl L. Inter-university Consortium for Political and Social Research. ICPSR (Series) 2792 Access restricted ; authentication may be required: http://dx.doi.org/10.3886/ICPSR02792.v1 nmm 22 4500 ICPSR13709 MiAaI m f a u cr mn mmmmuuuu 130619s2007 miu f a eng d (MiAaI)ICPSR13709 MiAaI MiAaI Project on Human Development in Chicago Neighborhoods (PHDCN) [electronic resource] Gangs, Wave 3, 2000-2002 Felton J. Earls , Jeanne Brooks-Gunn , Stephen W. Raudenbush , Robert J. Sampson 2007-02-06 Ann Arbor, Mich. Inter-university Consortium for Political and Social Research [distributor] 2007 ICPSR 13709 Numeric Title from ICPSR DDI metadata of 2013-06-19. AVAILABLE. This study is freely available to the general public. Also available as downloadable files. The Project on Human Development in Chicago Neighborhoods (PHDCN) was a large-scale, interdisciplinary study of how families, schools, and neighborhoods affect child and adolescent development. One component of the PHDCN was the Longitudinal Cohort Study, which was a series of coordinated longitudinal studies that followed over 6,000 randomly selected children, adolescents, and young adults, and their primary caregivers over time to examine the changing circumstances of their lives, as well as the personal characteristics, that might lead them toward or away from a variety of antisocial behaviors. Numerous measures were administered to respondents to gauge various aspects of human development, including individual differences, as well as family, peer, and school influences. One such measure was the Gangs instrument. It was administered to subjects in Cohorts 6, 9, 12, 15, and 18 and obtained information related to gangs in the subject's neighborhood as well as any involvement in gangs by the subject. Cf.: http://dx.doi.org/10.3886/ICPSR13709.v1 adolescents icpsr child development icpsr childhood icpsr neighborhoods icpsr social behavior icpsr gangs icpsr juvenile gangs icpsr gang members icpsr ICPSR XVII.C.1. Social Institutions and Behavior, Socialization, Students, and Youth, United States PHDCN IV. Longitudinal Cohort Study NACJD VII. Crime and Delinquency DSDR VIII. NICHD Supported Studies Earls, Felton J. Brooks-Gunn, Jeanne Raudenbush, Stephen W. Sampson, Robert J. Inter-university Consortium for Political and Social Research. ICPSR (Series) 13709 Access restricted ; authentication may be required: http://dx.doi.org/10.3886/ICPSR13709.v1 nmm 22 4500 ICPSR13578 MiAaI m f a u cr mn mmmmuuuu 130619s2005 miu f a eng d (MiAaI)ICPSR13578 MiAaI MiAaI Project on Human Development in Chicago Neighborhoods (PHDCN) [electronic resource] Systematic Social Observation, 1995 Felton J. Earls , Stephen W. Raudenbush , Albert J., Jr. Reiss , Robert J. Sampson 2005-07-18 Ann Arbor, Mich. Inter-university Consortium for Political and Social Research [distributor] 2005 ICPSR 13578 Numeric Title from ICPSR DDI metadata of 2013-06-19. AVAILABLE. This study is freely available to the general public. Also available as downloadable files. The Project on Human Development in Chicago Neighborhoods (PHDCN) was a large-scale, interdisciplinary study of how families, schools, and neighborhoods affect child and adolescent development. One component of the PHDCN was the Systematic Social Observation (SSO). The SSO was a standardized approach for directly observing the physical, social, and economic characteristics of neighborhoods, one block at a time. In 1995, the PHDCN initiated a combined person-based and videotaped approach to collecting systematic observations of neighborhoods. Eighty of the 343 Neighborhood Clusters were used in this study. Once the sampling was complete, the block face (the block segment on one side of the street) became the unit of observation. Using videotape and observer logs, data were collected in the 80 sampled Chicago neighborhoods. Only a sample of block faces were selected for coding due to budget expenses. The National Opinion Research Center (NORC) collected the data for the SSO. Between June and October of 1995, trained observers from NORC drove a sports utility vehicle down every block within the 80 sampled neighborhoods. A videographer videotaped both sides of each block, while two observers recorded characteristics of each block face on observer logs. Further coding of the videotapes and observer logs was conducted by NORC staff. Cf.: http://dx.doi.org/10.3886/ICPSR13578.v1 communities icpsr delinquent behavior icpsr gangs icpsr housing icpsr housing conditions icpsr neighborhood characteristics icpsr neighborhood conditions icpsr neighborhoods icpsr perceptions icpsr social behavior icpsr social control icpsr social indicators icpsr substance abuse icpsr urban areas icpsr urban crime icpsr violence icpsr DSDR VIII. NICHD Supported Studies DSDR VI. Population Characteristics PHDCN II. Systematic Social Observations RCMD I. Crime NACJD VII. Crime and Delinquency RCMD IX. Minority Populations ICPSR XVII. Social Institutions and Behavior Earls, Felton J. Raudenbush, Stephen W. Reiss, Albert J., Jr. Sampson, Robert J. Inter-university Consortium for Political and Social Research. ICPSR (Series) 13578 Access restricted ; authentication may be required: http://dx.doi.org/10.3886/ICPSR13578.v1 nmm 22 4500 ICPSR13661 MiAaI m f a u cr mn mmmmuuuu 130619s2005 miu f a eng d (MiAaI)ICPSR13661 MiAaI MiAaI Project on Human Development in Chicago Neighborhoods (PHDCN) [electronic resource] Things I Can Do If I Try, Wave 2, 1997-2000 Felton J. Earls , Jeanne Brooks-Gunn , Stephen W. Raudenbush , Robert J. Sampson 2005-12-06 Ann Arbor, Mich. Inter-university Consortium for Political and Social Research [distributor] 2005 ICPSR 13661 Numeric Title from ICPSR DDI metadata of 2013-06-19. AVAILABLE. This study is freely available to the general public. Also available as downloadable files. The Project on Human Development in Chicago Neighborhoods (PHDCN) was a large-scale, interdisciplinary study of how families, schools, and neighborhoods affect child and adolescent development. One component of the PHDCN was the Longitudinal Cohort Study, which was a series of coordinated longitudinal studies that followed over 6,000 randomly selected children, adolescents, and young adults, and their primary caregivers over time to examine the changing circumstances of their lives, as well as the personal characteristics, that might lead them toward or away from a variety of antisocial behaviors. Numerous measures were administered to respondents to gauge various aspects of human development, including individual differences, as well as family, peer, and school influences. The Things I Can Do If I Try survey was a self-efficacy instrument designed for children. It was given to subjects in Cohorts 9, 12, and 15. This instrument was developed specifically for the PHDCN design, and it included an assessment of efficacy in five domains: future, school, neighborhood, home, and social. Cf.: http://dx.doi.org/10.3886/ICPSR13661.v1 adolescents icpsr caregivers icpsr child development icpsr childhood icpsr children icpsr friendships icpsr gangs icpsr homework icpsr neighborhoods icpsr parent child relationship icpsr social behavior icpsr social life icpsr study habits icpsr CCEERC II.B. Child Development RCMD I. Crime RCMD IX. Minority Populations CCEERC II.A. Age Groups NACJD VII. Crime and Delinquency CCEERC IX.E. Family Structure PHDCN IV. Longitudinal Cohort Study CCEERC IX.H. Parent Involvement ICPSR XVII.C.1. Social Institutions and Behavior, Socialization, Students, and Youth, United States DSDR VIII. NICHD Supported Studies Earls, Felton J. Brooks-Gunn, Jeanne Raudenbush, Stephen W. Sampson, Robert J. Inter-university Consortium for Political and Social Research. ICPSR (Series) 13661 Access restricted ; authentication may be required: http://dx.doi.org/10.3886/ICPSR13661.v1 nmm 22 4500 ICPSR13746 MiAaI m f a u cr mn mmmmuuuu 130619s2007 miu f a eng d (MiAaI)ICPSR13746 MiAaI MiAaI Project on Human Development in Chicago Neighborhoods (PHDCN) [electronic resource] Things I Can Do If I Try, Wave 3, 2000-2002 Felton J. Earls , Jeanne Brooks-Gunn , Stephen W. Raudenbush , Robert J. Sampson 2007-02-07 Ann Arbor, Mich. Inter-university Consortium for Political and Social Research [distributor] 2007 ICPSR 13746 Numeric Title from ICPSR DDI metadata of 2013-06-19. AVAILABLE. This study is freely available to the general public. Also available as downloadable files. The Project on Human Development in Chicago Neighborhoods (PHDCN) was a large-scale, interdisciplinary study of how families, schools, and neighborhoods affect child and adolescent development. One component of the PHDCN was the Longitudinal Cohort Study, which was a series of coordinated longitudinal studies that followed over 6,000 randomly selected children, adolescents, and young adults, and their primary caregivers over time to examine the changing circumstances of their lives, as well as the personal characteristics, that might lead them toward or away from a variety of antisocial behaviors. Numerous measures were administered to respondents to gauge various aspects of human development, including individual differences, as well as family, peer, and school influences. One such measure was the Things I Can Do If I Try survey, a self-efficacy instrument designed for children. It was given to subjects in Cohorts 9 and 12. This instrument was developed specifically for the PHDCN design, and it included an assessment of efficacy in five domains: future, school, neighborhood, home, and social. It is closely related to PROJECT ON HUMAN DEVELOPMENT IN CHICAGO NEIGHBORHOODS (PHDCN): THINGS I CAN DO IF I TRY, WAVE 2, 1997-2000 (ICPSR 13661). Cf.: http://dx.doi.org/10.3886/ICPSR13746.v1 adolescents icpsr caregivers icpsr child development icpsr childhood icpsr children icpsr friendships icpsr gangs icpsr homework icpsr neighborhoods icpsr parent child relationship icpsr social behavior icpsr social life icpsr study habits icpsr ICPSR XVII.C.1. Social Institutions and Behavior, Socialization, Students, and Youth, United States DSDR VIII. NICHD Supported Studies CCEERC IX.H. Parent Involvement CCEERC IX.E. Family Structure NACJD VII. Crime and Delinquency CCEERC II.A. Age Groups CCEERC II.B. Child Development PHDCN IV. Longitudinal Cohort Study Earls, Felton J. Brooks-Gunn, Jeanne Raudenbush, Stephen W. Sampson, Robert J. Inter-university Consortium for Political and Social Research. ICPSR (Series) 13746 Access restricted ; authentication may be required: http://dx.doi.org/10.3886/ICPSR13746.v1 nmm 22 4500 ICPSR20357 MiAaI m f a u cr mn mmmmuuuu 130619s2009 miu f a eng d (MiAaI)ICPSR20357 MiAaI MiAaI Reducing Violent Crime and Firearms Violence in Indianapolis, Indiana, 2003-2005 [electronic resource] Steven Chermak 2009-01-30 Ann Arbor, Mich. Inter-university Consortium for Political and Social Research [distributor] 2009 ICPSR 20357 Numeric Title from ICPSR DDI metadata of 2013-06-19. AVAILABLE. This study is freely available to the general public. Also available as downloadable files. The lever-pulling model was first developed as part of a broad-based, problem-solving effort implemented in Boston in the mid-1990s. The lever-pulling strategy was a foundational element of many collaborative partnerships across the country and it was a central element of the strategic plans of many Project Safe Neighborhoods (PSN) jurisdictions. This effort attempted to deter the future violent behavior of chronic offenders by first communicating directly to them about the impact that violence had on the community and the implementation of new efforts to respond to it, and then giving credibility to this communication effort by using all available legal sanctions (i.e., levers) against these offenders when violence occurred. The purpose of the study was to perform an experimental evaluation of a lever-pulling strategy implemented in Indianapolis, Indiana. Probationers were randomly assigned to the law enforcement focused lever-pulling group, the community leader lever-pulling group, or a regular probation control group during six months between June 2003 and March 2004. There were a total of 540 probationers in the study--180 probationers in each group. Probationers in the law enforcement focused lever-pulling group had face-to-face meetings with federal and local law enforcement officials and primarily received a deterrence-based message, but community officials also discussed various types of job and treatment opportunities. In contrast, probationers in the community leader lever-pulling group attended meetings with community leaders and service providers who exclusively focused on the impact of violence on the community and available services. Three types of data were collected to assess perceptions about the meeting: offending behavior, program participation behavior, and the levers pulled. First, data were collected using a self-report survey instrument (Part 1). Second, the complete criminal history for probationers (Part 2) was collected one-year after their meeting date. Third, all available probation data (Part 3) were collected 365 days after the meeting date. Part 1, Self-Report Survey Data, includes a total of 316 variables related to the following three types of data: Section I: meeting evaluation and perception of risk, Section II: Self-reported offense and gun use behavior, and Section III: Demographics. Part 2, Criminal History Data, includes a total of 94 variables collected about the probationer's complete offending history as well as their criminal activities after the treatment for one year. Part 3, Probation Data, includes a total of 249 variables related to probation history and other outcome data. Cf.: http://dx.doi.org/10.3886/ICPSR20357.v1 arrest records icpsr gangs icpsr gun use icpsr law enforcement icpsr nonviolent crime icpsr probationers icpsr punishment icpsr recidivists icpsr victimization icpsr violence icpsr violent crime icpsr community leaders icpsr weapons icpsr weapons offenses icpsr conviction records icpsr crime control programs icpsr criminal histories icpsr criminal justice system icpsr drug traffic icpsr federal offenses icpsr firearms icpsr NACJD XIV. Homicide Studies NACJD VII. Crime and Delinquency ICPSR XVII.E. Social Institutions and Behavior, Crime and the Criminal Justice System Chermak, Steven Inter-university Consortium for Political and Social Research. ICPSR (Series) 20357 Access restricted ; authentication may be required: http://dx.doi.org/10.3886/ICPSR20357.v1 nmm 22 4500 ICPSR32881 MiAaI m f a u cr mn mmmmuuuu 130619s2013 miu f a eng d (MiAaI)ICPSR32881 MiAaI MiAaI Research on Pathways to Desistance [Maricopa County, AZ and Philadelphia County, PA] [electronic resource] Collateral Measures, 2000-2004 Edward P. Mulvey 2013-01-07 Ann Arbor, Mich. Inter-university Consortium for Political and Social Research [distributor] 2013 ICPSR 32881 Numeric Title from ICPSR DDI metadata of 2013-06-19. AVAILABLE. This study is freely available to the general public. Also available as downloadable files. The Pathways to Desistance study was a multi-site study that followed 1,354 serious juvenile offenders from adolescence to young adulthood in two locales. Enrolled into the study were adjudicated youths from the juvenile and adult court systems in Maricopa County (Phoenix), Arizona (N=654) and Philadelphia County, Pennsylvania (N=700) from 2000 through 2010. This study looks at interviews conducted with the collateral informants who participated in the study. The collateral informants were nominated by the main study participant and represented individuals who "knew the study participant well". At the interview baseline the collateral informant was usually a biological parent. During the three follow-up interviews the majority of collaterals were a friend. Collateral informants could also be a sibling, significant other, or relative. Collaterals were asked questions in regards to the main study participant's life, allowing for comparison between responses provided by two sources. A baseline interview was conducted with the collateral after the baseline interview took place with the main participant. Additional waves of follow-up with collaterals took place at 12, 24, and 36 months. A collateral report is not present for all of the main study participant interviews across waves (see response rate below). Cf.: http://dx.doi.org/10.3886/ICPSR32881.v1 interpersonal relations icpsr juvenile crime icpsr juvenile offenders icpsr neighborhood conditions icpsr personal adjustment icpsr psychological evaluation icpsr psychosocial assessment icpsr religion icpsr social behavior icpsr substance abuse icpsr income icpsr academic achievement icpsr community involvement icpsr crime icpsr demographic characteristics icpsr family life icpsr friendships icpsr gangs icpsr household composition icpsr NACJD VII. Crime and Delinquency NAHDAP I. National Addiction and HIV Data Archive Program ICPSR XVII.E. Social Institutions and Behavior, Crime and the Criminal Justice System Mulvey, Edward P. Inter-university Consortium for Political and Social Research. ICPSR (Series) 32881 Access restricted ; authentication may be required: http://dx.doi.org/10.3886/ICPSR32881.v1 nmm 22 4500 ICPSR34488 MiAaI m f a u cr mn mmmmuuuu 130619s2013 miu f a eng d (MiAaI)ICPSR34488 MiAaI MiAaI Research on Pathways to Desistance [Maricopa County, AZ and Philadelphia County, PA] [electronic resource] Release Measures, 2000-2010 [Restricted] Edward P. Mulvey 2013-02-19 Ann Arbor, Mich. Inter-university Consortium for Political and Social Research [distributor] 2013 ICPSR 34488 Numeric Title from ICPSR DDI metadata of 2013-06-19. AVAILABLE. This study is freely available to the general public. Also available as downloadable files. The Pathways to Desistance study was a multi-site study that followed 1,354 serious juvenile offenders from adolescence to young adulthood in two locales between the years 2000 and 2010. Enrolled into the study were adjudicated youths from the juvenile and adult court systems in Maricopa County (Phoenix), Arizona (N=654) and Philadelphia County, Pennsylvania (N=700). The Release data portion of the Pathways study contains information from 1,130 interviews ("release interviews") reflecting the youths' perceptions regarding various aspects of the residential experience and institutional environment (e.g., accounts of program operations and services provided, ratings regarding the participant's feelings of his or her safety in the facility). The release interview was conducted within 30 days prior to or after release from a facility and in a separate session apart from the time point interview. This was done to minimize the burden on the research participant and to ensure adequate attention to institutional ratings. The restricted time period within which to conduct the release interview reduced the likelihood that intervening events and experiences would skew the participant's recall of the stay. Study participants could contribute more than one release interview, depending upon the number of institutional placements he/she had over the seven-year follow-up period. The current release data reflects ratings from 686 unique individuals. It should be recognized that not every institutional stay for every youth produced a release interview. On the basis of the number of reported institutional stays in the sample, it is estimated that a release interview was obtained for approximately 54 percent of the total number of residential stays experienced by study participants. Release interviews were missed if the research interviewer was not aware of the institutional stay (e.g. it occurred between time point interviews) or if the interviewer only became aware of the institutional stay at a point that was too late to schedule a release interview within the required window surrounding the release date. The 686 individuals reflected in the release data represent 51 percent of the Pathway study participants (n=1,354) and 56 percent of Pathways participants who had a least one institutional stay (n=1,234; 120 Pathways youths had no institutional stays). On average, these 686 youths had 1.6 interviews. The number of interviews per unique person ranges from one to eight. Cf.: http://dx.doi.org/10.3886/ICPSR34488.v1 academic achievement icpsr community involvement icpsr demographic characteristics icpsr friendships icpsr gangs icpsr juvenile crime icpsr juvenile offenders icpsr medications icpsr religion icpsr social behavior icpsr substance abuse icpsr treatment facilities icpsr treatment outcome icpsr vocational education icpsr NACJD VII. Crime and Delinquency NAHDAP I. National Addiction and HIV Data Archive Program ICPSR XVII.E. Social Institutions and Behavior, Crime and the Criminal Justice System Mulvey, Edward P. Inter-university Consortium for Political and Social Research. ICPSR (Series) 34488 Access restricted ; authentication may be required: http://dx.doi.org/10.3886/ICPSR34488.v1 nmm 22 4500 ICPSR29961 MiAaI m f a u cr mn mmmmuuuu 130619s2012 miu f a eng d (MiAaI)ICPSR29961 MiAaI MiAaI Research on Pathways to Desistance [Maricopa County, AZ and Philadelphia County, PA] [electronic resource] Subject Measures, 2000-2010 Edward P. Mulvey 2013-01-07 Ann Arbor, Mich. Inter-university Consortium for Political and Social Research [distributor] 2012 ICPSR 29961 Numeric Title from ICPSR DDI metadata of 2013-06-19. AVAILABLE. This study is freely available to the general public. Also available as downloadable files. The Pathways to Desistance study was a multi-site study that followed 1,354 serious juvenile offenders from adolescence to young adulthood in two locales between the years 2000 and 2010. Enrolled into the study were adjudicated youths from the juvenile and adult court systems in Maricopa County (Phoenix), Arizona (N=654) and Philadelphia County, Pennsylvania (N=700). Respondents were enrolled and baseline interviews conducted from November 2000 to January 2003. Follow-up interviews were then scheduled with the respondents at 6, 12, 18, 24, 30, 36, 48, 60, 72 and 84 months past their baseline interview. The enrolled youth were at least 14 years old and under 18 years old at the time of their committing offense and were found guilty of a serious offense (predominantly felonies, with a few exceptions for some misdemeanor property offenses, sexual assault, or weapons offenses). The baseline interview was conducted within 75 days of the youth's adjudication hearing. For youths in the adult system, the baseline interview was conducted within 90 days of either (a) the decertification hearing in Philadelphia, a hearing at which it is determined if the case will remain in adult court or if it will be sent back to juvenile court; or (b) the adult arraignment hearing in Phoenix, the point in the Arizona adult system at which charges have been formally presented. The aims of the investigation were to identify initial patterns of how serious adolescent offenders stop antisocial activity, to describe the role of social context and developmental changes in promoting these positive changes, and to compare the effects of sanctions and interventions in promoting these changes. The larger goals of the Pathways to Desistance study were to improve decision-making by court and social service personnel and to clarify policy debates about alternatives for serious adolescent offenders. The study relied primarily on self-report information from study participants. Each wave of data collection covered six domains: (1) background characteristics (e.g., demographics, academic achievement, psychiatric diagnoses, offense history, neurological functioning, psychopathy, personality), (2) indicators of individual functioning (e.g., work and school status and performance, substance abuse, mental disorder, antisocial behavior), (3) psychosocial development and attitudes (e.g., impulse control, susceptibility to peer influence, perceptions of opportunity, perceptions of procedural justice, moral disengagement), (4) family context (e.g., household composition, quality of family relationships), (5) personal relationships (e.g., quality of romantic relationships and friendships, peer delinquency, contacts with caring adults), and (6) community context (e.g., neighborhood conditions, personal capital, and community involvement). Information about the measures used to capture this information can be found on the Pathways to Desistance website. Cf.: http://dx.doi.org/10.3886/ICPSR29961.v2 family life icpsr friendships icpsr gangs icpsr household composition icpsr income icpsr interpersonal relations icpsr juvenile crime icpsr juvenile offenders icpsr neighborhood conditions icpsr personal adjustment icpsr psychological evaluation icpsr psychosocial assessment icpsr religion icpsr social behavior icpsr substance abuse icpsr academic achievement icpsr community involvement icpsr crime icpsr demographic characteristics icpsr NACJD VII. Crime and Delinquency NAHDAP I. National Addiction and HIV Data Archive Program ICPSR XVII.E. Social Institutions and Behavior, Crime and the Criminal Justice System Mulvey, Edward P. Inter-university Consortium for Political and Social Research. ICPSR (Series) 29961 Access restricted ; authentication may be required: http://dx.doi.org/10.3886/ICPSR29961.v2 nmm 22 4500 ICPSR28701 MiAaI m f a u cr mn mmmmuuuu 130619s2010 miu f a eng d (MiAaI)ICPSR28701 MiAaI MiAaI Seattle Neighborhoods and Crime Survey, 2002-2003 [electronic resource] Ross L. Matsueda 2010-12-10 Ann Arbor, Mich. Inter-university Consortium for Political and Social Research [distributor] 2010 ICPSR 28701 Numeric Title from ICPSR DDI metadata of 2013-06-19. AVAILABLE. This study is freely available to ICPSR member institutions. Also available as downloadable files. n property, violence, and robbery. Demographic information includes age, race, sex, education, martial status, household income, whether respondent was a student, employment status, religious affiliation, approximate value of home, monthly rent including utilities, residence history in the last five years, whether respondent was born in the Unites States, and number of people currently living in the respondent's household. Cf.: http://dx.doi.org/10.3886/ICPSR28701.v1 adolescents icpsr attitudes icpsr citizen crime reporting icpsr citizen participation icpsr community involvement icpsr crime icpsr firearms icpsr gangs icpsr housing icpsr images icpsr neighborhood characteristics icpsr neighborhood conditions icpsr neighborhoods icpsr neighbors icpsr police icpsr police effectiveness icpsr public opinion icpsr race relations icpsr victims icpsr NACJD II. Community Studies ICPSR XVII. Social Institutions and Behavior RCMD XII. Public Opinion NACJD VII. Crime and Delinquency ICPSR XVII.A. Social Institutions and Behavior, Minorities and Race Relations NACJD X. Victimization RCMD I. Crime ICPSR II. Community and Urban Studies Matsueda, Ross L. Inter-university Consortium for Political and Social Research. ICPSR (Series) 28701 Access restricted ; authentication may be required: http://dx.doi.org/10.3886/ICPSR28701.v1 nmm 22 4500 ICPSR06255 MiAaI m f a u cr mn mmmmuuuu 130619s1995 miu f a eng d (MiAaI)ICPSR06255 MiAaI MiAaI Street Gangs and Drug Sales in Pasadena and Pomona, California, 1989-1991 [electronic resource] Cheryl L. Maxson , Malcolm W. Klein , Lea C. Cunningham 2006-01-12 Ann Arbor, Mich. Inter-university Consortium for Political and Social Research [distributor] 1995 ICPSR 6255 Numeric Title from ICPSR DDI metadata of 2013-06-19. AVAILABLE. This study is freely available to the general public. Also available as downloadable files. These data were collected to explore connections between street gangs and drug distribution. The research objectives for this study were (1) to assess the magnitude of gang involvement in cocaine and other drug sales in two suburban cities, (2) to compare the characteristics of gang-involved drug sale incidents with those without gang involvement, (3) to assess the generalizability of findings on cocaine to other drugs, and from urban to more suburban settings, and (4) to translate the implications of the research findings into the development of law enforcement strategies. Law enforcement arrest records and gang membership records were obtained for two study sites, Pasadena and Pomona, California. Part 1, the incident-level file, supplies information on arrest incidents qualifying as drug sales. Variables in the file include presence at arrest of violence, guns, cash, and drugs, types of charges, gang characteristics of the incident, racial/ethnic makeup of arrestees, gender of arrestees, and gang affiliation of arrestees. Part 2, the participant-level file, supplies data on each participant in each incident. Variables in this file include gender, ethnicity, gang membership status, and charges. Cf.: http://dx.doi.org/10.3886/ICPSR06255.v2 arrest records icpsr drug traffic icpsr gang members icpsr gangs icpsr suburbs icpsr urban areas icpsr ICPSR XVII.E. Social Institutions and Behavior, Crime and the Criminal Justice System NACJD XI. Drugs, Alcohol, and Crime Maxson, Cheryl L. Klein, Malcolm W. Cunningham, Lea C. Inter-university Consortium for Political and Social Research. ICPSR (Series) 6255 Access restricted ; authentication may be required: http://dx.doi.org/10.3886/ICPSR06255.v2 nmm 22 4500 ICPSR32161 MiAaI m f a u cr mn mmmmuuuu 130619s2012 miu f a eng d (MiAaI)ICPSR32161 MiAaI MiAaI Understanding the Fear of Street Gangs [electronic resource] The Importance of Community Conditions [Santa Ana, California, 1997] Jodi Lane , Joan Petersilia 2012-02-29 Ann Arbor, Mich. Inter-university Consortium for Political and Social Research [distributor] 2012 ICPSR 32161 Numeric Title from ICPSR DDI metadata of 2013-06-19. AVAILABLE. This study is freely available to ICPSR member institutions. Also available as downloadable files. This study was designed as an exploratory study to understand fear of gang crime among residents living in an urban area plagued by gangs. During the Summer of 1997, six focus groups were conducted in Santa Ana, California -- two in lower income neighborhoods, two in middle income neighborhoods, and two in upper income neighborhoods. After the focus groups ended, participants were asked to take disposable cameras with them and take pictures of examples of neighborhood factors that prompted them to fear gangs and then mail them back to me in a postage-paid envelope. The research questions guiding this study were: How do the fear-of-crime perspectives apply to fear of gang crime specifically? When worrying about gang crime, do different people focus primarily on different problems (e.g., some diversity or some disorder), or do the same people think about all of these factors? Findings first showed that all four theoretical perspectives on fear of crime applied to the same people at once, rather than to different people (e.g., some being worried about racial and ethnic differences but others about disorder). Second, findings illustrated specifically how these residents connected the factors into one thought process leading to fear of gangs. Residents in these groups clearly believed that ethnic and cultural diversity, or in this case, recent "illegal" Latino immigrants, brought disorder, which in turn caused community decline and brought gangs. This thought process led to personal fear of gang-related victimization. Their beliefs about these causal connections were primarily influenced by their knowledge and observations that gangs in the area were Latino; by direct observation of area diversity disorder, and decline; and by experience living in their changing neighborhoods over time. In addition, beliefs were fueled by indirect victimization, or knowledge gained primarily through acquaintances such as neighbors and community policing officers. Cf.: http://dx.doi.org/10.3886/ICPSR32161.v1 residential segregation icpsr residents icpsr urban areas icpsr urban crime icpsr urban decline icpsr urban poverty icpsr urban problems icpsr neighborhood change icpsr neighborhood characteristics icpsr neighborhoods icpsr bilingual education icpsr communities icpsr crime icpsr gang violence icpsr gangs icpsr immigration icpsr language icpsr ICPSR XVII.E. Social Institutions and Behavior, Crime and the Criminal Justice System RCMD VII. Housing RCMD IX. Minority Populations RCMD I. Crime ICPSR II. Community and Urban Studies NACJD II. Community Studies Lane, Jodi Petersilia, Joan Inter-university Consortium for Political and Social Research. ICPSR (Series) 32161 Access restricted ; authentication may be required: http://dx.doi.org/10.3886/ICPSR32161.v1